• Abstract and Figures
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www.zerecords.com UNDER THE INFLUENCE / WHITE SPIRIT The 21st century has produced a new generation of young contenders of all kinds, who have, within months, spread a new string of names across the planet such as The Rapture, Playgroup, LCD Sound system, Liars, Yeah Yeah Yeahs, Radio 4 and the likes, just to name a few. Once again the heat was initiated in NYC, even though its Lower East Side epicenter « cleaned up » by Giuliani and Bloomberg, has moved a few blocks east and across the river to Brooklyn and Williamsburg. It might be wise to remind the younger ones among us that the origins of this new musical cycle is for the most part rooted in the NO WAVE movement of which James Siegfried aka James White, aka James Chance is undoubtedly one of its most prominent figures. New York City was hands down the artistic telluric center of the second half of the 20th century, especially from the 70’s, on. Rising from the ashes of the Velvet Un- derground, a slew of local bands redefined the aesthetics of rock’n’roll which the merchants of the temple hastened to rename under various designations, such as Punk, New Wave, No Wave, Jazz-Funk or even Disco and Disco- Punk without forgetting to mention the original Electro designation pioneered by the band Suicide. One of the indispensable and emblematic figures of the mid-70’s is of course James Chance. James Siegfried, born in Milwaukee in 1953, began his musical journey on the piano at the age of seven. His style evolved towards a more « free » sound, influenced by the likes of Thelonious Monk and Cecil Taylor, which clearly frightened his teachers at the Wisconsin Music Conservatory. From early ad- olescence on, he set his sights on the alto sax. John Coltrane’s, « Love Su- preme », opens up a whole new world to him, at which time the young prodigy immerses himself in the works of Albert Tayler, Lester Young and Charlie Parker and puts together the James Siegfried Band with future Jazz Messen- ger Brian Lynch at the trumpet. He participates in the post Velvet/Stooges rock band DEATH but ends up leaving his native Wisconsin where he clearly finds no one to understand his musical style. In 1976, New York looks more like a Martin Scorcese film set than Giulani’s post-9/11 aseptic Disneyland. The city’s downtown heroes are The Ramones, the Talking Heads, Patti Smith, Television, Blondie, Richard Hell and Johnny Thunder’s Heartbreakers. But it’s most certainly John Lurie’s Lounge Lizards that are truly representative of the Free Jazz Loft spirit of which James wished to be the heir. “James saw the obvious. Jazz had entirely ceased to be dance music and had become an entirely intro-spectator sport. It had lost everything below the waist. It had lost its sexuality and its funk. Jazz had also lost its audience to rock’n’roll, but despite glorious moments, that too was quickly being frozen into cliché and caricature. Then this white dude with free licks comes booga- looing in on the pointiest shoes you’ve ever seen and it’s okay again for high- IQ booty-shaking”. Glenn O’Brien But the exclusive world of New York jazz looks down on these new poseurs and particularly this « white dude », who gets his kicks from listening to Or- nette Coleman, James Brown or Funkadelic. So James turns towards the Lower East Side « rock groups ». He explores venues such as CBGB’s, the Mudd Club or Max’s Kansas City and, hiding behind the pseudonym « James Chance », sets out to link together the bare threads of punk, funk and free jazz. He produces an electrifying sound that will subsequently give birth to a musical current from which today’s young contenders will draw their plagia- rized « inspiration ». In 1977, James is still an odd ball with his unclassable and non-negotiable Teenage Jesus & the Jerks, with Lydia Koch, soon to be known as Lydia Lunch, occasional cocktail waitress at CBGB’s, Reck a Japa- George Scott and Don Christensen, other member of Loose Screws. Adele nese bass player, and Bradly Field on the drums. James revisits nihilism in a Bertei becomes the keyboard player after having learned her skills in Cleve- world of rock’n’roll in which new wave rules and is especially lucrative for the land with Peter and the Wolves with the fonder of Pere Ubu, Peter Laughner. majors, particularly in Europe. In reaction to this, our newcomers are going to With this line up, in the spring of 1978, James Chance & the Contortions play develop a style. Two other bands from New York’s arty downtown scene turn