Guide to Planning an Antarctic Cruise Welcome and Contents | 2 Dear Traveller…

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Guide to Planning an Antarctic Cruise Welcome and Contents | 2 Dear Traveller… Guide to planning an Antarctic cruise Welcome and contents www.swoop-antarctica.com | 2 Dear Traveller… Antarctica is a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity, Welcome and contents 2 Do I want to sail or fly? 16 something many people have dreamt about for years. Meet the team 3 Sail or fly? 17 We understand how important it is, and the valuable How do I get to Antarctica? 18 role we can play in ensuring that it’s the very best it Antarctic overview 4 can be. What can I expect? 5 What size and style of ship? 19 Where to go in Antarctica 6 Choosing an Antarctic cruise ship 20 As Antarctic specialists we live and breathe this What is expedition cruising? 7 A selection of our favourite ships 21 extraordinary region, which gives us a unique What will I do in Antarctica? 8 perspective. We’ve come to realise that there are How important are the optional five key decisions to planning an Antarctic journey: Where should I go in Antarctica? 9 adventure activities? 22 Antarctic Peninsula & Polar Circle 10 Adventure activities 23 1. Where should I go in Antarctica? 2. Which month should I travel? South Georgia & Falkland Islands 11 3. Do I want to sail or fly? About us 24 4. What size and style of ship? Which month should I travel? 12 Five reasons to choose Swoop 25 5. How important are the What’s the best time to visit Antarctica? 13 Our sustainability manifesto 26 optional adventure activities? Antarctic weather guide 15 FAQs 27 If this guide helps you to answer these questions and provides the confidence to get in touch and start the all important planning process, then its done its job. Alex Mudd HEAD OF SWOOP ANTARCTICA Meet the team www.swoop-antarctica.com | 3 Meet the team Together we have over 50 years of accumulated polar experience! John spent 13 years living in Cassia has had the good fortune Tennessee has had a passion for Finland, just south of the Arctic of specialising in the Russian Arctic exploration and the polar regions Circle, working as a fisherman. Since and Antarctica’s Ross Sea for over since childhood. A Fellow of the then he’s deepened his polar ten years, working for a ship Royal Geographical Society and knowledge with extensive travel in operator. Her familiarity with the keen history enthusiast, he’s Antarctica, including walking in operational logistics of expedition currently writing a book about James Shackleton’s footsteps and voyages complements her deep Clark Ross, one of the most under- circumnavigating South Georgia. knowledge for these little-travelled appreciated polar explorers. An inveterate traveller, he’s now polar regions. visited an impressive 155 countries. Jud has polar travel running Molly has crossed the Polar Circle Ben has been hooked on the through his blood. His great- and has camped out on the Antarctic planet’s cold places ever since his grandfather sewed sails for vessels continent. An avid traveller, she has first Arctic adventure snowmobiling voyaging up the coast of Labrador spent over a decade exploring on five 500 miles across Svalbard at a and into the Davis Strait, and a continents. She has extensive ship formative age. Further polar trips branch of his family tree contains knowledge and loves sharing her followed, and since then he’s been one of Canada’s most recognized experiences to help ensure customers evangelising about the joys of Arctic explorers: Captain Robert get the best possible Antarctic expeditionary cruising. Bartlett. Inspired by history and experience. innately drawn toward the poles, Jud carries on the family polar tradition. Antarctic overview www.swoop-antarctica.com | 4 ANTARCTIC OVERVIEW Incomprehensibly vast, remote and majestic, neither words nor pictures ever manage to truly capture the splendour of the White Continent. Antarctica has this mythic weight – it looms large in the collective unconscious of so many of us. It’s like going to the moon. Antarctic overview / What can I expect? www.swoop-antarctica.com | 5 What can I expect? Space Wildlife Camaraderie The size of the United States and Mexico combined yet Antarctica and South Georgia’s menagerie of rich and Forged by this shared immersive experience and fanned with just 0.00008 people per km2, Antarctica’s vast diverse wildlife rarely fails to enthrall. A dizzying by a common passion for travel, a unique sense of spaces and deafening silence is the ultimate antidote to cocktail of penguins, seals, whales and seabirds. Make camaraderie quickly develops on board an Antarctic our busy, modern world. sure you pack plenty of camera memory cards. cruise which is often an unexpected delight. Adventure Unpredictability Learning Simply getting to Antarctica is a big enough adventure Where you go and what you do each day will be You’ll be accompanied throughout by Antarctica for many. But how many people can say they’ve camped influenced by