IDF IDF

Faunistic Studies in South­east Asian and Pacific Island Odonata Journal of the International Dragonfly Fund

1­11

Dennis Farrell & Noppadon Makbun

First records of three Lestidae species in Thailand, with a checklist of the dragonflies known from Nam Nao National Park and Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary (Odonata)

published 04.06.2020

No. 32 ISSN 2195­4534 The International Dragonfly Fund (IDF) is a scientific society founded in 1996 for the impro­ vement of odonatological knowledge and the protection of species. Internet: http://www.dragonflyfund.org/

This series intends to contribute to the knowledge of the regional Odonata fauna of the Southeas­tern Asian and Pacific regions to facilitate cost­efficient and rapid dissemination of faunistic data.

Southeast Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geo­graphically south of China, east of India, west of New Guinea and north of Austra­ lia. Southeast Asia consists of two geographic regions: Mainland Southeast Asia (Indo­ china) and Maritime Southeast Asia.

Pacific Islands comprise of Micronesian, Melanesian and Polynesian Islands.

Editorial Work: Martin Schorr, Milen Marinov and Rory Dow Layout: Martin Schorr IDF­home page: Holger Hunger Printing: Colour Connection GmbH, Frankfurt Impressum: Publisher: International Dragonfly Fund e.V., Schulstr. 7B, 54314 Zerf, Germany. E­mail: [email protected] Responsible editor: Martin Schorr Cover picture: Indolestes gracilis expressior Kosterin, 2015 Photographer: Dennis Farrell Published 04.06.2020

First records of three Lestidae species in Thailand, with a checklist of the dragonflies known from Nam Nao National Park and Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary (Odonata)

Dennis Farrell1 & Noppadon Makbun2*

19/756 Moo 11, Pimanthani Muang Gao, Glang Muang, Amphur Muang, Khon Kaen, 40000, Thailand. Email address: [email protected] 2211/5 Moo 4, Takhli, Nakhon Sawan, 60140, Thailand. Email address: [email protected] *Corresponding author

Abstract Three lestid species, Indolestes gracilis expressior Kosterin, 2015, Indolestes inflatus (Fraser, 1933) and Orolestes selysi McLachlan, 1895, are reported from Thailand for the first time from records based mostly on photographs. The biology and habitats of the spe­ cies are briefly discussed. A checklist of the Odonata recorded in Nam Nao National Park and Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary is also presented for the first time.

Key words: Indolestes, Orolestes, damselfly, dragonfly, Odonata, new records, north­east, Thailand, checklist, Nam Nao National Park, Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary

Introduction Lestidae is a large family of damselflies distributed in almost every continent with 163 recognised species (Schorr & Paulson 2020). Ten species belonging to four genera (Indo­ lestes, Lestes, Orolestes, Platylestes) have been recorded from Thailand (Hämäläinen & Pinratana 1999). Although new national and provincial records of Odonata have been published from Thailand (including Day et al. 2012; Makbun 2017a,b; Makbun & Fleck 2018; Sribal et al. 2018; Chainthong et al. 2020; Fleck 2020), none of these refer to any lestid species. In this paper, new national records of three lestid species discovered in Nam Nao National Park and Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary in Thailand are reported. These pro­ tected areas are situated in the Phetchabun Mountains and part of the Western Isaan Forest Complex, which covers 4,594 km² in four national parks and four wildlife sanctuaries in north­east Thailand (Fig.1). Nam Nao National Park was gazetted in 1972, covering 966 km² in Petchabun and Chaiyaphum provinces with an altitude ranging between 650 and 1,200 m asl. The park is a large mountainous forest comprising mainly hill ever­ green forests, mixed deciduous forest, coniferous forest, deciduous dipterocarp forest, and some grassland areas with small streams and waterfalls. The annual average temperature is 25 °C (DNP 2020a). Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary covers 1,560 km² in Chaiyaphum Province. The altitude ranges from 235 to 1,310 m asl. Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary consists mainly of deciduous dipterocarp forest, coniferous forest and tropical

Faunistic Studies in SE Asian and Pacific Island Odonata 32 | 1 Farrell & Makbun

Fig. 1. Locations of Nam Nao National Park (red circle) and Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary (yel­ low triangle).

