The Chapman Orchestra in Concert: "The French Connection"
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Chapman University Chapman University Digital Commons Printed Performance Programs (PDF Format) Music Performances 3-3-2017 The Chapman Orchestra in Concert: "The French Connection" Chapman Orchestra Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/music_programs Part of the Music Performance Commons, and the Other Music Commons Recommended Citation Chapman Orchestra, "The Chapman Orchestra in Concert: "The French Connection"" (2017). Printed Performance Programs (PDF Format). 1605. https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/music_programs/1605 This Other Concert or Performance is brought to you for free and open access by the Music Performances at Chapman University Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Printed Performance Programs (PDF Format) by an authorized administrator of Chapman University Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Chapman University Hall-Musco Conservatory of Music presents: THE CHAPMAN ORCHESTRA in Concert The French Connection Daniel Alfred Wachs Music Director & Conductor The Chapman Orchestra March 3, 2017 7:30 pm Musco Center for the Arts 3-3-17 TCO Primary BW insert.indd 1 2/21/2017 12:32:19 PM Program Suite from Pelléas et Mélisande Gabriel Fauré (1845-1924) I. Prélude II. Fileuse III. Sicilienne IV. Mort de Melisande Quiet City Aaron Copland (1900-1990) Olivia Gerns (‘18), English horn Matthew LaBelle (‘17), trumpet Daniel Alfred Wachs, conductor 3-3-17 TCO Primary BW insert.indd 2 2/21/2017 12:32:20 PM Program Scène et Air d’Ophélie Ambroise Thomas (1811-1896) Yllary Cajahuaringa ’17, soprano 2016 Vocal Competition Winner Symphony No. 31, Paris W.A. Mozart (1756-1791) I. Allegro Assai II. Andantino III. Allegro David Scott ’18 Andrew King ’17 Jason Liebson ’18 conductors 3-3-17 TCO Primary BW insert.indd 3 2/21/2017 12:32:20 PM Program Notes Suite from Pelléas et Mélisande Gabriel Fauré (1845-1924) Maurice Maeterlinck’s symbolist play Pelléas et Mélisande has been a source of inspiration for a number of composers: in the wake of Debussy’s opera, Schoenberg, Sibelius and Cyril Scott all composed works on the subject. Before any of these eminent modernists turned their attentions to the subject, however, Gabriel Fauré’s score composed for the first performance of the play in English in London in 1898 gained the distinction of being the first music inspired by the drama to be heard in public. Fauré was overworked at the time and so entrusted his pupil Charles Koechlin with the orchestration of the music. Fauré himself subsequently revised three movements for a larger orchestra in 1901, and the addition in 1909 of the famous Sicilienne completed the four movement suite that we hear tonight. The circumstances of the work may seem unlikely, but Fauré made several attempts to establish himself in London. However, he never managed to impress the English as much as did his titled contemporary Dr Edvard Grieg. Indeed, the reception of his music was decidedly lukewarm: “It is scarcely satisfactory, being wanting alike in charm and in dramatic power… its continued absence of tangible form, not to speak of its actual ugliness at many points, is such as to disturb rather than assist the illusion of the scene,” wrote the Times. Such sniffy judgements were not uncommon for a composer who was and often still is dismissed as a purveyor of lightweight salon songs. But this is to misunderstand how his music works. Those looking for lurid expressions of breast-beating despair in the death of Mélisande, for instance, will be disappointed. Fauré’s music eschews melodrama, and prefers to make its point in more undemonstrative, subtly shaded ways. Its exquisitely attractive surface should not blind the listener to its great subtlety and originality, an art that conceals itself. Often seen as a marginal figure of the late nineteenth century, Fauré really deserves to take his place as a farsighted figure of the early twentieth century, whose influence, through such composers as his contemporary Satie and his favourite pupil Ravel, has persisted through a significant strand of the past century; rarely if ever drawing attention to itself, but there nevertheless. — Peter Nagle, writing for the Kensington Symphony Orchestra 3-3-17 TCO Primary BW insert.indd 4 2/21/2017 12:32:20 PM Program Notes Quiet City Aaron Copland (1900-1990) Early in his career, Copland was so eager to write theatrical music that he composed a score for a nonexistent play: Music for the Theatre, originally called “Incidental Music for an Imaginary Play.” But during the 1930s, Copland became involved in the Group Theater, a company founded by Lee Strasberg and Harold Clurman to present socially relevant drama at popular prices. Copland’s