Organisation Europeenne Pour La Recherche Nucleaire Larecherche Pour Europeenne Organisation

CERN-DG-RB-2012-425 / M-198 09/03/2012 Items Apologies Present DRAFT ______CERN ORGANISATION EUROPEENNE POUR LA RECHERCHE NUCLEAIRE LARECHERCHE POUR EUROPEENNE ORGANISATION

6. 5. 4. 3. 2. 1.

MINUTES OF THE 1

Any other business Any business other INTCReport2011 from the3-4 November meeting of Repor Report from the A Procedure ccelerator schedules ccelerator M. E. I. Antoniadis, F. Hemmer

Elsen, Ferro M. t from the meeting SPSC 25 of RESEARCH NUCLEAR FOR ORGANIZATION EUROPEAN Kowalska ESDAY WEDN ON HELD

LHCC , S. Myers , S. S. Bertolucci,S. P. BOARD RESEARCH CERN for 2012 for -Luzzi, R. Forty R. -Luzzi, 98 meeting th MEETING OF THE RESEARCH BOARD , E. Rondio, R. Rondio, 21-22 September of21-22

Bloch, Breuker H.

-26 October 30NOVEMBER (Secretary) Saban, E. CERN 2011 R. Heuer , R. 21 2011 Tsesmelis /DG/Research Boa /DG/Research , P. Butler, 2011

(Chair), P. (Chair), , C. P. C Vallée 12 January 2012 ollier, Minutes-198 d21-2 rd 2012-425 Janot, Janot,

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

1. PROCEDURE

1.1 The minutes of the last meeting [1] were approved without modification.

2. ACCELERATOR SCHEDULES FOR 2012

2.1 P. Collier presented the accelerator schedules for 2012 [2]. This will be the final year of the current LHC running period, before the long shutdown for consolidation work to allow the machine to approach its design energy. For this year the physics running is planned to start in April, most likely with an energy of 4 TeV per beam, and 50 ns bunch spacing, although the final decision will be taken following discussion at the Chamonix workshop at the beginning of February. The physics run will end with a month dedicated to ions in November, most likely in p-A configuration. The accelerators will then be off for 2013, with the injectors restarting in 2014, so that fixed-target physics and test beam will be available during that year, before the LHC restarts. M. Ferro-Luzzi commented that the LHC experiments may request optimisation of the details of the schedule to maximise the integrated luminosity before the summer conferences, and that his successor as LHC Programme Coordinator would collect input from the experiments ready for Chamonix.

2.2 The injector accelerator schedule sees the start of physics for CNGS, nTOF and ISOLDE in March, AD physics in April and North Area physics in May, running until 3 December. Six weeks of the run are devoted to sending ions to the North Area for NA61, scheduled to start at the end of August, and during that period test beams will be interrupted. The beam to CNGS will include some bunched beam running, for further investigation of the super-luminal effect presented by OPERA. This will most probably be around May after an initial high intensity period of running. In the current plan ISOLDE would receive about 80% of its requested beam, while DIRAC would receive over 90% of their request. S. Bertolucci suggested that any shortfall should be shared equally. C. Vallée commented that DIRAC is expected to present results from the current run before the SPSC will make a recommendation concerning their continued running in 2012, and at that point the need for the large number of spills requested by DIRAC will be scrutinised. The accelerator schedules were approved.

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

3. REPORT FROM THE LHCC MEETING OF 21-22 SEPTEMBER 2011

3.1 E. Elsen reported on the latest meeting of the LHCC [3]. The increase in luminosity of the LHC in the period up to the meeting (and beyond) had been very impressive, with effective Machine Development periods devoted to increasing the intensity per bunch, reducing the emittance, and focusing the beams to a β* of 1 m for the general-purpose experiments. LHCb was successfully supplied with luminosity leveled at their requested value, by adjusting the vertical offset of the beams. The luminosity has been determined with a precision of 3.5%. The decision had been taken to stay with 50 ns bunch spacing to optimize the luminosity delivered during the year, as the general-purpose detectors were able to handle the increased pile-up compared to 25 ns operation. The ALICE run had been affected by machine-induced background after solenoid polarity change. S. Myers commented that the cause of this had now been understood and would be solved.

3.2 E. Elsen then discussed some highlights of the rich physics harvest from the LHC experiments, presented at the summer conferences. These included the world’s most

precise measurement of Bs oscillations from LHCb, measurements of particle production ratios in Pb–Pb collisions from ALICE, top-quark mass measurement from ATLAS and top charge and mass asymmetries from CMS. No signal of physics beyond the Standard Model had yet been seen, and the range of possible mass for the Higgs boson was being significantly constrained, so that if it exists it would have to be light. TOTEM had run successfully with a β* of up to 90 m, and made a first measurement of the total cross-section.

3.3 Concerning the upgrades of the LHC experiments, the LHCC had heard a report on the ATLAS Insertable B-Layer (IBL) pixel detector. Two competing technologies (3D and planar) had been evaluated and both were considered by ATLAS to be mature and could be made to work within the envisioned time-frames and budgets. The LHCC has requested a document detailing the proposed hybrid plan which will be reviewed at the next session, with the goal of enabling a final LHCC recommendation. The upcoming LHC experiment upgrade sessions will also include discussion of the

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

Letter of Intent (LoI) for ATLAS Phase-1 upgrades, the Technical Design Report (TDR) for their Fast Tracker Trigger (FTK), the LoI for ALICE upgrades, a framework TDR for the upgrade activities of LHCb following their LoI, and a report on the CMS Pixel Detector TDR.

3.4 A Letter of Intent has been received for an experiment to test collimation in the LHC using bent crystals, named LUA9 (a development from UA9 at the SPS). The LHCC recognizes the potential of this technique, but is concerned about the possible impact of such an experiment on the operation of the machine. The studies will be confined to Machine Development periods. R. Heuer stressed that care should be taken to arrange this so as to avoid any significant disturbance to the routine operation of the LHC for physics. The Research Board took note.

4. REPORT FROM THE SPSC MEETING OF 25-26 OCTOBER 2011

4.1 C. Vallée reported on the latest meeting of the SPSC [3], including annual reports from NA60, NA49, NA61, NA63, UA9, CAST and OSQAR. NA60 and NA49 are continuing to exploit their data sets, and the SPSC recommends continued support for their data analysis.

4.2 NA61 has published the 2007 data on pion production in p-C collisions, and the SPSC looks forward to physics results from the 2009 data set. The committee recommends that adequate beam time is allocated in 2012 to allow for the completion of the energy scan with secondary light ions prior to the shutdown in 2013, and that full use is made of the ongoing development of primary light ion beams, with the aim of delivering a primary argon beam in 2014 and a primary xenon beam in 2015 [4].

4.3 NA63 has achieved progress in the analysis of the LPM magnetic suppression and structured target resonance data, and continues to publish their results. The experiment proposes to study positron production in a diamond by energetic electron impact and to study bremsstrahlung from ions [5]. P. Collier stated that the new North Area interlock system has not yet been installed, and as a result no primary ions are at present allowed in the North Area unless protons are at the same time prevented from entering the SPS. Given the accelerator schedule, primary ions for NA63 are therefore

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

not possible during 2012. The SPSC advises the collaboration to instead focus on the positron production in crystals in 2012, and encourages the collaboration to finalize the experimental setup. The proposal will be reviewed further before making a recommendation.

4.4 UA9 has achieved progress in both hardware and analysis, and has obtained encouraging proton and ion collimation results with crystal channeling. The SPSC supports the request by the collaboration for further beam time in 2012 at the level that has been provided in 2011.

4.5 CAST successfully concluded their 3He programme and published the first results. The SPSC is looking forward to the final publication of the 3He data. The collaboration is refurbishing key components of the set-up during shutdown for longer term operation and installing improved shielding on the micromegas detectors [6]. A further three-month 4He run of CAST is requested in 2012 to improve their sensitivity over a limited range of axion masses around 0.4 eV/c2. This was approved by the Research Board.

4.6 OSQAR has submitted first results of its regeneration experiment for publication. The collaboration plans to achieve in 2012 an improved axion search limit that will be competitive with recent results of the ALPS Collaboration. The Research Board approved the OSQAR run in 2012.

4.7 The SPSC received a Letter of Intent for a demonstration experiment in proton- driven plasma wake-field acceleration [7]. This has possible technological implications for future accelerators at CERN and elsewhere. The committee recognizes the opportunity to use the SPS beams for these studies, and encourages the collaboration to work towards a Technical Design Report in order to allow the technical feasibility, the timescale and the resources to be assessed within the overall CERN programme. The Research Board recognizes the interest of the research proposed, and endorses the recommendation to proceed to a TDR.

4.8 The ICARUS [8] and NESSIE [9] Collaborations have submitted proposals for experiments to study short-baseline neutrino oscillations at the PS. ICARUS propose to move their T600 liquid argon detector from Gran Sasso to act as the far detector,

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

and construct a new 150 tonne near detector using the same technology. The NESSIE proposal is to complement both near and far LAr TPCs with an OPERA-like muon spectrometer, to provide neutrino/antineutrino discrimination. The SPSC requests that for further review the efforts described in the two proposals should merge, and a common Technical Design Report be submitted. The Research Board endorsed this request, which should include a reassessment of the physics case, and the investigation of possible siting in the North Area.

4.9 The SPSC has received a proposal from the GBAR Collaboration to measure the gravitational behaviour of antihydrogen at rest. The committee acknowledges the physics motivation and the potential interest of the experimental techniques developed, and recognizes that the proposal fits well with the new possibilities of ELENA. The proposal will be further reviewed before a recommendation is made.