grassland forest with lakes and small streams (DNP 2020b). The odonate diversity of Nam Nao National Park and Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary is still inade­ quately known. Three publications include re­ cords of Odonata of Nam Nao National Park. Day et al. (2012) included records of 33 species from this na­ tional park. Hämäläinen (2017: 9) added Bayadera serrata Davies & Yang, 1996 to the species list. Kosterin (2016) provided a record of Onychargia priydak Kosterin, 2015 from Nam Nao NP, photographed by Dennis Farrell. It is the same record, which was earlier published in Day et al. (2012: 18) as ‘Onychalgia atrocyana (♂ with a highly pruinosed thorax)’. However, since this record was made ‘2 km S of Nam Nao town’, a place not within the national park, O. priydak is not included in the species list of the national park (Table 1). Rhinagrion hainanense Wilson & Reels, 2001 was added to the list by Sribal et al. (2018). Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary is a better studied area in terms of the number of species. Hämäläinen (1987) wrote a report on a dragonfly collecting trip in Thailand, which included a three­day stay at Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary in June 1984. Only 24 out of more than 50 species were shown in the report without a complete checklist. Asahina (1990) recorded Ceriagrion indochinense Asahina, 1967, Gynacantha subinterrupta Rambur, 1842, and Epophthalmia vittigera bellicosa Lieftinck, 1948. Asahina (1993) examined specimens from various locations and identified two species from this area: Copera marginipes (Rambur, 1842) and Trithemis aurora (Burmeister, 1839). Garrison & Garrison (1996) then found 45 species; of which, five species were identified at generic level.

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Materials and Methods The authors have surveyed dragonflies and damselflies in Nam Nao National Park and Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary between 2009 and 2020 and their work has yielded impressive results. Besides the records of the three lestid novelties, a checklist of Odo­ nata species known from these two protected areas is provided. The new country records are based on the authors’ high­quality photographs and voucher specimens collected. The photographer’s name is given in parentheses at the end of the record. A checklist was made through the compilation of all available published records, as well as the authors’ personal records. The checklist also includes unpublished records made in Phu Khieo by Amnuay Pinratana and/or his co­workers during several visits between 1981 and 1987 and by Matti Hämäläinen in 1984. The map was created with SimpleMappr (Shorthouse, 2010). The following abbreviations are used in this paper: mm = millimetre; m = metre; km2 = square kilometre; asl = above sea level.

Results New records for Thailand Lestidae 1). Indolestes gracilis expressior Kosterin, 2015 (Fig. 2) 1♂, Thailand, Chaiyaphum province, Chaiyaphum, Thung Kramang lake, Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary, 11­vii­2015 (Dennis Farrell); 1♂, same locality, 02­iv­2016 (Dennis Farrell).

a b

c d Fig. 2. Indolestes gracilis expressior Kosterin, 2015. (a–b) male in life, 11­vii­2015, Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary, Chaiyaphum province, Thailand, (a) lateral view, (b) oblique lateral. (c–d) male anal appendages, (c) lateral view, (d) top view. Photos: Dennis Farrell.

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Indolestes gracilis consists of three subspecies: I. g. gracilis (Hagen in Selys, 1862) from Sri Lanka, I. g. davenporti Fraser, 1930 from South India, and I. g. expressior Kosterin, 2015 from Cambodia (Kosterin 2015). Indolestes g. expressior was described from Mondulkiri Province in eastern Cambodia. This subspecies can be differentiated from other subspecies by a combination of characters as follows: broad dark­bronze middorsal band with straight margin, the shape of the cerci with a foot­like apical portion and paraprocts bluntly round in dorsal view. The photographic records from Thailand fit well with the description, especially the shape of the cerci and para­ procts. It is clearly a rare species and only exists there in small numbers. This record extends its known range from Cambodia to Thailand.