changing local conditions in the ice, sea experts. These are the unsung heroes who are generous out overnight on the ice or snowshoed with penguins? and weather. As such, spontaneity is the watchword and with their deep knowledge by day and who will then Expect adventure at every turn. no two trips to Antarctica are ever the same. enthrall you with Polar tales at the bar in the evening. Antarctic overview / Where to go in Antarctica www.swoop-antarctica.com | 6 Where to go in Antarctica ANTARCTIC PENINSULA FALKLANDS ISLANDS The most accessible part of Antarctica, achingly beautiful and home to spectacular The Falklands are a popular addition to longer Antarctic voyages, but they're wildlife. Icebergs, penguins, seals and whales abound! FALKLAND well worth seeing in their own right - particularly for their spectacular birdlife. Punta Arenas ISLANDS • Spectacular scenery & wildlife SOUTH • Penguin, seal & albatross colonies Ushuaia • Most popular Antarctic experience GEORGIA • Encounter 5 penguin species • Widest choice of dates & ships • Visit Stanley & meet the locals • 8 - 12 days • 1 - 2 days to a week ANTARCTIC When to visit PENINSULA When to visit November - March November - March POLAR CIRCLE POLAR CIRCLE Polar SOUTH GEORGIA Circle The extra time needed to reach the Polar Circle at 66 degrees south is more than The ultimate destination for wildlife lovers, photographers and history buffs. justified by having more days to explore Antarctica. The time and effort investment to reach this remote island is paid off in spades. • Achieve 66 degrees south • The 'Serengeti of the South' • Forge deeper than most other visitors • Spectaular settings & scenery • Experience navigating through heavy ice • Raise a glass at Shackleton's grave • 10 - 13 days • 17 - 23 days SOUTH POLE When to visit When to visit January - March November - March ROSS SEA ROSS SEA Experience one of the last truly remote bastions on earth. Emperor penguins, the Ross Ice Shelf and the Historic Huts of the early explorers await. • An epic journey into true wilderness • Follow in the footsteps of early explorers • Fewer than 500 visitors a year • 30 - 35 days When to visit January - February Antarctic overview / What is expedition cruising? www.swoop-antarctica.com | 7 What is expedition cruising? If the word ‘cruising’ typically conjures up images of vast ships, cocktail parties and evening floor shows, polar cruising couldn’t be more different. Expedition cruising (as it is also known) in the Antarctic is the very antithesis of a traditional cruise – it is active, “Antarctica exceeded my adventurous and fully immersive. expectations. I have been Small ships with between 70 to 200 passengers dreaming of going to Antarctica follow flexible itineraries, responding to ice and for many years and this was an climate conditions, accessing remote regions amazing experience.” inaccessible by other means. Christine & Rollence, California, December 2017 Each ship will have an expedition team, whose purpose is to get you off-ship whenever possible. Typically, this will be twice a day, ensuring that you experience the Antarctic environment up close and personal. Optional additional activities, such as kayaking, are also available. Onboard activities are not limited to lectures and library facilities. Although education is a key part of an expedition voyage, many ships offer much more, from citizen science programmes to photography and cultural workshops. Each boat has its own team of experts making it imperative that you get the right ship for you. There are no hotels in Antarctica – a vast area utterly devoid of infrastructure – so travelling by ship is the ideal way to comfortably explore. Antarctic overview / What will I do in Antarctica? www.swoop-antarctica.com | 8 What will I do in Antarctica? 1. EDUCATION 4. OBSERVATION Travelling in the company of passionate Polar Specialists, who provide Keep your eyes peeled, the drama and beauty isn't reserved just for time fascinating onboard lectures, gives these voyages a strong educational focus. off-ship. Observation from the bridge or deck is a 24-hour activity. • OFF AND ONBOARD • ONBOARD THE SHIP THE SHIP • 24/7 • 5-6 LECTURES PER VOYAGE • OPEN TO ALL • OPEN TO ALL • UNLIMITED • 1 HOUR • INCLUDED IN PRICE • INCLUDED IN PRICE 2. POLAR PLUNGE 5. LANDINGS 1 Strictly for the brave or foolish, this is either a brief swim from the shore or 4 Daily land-based visits to penguin rookeries, places of historic interest & a 'plunge' off the ship. Bragging rights guaranteed. research stations - nothing beats actually setting foot on the 7th continent. • OFF THE SHIP • OFF THE SHIP 2 • 10-15 SECONDS • 1-2 DAILY OPEN TO ALL • ONLY FOR THE BRAVE! • • 2-3 HOURS • ONCE PER VOYAGE 5 (PER LANDING) • INCLUDED IN PRICE 6 • INCLUDED IN PRICE 3. ZODIAC SAFARIS 6. ADVENTURE ACTIVITIES Skimming along in a small rubber boat, weaving between icebergs in search of Where else but in Antarctica can you kayak past icebergs or sleep out on the ice? wildlife and dazzling photo opportunities - zodiac safaris are thrilling.