5. REPORT FROM THE INTC MEETING OF 3-4 NOVEMBER 2011

5.1 P. Butler reported on the latest meeting of the INTC [3]. Target and ion source developments included the first operation at ISOLDE of a helicon source for molecular beams, allowing the production of 17C as CO molecule, while the VADIS ion source increased five-fold the yields of Hg beams from a molten Pb target. Refractory Zr ions were produced from volatile molecules using LARIS. Concerning the preparation for HIE-ISOLDE, RF tests are ongoing and recommendations from the International Advisory Panel are being followed. A new design has been made for the superconducting RF cavity, and good progress is being made on cryomodule design. Highlights of the ISOLDE physics programme of 2011 were presented, with over 300 shifts delivered, an increase compared to the previous year. For nTOF, thanks to the earlier start and the higher intensity per pulse, the intensity request for the year was reached for the first time. The Research Board took note. Three nTOF and 11 INTC experiments were presented for approval, listed in the following paragraphs.

5.2 P304 Spin assignments of nuclear levels above the neutron binding energy in 88Sr [10] was approved for 4 × 1018 protons, and will continue to be known as nTOF18.

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

5.3 P309 Measurements of neutron-induced capture and fission reactions on 235U [11] was approved for 4 × 1018 protons, and will be known as nTOF19.

5.4 P310 Neutron capture cross section of 93Zr [12] was approved for 3 × 1018 protons, and will be known as nTOF20.

5.5 P242 Add.1 Search for new candidates for the neutrino-oriented mass determination by electron-capture [13] was approved for 5 shifts, and will continue to be known as IS473.

5.6 P305 Determination of the B(E3,0+ → 3-) strength in the octupole-correlated nucleus 144Ba using Coulomb excitation [14] was approved for 24 shifts, and will be known as IS523.

5.7 P306 Coulomb excitation of neutron-rich odd-A Cd isotopes [15] was approved for 6 shifts, and will be known as IS524.

5.8 P307 Study of multi-neutron emission in the beta-decay of 11Li [16] was approved for 19 shifts, and will be known as IS525.

5.9 P308 Proton resonance elastic scattering of 30Mg for single particle structure of 31Mg [17] was approved for 7 shifts, and will be known as IS526.

5.10 P311 Precision measurement of the half-life and branching ratio of the T = 1/2 mirror beta decay of 37K [18] was approved for 16 shifts, and will be known as IS527.

5.11 P312 Novel diagnostic and therapeutic radionuclides for the development of innovative radiopharmaceuticals [19] was approved for 21 shifts, and will be known as IS528.

5.12 P313 Spins, moments and charge radii beyond 48Ca [20] was approved for 15 shifts, and will be known as IS529.

5.13 P314 Properties of low-lying intruder states in 34Al and 34Si sequentially populated in beta-decay of 34Mg [21] was approved for 21 shifts, and will be known as IS530.

5.14 P316 Collinear resonant ionization spectroscopy for neutron rich copper isotopes [22] was approved for 10 shifts, and will be known as IS531.

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

5.15 P317 Seeking the purported magic number N = 32 with high-precision mass spectrometry [23] was approved for 21 shifts, and will be known as IS532.

6. ANY OTHER BUSINESS

6.1 As this was the last meeting that M. Ferro-Luzzi would be attending as LHC Programme Coordinator, he was warmly thanked for his excellent work in that role, during the challenging start-up phase of the accelerator.

6.2 The next meeting of the Research Board will be held on 29 February 2012. R. Heuer closed the meeting thanking the scientific committees for their successful work during the year, and offering best wishes for the end of year holiday.

ENCLOSURES

1. Minutes of the 107th LHCC meeting held on 21-22 September 2011 (LHCC-2011-010/LHCC-107).

2. Minutes of the 103rd SPSC meeting held on 25-26 October 2011 (SPSC-2011-041/SPSC-103).

3. Draft Minutes of the 41st INTC meeting held on 3-4 November 2011 (INTC-2011-058/INTC-041).

4. Accelerator schedule for 2012.

REFERENCES

[1] Minutes of the 197th meeting of the Research Board (CERN/DG/RB 2011-423/M197). [2] Accelerator schedule for 2012 (attached). [3] Presentations are attached to the agenda page: https://indico.cern.ch/conferenceDisplay.py?confId=161846 [4] NA61 status report (CERN-SPSC-2011-035; SPSC-SR-091). [5] NA63 status report (CERN-SPSC-2011-031; SPSC-P-327-Add.3). [6] CAST status report (CERN-SPSC-2011-034; SPSC- SR-090).

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

[7] LoI for a Demonstration Experiment in Proton-Driven Plasma Wakefield Acceleration (CERN-SPSC-2011-020; SPSC-I-240). [8] ICARUS proposal at the PS (CERN-SPSC-2011-012). [9] NESSIE proposal at the PS (CERN-SPSC-2011-030; SPSC-P-343). [10] Spin assignments of nuclear levels above the neutron binding energy in 88Sr (CERN- INTC-2011-030/INTC-P304). [11] Measurements of neutron-induced capture and fission reactions on 235U (CERN-INTC- 2011-045/INTC-P309). [12] Neutron capture cross section of 93Zr (CERN-INTC-2011-046/INTC-P310). [13] Search for new candidates for the neutrino-oriented mass determination by electron- capture (CERN-INTC-2011-035/INTC-P242 Add.1). [14] Determination of the B(E3,0+ → 3-) strength in the octupole-correlated nucleus 144Ba using Coulomb excitation (CERN-INTC-2011-030/INTC-P305). [15] Coulomb excitation of neutron-rich odd-A Cd isotopes (CERN-INTC-2011-040/INTC- P306). [16] Study of multi-neutron emission in the beta-decay of 11Li (CERN-INTC-2011- 042/INTC-P307). [17] Proton resonance elastic scattering of 30Mg for single particle structure of 31Mg (CERN-INTC-2011-044/INTC-P308). [18] Precision measurement of the half-life and branching ratio of the T = 1/2 mirror beta decay of 37K (CERN-INTC-2011-047/INTC-P311). [19] Novel diagnostic and therapeutic radionuclides for the development of innovative radiopharmaceuticals (CERN-INTC-2011-048/INTC-P312). [20] Spins, moments and charge radii beyond 48Ca (CERN-INTC-2011-049/INTC-P313). [21] Properties of low-lying intruder states in 34Al and 34Si sequentially populated in beta- decay of 34Mg (CERN-INTC-2011-050/INTC-P314). [22] Collinear resonant ionization spectroscopy for neutron rich copper isotopes (CERN- INTC-2011-052/INTC-P316). [23] Seeking the purported magic number N = 32 with high-precision mass spectrometry (CERN-INTC-2011-053/INTC-P317).

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

CERN/LHCC 2011-010 LHCC 107 14 October 2011

LARGE HADRON COLLIDER COMMITTEE

Minutes of the one-hundredth-and-seventh meeting held on Wednesday and Thursday, 21-22 September 2011

OPEN SESSION I - Status Reports

1. LHC Machine Status Report: Paul Collier 2. LHCb Status Report: Gaia Lanfranchi 3. ALICE Status Report: Michele Floris 4. ATLAS Status Report: Daniel Froidevaux 5. CMS Status Report: Darin Acosta 6. TOTEM Status Report and the First Measurement of the Total Cross-section: Karsten Eggert

CLOSED SESSION: Present: S. Bertolucci*, P. Bloch, A. Boehnlein, H. Breuker, J.-C. Brient, C. Cecchi, E. Elsen (Chairman), D. d’Enterria, M. Ferro-Luzzi, B. Gorini (Guest), G. Giudice, C. Hawkes, R. Heuer*, W. Kuehn, D. Macina, M. Mangano, S. Miscetti, T. Mori, A. Nomerotski, B. Panzer-Steindel, D. Pitzl, R. Roser, T. Sjöstrand, E. Tsesmelis (Scientific Secretary) * part-time Apologies: U. Bassler, M. Demarteau

1. PROCEDURE The minutes of the one-hundredth-and-sixth LHCC meeting (LHCC 2011-008 / LHCC 106) were approved. The Chairman warmly thanked F. Bedeschi, the outgoing member of the LHCC, for his contributions to the Committee and in particular for his dedicated engagement as a coordinator and referee for LHCb. The Chairman also welcomed the new members J.-C. Brient and S. Miscetti to the LHCC. He also announced that M. Demarteau has also joined the LHCC and he will be attending as of the December 2011 session. The Chairman welcomed B. Gorini as a special guest to the Closed Session.

2. REPORT FROM THE DIRECTOR FOR RESEARCH AND SCIENTIFIC COMPUTING The report from the Director for Research and Scientific Computing concentrated on issues related to the LHC. He reported on the outstanding performance of the LHC, including the rapid improvements in luminosity in 2011, the successful implementation

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

of luminosity levelling at LHCb and the record instantaneous and integrated luminosities, the latter having surpassed 3 fb-1 delivered to each of the experiments ATLAS and CMS. He stressed the importance of accumulating as much integrated luminosity by the end of the proton-proton physics run in October 2011. The proton-nucleus (pA) LHC run will be discussed in a common meeting between ALICE, ATLAS and CMS and a report will be provided to the LHCC. Preparations for the 2012 Chamonix LHC Performance Workshop are underway, at which input from the experiments for the 2012 running conditions will be sought. He also noted that the European Strategy Session has been moved back to mid-2013 in order to allow adequate time to advance the LHC physics analysis of the 2012 data-set and to allow for an extended period of data-taking after the T2K re-start.