for every club in town, opening indifferently for Suicide, the Cramps or Mars, the clubs into rehearsal spaces since none of the band members know how transforming every one of their sets into barroom brawls. This phenomenon to play of an instrument. The first band, China, has just renamed itself Mars. undoubtedly enhances James’ bad boy reputation. He confides to the Soho Formed around Marc Cunnigham, China Berg, Sumner Crane and Nancy Ar- News: « If somebody comes to see me, they have to pay. And not just in len. They have recorded two titles: 3E and 11 000 volts with Jay Dee Daugh- money... New York people are such assholes-so cool and blasé. They think erty supported by Patti Smith who wanted to start her own independent label they can just sit and listen to anything and it won’t affect them. So I decided I “Mer Records” (en Français dans le texte), but too busy dealing with her own just had to go beyond the music, and physically assault them... The first time success finally entrusted me with the recordings that I released on my first I actually did it, really hurt people, was in Soho. I really fucking hate Soho. It label, pre-ZE: « Rebel Records »... was a benefit for this artsy magazine, and all these artsy-fartsy people were sitting on the floor-and if there’s one thing I can’t stand it’s people sitting on The second sensation, the DNA trio, is built around Arto Lindsay on guitar, the the floor. See, there was all this room, and no tables, and I figured everybody Japanese Ikue Mori on drums and Tim Wright on bass. At the same time, go- was going to dance. But they just sat ». ing by the name of the Pill Factory, James and Arto begin recording the origi- nal soundtrack of Diego Cortes’ film: « Grutsy Elvis », featuring Anya Phillips, James attacks. The first rows won’t resist, but seeing his size, it’s often him future muse and manager of James’. Four titles are released on a maxi ZE who ends up with a black eye, which doesn’t stop him in the least. It’s during records in 1978, one of them being a totally improbable cover of Elvis « That’s one of these battles, in the middle of summer 78, that James eyes first cross when your heartaches begin ». Inevitable ego problems at the heart of Teen- those of Anya Phillips. A glance that said: « Don’t you dare do that to me! » age Jesus lead James to leave the band and start his own: The Contortions. It was love at first glare! Anya was a famous wanabe downtown scenester, With the painter and actor James Nares who takes on the role of the guitar- the brain behind the conception of the Mudd club and a talented fashion de- ist and will be replaced a few months later by Jody Harris of the band Loose signer. An actress in the films of the periods’ New Cinema, “Grutzy Elvis” di- Screws, a combo with which he jams occasionally. Pat Place, a visual artist rected by Diego Cortes, « Rome 78 » by James Nares, where she plays the from Chicago, takes up slide guitar, while Reck the Japanese bass player of Queen of Sheba or in « The Foreigner », by Amos Poe. She became James’ Teenage Jesus joins the band bringing with him his compatriot Chico Hige soul sister. She took care of management, of the band’s look and played an on the drums. They eventually both leave for Japan, leasing their place to essential role in the development of James’ budding career and the different incarnations that were going to become his trademark. Sadly, Anya died of cancer in 1981. She was only 26! In may, a sort of festival in the Soho Artist Space Gallery involving all of New York’s arty/punky/noisy members, including the Contortions, Mars, DNA, Teen- age Jesus & the Jerks, Boris Policeband, Theoretical Girls, etc... was most certainly the starting point of a movement, which the local press immediately took hold of and baptized: No Wave. At the same time Chris Blackwell from Island Records, who had missed the first wave of New York bands three years earlier, including: Blondie, Television, Talking Heads, Patti Smith or Richard Hell, had entrusted Brian Eno with a budget for a demo to record the best of these newcomers. His plan being the signing of future record deals. But none of the bands ended up being to his taste so Eno put together four titles of his favorite bands: Mars, DNA, Teenage Jesus and The Contortions on a compi- lation which he baptized NO NEW YORK and which came out in November 1978. James Chance & The Contortions signed with ZE records for their first album and entered the Blank Tape Studio in the fall of 1978.

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