2). Indolestes inflatus (Fraser, 1933) (Fig. 3) 1♂, Thailand, Petchabun province, Petchabun, ‘Helicopter Pad’ lake, Nam Nao Na­ tional Park, 02­vii­2011 (Dennis Farrell); 1♂ 1♀, same locality, 09­vii­2011 (Dennis Farrell); 4♂♂, same locality, 16­vii­2011, Noppadon Makbun leg.; 1♂, same locality, 17­vii­2011, Noppadon Makbun leg.; 2♂♂ 1♀, same locality, 30­vi­2012 (Dennis Farrell); 1♂, same locality, 20­iii­2012 (Dennis Farrell). 1♂, Thailand, Petchabun province, Nam Nao Na­ tional Park, tiny temporary pond, 28­viii­2012 (Dennis Farrell). The first author no­ ticed an unknown lestid species at the edge of a large, ex­ posed and natural lake within Nam Nao National Park at ap­ proximately 850 m asl in 2011. Photo­ a graphs were first sent to Matti Hämäläinen who then forwarded them to Rory Dow for identification. In­ dividuals on the pho­ tographs were ten­ tatively identified as Indolestes infla­ tus (Fraser, 1933), but specimens were needed before con­ firming its identity. A male specimen was b later sent to Rory Dow Fig. 3. Indolestes inflatus (Fraser, 1933) in life, 09­vii­2011, Nam Nao National Park, Petchabun province, Thailand. (a) male, (b) female. Photos: Dennis Farrell.

4 | Faunistic Studies in SE Asian and Pacific Island Odonata 32 Thailand: Lestidae & Odonata checklist of Nam Nao NP & Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary

and he validated it as I. inflatus. Fraser (1933) described this species (as Ceylonolestes inflata) from a single male specimen collected in 1925 from Maymyo, northern Shan State, Burma (presently Myanmar). The strongly angulate cerci and brownish wings with bright rusty pterostigma separate it from other species in the genus (Fraser 1933). This record added north­east Thailand to its known range. So far, in Thailand, it has only been found at this location and in small numbers. The known flight season is between March and July.

3). Orolestes selysi McLachlan, 1895 (Fig.4) 1♂, Thailand, Chaiyaphum province, Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary, unspecified date in March 2012 (Rapeepat Charoenpon); 3♂♂, same locality, 02­vii­2016 (Dennis Farrell); 4♂♂, same locality, 06­viii­2016 (Dennis Farrell); 1♂, 01­vii­2017, same locality (Andrew Pierce), 1♂, same locality, 22­vii­2017 (Dennis Farrell, Andrew Pierce); 1♂, same locality, 05­viii­2017 (Dennis Farrell); 2♂♂ 1♀, same locality, 21­vii­2018 (Dennis Farrell).

Orolestes selysi is known from India (Darjeeling), China (Yunnan, Guangxi, Hainan, Taiwan), Laos and Vietnam (Dow & Subrama­ nian 2010; Zhang 2019). Therefore, it is no surprise that it has been recorded in the north­eastern part of Thailand. This a species is easily se­ parated from O. octomaculatus due to its solid black

Fig. 4. Orolestes selysi McLachlan, 1895 in life, Phu Khieo Wild­ life Sanctuary, Chai­ yaphum province, Thailand. (a) male, 02­vii­2016. (b) ovi­ positing female with hyaline­wing male, 21­vii­2018. Photos: b Dennis Farrell.

Faunistic Studies in SE Asian and Pacific Island Odonata 32 | 5 Farrell & Makbun

wings with white tips. At Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary, it tends to prefer hanging from tree branches that are either near or over small temporary ponds, especially in shaded areas. However, only one or two specimens are found at each pond. In­ terestingly, O. selysi co­exists with O. octomaculatus in the upper reaches of the sanctuary. However, though O. octomaculatus is found throughout the year, O. selysi only has a relatively short flight season from March to August. Currently, in Thailand, the species is only known from this location.