3. REPORT FROM THE LHC PROGRAMME CO-ORDINATOR The LHCC heard a report from the LHC Programme Co-ordinator. He reported on the progress since the previous LHCC session, the machine and experiment issues and the schedule. The performance of the LHC machine has been outstanding delivering an integrated luminosity in excess of 3 fb-1 to each of the experiments ATLAS and CMS and setting a new record in the instantaneous luminosity of 3.3 × 1033 cm-2 s-1. Issues concerning the experiments that are currently under consideration and study include: a) the extended time required to implement the ALICE spectrometer magnet polarity reversal, b) the difficulty in having long fills of >8h with high luminosity, c) the increased machine background in ALICE, d) the observation of background in CMS, and e) the sporadic increase in pressure at the target dump TDI in interaction regions IR2 and IR8. The Co-ordinator also presented the draft LHC machine and experiment operation schemes for the last period of running in proton-proton collision mode in 2011, including the proposed strategy for the β*=90 m. runs for TOTEM and ALFA. The Co-ordinator also informed the LHCC that his mandate as LHC Programme Co-ordinator is coming to an end in December 2011, and will be replaced by new Co-ordinators coming from ATLAS and CMS.

4. DISCUSSION WITH ATLAS ATLAS continues to make rapid and impressive progress over the past three months since the last LHCC meeting. The accelerator has continued to exceed expectations in terms of its ability to deliver luminosity reliably after only a relatively short period of time. ATLAS continues to adapt gracefully to ever more demanding beam conditions with initial instantaneous luminosities now reaching 3.3 × 1033 cm-2 s-1 and as many as 20 interactions per crossing. The trigger systems are keeping up and the granularity of these sophisticated detectors and sophisticated reconstruction algorithms are able to cope with what is now in many ways the expected design condition. ATLAS had an impressive showing at the summer conference season with about 60 new results for the International Europhysics Conference on High Energy Physics and for the International Symposium on Lepton Photon Interactions at High Energies, which were highlighted by the ATLAS Higgs results and searches for physics beyond the Standard Model. The Committee was very pleased with the progress of the ATLAS experiment and found no significant areas of concern. The Committee congratulates ATLAS on its recent achievements. ATLAS has submitted 54 papers thus far in 2011 alone on collision data and made 138 conference notes available in that same time period. That can be compared with 16 papers in 2010. The highlights of the summer were the Higgs results with up to 2.3 fb-1 of data, in which it has ruled out at 95% C.L most of the high mass window between 146

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

and 470 GeV. The low mass channels (H→γγ, H→WW*→lνlν and H→ZZ*→ 4l) are sufficiently sensitive that ATLAS could be able to either exclude or find a Higgs from 114 GeV on up with the data expected by the end of 2012. ATLAS presented a wide range of search results for physics beyond the Standard Model and has set stringent limits on some SUSY models below 600 to 800 GeV. As for the Standard Model topics, ATLAS measured the top quark production cross-section with 7% uncertainty and the top quark mass to 1.6% uncertainty. The precision of the cross-section is already competitive with that at the Tevatron and the top quark mass is close behind. The referees note that the lack of enthusiasm for heavy flavor physics has put ATLAS behind in important + - analyses such as Bs→µ µ . With the impressive accelerator performance, the experiment is having now to cope with an average of 12 interactions/crossing and to handle as many as 20 interactions/crossing in some collisions. The reconstruction algorithms and physics algorithms are sufficiently sophisticated to make sense of these events and still maintain efficiency. In terms of overall detector performance, ATLAS is progressing very well. Minor issues have been identified, but in line with what may be expected with detectors as complicated as ATLAS and with the desire to always have a full working detector. ATLAS has a few minor issues that will be discussed below but nothing that is impacting the physics programme. At the time of the LHCC meeting, the machine has delivered a very impressive 3.3 fb-1 of data and ATLAS has >3 fb-1 on tape. Data taking efficiency is 94% for 2011 and the overall data quality for top physics (the most stringent since it requires all detector systems to be working well) is at 90%; while for less stringent analyses it can be as high as 98%. At the last LHCC meeting the referees reported that several detectors were experiencing high voltage trips at the highest store intensities. That has been much less of a problem this period even with the dramatic growth of instantaneous luminosity during this period. The Pixel Detector’s optical links have been troublesome for quite some time. The failures are still only in the read-out racks – none of the links on the detector have failed thus far. As a reminder, the working hypothesis is that it could be correlated with the number of cycles – and those optical links in the read-out racks distribute clock information and thus work much harder than those on the detector, which only send data. However, there is mounting evidence that the failures might be humidity related. The mitigation plan consists of removing the Pixel Detector in 2013 and replacing the existing Service Quarter Panels (SQPs) with new SQPs whose lay-out facilitates access to the optical links. Thus, if failures occurred inside the detector in the future, repairs could be made during the annual Technical Stop whereas now repairs are impossible. This solution comes with the risk of performing a very invasive procedure on what is still an excellent working detector system. ATLAS has therefore established a Task Force to perform a risk analysis with the goal of having an answer and making a decision on how to proceed by Summer 2012. As a reminder, there are additional upsides of performing this swap if it can be done well. The Pixel Detector currently has 97% of all channels operating. Two of those 3% of dead channels could be fixed. It would facilitate the installation of the Insertable B-Layer (IBL) because it could be done on the bench and not in the collision hall and currently at the highest expected luminosities, the “busy fraction” will be quite high. This could be mitigated by installing additional read-out fibers and Read-out

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

Drivers (RODs). Finally, if the SQPs are replaced, a diamond telescope could be installed as an additional handle on measuring the luminosity. The referees also noted that the LAr Calorimeter optical links had also been troublesome. These faulty links were replaced last winter and there have been no further problems, so this is a solved problem and will be removed from the LHCC “watch list”. The ALFA Roman Pots were installed last winter. Commissioning had begun but is still incomplete. The pots have been calibrated and interlocked. The drive system on one side operated fine and was commissioned. There was a fault with the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) controlling the pots on the other side. Rather than try to affect repair with beam in the machine (which could be risky) ATLAS decided to stop. Since then, the PLC has been replaced and it is now complete. ATLAS expects two LHC machine stores in September-October 2011, which it will use to get physics out of these devices. At the previous LHCC session, the LAr Calorimeter had a significant dead read-out region, with 1/64th of two layers being off due to a blown fuse in a clock distribution board. The experiment was able to devise some very clever fixturing with remote cameras which allowed them to make the repair in what was originally assumed to be in an inaccessible region. That problem is fixed and the LAr Calorimeter is working well. Over the summer, thunderstorms have caused a number of power glitches which have adversely affected the Tile Calorimeter. Currently, 3.5% of the 256 drawers are experiencing failures. The problem is mainly in the power supplies which have been known to be quite sensitive. The experiment has designed new supplies and has placed an order for 256 new ones to fix the entire detector in the 2013 shutdown. Up to 40 new power supplies from the pre-production are now in house. The plan will be to install these 40 in the 2011-2012 Technical Stop and to repair the broken drawers and make the most critical regions more resilient by upgrading those supplies. The trigger functioned well over the last few months. ATLAS had adopted a strategy where it held the trigger settings fixed for its summer conference data set to facilitate ease in analysis. Once that data set was established, the experiment tightened its single lepton trigger criteria in order to adapt to the increased instantaneous luminosity at the beginning of stores. The Level-1 trigger is operating consistently at 50-65 kHz and the plan will be to maintain it at that level for the foreseeable future. For 2011, the experiment is writing data to tape on average at 275 Hz but hits peaks of 500 Hz at the highest store luminosities. In terms of computing, the offline systems have been able to keep up with both data processing and reconstruction demands as well as the analysis efforts. Its flexible computing model continues to pay dividends. The experiment is now doing dynamic data placement – moving data where it is needed. In so doing, the experiment has also realized that the amount of data it is moving is less than expected – meaning people are focusing on certain popular data sets at the moment. The current data sample is sufficiently small that it can be easily moved to local machines and thus GRID computing is not fully used for analysis purposes. This will not be the case much into the future where analyzers will be forced to make more use of GRID services. As a result, computer usage patterns are still in flux and long term plans have to remain flexible until things stabilize further. ATLAS has requested a doubling of its Tier-0 CPU to deal with the increased reconstruction time as a result of increased pile-up. Further information on the ATLAS computing resource allocations will be available at the next meeting of the LHCC.

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

ATLAS is in the process of concluding its first and only major reprocessing of the 2011 data set in 2011. Over the course of the year it has improved tracking and muon alignment significantly. The reconstruction algorithms are improved as well as the pixel hit clustering algorithms. The reprocessing has been done in a few short weeks once all the validation checks have been performed. ATLAS expects this reprocessing campaign to be completed in early October 2011. Finally, in terms of upgrades, the LHCC took note of the IBL project as described in the Technical Design Report. The LHCC endorses the plans for early installation of the IBL detector. Significant progress has happened since the previous LHCC meeting. The experiment evaluated the two competing technologies (3D and planar) and deemed that both were very mature and both could be made to work within the envisioned timeframes and budgets. The experiment decided that the planar solution was more conservative and chose that as its default technology and will order sufficient sensors to complete the entire IBL. However, it proposed a hybrid plan where it would also make 25% of the overall sensors with 3D technology, which would be installed in the forward directions. 3D may offer better resolution in the beam direction and the experiment would like to get additional experience with this technology as it may be the technology for the Phase-2 Tracker upgrade. Given that this LHCC session was the first time the LHCC heard this plan, and since the plan remains undocumented, final approval was not granted for the hybrid solution. However, the Committee felt the approach is sensible and encouraged the experiment to continue with their detector development. The LHCC asked for a short document detailing the hybrid plan, which will be reviewed at the next LHCC session for final approval of the IBL project. The ATLAS Letter of Intent for the Phase-1 upgrade is still in progress. ATLAS expects to have a draft in our hand by year’s end. The Fast Tracker Trigger (FTK) was approved by the ATLAS experiment to proceed to the Technical Design Report phase. Final design, prototyping, and the complete Technical Design Report are presently planned to be completed by the end of 2012.