Recommended publications
  • Antarctica Classic in Depth
    ANTARCTICA CLASSIC IN DEPTH This 13-day expedition introduces you to the magic of the South Shetland Islands and the Antarctic Peninsula. Part of the reward of arriving in Antarctica is the challenge of negotiating the Drake Passage – and the MS Expedition will bring you there safely. Encounter leopard seals lazing on ice floes and immense rookeries of penguins surrounded by towering glaciers. The Expedition’s expert guides and lecturers offer knowledge and insight that really bring the nature and history of the region to life, creating the adventure of a lifetime. ITINERARY Day 1 Ushuaia Arrive in Ushuaia at any time. Enjoy the sights and sounds of the world's most southerly city. Arrival transfer is included. There will be a welcome desk in the lobby of the start hotel that will provide more specific information on the MS Expedition. Day 2 Ushuaia/Drake Passage Enjoy a free morning in Ushuaia. Do any last minute shopping, explore the town or the surrounding countryside. Embarkation 01432 507 280 (within UK) [email protected] | small-cruise-ships.com on the MS Expedition begins in the afternoon at the port in the whales that feed in the peninsula's cold, fertile waters. Ushuaia. Enjoy the evening sailing through the Beagle Channel. Navigate southwards making stops in the South Shetland Expedition travel can be full of surprises! While it is our Islands then through the Bransfield Strait and to the Antarctic intention of adhere to the itinerary described below, there is a Peninsula. During the voyage, learn about some of the most certain amount of flexibility built into the itinerary and on important and dramatic expeditions to this remote corner of the occasion it may be necessary, or desirable to make alterations.
    [Show full text]
  • IAATO Report
    IP 36 Agenda Item: ATCM 4 Presented by: IAATO Original: English Submitted: 15/05/2012 HCA12-06.3A Report of the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators 2011-12 1 IP 36 Report of the International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators 2011-2012 Under Article III (2) of the Antarctic Treaty Introduction The International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators (IAATO) is pleased to report its activities to ATCM XXXV, under Article III (2) of the Antarctic Treaty. IAATO continues to focus activities in support of its mission statement to ensure: Effective day-to-day management of Member activities in Antarctica; Educational outreach, including scientific collaboration; and Development and promotion of Antarctic tourism industry best practices. A detailed description of IAATO, its mission statement, primary activities and recent developments can be found in the 2012-13 Fact Sheet, and on the IAATO website: www.iaato.org. IAATO Membership and Visitor Levels during 2011-12 IAATO comprises 111 Members, Associates and Affiliates. Member offices are located worldwide, representing 57% of the Antarctic Treaty Consultative Party countries, and carrying nationals from nearly all Treaty Parties annually to Antarctica. During the 2011-12 Antarctic tourism season, the overall number of visitors decreased nearly 22% to 26,519 from the previous season (33,824 visitors in 2010-2011). These numbers reflect only those travelling with IAATO member companies. Details on tourism statistics can be found in ATCM XXXIV IP39 IAATO Overview of Antarctic Tourism: 2011-12 Season and Preliminary Estimates for 2012-13. The Membership Directory and additional statistics on IAATO member activities can be found at www.iaato.org.