Checklist As the Odonata faunistic data of Nam Nao National Park and Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary was still lacking and somewhat scattered, as well as the fact that the two locations are in close proximity, the authors produced a combined checklist of Odonata from these two protected areas (Table 1). It was found that both protected areas were quite rich in dragonflies and damselflies with 144 species altogether. Libellulidae was the most dominant family (49 species), followed by Coenagrionidae (30 species) and Platycnemididae (14 species). Philogangidae, Philosinidae and Calopterygidae were the least recorded families with one, two and three species, respectively. 108 species (54 Anisoptera and 54 Zygoptera) were reported from Nam Nao National Park. Amongst these, 79 species (73.14%) are new for the Park (44 Anisoptera and 35 Zygoptera). Furthermore, 136 species (71 Anisoptera and 65 Zygoptera) were recorded from Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary with 45 species (33.08%) known from the area for the first time. The new records comprise 20 species belonging to Anisoptera and 25 species belonging to Zygoptera.

Table 1. The checklist of Odonata of Nam Nao National Park and Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary. The checklist is divided into Zygoptera and Anisoptera, respectively, and arranged alphabetically by families and species. Symbols are used as follows: x = present; ^ = new record for national park; * = new national record.

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Discussion With more than 350 species currently known from Thailand (Hämäläinen 2017), the num­ ber of odonate species recorded from Nam Nao National Park and Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary has accounted for 30.85% and 38.85%, respectively. The percentage of new records from these two protected areas (73.14 and 33.08, respectively) suggests that the faunistic data on Odonata in many areas of Thailand is still lacking and is in need of more intensive surveys and specimen collection. However, it is difficult to obtain a permit in order to collect odonates from protected areas throughout Thailand, leading to an increased reliance on high­quality photos to record the known species range in Thailand. However, as voucher specimens are key to true identification, ob­ taining a permit more easily through the right channels is imperative to accelerating and improving the study of Thai dragonflies and damselflies. Although many new species and records have been published, this paper demonstrates that there are many more species awaiting discovery, not only in these two protected areas, but also in other locations throughout the country.

Acknowledgements Rory Dow helped with the identification of Indolestes inflatus. Matti Hämäläinen pro­ vided valuable comments on the initial draft and graciously supplied Amnuay Pinra­ tana’s, along with his own, unpublished records. Milen Marinov reviewed and revised the final draft. Rapeepat Charoenpon and Andrew Pierce kindly provided additional photographic records of Orolestes selysi. The authors would like to express their sincere gratitude to everyone who contributed.

References Asahina, S., 1990. A list of the Odonata recorded from Thailand, Part XXI. Supplement. Tombo Acta Odonatologica 33: 2–20. Asahina, S., 1993. Further contributions to the Odonata fauna of Thailand based on the recent collection made by Bro. A. Pinratana and Mr. Yunosuke Kimura. Tombo 36(1­4): 2–11. Chainthong, D., M. Sartori & B. Boonsoong, 2020. Stylogomphus thongphaphumensis (Odonata: Anisoptera: Gomphidae), a new gomphid dragonfly and the first record of S. malayanus Sasamoto, 2001 from Thailand. Zootaxa 4763(2): 231–245. Day, L., D. Farrell, E. Gibert, A. Günther, M. Hämäläinen, E. Klimsa, A. Korshunov, O. Kosterin, N. Makbun, A. Pelegrin, U. Röder, R. Ruangrong & N. Vikhrev, 2012. New provincial records of Odonata from Thailand mostly based on photographs. Agrion 16(1): 16–25. Dow, R.A. & Subramanian, K.A. 2010. Orolestes selysi. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010: e.T167443A6349046. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010­4.RL­ TS.T167443A6349046.en. Accessed on 8 May 2020. Department of National Parks, Wildlife, and Plant Conservation (DNP), 2020a. Nam Nao National Park. http://park.dnp.go.th/visitor/nationparkshow.php?PTA_CODE=­ 1005. Accessed on 08 May 2020. [in Thai]

10 | Faunistic Studies in SE Asian and Pacific Island Odonata 32 Thailand: Lestidae & Odonata checklist of Nam Nao NP & Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary

Department of National Parks, Wildlife, and Plant Conservation (DNP), 2020b. Phu Khieo Wildlife Sanctuary. http://www.dnp.go.th/wildlife_it/n_web/menu_map/­ page_PK.php. Accessed on 08 May 2020. [in Thai] Fraser, F.C., 1933. Fauna of British India including Ceylon and Burma. Odonata. Vol. 1. Taylor and Francis, London: 423 pp. Fleck, G., 2020. Onychogomphus (Siriusonychogomphus) louissiriusi, a new species and new subgenus from Thailand (Odonata: Anisoptera: Gomphidae). Faunitaxys 8(7): 1–9. Garrison, R. & J. Garrison, 1996. A Thailand trek, or leeches in your boots. Malangpo 13: 102–110. Hämäläinen, M., 1987. Dragonfly collecting in Thailand. II. May­June 1984. Malangpo 4: 11–15. Hämäläinen, M., 2017. The Caloptera damselflies of Thailand – Distribution maps by provinces (Odonata: Calopterygoidea). Faunistic studies in South­East Asian and Pacific Island Odonata 19: 1–28. Hämäläinen, M. & A. Pinratana, 1999. Atlas of the Dragonflies of Thailand – Distribution maps by provinces. Brothers of Saint Gabriel in Thailand, Bangkok: vi + 176 pp. [In­ cluding 28 pages of colour photos of dragonflies] Kosterin, O.E., 2015. Taxonomical notes on Indolestes Fraser, 1922 (Lestidae, Zygoptera). 1. Indolestes gracilis expressior ssp. nov. from eastern Cambodia. International Dra­ gonfly Fund Report 81: 1–11. Kosterin, O.E., 2016. A survey of Odonata of Mondulkiri, the elevated eastern province of Cambodia, for ten days in June 2014. International Dragonfly Fund Report 98: 1–85. Makbun, N., 2017a. A new species of the genus Burmagomphus Williamson (Odonata: Gomphidae) from Northern Thailand. Zootaxa 4269(1): 133–136. Makbun, N., 2017b. Anisogomphus yingsaki (Odonata: Gomphidae) sp. nov., a new gomphid species from Thailand. Zootaxa 4306(3): 437–443. Makbun, N. & G. Fleck, 2018. Description of Microgomphus farrelli sp. nov. (Odonata: Anisoptera: Gomphidae) based on adults of both sexes and larvae from Northern Thailand. Zootaxa 4422(3): 442–450. Schorr, M. & D. Paulson, 2020. World Odonata List. http://www.pugetsound.edu/aca­ demics/academic­resources/slater­museum/biodiversity­resources/dragon­ flies/world­odonata­list2/. Accessed on 7 May 2020. Shorthouse, D.P., 2010. SimpleMappr, an online tool to produce publication­quality point maps. http://www.simplemappr.net. Accessed on 10 May 2020. Sribal U., Y. Paweenpermsuk, T. Thitiarchagul, S. Atdhabhan, C. Saengamron, N. Thep­ phibalsathit, S. Chaychum, R.A. Behrstock, P. Jadoonkittinan, R. Ruangrong, J. Ruangrong, N. Thammasangwan, S. Tersing, S. Changong & N. Makbun. 2018. New national records of Odonata from Thailand based mostly on photographs (Odonata: Argiolestidae, Philosinidae, Aeshnidae, Libellulidae). Agrion 22(1): 30–36. Zhang, H. 2019. The dragonflies and damselflies of China. Vol. 1 and 2. Chongqing Uni­ versity Press, Chongqing, China: 14 + 1460 pp. [Bilingual, Chinese and English]

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12 | Faunistic Studies in SE Asian and Pacific Island Odonata 32 INSTRUCTION TO AUTHORS

Faunistic studies of South­East Asian and Pacific islands Odonata is a journal of the International Dragonfly Fund (IDF). It is referred to as the journal in the remainder of these instructions. Transfer of copyright to IDF is considered to have taken place implicitly once a paper has been published in the journal.

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Reference cited in the text should read as follows: Tillyard (1924), (Tillyard 1924), Swezey & Williams (1942).

The reference list should be prepared according to the following standard: Swezey, O. & F. Williams, 1942. Dragonflies of Guam. Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin 172: 3­6. Tillyard, R., 1924. The dragonflies (Order Odonata) of Fiji, with special reference to a collection made by Mr. H.W. Simmonds, F.E.S., on the Island of Viti Levu. Transactions of the Entomological Society London 1923 III­IV: 305­346.

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