5. DISCUSSION WITH CMS The LHCC congratulates the CMS Collaboration for producing a rich set of public physics results. CMS has reached the mark of 100 publications and is completing the 2010 analyses while taking full advantage of the 2011 data set. Physics highlights include + − + − −8 a measurement of the Bs→µ µ branching ratio limit BR(Bs→µ µ )< 1.9×10 . This + − -8 result combined with the LHCb result yields BR(Bs→µ µ ) < 1.1×10 @ 95% CL, in good agreement with the Standard Model and expectations. There are baseline electroweak and top property measurements, excellent progress towards understanding and using τ leptons as analysis objects and numerous searches for exotica. Searches for Supersymmetry show strengthening exclusion limits, far exceeding the Tevatron exclusion contours. There is a focus on searches for Standard Model Higgs. The results presented in the LHCC Open Session underscore a good understanding of the detector and the plan and mechanisms are in place to perform these analyses on the complete 2011 data set in a timely way, including preparation to combine the full data set results with the comparable ATLAS results, which depending on the amount of luminosity in the complete data set could give the opportunity for a conclusive statement. CMS is coping well with the current running conditions with peak instantaneous luminosity of 3.3×1033 Hz/cm2 and average pile-up of 16 interactions per crossing. To

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

date, 2570 pb-1 of delivered luminosity has been certified, with 84% certified as golden and 91.2% as usable for muon physics. There is active progress on understanding the detector performance, leading to improvements in alignment, calibration and algorithms. Work on a run dependent Monte Carlo is in progress to simulate real detector conditions. The CMS detector channels are operating very stably, with the Preshower having a slight drop due to high leakage current for one sensor type and the effect of some faulty low voltage connectors. Studies of detector performance in most sub-systems are leading to improvements in alignment and calibration. In the tracking systems, radiation damage is compatible with expectations for the strips and pixels. The cooling plants and circuits leak rates remained stable. CMS presented the causes of lost luminosity. A single incident with the cooling system accounted for 36% of the total downtime corresponding to a 100 pb-1 loss of luminosity. This incident was the result of a chain of failures, caused initially by human error, compounded by an artificially low threshold on a dew point alarm. When the rack circuit was restarted, an expansion valve became blocked opened, which triggered an error in the control software that stopped the circuit again and resulting in temperature alarms. The decision was taken to stop data taking, to diagnose and repair the problems. Corrective actions (including general review of procedures and fixing the control software) have already been implemented to avoid any other similar incident. For the trigger system, CMS is running at ~80 kHz at Level-1 and at ~400 Hz at the output of the High Level Trigger (HLT) with dead time 3-4% at current peak luminosity with HLT-CPU load around 75%. There is stronger pile-up dependence than originally predicted, affecting primarily the triggers that use scalar sums and multi-jets. Studies are ongoing to develop pile-up corrections to enable running at higher luminosities. Generally speaking the predictions for the computing parameters such as event size is very close to the estimates for 2011 with a few understood variations caused by the unexpected pile-up. Release 4_2 was deployed at Tier-0 at the end of April 2011, providing a robust and stable version for physics. The reconstruction time is about 20% higher than expected, and has a current 50% CPU utilization at the Tier-0 due to memory constraints on the nodes. Release 4_4 will be validated for use at Tier-0. This release includes code speed improvements, tracking improvements to cope with higher pile-up and a reduction in memory usage. The full 2011 data set will be reprocessed with Release 4_4. Preparations for the 2011 heavy-ion run are well advanced. Luminosities are expected to be 10 times greater compared to 2010 and CMS expects to take up to 3 kHz of PbPb collisions, with a HLT output of ~200 Hz. CMS is preparing and testing an appropriate trigger configuration. Zero suppression will be done at the Front-Ends (Electromagnetic Calorimeter / Hadronic Calorimeter HCAL) and in the HLT (Strip Tracker) farm, with a total expected raw data volume of 250 TB RAW data. The prompt data reconstruction will take place at the Tier-0, RAW data will be shipped to FNAL for permanent storage, reconstructed at the dedicated Tier-2 facility at Vanderbilt University, and data analysis will proceed at participating Tier-2 centres. A detailed status of progress towards the upgrades was presented. The beam pipe diameter is fixed at 43.6 mm and the design has been reviewed by the LHC machine group with a decision to go forward with the tender with a target installation in 2014, thus gaining the flexibility to install the upgraded Pixel Detector during a short shutdown around 2016.

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

Progress on the construction and electronics for the Muon Systems is good for installation in the first long shutdown (LS1), although there is one point of concern. While construction of the 4th station of Cathode Strip Chambers (CSCs) is progressing with an assembly factory at CERN producing prototypes, there are delays caused by failure of delivery of the panel materials that has led to a cancellation of the contract. The next order for the panels will have to be expedited and it is possible that to meet the schedule the factory production rate will have to be accelerated relative to the original plans. CMS will host an upgrade workshop in November 2011 with the goals of building detailed project schedules with milestones and costing profiles for the upgrades planned for installation by 2016. The individual project schedules will be integrated into an overall schedule that will show the dependences between projects and enable the adjudication of conflicts. The workshop will also consider the upgrade landscape after 2020. The progress presented follows the Upgrade Technical Proposal (LHCC-P-004) which sets the overall frame for the upgrade projects. The November 2011 workshop will set the groundwork for detailed Technical Design Reports delivered by summer 2012 for the proposed Pixel Detector, HCAL and Trigger upgrades. These Technical Design Reports will include more comprehensive physics case studies. The LHCC appreciates the transparency of the overall upgrade activities of CMS. The LHCC acknowledges the consolidation activities for the muon detectors and the forward hadronic calorimeters. The LHCC is looking forward to the Technical Design Reports for the Pixel Detector, HCAL, and Trigger upgrades for which intense R&D is under way.

6. DISCUSSION WITH TOTEM The LHCC congratulates TOTEM for the first measurement of the total cross-section, obtained from data collected in June 2011 during a special run with β*=90m. The measurement relies on the optical theorem, the extrapolation of the differential elastic rate at t=0, and the luminosity determination by CMS. Thanks to the excellent detector performance, and to robust studies of alignment, optics, acceptance, and backgrounds amongst other parameters, the systematic uncertainty, of the order of 3%, is dominated by the luminosity uncertainty. The next step in TOTEM's physics programme is therefore the "luminosity independent" measurement of the total cross-section. For this, the elastic rate at small-t must be complemented with the determination of the total inelastic rate. Having completed the commissioning of the T1 and T2 Telescopes, and their integration with the Roman Pot stations at 220m (RP220) in a complete trigger and DAQ system, the measurement of the inelastic rate will be possible during a new run with β*=90m. A dedicated run, of at least 5 hours of data-taking with the vertical RP220 detectors positioned at 5σ from the beam, is scheduled for this purpose at the end of September 2011. An additional special run with β*=90m is requested for October 2011. This should allow the alignment of the Roman Pot stations at 147m (RP147), and provide data necessary for the measurement of diffractive phenomena. For 2012, TOTEM envisages the possibility of special runs with β* values as large as possible, in the range of several hundred metres and up to a kilometre. This would enable elastic scattering measurements near the region of Coulomb interference, and a possible

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

measurement of the ρ parameter. The Committee will review this request next year, when the planning of LHC operations will be defined. The LHCC welcomes the information that discussions have started between TOTEM and CMS to identify opportunities for joint triggering and data-taking, and looks forward to concrete steps leading to common measurements in the area of diffraction already in 2012. RECOMMENDATION: The Committee endorses the request for an additional special run with β*=90m for October 2011, but recommends that, should the possibly limited machine time become an issue, priority must be given to the completion of the diffractive physics programme with the T1 and T2 Telescopes over the alignment of RP147.

7. TEST BEAMS The PS and SPS Physics Co-ordinator reported on the LHC test beams. The PS and SPS beams have been running well and there were no issues of concern to report. Planning for 2012 is under preparation, with the call for beam requests to be made at the beginning of October 2011 and with a deadline for submission in mid-December 2011. Given the number of potential users in 2012 and the first Long Shutdown (LS1) in 2013-2014, there is expected to be a high demand for beam time in 2012.