studio at Steinway Hall was even one of the group’s first meeting places. Clurman later recalled that Copland’s own efforts to create a distinctly American body of music had inspired the Group in the beginning. Copland often attended rehearsals, and he became friendly with several of the Group’s members, including Elia Kazan, Clifford Odets—whose 1937 play, The Golden Boy, was one of the troupe’s biggest hits—and Irwin Shaw. Although Irwin Shaw is remembered today as the bestselling author of the 1970 novel Rich Man, Poor Man, which became a successful TV miniseries, he began his career working in radio and writing film scripts and plays. In 1939, after the Group had successfully staged Shaw’s The Gentle People, Copland agreed to write incidental music for a production of Shaw’s Quiet City later that year. “The script,” Copland recalled, “was about a young trumpet player who imagined the night thoughts of many different people in a great city and played trumpet to express his emotions and to arouse the consciences of the other characters and of the audience.” But the story of Gabe Mellon, who had changed his name in rejection of his Jewish background and became a wealthy businessman, and his struggling brother, trumpet player David Mellnikoff, obviously resonated strongly with Copland at the time, and he wrote music of unexpected depth and beauty. When the Group Theater production of Quiet City never made it beyond a couple of tryout performances, Copland decided to salvage parts of his score. During the summer of 1940, while he was teaching at the first season of the Berkshire Music Center at Tanglewood, he fashioned a short “suite” for trumpet and string orchestra from the incidental music, adding a solo english horn “for contrast and to give the trumpeter breathing spaces.” (Copland recycled other music from the complete score for parts of Appalachian Spring.) From the soft, gauzy opening to the haunted, nostalgic trumpet melodies, the piece is a pitch-perfect city scene from the 1930s. Copland was amused when reviewers noted its affinity to Whitman’s “mystic trumpeter” and Ives’s The Unanswered Question, with its yearning trumpet solos. To him, it was simply a portrait 3-3-17 TCO Primary BW insert.indd 5 2/21/2017 12:32:20 PM Program Notes of Shaw’s restless and troubled trumpet player (Copland marks the opening trumpet solo “nervous, mysterious”). Copland’s short, atmospheric piece has become one of his most performed works, and as Copland pointed out, “David Mellnikoff has long since been forgotten!” — Phillip Huscher, writing for the Chicago Symphony Orchestra Scène et Air d’Ophélie Ambroise Thomas (1811-1896) A vos jeux, mes amis, permettez-moi de grâce My friends, please allow me to join De prendre part! Nul n’a suivi ma trace. In your revels! No one has followed me. J’ai quitté le palais aux premiers feux du jour. I left the castle at the first light of dat. Des larmes de la nuit la terre était mouillée, The earth was wet with the tears of night Et l’alouette, avant l’aube éveillée, And the skylark, waking earlier than the sun, Planait dans l’air, ah!... Was soaring through the air, ah!... Mais vous, pourquoi vous parlez bas? But why do you whisper among yourselves? Ne me reconnaissez-vous pas? Do you not recognize me? Hamlet est mon époux, et je suis Ophélie. Hamlet is my husband, and I am Ophelia! Un doux serment nous lie, A tender promise binds us to each other; Il m’a donné son cœur He gave me his heart En échange du mien. In exchange for mine, Et si quelqu’un vous dit And should you ever hear Qu’il me fuit et m’oublie, That he has left me and forgotten me, N’en croyez rien! Do not believe a word of it! Non, Hamlet est mon époux, No, Hamlet is my husband, Et moi, je suis Ophélie! And I, I am Ophelia. S’il trahissait sa foi, If he should be disloyal, J’en perdrais la raison! It would drive me mad! Partegez-vous mes fleurs! Let me share my flowers with you! A toi cette humble branche For you a humble sprig 3-3-17 TCO Primary BW insert.indd 6 2/21/2017 12:32:20 PM Program Notes De romarin sauvage! Of wind rosemary. Ah!... Ah!... A toi cette pervenche. Here’s a periwinkle for you. Ah!... Ah!... Et maintenant écoutez ma chanson! And now listen to my song! Pâle et blonde Pale and fair Dort sous l’eau profonde She sleeps beneath the deep waters, La Willis au regard de feu! The Wili with eyes of flame. Que Dieu garde God keep he traveler Celui qui s’attarde Who tarries late at night Dans la nuit, au bord du flot bleu! On the shores of the blue lake! Heureuse l’épouse Happy the young bride Aux bras de l’époux! In her husband’s arms! Mon âme est jalousie My heart is envious D’un Bonheur si doux! Of such tender joy! Nymphe au regard de feu, Nymph with your eyes of flame, Hélas! Tu does sous les eaux du lac bleu! Alas, you sleep beneath the waters of the lake! Ah!..