    [Show full text]
  • Latin America & Antarctica
    Latin America & Antarctica eclipsetravel.com.au 2. Table of Contents About Eclipse Travel We Are Eclipse Travel, Our Difference 3 South America South America Circuits, Peru, Chile, Argentina, Ecuador, Brazil, Colombia, Venezuela, 5 Unique properties Galápagos 41 Popular itineraries, Wildlife map, Our preferred vessels Central America Central America Circuits, Mexico, Cuba, Belize, Guatemala, Costa Rica, Panama, 49 Nicaragua, Unique properties Antarctica Popular itineraries, Our preferred vessels 65 we are Eclipse Travel Eclipse Travel are the Polar & Latin America Specialists. Let us plan your next adventure! Eclipse Travel is an Australian & regularly to our specialist regions to research New Zealand owned company that new products and destinations, and also to conduct quality checks of the many existing specialises in travel to incredible, products we have on offer. unique and sometimes remote destinations such as Antarctica, the Eclipse Travel is committed to delivering the Arctic, and South and Central America. very best travel experiences, to a selection of the world’s most breathtaking destinations. We Our team have been lucky enough to travel to take the hard work out of organising your holiday, more than 100 countries over all 7 continents and designing a personalised itinerary which perfectly collectively boast over 50 years experience in the matches your budget, availability and interests. travel industry. Because of our time spent abroad, we know exactly what the modern traveller wants Our exceptional knowledge allows us to give from a destination specialist. personal insights into our destinations, ensuring we design a remarkable and unforgettable travel Our dedicated team offer an honest and informed experience. approach to planning your holiday.
    [Show full text]
  • Year 4- All Around the World What It Looked Like Last Year... • Using
    Year 4- All around the world What it looked like last year... What it looks like next year… Using contents and indexes to locate countries around the Identify some map symbols on an Ordnance Survey map. world Give co-ordinates by going across first and then up. Understanding what a key is and what it is used for Find a location from four-figure coordinates. Drawing a simple map Find similarities and differences between photographs of Following a simple map to locate things the same location. Distinguish between maps, atlases and globes Vocabulary (definitions) Sequence of Learning Equator- invisible line that goes around the middle of the world 1. North or South? Explain the position and significance of the Hemisphere- half of the sphere Equator, the Northern Hemisphere, and the Southern Hemisphere. Latitude- invisible lines going around the world 2. Over and around. Identify lines of longitude and latitude and Longitude- invisible lines going over the world use them to find places on maps, atlases and globes Arctic circle- polar circle at the north of the globe 3. Top and bottom. Identify the position and significance of the Antarctic circle- polar circle at the south of the globe Arctic and the Antarctic Circle Prime meridian- line dividing east and west hemisphere 4. Tropics. Identify the position and significance of the Tropics of Time zone Cancer and Capricorn by comparing the climate of the tropics GMT- Greenwich Mean Time with that of the UK Climate- weather conditions over a period of time 5. On the line. Explain the position and significance of the Prime Tropics- regions of the Earth that lie roughly in the middle of the Meridian.
    [Show full text]
  • Northern Hemisphere Tropospheric Mid-Latitude Circulation After Violent Volcanic Eruptions
    Beitr. Phys. Atmosph., February 1994, p. 3-13 Article 0005-8173/94/01 0003-11 $ 3.00/0 Vol.67,No.1 3 Northern Hemisphere Tropospheric Mid-Latitude Circulation after Violent Volcanic Eruptions by H.-F. GRAF, J. PERLWITZ and I. KIRCHNER Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie, Bundesstraße 55, 20146 Hamburg, Germany (Manuscript received September 3, 1993; accepted January 26, 1994) Abstract The strengths of the polar stratospheric vortex and geopotential height anomalies of the 500 hPa layer are studied that are observed after recent violent volcanic eruptions. After all tropical eruptions the polar stratospheric vortex was intensified. The tropospheric anomaly patterns after tropical eruptions are very similar to those of winter months with a very strong stratospheric vortex, irrespective whether volcanically forced or not. Hence, if they have any effect on the wintertime tropospheric circulation, tropical eruptions seem to force a natural mode of the stratospheric winter circulation which is associated with a specific response of the tropospheric circulation with maximum amplitude over the North Atlantic and adjacent continental regions. Therefore, it remains difficult to give statistical evidence of volcanic impact on climate on the basis of the few observations after these rare events. A combination of observational studies and model experiments may help to overcome these difficulties in the future. Zusammenfassung Die troposphärische Zirkulation in mittleren Breiten der Nordhemisphäre nach starken Vulkanausbrüchen Die nach den jüngsten starken Vulkaneruptionen beobachteten Stärken des polaren Strat- osphärenwirbels und der Anomalien der geopotentiellen Höhe der $00 Pa Fläche werden untersucht. Nach allen tropischen Eruptionen war der polare stratosphärische Wirbel verstärkt. Die troposphärischen Anomalieverteilungen nach tropischen Eruptionen sind sehr ähnlich zu jenen in Wintermonaten mit einem sehr starken stratosphärischen Wirbel, unabhängig ob dieser vulkanisch angetrieben ist oder nicht.