8. DISCUSSION WITH LHCb The LHCC is very much impressed by the suite of high quality physics results presented at the summer conferences and the Committee congratulates the LHCb Collaboration for this achievement. LHCb continues to use the luminosity leveling method (lateral displacement of intersecting proton beams) to limit the average number of interactions <μ> below a value of <μ>=1.5 and a luminosity of 3.5 × 1032 cm-2 s-1. This value is considerably higher than the original value of 2 × 1032 cm-2 s-1 and represents a good compromise for manageable event topologies for the trigger and high efficiency at a bunch spacing of 50 ns. Values of <μ>=2.5 have been explored. Some 865 pb-1 have been collected and LHCb continues to optimise the luminosity; however, while small improvements may be possible no significant increase should be expected for the current system. More than 1 fb-1 total are to be expected by the end of the year 2011. The availability of the detector components typically exceeds 98% and is often better. LHCb uses a stringent requirement on the availability of all components and hence quotes an overall efficiency for data-taking and quality at 90%; some 4% of the remainder are attributed to genuine dead-time of the data-taking (at 3 kHz); another 4% arise from the DAQ itself and the rest can be associated with safety precautions for the Vertex Locator (VELO) detector and high voltage system. LHCb is very interested in the forthcoming run with 25 ns bunch spacing that will reveal the amount of spillover from preceding bunches. The longer fills increase the data collection efficiency. LHCb continues to observe high current drawn in some of the Hybrid Photon Detectors (HPDs) of the Ring Imaging Cherenkov (RICH) system due to ion feedback. The HPDs are replaced whenever possible; faulty ones are preferably placed at the detector edges so that the physics impact is small. Unfortunately, some of the replaced HPDs have to be substituted again. The five faulty HPDs in the RICH-1 detector will require an access during the 2011-2012 Technical Stop. At the same time a low voltage board can also be replaced. The carbon box foreseen to separate the active gas (C4F10) in the RICH from the aerogel volume is due for gas tightness checks in the coming weeks. Aging effects of

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

the Electromagnetic Calorimeter (ECAL) are observed and monitored while the Outer Tracker is simply monitored for potential such effects. The monitoring is performed either with radioactive sources or with the data (π0 in the Electromagnetic Calorimeter). Up to now there is no detrimental effect on resolution. LHCb has presented a wealth of results at the summer conferences, which were typically -1 based on 300 pb of collision data. Many results concerning Bs-physics are now the world's best and the Bd results are very competitive. Two channels are particularly + - sensitive for new physics: the LHCb limit on Bs→µ µ decays is within a factor five of the expected Standard Model rate; the precise phase analysis of CPV in Bs→J/ψ φ and Bs→J/ψ f0 yields a value for φs that resolves uncertainties arising from earlier data from the Tevatron. The RICH detector figures highly in resolving rare hadronic B-decays. Important contributions on the measurement of the CKM parameter γ can be expected. Baryon spectroscopy has just begun and is already very competitive. To date ten papers have been published in refereed journals, seven papers are in collaboration-wide review and 17 analyses presented at the summer conferences will be turned into publications. The LHCC notes with pleasure the increase in physics publications and encourages the collaboration to swiftly finalize the results presented at the summer conferences 2011 before they may be superseded by the higher statistics available towards the end of the year. The LHCb Collaboration has formed a Steering Panel to investigate and oversee the organization of the upgrade plans that were introduced with the Letter of Intent in March 2011. Overall co-ordination will be provided by the upgrade co-ordinator. However, the three specific areas of tracker & tracking, particle identification and data processing & trigger will be guided by one or two representatives that interact closely with the existing technical working groups. Such a structure is expected to generate minimum overhead and efficiently taps the expertise of the existing working groups without disrupting current data-taking. The overall schedule foresees the organization and implementation of the R&D projects within the collaborating institutes in 2011/2012 and a Technical Design Report in 2013. The installation of the upgrade detector is planned for the second Long Shutdown (LS2) in 2018, which will then enable the collaboration to run efficiently in the high luminosity phase of the LHC.

9. DISCUSSION WITH ALICE The LHCC congratulates the ALICE Collaboration for the operation of the detector during the current LHC beam period and for the exploitation of the PbPb data collected in 2010. Four papers have been published since the last LHCC session and 28 publications are currently in preparation. During the Strange Quark Matter Conference in September 2011, 28 talks have been presented by ALICE. New results both from proton-proton interactions and PbPb collisions have been shown, including the observation of multi-strange baryons, light hypernuclei, heavy flavour production, open charm and J/ψ flow. Recently, ALICE is experiencing severe problems due to bad vacuum conditions occurring once the beam intensity exceeds a critical threshold. Beam scrubbing has helped to a certain extent, but after a reversal of the ALICE magnet polarity the situation worsened again. For background rates above 500 kHz, the ALICE detector must be turned off. Therefore, for further operation of ALICE in proton-proton collision mode, it is crucial that the vacuum situation at high luminosities be improved. The LHCC requests

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

a quantitative assessment of the observed rates in the Time Projection Chamber (TPC) and the relation to the vacuum pressure at and around the interaction region IR2. A beam loss accident on 28 July 2011 led to major damage to the Silicon Drift Detector (SDD) injector circuits used to calibrate the drift speed. However, calibration is still possible using the remaining circuits combined with alternative calibration methods. The cooling problem for the Silicon Pixel Detector (SPD) is slowly becoming worse, with only 68% of the halve staves currently operating. During the 2011-2012 Technical Stop, an attempt will be made to clean the filters employing an ultrasonic probe. Removing the high voltage capacitors where accessible has solved the TPC problem that had been extensively discussed during the June 2011 LHCC meeting. This reduces the stored charge and avoids damage to the front-end electronics. For the inaccessible channels, the high voltage has been reduced by 70V in order to avoid damage until the capacitors can be removed. There is only negligible degradation of dE/dx performance due to the increased cross-talk without the capacitors. For the Muon System, the alignment is improving with a current mass resolution at the Upsilon resonance of 150 MeV (approaching the expected 100 MeV). Downtime for the read-out is observed, due to locking-up of the CROCUS circuits for unknown reasons. This is an ongoing problem and the Committee requests a presentation from the experts to assess the situation in more detail during the November 2011 LHCC ALICE pre- meeting. The status of the High Level Trigger (HLT) was discussed. Considerable progress has been achieved during the summer, with significant upgrades of computing power and bandwidth. Stable operation with an efficiency > 95% has been observed and the system is now in its final verification stage. It is expected to be operational during the remaining proton-proton run time. Plans for the heavy-ion running were discussed. The ALICE HLT will be used and the integrated luminosity is expected to be increased by an order of magnitude compared to the PbPb run in 2010. There are severe constraints on the available run time due to requirements from the LHC schedule (commissioning of the ALICE squeeze, technical stop, and the collimation quench limit measurement). Before PbPb running, a feasibility study of p-Pb collisions will be done as a part of machine development. Finally, the Committee discussed the upgrade plans currently under study by ALICE. Four main projects are considered: (i) the Forward Calorimeter (FoCal), a high granularity electromagnetic calorimeter at large pseudorapidities, (ii) an Inner Tracking System (ITS) upgrade, (iii) a forward muon tracker improving the momentum resolution and (iv) the Very High Momentum Particle Identification (VHMPID) detector, a RICH detector for particle identification at high momenta. ALICE presented timelines for the related studies, involving an internal Letter of Intent for each project, discussing the physics case, feasibility and required resources. The internally approved projects will be part of the Phase I Upgrade Letter of Intent to be presented to the LHCC in spring 2012.

10. REPORT AND DISCUSSION WITH LHC EXPERIMENT UPGRADE REFEREES The LHCC heard a report from the LHC experiment upgrade referees, concentrating on the new 10-year LHC plan, the upgrade plans for ATLAS and CMS and the status of the LHC injector upgrades. The 10-year LHC plan, unchanged from the previous LHCC session, consists of substantial running periods in 2011-2022, interspersed with Technical Stops over the

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

winter months and a first Long Shutdown (LS1) in 2013-2014, a second Long Shutdown (LS2) in 2018 and installation of the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) during a third Long Shutdown (LS3) in 2022. The LHCC noted the LHC luminosity profile for the years up to 2030 and the corresponding requirements for detector upgrades for the experiments. The LHCC heard a report on the ATLAS upgrade plans, concentrating on the Insertable B-Layer (IBL) Pixel Detector and the Letter of Intent for the Phase-1 upgrade. As reported in Section 4 (Discussion with ATLAS), ATLAS evaluated two competing technologies (3D and planar) and deemed that both were very mature and both could be made to work within the envisioned timeframes and budgets. The LHCC asks for a short document detailing the hybrid plan which will be reviewed at the next LHCC session, with the goal to enable a final LHCC recommendation. An Addendum to the IBL Technical Design Report is under preparation to take into account the main technical changes to the IBL detector design and to provide an update on the detector and physics performance. Installation of the IBL is now scheduled for LS1 in 2013-2014. ATLAS is also preparing for submission in December 2011 a Letter of Intent covering the planned upgrades for Phase-1. The draft ATLAS Fast Tracker Trigger (FTK) Technical Design Report will be made available for the December 2011 session of the LHCC. The referees also reported on progress with the CMS upgrade for Phase-1, concentrating on the Muon System, the Hadron Calorimeter, the Trigger/DAQ, the new central experimental beam pipe and new Pixel Detector. Good progress was reported in these projects, although there is one point of concern related to the Cathode Strip Chambers (CSCs). As discussed in Section 5 (Discussion with CMS), construction of the 4th station of the CSCs is progressing with an assembly factory at CERN producing prototypes. Delays incurred by failure of delivery of the panel materials led to a cancellation of the contract. A new design of the central experimental beam pipe with an inner diameter of 43.6 mm has been accepted by the LHC machine group. The order will be placed soon with the aim to install it in January 2014. Preparations for the new Pixel Detector are underway and the corresponding Technical Design Report will be available in March 2012. The Committee also heard a report on the LHC Injector Upgrade schedule. Under detailed consideration is the LINAC4 commissioning and connection to the Proton Synchrotron Booster (PSB), together with the modifications and commissioning of the PSB, will lead to first operation of the new injection complex for the LHC in 2015. The upcoming LHC experiment upgrade sessions will include a discussion of the ATLAS Phase-1 upgrades Letter of Intent, the presentation of the ATLAS FTK Tracker, the ALICE upgrades Letter of Intent (which will be available in December 2011), progress in the upgrade activities of LHCb and a report on the CMS Pixel Detector Technical Design Report. The LHCC will consider in future sessions the common issue of silicon radiation damage.

11. REPORT AND DISCUSSION WITH THE W-LCG REFEREES Since the June 2011 LHCC Session, the W-LCG has been running remarkably smoothly, allowing the experiments to record and process data at high rates and produce large samples of simulated data. At the same time many analyses have been completed to give results for the summer conferences, in several cases including data recorded only a few weeks before the conference. The Committee congratulates the W-LCG team and the experiments on this impressive performance.

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

The W-LCG referees met with Ian Bird and computing representatives from the four main experiments on Tuesday 20 September, together with several members of the Computing Resources Scrutiny Group (CRSG). Each experiment had recently submitted reports to the CRSG on their usage of computing resources so far in 2011. They presented summaries of these reports in this meeting and also commented on any developments since the April Resource Review Board (RRB) meeting that would affect their requests for future resources, although these are still preliminary and need to be scrutinized by the CRSG. ALICE has recorded 1.69 PB of data in 2011. Efficiency of CPU usage continues to be a problem because of spikes in the required memory allocation per core. While organized simulation and reconstruction jobs are under control, user analysis jobs have an average efficiency of only 35%. There are several causes and remedies have been developed to mitigate the problem. Basic data parameters are as expected, except for a substantial reduction in the reconstruction time and the raw data size for the PbPb data, with further reduction possible. The projected data storage requirements for 2011 are close to what were requested for disk and somewhat lower for tape. Assuming a similar LHC running schedule and duty cycle in 2012, the requests for resources in 2012 and 2013 are considerably higher. Compared to the requests made in April 2011, the tape storage at Tier-1 has decreased and the disk storage requests have increased, including at Tier-0. Since ALICE computing is dominated by the heavy-ion data recorded near the end of each year, the Tier-0 resources must be available in January of the following year for the first reconstruction of these data. There is a large shortfall in resources pledged and available compared to the ALICE requests. To live within their means ALICE could rely more on tape storage, with data copied to disk when required, and ALICE continues to use the GEANT3 software for simulation, because the more accurate GEANT4 is four times slower. This has an impact on data analysis and the Monte Carlo systematic uncertainties. ATLAS has made changes to cope with the demands of high pile-up and limited computing resources, driven by the physics goals. The mean number of interactions per bunch crossing, <μ>, has increased from 6.3 earlier in 2011, with β*=1.5m, to <μ>=11.6 with β*=1.0m. The reconstruction code has been optimized and the event size reduced to lower the rate of increase with <μ>, and work continues to reduce the CPU time required for simulation. The data distribution policy has been modified to use dynamic data placement, and physics analyses now use only derived and reduced data formats. Compared to what was expected for 2011, event sizes and disk usage have been lower, allowing a mean trigger rate of 275 Hz to be maintained (higher than the baseline 200 Hz), but up to 400-475 Hz at the start of fills. ATLAS is motivated to carry on running at 300-400 Hz at higher luminosities, with continued optimization to meet the physics goals. The Collaboration requests to increase its CPU resources at Tier-0 in 2012, to handle the increased luminosity and pile-up expected and to adapt to fit within the other resource limitations. CMS trigger rates and event sizes in 2011 are much as expected, except that the reconstruction time is about 20% higher and increasing with pile-up. The memory requirements of the reconstruction code are higher because of the pile-up, resulting in a low CPU utilization efficiency when some nodes run out of memory. Installation of new CPU resources has mitigated this problem, and a new software release should improve the situation. Simulation production is a little ahead of schedule and data reprocessing

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

will begin soon. The transition to using Analysis Object Data (AOD) samples for user analysis is going well. The CMS request for CERN disk in 2012 has been increased to allow a higher fraction of the more recent AOD to be kept on disk. CMS believes this would allow more efficient use of its CERN CPU resources for analysis during periods when the LHC is not running. The details of the requests depend on the parameters for the 2012 LHC running, which are not yet known. In 2011 LHCb has been running with luminosity levelling and recording data at a fairly constant trigger rate of 3 kHz as expected. Data volumes and processing times have also been as expected, making full use of the LHCb computing resources. Some Tier-2 sites have been commissioned for reprocessing data, so that this can be done in parallel with the processing of new data at Tier-1 sites. A continuous, aggressive policy of cleaning up old data files from disk is required to make room for new and reprocessed data samples. There is a shortfall in the available disk resources relative to that pledged. Unless this can be found (not necessarily at CERN) then the new simulation production will have to be delayed until there is room to store the data. A problem with high memory demands in stripping jobs has been resolved by dropping the use of the POOL persistency package and using ROOT directly. The referees were also told about the working groups that have been established to plan the evolution of the Grid, taking into account the experience and understanding gained so far, the developments in technology and the needs to reduce operational effort and maintain long term support. The large increases in resources requested by the experiments at Tier-0 mean that in 2012, for the first time, the total Tier-0 budget will not be sufficient to satisfy all the demands. This is not just a financial constraint. The power and space available in Tier-0 are also limited, so a higher rate of growth has implications for the timescale when a new Tier-0 will be required. If the increased resource requests are justified then the CERN IT Department will need guidance on how to share the available resources among the experiments. The Committee encourages the experiments to reconsider their requests and to reduce the demands on Tier-0 when and where possible. In cases where requests greatly exceed the available funding a more radical change in computing model may be required in order to remain viable. This might require a more prioritized approach to data processing, with compromises in the speed at which some channels can be analyzed.

12. LHC COLLIMATION WITH BENT CRYSTALS LETTER OF INTENT The LHCC had received a Letter of Intent for an experiment for beam collimation at the LHC at its previous meeting - LHC Collimation with Bent Crystals Letter of Intent (CERN-LHCC-2011-007 / LHCC-I-019) proposed by the LUA9 Collaboration. At that meeting it became clear that irrespective of the benefits of such an experiment there would be considerable impact on the LHC machine, which had to be clarified. R. Schmidt from the machine group gave an assessment at this meeting, which is summarized below. There has been considerable progress in beam collimation using bent crystals since the start of such experiments 20 years ago. The studies at the SPS - while not finished - indicate that it may well be feasible to bend even the low emittance LHC beam. An experiment thus seems worthwhile and moreover would profit from the superb beam instrumentation at the LHC. Experiments at the LHC are necessary to verify the alignment stability over time and to verify the bending efficiency. Possible future

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

applications of the bent crystal scheme abound: including beam halo cleaning and slow extraction. In particular, the beam-interaction dominated backgrounds in the cleaning section could be filtered out and be directed to a well designed high power dump instead of being distributed around the entire ring - a clear benefit for the radiation protection scheme. On the other side, it is well understood that bent crystals will only work under stable beam conditions and hence will never replace a full power collimation system and nor introduce a reduction of the machine impedance. It is paramount that any device introduced into the LHC beams requires a careful design of an associated machine protection scheme. The effects of asynchronous dumps must be assessed and magnet quenches must be excluded. The secondary effects of crystal destruction must be studied. The betatron phase for the crystal must respect the phase advance from the kicker during operation. With all the protection in place crystal collimation experiments do not represent an unacceptable risk for the machine for low intensity beams. It is understood that high intensity beam studies would require special preparation at a later phase. The current LHC collimation system is working well with high intensity beams at 3.5 TeV. It remains to be seen whether the operation will be stretched for high energy operation and hence it will be beneficial to have additional tools at hand. Examples of these are collimation with a hollow electron beam as exercised at the Tevatron. The timelines of the proposal are too ambitious and will have to be revised. The manpower count and engagement seems very large and needs to be re-addressed. The operation at the highest energies is particularly interesting. On the other hand, experiments that can be carried out at the SPS should rather be brought forward there. Examples of these are crystal destruction tests. The LHCC expresses its appreciation for the careful assessment of the Letter of Intent from the machine experts. The LHCC recognizes the potential of crystal collimation for high-energy beam manipulation. Tests of bent crystals at the LHC should be carried out with uttermost care not to compromise the luminosity goals of the machine. The LHCC recognizes that a few machine development shifts will have to be set aside to enable the setting-up of the experiments and testing of the protection system, albeit considerably less than originally proposed. However, once these tests have been carried out the crystal collimation group should strive to carry out the experiments "parasitically", i.e. in a fashion that compromises the operation of the machine in a minimum possible way.

RECOMMENDATION:

The LHCC recommends that the LUA9 Collaboration carry out beam bending experiments using crystals at the LHC to explore those aspects that unavoidably necessitate the instrumentation and properties of the LHC beams. These experiments ultimately fall under the responsibility of the machine group who will control the protection aspects and operation. Such experiments should be carried out during machine development shifts and predominantly jointly with other machine development exercises to minimize the temporal impact. The LHCC wishes to be informed about the progress of the experimental planning and the results as they emerge from the runs.

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

13. CLOSE-OUT WITH THE DIRECTOR-GENERAL

The LHCC informed and discussed with the Director-General the status of the experiments and their plans for the future. Amongst the issues discussed were the LHC machine and experiment status, possible limitations in the Tier-0 computing site, the LHC experiment upgrade plans and progress toward operation at 25 ns. bunch spacing.