    [Show full text]
  • Arctic Highlights Aboard the MS Expedition
    Arctic Highlights aboard the MS Expedition ...live for today Sailing from Spitsbergen to Greenland, follow the ice’s edge with an eye peeled to the horizon for wildlife. Navigating south, you’ll explore this remote landscape not only by ship but also on foot and via Zodiac. This journey highlights the contrast and change in the Arctic as you move south, finally ending in Iceland, “the Land of Fire and Ice.” An Inuit village, unique wildlife, and remote destinations are just some of the highlights on this truly unforgettable voyage through the Arctic. Duration: 15 days from Longyearbyen to Reykjavík Dates: 01 Sep -15 Sep2016 02 Sep - 16 Sep 2017 Ship: MS Expedition ...live for today Visit our website, email or call us for more information! Web: www.chimuadventures.com Email: [email protected] Phone: 020 7403 8265 ...live for today Itinerary Day 1: Longyearbyen Embark aboard the G Expedition in the afternoon and depart Longyearbyen in the late afternoon. Day 2- 5: Spitzbergen/ Greenland Sea Taking advantage of local ice and weather conditions, explore the Northwest Spitsbergen National Park, one of those rare places on Earth blessed with both awe- inspiring landscape and compelling history. Over four full days, explore a small portion of the western coast of Spitsbergen. Entering the fall the days are getting shorter so try to take advantage of all of the sunlight possible to search for wildlife. Spend these days in search of the elusive polar bears as they hunt seals. Look out for Svalbard’s unique subspecies of reindeer. Although much smaller than their southern relatives, they still carry impressive antlers.
    [Show full text]
  • Realm of the Polar Bear
    REALM OF THE POLAR BEAR From close-up encounters with icebergs and glaciers to the region’s plentiful wildlife, this is a voyage of non-stop highlights. Always on the lookout for exotic animals, you’ll explore this landscape not only by ship but also on foot and via Zodiac. Roaming polar bears, lounging seals, grazing reindeer, and colonies of birds all co-exist in this harsh land we dare only to explore a few months of the year. What's Included: 7 nts aboard the G Expedition Arrival transfer Zodiac excursions with our expert expedition team Lectures and educational programs Insulated, waterproof boots supplied for USA sizes 4 - 16 Expedition parka >Accommodations Aboard the G Expedition in quad-, triple-, twin-share cabins, or suites (all with en suite bathrooms and porthole or window, 7 nts). Please note that all cabins consist of twin-size berths and are ocean-facing. Suites have one queen-size bed. Meals: 7 breakfasts, 6 lunches, 7 dinners Allow USD25-35 for meals not included. Drinks and tips on board are not included. 01432 507 280 (within UK) [email protected] | small-cruise-ships.com ITINERARY less explored regions of Nordaustlandet and Kvitøya, or the Day 1 Longyearbyen/Spitsbergen continental edges where large whales are attracted by nutrient Embark the MS Expedition at 4pm in the afternoon and depart rich upwellings. Each day will be planned to take advantage of Longyearbyen in the evening. Please make sure you drop your local ice and weather conditions. Distances are relatively short checked luggage off at the meeting point between 9am - 12pm.