14. REFEREES

The LHCC referee teams are as follows: ALICE: J.-C. Brient, D. D’Enterria, W. Kuehn (Co-ordinator) ATLAS: U. Bassler, C. Cecchi, D. Pitzl, R. Roser (Co-ordinator) CMS: A. Boehnlein (Co-ordinator), T. Mori, A. Nomerotski LHCb: E. Elsen (Co-ordinator ad interim), C. Hawkes, S. Miscetti, T. Sjöstrand TOTEM, LHCf, MoEDAL: U. Bassler, C. Cecchi, D. D’Enterria, M. Mangano LCG: A. Boehnlein, J.-C. Brient, C. Hawkes (Co-ordinator), T. Mori, T. Sjöstrand Experiment Upgrades: Co-ordinator: D. Pitzl RD39: D. Pitzl RD42: A. Nomerotski RD50: A. Nomerotski RD51: W. Kuehn

15. The LHCC received the following documents:

- Minutes of the one-hundred-and-sixth meeting held on Wednesday and Thursday, 15- 16 June 2011 (LHCC-2011-008 / LHCC 106)

16. DATES FOR LHCC MEETINGS

Dates for 2011 7-8 December

Dates for 2012 21-22 March 13-14 June 26-27 September 5-6 December

Emmanuel Tsesmelis E–mail: LHCC.Secretary@cern.ch Tel. 78949, 164057

LHCC Secretariat: Morna Robillard (Bldg. 3/R-012) Tel. 73224 [email protected]

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

MINUTES on the 103rd Meeting of the SPSC Held on Tuesday 25 October and Wednesday 26 October 2011

OPEN SESSION 1. Status and plans of the NA61 experiment Marek Gazdzicki

2. Status and plans of the NA63 experiment Ulrik Uggerhoej

3. Status and plans of the CAST experiment Ester Ferrer-Ribas

4. Status and plans of the OSQAR experiment Pierre Pugnat

5. Status and plans of the UA9 experiment Walter Scandale

6. A proposal to measure the gravitational Patrice Perez behaviour of antihydrogen at rest CLOSED SESSION Present: S. Bertolucci, P. Bloch, H. Breuker, M. Charlton, O. Cremonesi, A. Denig, L. Falk1), L. Favart, L. Feld, E. Gallo2), L. Gatignon, S. Maury, B. Panzer-Steindl, L. Ramello, C. Rembser (scientific secretary), E. Rondio, N. Severijns, A. Specka2), C. Touramanis, C. Vallée (Chair), U. Wiedemann, I. Wingerter-Seez 1) Present on Wednesday only; 2) present on Tuesday only

Apologies: P. Collier, M. Gonin

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

1. MINUTES OF THE 102nd MEETING OF THE SPSC HELD ON 28 JUNE AND 29 JUNE 2011

The minutes of SPSC102 were approved (CERN-SPSC-2011-027, SPSC-102).

2. CHAIRMAN’S REPORT FROM RB197

The Chairman reported on the Research Board (RB) meeting, RB197. The following points were presented and, where necessary, discussed:

1) The SPSC reported about the progress of OPERA in data analysis and publication of results, as well as on updated projections for ντ observation, and its encouragements for further timely analysis of the data.

2) The SPSC congratulated the ICARUS Collaboration for bringing its Liquid Argon (LAr) TPC in stable operation and for its good progress in automatic reconstruction of events, and expressed its wish to see physics results soon.

3) The new COMPASS spin and spectroscopy results on the 2007-2009 data as well as efficient data taking in 2010 were reported. The updated plans for 2012, including Primakoff and exploratory DVCS measurements, were presented and the corresponding data taking was recommended.

4) The SPSC shortly presented the DREAM request to be registered as a CERN RD project and expressed its positive recommendation.

5) The LOI for Proton Driven Wakefield Acceleration was presented together with the main points to be reviewed before recommendation.

6) The SPSC summarised the feedback of the experiments on the various options considered for the long LHC shutdown. The Committee expressed its concern about the potential impact of this shutdown on the CERN Fixed Target program and recommended operation of the LHC injectors in 2014 to provide data to the experiments.

The Research Board noted points 1), 2), 5) and 6). The RB endorsed point 3), with an amount of COMPASS data taking to be optimized together with the overall Fixed Target programme. The RB also endorsed point 4), with DREAM being labelled as RD52 and to be reviewed by the SPSC in the future.

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

3. STATUS OF ACCELERATORS

S. Maury reported on the operation of the accelerators. The performance of the injector accelerators during 2011 was very good and high beam availability has been achieved for all experiments and beam tests. Common downtime for all machines during the last months was mainly caused by intermittent electrical glitches due to thunderstorms or damaged power cables of the 18kV power line. For other singular faults, like faults of splitter magnets, corroded connectors or pipes, a temporary repair was done in a number of cases and a thorough repair is scheduled for the winter shutdown. On 7 October 2011 the total integrated intensity on the nTOF target passed 1.55x1019 protons, the goal for 2011, and on 26 October 2011 the integrated number of protons in 2011 on the CNGS target exceeded 4.7x1019 protons, which exceeds 4.5x 1019 protons expected for 2011. LINAC2 and Booster were operating at very high efficiencies without major problems. Also the PS run went very smoothly, recurring problems with cavities, in particular the 10 MHz cavities, are under investigation. As the PS is continuously providing high intensity beams, e.g. for CNGS, the number of radiation alarms has doubled compared to the number in 2010. The new main-magnets power converter of the PS (POPS) was restarted after modification work early August. Caused by insufficient quality of a material used for electric contacts at some parts of the power converters, the POPS was stopped again and the contacts were modified. It is expected that the POPS will resume operation mid of November 2011. The SPS was delivering beams to CNGS and the North Area with high efficiency, reaching 81% of efficiency for the fixed target experiments and 82% for CNGS since July 2011. The main reasons for interruptions were caused by downtime of the injectors (LINAC, Booster and PS), by vacuum leaks in the SPS beam splitter zone and a main SPS dipole. The CNGS beam line efficiency suffered from a problem with the power supply of the horn and reflector which required to be operated with reduced current for a couple of weeks before the issue was fixed. The Injectors and Experimental Facilities Committee (IEFC) discussed possibilities to study systematic effects of the accelerators and CNGS beam line which might effect the measurement of the neutrino velocity performed by the OPEARA experiment. The committee initiated a study to send an LHC-type

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

bunched beam to the CNGS target, which will provide a precise timing for each extraction onto the target. Since the repair of a vacuum leak at an ion pump, the AD is operating very well and an uptime of the AD machine of 100% has been reached in the last two weeks. The decelerator is prepared and ready to send beam to the AEGIS experiment at the end of this month. In September the first meeting of the ELENA community took place initiating the discussion and planning of the profiles for manpower and budgets together with the CERN Department representatives. The preparations for the operation of the injector accelerators with lead ions are progressing well and LINAC3, LEIR, PS and SPS are getting ready to send the ions to the LHC on 4 November 2011. The Committee thanked the CERN accelerator teams for all work and efforts to reach such excellent performance of the accelerators in 2011.

4. STATUS OF EXPERIMENTAL AREAS

L. Gatignon presented the status of the experimental areas.

The operation of the PS East Area was smooth and a multitude of tests and experiments were successfully performed. Minor problems were caused by two magnets of which one was replaced in a technical stop and the other is carefully monitored as a possible repair, because of high radiation levels, is possible during the shutdown only. It was decided that the splitter magnet which caused delays during the start-up of the area, will not be replaced during the 2011/2012 shutdown but during the long shutdown starting in 2013 to minimise radiation dose to personnel.

After the delayed start-up of the SPS North Area caused by an almost simultaneous failure of the motors of three main beam dump collimators (TAX, Target Attenuators experimental areas) of different beam lines, reduced but secure operation conditions for the TAXes have been developed. These settings met all requirements for the ongoing physics programme. Consolidation work, defined and followed-up by a special working group, on the TAXes is foreseen for the next two shutdowns of the injectors. After some initial problems, the new access system in the North Area is working well. The main remaining issue is a recurrent communication problem with one of the doors. The COMPASS and the NA61 experiments have been running with good and stable conditions.

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

Large efforts have been made to prepare the ECN3 underground cavern for the NA62 experiment. To extend the cavern for a new beam dump more than 30000m3 of earth have been moved and the concrete floor inside the cavern was repaired. Improvements of the design of the K12 beam TAXes are being implemented, following the lessons learned from the TAX failure in the North Area. Detailed studies for the new ventilation system of the cavern are under way and the CEDAR for the NA62 beam line has been successfully tested.

Since a few weeks the AD experiments are provided with an improved beam bunch length. In the AD experimental area a new software, which inhibits the beam ejection from the AD ring as soon as an access is taken into a secondary beam zone, further minimises the radiation dose for AD users. The installation work for the AEGIS experiment in the experimental zone and in the counting rooms is progressing well. For the two weeks of tests during which the AEGIS collaboration plans to attempt trapping of anti-protons the installation work will pause.

During the successful CNGS operation in 2011, 4.7x1019 protons were delivered which gives a total of 14.2x1019 protons delivered onto the CNGS target since 2006. The main issue was the failure of the power converter system of the horn and the reflector. Modifications were required to shield an electronic card which received accidental triggers by a close-by inductor. Thus from 26 September until 4 October the horn and reflector were operated with less current than usual. The system is now back to nominal operation. To study systematic effects on the measurement of the neutrino velocity performed by the OPERA experiment, the experimental area and machine experts are working on two additional studies, which are planned to be performed during the remaining run time in 2011. The first study is to investigate the time structure of the CNGS muon spill using very fast diamond detectors. These detectors will be installed during the technical stop beginning of November 2011 and will be ready for first tests afterwards. The second study is to send a bunched LHC-type beam with an intensity of 2.5x1011 - 3.5x1011 protons with a bunch width of about 1.6ns and 500ns bunch spacing onto the CNGS target from 27 October until 6 November 2011. For this type of beam OPERA expects to observe about one neutrino event per day. The commissioning of the beam will be done during the next days and should take two days for preparation off-line and two days of commissioning with beam.

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

After the test with bunched beam it is planned to continue with nominal CNGS beam for the studies with the diamond detectors for the muon time measurements.