    [Show full text]
  • Cruise Weekly
    THURSDAY 21st APRIL 2011 www.cruiseweekly.com.au JMAK= Ph: 1300 799 220 Fax: 1300 799 221 :((./< Email: [email protected] Editors: Louise Goldsbury & Amanda Collins TODAY’S CRUISE WEEKLY CCS launches new agent websites Welcome to today’s Cruise Weekly Trade Complete Cruise Solution’s Designed as a 24/7 online cruise hub, edition featuring five pages of all the latest features include instant access to POLAR cruise industry news. ‘My CCS’ includes extra Online’s booking portal, special offers, news, deck plans, images, event details and event features such as customised registration across all CCS brands. AIDAsol christening marketing tools. In a new initiative, agents can also use the THIS MONTH, GERMAN CRUISE LINE AIDA CRUISES THE MUCH ANTICIPATED CRUISE DESTINATIONS - sites to customise their own marketing christened its eighth cruise ship, AIDAsol. www.myccs.com.au and www.myccs.co.nz - materials with a Flyer Wizard Tool. Built at the Meyer Werft shipyard AIDAsol is went live yesterday, providing greater According to Don Clark, director of sales, the fifth Sphinx class vessel for AIDA, and support for travel agents in Australia and NZ. My CCS is the company’s biggest-ever single weighs in at 71,000 tons. investment in the trade. “As the cruise industry continues to expand, so too does the role that travel agents play in growing our business,” Clark said. “This website provides all the support that agents need – it’s the ultimate one-stop shop for any agent who wants to increase their cruise sales.” Agents can use their existing POLAR Online login and password to view an introductory video on www.myccs.com.au.
    [Show full text]
  • The Explorer Academy
    THE EXPLORER ACADEMY 2019 On this four-day adventure, White Desert offers you the opportunity to learn from one of the most experienced and accomplished polar explorers of our time - Ben Saunders. PRICE PER PERSON : US$38,500 BEN SAUNDERS Ben Saunders is a polar explorer, endurance athlete and motivational speaker who has covered more than 7,000km of Arctic and Antarctic terrain in the past two decades. As the leader of the longest human-powered polar journey in history, Ben will impart his incredible knowledge of what it takes to survive in Antarctica and teach you the skills of a true Polar Explorer Atlantic Ocean CAPE TOWN SOUTH AFRICA Atlantic Ocean Indian Ocean WHICHAWAY CAMP WOLF’S FANG runway Weddell Sea Bellingshausen Sea GEOGRAPHIC SOUTH POLE Pacific Ocean FLIGHTS Flight to Antarctica: 5 hours Flight from Wolf’s Fang Runway to Whichaway Camp: 25 minutes TRAVEL SOUTH AFRICA TO ANTARCTICA We travel in uncompromised comfort across the mighty Southern Ocean in a Gulfstream private jet. During the 5hr flight, the African night turns to day as we soar over thousands of icebergs and pass into 24hrs of continuous sunshine. CLICK TO VIEW Destination: Wolf’s Fang runway. LANDING ON WOLF’s faNG RUNwaY Stepping onto the ice for the first time can literally take your breath away. Ben will guide you off the jet and you will have a few hours to take in the incredible vistas of the Drygalski range. You will spend the day amongst these giants, learning the basics of cross-country skiing and summitting a small peak.
    [Show full text]
  • PEOPLE in the POLAR Regions
    TEACHING DOSSIER 2 ENGLISH, GEOGRAPHY, SCIENCE, HISTORY PEOPLE IN THE POLAR REGIONS ANTARCTIC, ARCTIC, PEOPLES OF THE ARCTIC, EXPLORATION, ADVENTURERS, POLAR BASES, INTERNATIONAL POLAR YEAR, SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH, FISHING, INDUSTRY, TOURISM 2 dossier CZE N° 2 THEORY SECTION Living conditions in the Polar Regions are harsh: very low temperatures, violently strong winds, ground often frozen solid, alternation between long nights in winter and long days in summer and difficult access by any means of transportation. Yet despite everything, people manage to live either permanently or temporarily in these regions, which are unlike any other. Who are these people? PEOPLE IN THE ANTARCTIC Antarctica is a frozen continent surrounded by an immense ocean. The climate is so extreme that there is virtually no life at all on land; any life there is concentrated on the coast (seals, penguins, whales, etc.)1. No human beings live in Antarctica on a permanent basis; however people have managed to endure short and extended stays on the continent during the past 200 years. THE EXplorers: A BALANCE BETWEEN PHYSICAL ACHIEVEMENT AND science Because it was so difficult to reach, the Antarctic was the last region of the world to be explored. Until the 18th century, the frozen continent remained very much a figment of people’s imaginations. Then in 1773, the English navigator and explorer James Cook became the first man to reach the southernpolar circle (Antarctic Circle). Yet it was not until 1820 that the Russian navigator F.F. Bellingshausen and his men discovered that Antarctica was not just made entirely of sea ice, but a continent in its own right, because they saw a mountain there.
    [Show full text]
  • Impacts of Global Warming on Polar Ecosystems 00 DUARTE INGLES - Q7:Maquetación 1 1/10/08 10:00 Página 4 00 DUARTE INGLES - Q7:Maquetación 1 1/10/08 10:00 Página 5
    SOBRECUBIERTA 1/10/08 17:22 Página 1 CARLOS M. DUARTE Ecosystems on Polar of Global Warming Impacts The confirmation that our planet is The challenges posed by polar research are crucial for the whole future of is a research professor for the Spanish undergoing a process of global warming— humanity.A deeper understanding of the phenomena occurring in the polar Council for Scientific Research (CSIC) at in which greenhouse gas emissions due to the Mediterranean Institute for Advanced regions, and the forces that drive them, not only enlightens us to the importance human activity are an important causal Studies (IMEDEA). He holds a degree in of research, it also, and more importantly, alerts us to the social and behavioural factor—has focused growing attention on animal biology from the Autonomous changes we must undertake in order to manage global change and all that it the impacts of this change on society and University of Madrid and completed his entails in the environmental and social spheres. the natural environment. And while the scale and repercussions of the problem doctoral thesis on the ecology of lake These areas of the planet offer us an exceptional scientific heritage which must have yet to be sufficiently investigated, it macrophytes at McGill University, be investigated, of course, but also brought to the attention of the broader public. is acknowledged that polar ecosystems Montreal, Canada. His research work has For this reason, scientific information and education are seen as a vital part of ranged over a wide variety of aquatic may be among the most vulnerable.
    [Show full text]
  • Estoniakatastrofen. Kamedorapport 68
    SoS- rapport 1997:15 Estoniakatastrofen M/S Estonias förlisning i Östersjön den 28 september 1994 Kamedorapport 68 Omslagsbild: Magnus Rietz, Pressens Bild AB Omslagsbilden visar M/S Estonia. Katastrofmedicinska organisationskommittén, KAMEDO, som tillhör Social- styrelsens beredskapsenhet, har som främsta uppgift att med hjälp av utsända observatörer och genom faktainsamling studera de medicinska, psykologiska och sociala effekterna av katastrofer och krig samt den undsättande och sjuk- vårdande verksamheten. I KAMEDO ingår: Ordförande: Bertil Hamberger, professor i kirurgi vid Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm. Vetenskaplig sekreterare 1: Per Kulling, biträdande överläkare vid Giftinforma- tionscentralen, Stockholm. Vetenskaplig sekreterare 2: Louis Riddez, avdelningsläkare, Kirurgiska klini- ken, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm. Medlemmar i organisationskommittén är bl a representanter för Försvarsmak- ten, Statens Haverikommission, Räddningstjänsten och Socialstyrelsen. Art nr 1997-03-15 ISBN 91-7201-195-5 ISSN 1100-2808 Sättning: Tamarind Marknadsresurs AB Tryck: Norstedts Tryckeri AB, Stockholm 1997. 2 3 Förord Strax efter midnatt den 28 september 1994 inträffade en av modern tids svåraste fartygsolyckor. Bil- och passagerarfärjan Estonia förliste under svåra väderför- hållanden på sin färd från Tallinn till Stockholm. Ombord fanns närmare 1 000 människor. Endast 137 av dem kunde räddas. Under de drygt två år som gått sedan förlisningen har livfulla skildringar av katastrofen lämnats i massmedia och litteraturen. En internationell haverikom- mission har utrett förhållandena kring olyckan. Ett antal myndigheter och orga- nisationer har lämnat rapporter om sin verksamhet i samband med olyckan. Ka- tastrofens storlek och det förhållande att ett estnisk fartyg förliste på internatio- nellt vatten, de flesta passagerarna var svenska och räddningsinsatserna leddes från Finland har försvårat faktainsamlingen kring händelseförlopp, räddnings- insatser och olyckans effekter.
    [Show full text]