5. PS, SPS AND AD SCHEDULES

The Committee thanked the CERN experimental area teams for providing such excellent help and support for the experiments and beam tests during this year. H. Breuker reported on the status of the experiments and beam tests at the AD, PS East Area and SPS North Area. Starting 4 November 2011, lead ions will be sent to the LHC. The end of the proton run for the North Area is scheduled for 7 November 2011. From 11 November 2011 onwards it is scheduled to delivery ions to the NA61 experiment in the North Area. The end of the 2011 proton run for the AD, nTOF and East Area is foreseen for 21 November 2011. The AEGIS experiment will start their tests with the AD beam on 7 November 2011. The end of the heavy ion operation of all machines is scheduled for 8 December 2011. At all machines the foreseen programmes have been achieved so far and the beam availability from all injectors has been excellent in 2011. The call for beam request for the 2012 injector run was sent to the users early October and requests will be accepted up to 19 December 2011. Because of the long shutdown in 2013 and 2014, more user requests for 2012 are expected than usual, thus to discuss in the Committee possible conflicts for the 2012 run, a first version of the 2012 users schedule must be presented and discussed in the next meeting of the SPSC.

6. DISCUSSION OF THE OPEN SESSION

6.1 A PROPOSAL TO MEASURE THE GRAVITATIONAL BEHAVIOUR OF ANTIHYDROGEN AT REST The SPSC received with interest a proposal to measure the gravitational behaviour of antihydrogen at rest.The Committee acknowledges the physics motivation and the potential interest of the experimental techniques developed.The SPSC recognises that the proposal fits well to the new possibilities of ELENA and will further review the proposal.

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

6.2 NA61-SHINE The Committee notes with satisfaction that NA61 has completed the analysis and has published the 2007 data on pion production in proton-Carbon collisions, and that it has released preliminary data on kaon production. The Committee notes the progress of the calibration on the 2009 data and looks forward to physics results from this data set. The SPSC appreciates that NA61 is reorganising the analysis software and has successfully upgraded its detector to make full use of a light ion beam for its search of a critical point in the QCD phase diagram. The SPSC recommends that adequate beam time is allocated in 2012 to allow for the completion of the energy scan with secondary light ions prior to the shut down in 2013.

The SPSC is pleased with the progress of the teams in the iThemba Labs in South Africa and in the CERN beam department towards determining the settings of the ion source for a primary Argon and Xenon beams. The SPSC strongly recommends that all steps will be taken to make full use of this development with the aim of delivering a primary Argon beam in 2014 and a primary Xenon beam in 2015 to the NA61 experiment.

6.3 NA49 The SPSC notes with pleasure that, since its last Annual Review, the NA49 collaboration has maintained a vigorous analysis programme to fully exploit the physics content of their data sets. A number of new results have been published which contribute significantly to the field, and several more analyses are ongoing. In the light of this, the SPSC recommends continued support for the NA49 data analysis.

6.4 NA60 The SPSC notes with pleasure that, since its last Annual Review, the NA60 collaboration is continuing its analysis programme to fully exploit the physics content of their data sets. A number of new results have been published which contribute significantly to the understanding of heavy ion collisions at SPS energies and which are considered to be important in the field. Several more analyses are ongoing. In the light of this, the SPSC recommends continued support for the NA60 data analysis.

6.5 NA63 The SPSC notes the progress achieved by the NA63 collaboration in the analysis of the Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal, magnetic suppression and structured target

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

resonance data and notes that the collaboration continues to publish their results. The Committee also notes with interest the proposals of the NA63 collaboration to study positron production in a diamond by energetic electron impact and to study bremsstrahlung from ions. In order to minimise the impact on the NA61 experiment, the committee advises the collaboration to focus in 2012 on the positron production in crystals. The Committee encourages the collaboration to finalise the experimental setup and will further review the proposal.

6.6 CAST The SPSC congratulates the CAST collaboration for the successful conclusion of the 3He programme and for the publication of the first 3He results. The Committee is looking forward to the final publication of 3He data. The Committee supports the request for the 4He running and for CERN infrastructure resources in 2012.

The Committee acknowledges the relevance of the ongoing R&D efforts to reduce background levels and further improve detectors for a new vacuum programme.

6.7 OSQAR The SPSC notes that the OSQAR collaboration has submitted first results of its regeneration experiment for publication.

The SPSC takes note of the plans of the OSQAR collaboration to achieve in 2012 an improved axion search limit that is competitive with recent results of the ALPS Collaboration. The SPSC recommends support of the 2012 run.

6.8 UA9-CRYSTAL The Committee notes with satisfaction the progress in both hardware and analysis which have been achieved by the UA9 collaboration. The Committee notes with pleasure the encouraging proton and ion collimation results obtained with crystal channelling. The Committee supports the request by the collaboration for further beam time in 2012 at the level of what has been provided in 2011.

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

7. FOLLOW-UP ON EXPERIMENTS AND PROPOSALS

7.1 DISCUSSION ON THE LOI ON PROTON-DRIVEN PLASMA WAKEFIELD ACCELERATION The SPSC recognises the interest in testing plasma acceleration with proton drivers and its possible technological implications for future accelerators at CERN and elsewhere.The Committee recognises the opportunity to use the SPS beams for these studies.The Committee encourages the collaboration to work towards a Technical Design Report in order to allow CERN to fully assess the technical feasibility, the timescale and the resources within the overall CERN programme.

7.2 CNGS1 (OPERA) The Committee notes the results presented by the OPERA collaboration on 23 September 2011 and appreciates the ongoing efforts at CERN and Gran Sasso to scrutinise and cross-check the measurement in a timely manner.

7.3 DISCUSSION OF THE PROPOSALS SPSC-P-343 AND SPSC-P-345 The Committee received a proposal on a comprehensive search for anomalies from neutrino and anti-neutrino oscillations with two LAr–TPC imaging detectors at different distances from the CERN-PS (SPSC-P-345). The proposal follows a memorandum the Committee received earlier this year (SPSC-M-773). The SPSC notes the progress made in the proposal on the technical aspects of the LAr-TPC. The committee also notes that other issues have not been addressed at an appropriate level of details, including the design, location and timescale of a CERN neutrino facility. The Committee also received a complementary proposal to extend the physics capabilities of the proposed LAr-TPC experiment by adding two magnetic spectrometers for measuring charged current neutrino interactions SPSC-P-343). The Committee requests that for further review the efforts described in the two proposals should merge. The SPSC expects the collaborations to submit a common Technical Design Report.

8. A.O.B. 8.1 The dates for the SPSC meetings in 2012 are • 17 January and 18 January 2012; • 3 April and 4 April 2012; • 26 June and 27 June 2012; • 23 October and 24 October 2012.

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

9. DOCUMENTS RECEIVED

• Minutes of the 102nd Meeting of the SPSC held on Tuesday and Wednesday, 28-29 June 2011; CERN-SPSC-2011-02; SPSC-102. - 2011. • Status of the evidence for the onset of deconfinement and the urgent need for primary Ar beams; CERN-SPSC-2011-028; SPSC-M-775. - 2011. • Proposal to measure the Gravitational Behaviour of Antihydrogen at Rest; CERN-SPSC-2011-029; SPSC-P-342. - 2011. • Prospect for Charge Current Neutrino Interactions Measurements at the CERN-PS; CERN-SPSC-2011-030; SPSC-P-343. - 2011. • Status and plans for 2012, CERN NA63; CERN-SPSC-2011-031; SPSC-P-327-ADD-3. - 2011. • A comprehensive search for “anomalies” from neutrino and anti-neutrino oscillations at large mass differences (Δm^2 ~ 1eV^2) with two LAr–TPC imaging detectors at different distances from the CERN-PS; CERN-SPSC-2011-033; SPSC-P-345. - 2011. • Status and plans of the CAST Experiment; CERN-SPSC-2011-034; SPSC-SR-090. - 2011. • Report from the NA61/SHINE experiment at the CERN SPS; CERN-SPSC-2011-035; SPSC-SR-091. - 2011. • Agenda for the 103rd Meeting of the SPSC on Tuesday 25 and Wednesday 26 October 2011 CERN-SPSC-2011-036 ; SPSC-A-103. - 2011. • UA9 Status Report for 2011; CERN-SPSC-2011-037; SPSC-SR-092. - 2011. • OSQAR Annual Report 2011; CERN-SPSC-2011-038; SPSC-SR-093. - 2011. • Memorandum of the NA49 Collaboration to the SPSC; CERN-SPSC-2011-039; SPSC-M-776. - 2011. • NA60 Status Report; CERN-SPSC-2011-040; SPSC-SR-094. - 2011. CERN Document Server (CDS): http://cdsweb.cern.ch/search?sc=1&p=SPSC+2011

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

DRAFT, CERN-INTC-2011-058 INTC-041 November 28, 2011

ISOLDE AND NEUTRON TIME-OF-FLIGHT EXPERIMENTS COMMITTEE

Minutes of the 41th meeting of the INTC Held on Thursday 3 and Friday 4 November 2011

OPEN SESSION Thursday, November 3, 2011 at 13:30 in the Council Chamber and Friday, November 4, at 8:30 in 40-C-S02.

The Chairman of the INTC, Peter Butler, opened the meeting and announced the agenda.

ISOLDE Technical Report The ISOLDE Technical Coordinator, Richard Catherall, summarized the main points from ISOLDE operation in 2011. The target and ion source developments included the first operation at ISOLDE of a helicon source for molecular beams, allowing the production of 17C as CO molecule, while the VADIS ion source increased 5-fold the yields of Hg beams from a molten Pb target. The REX campaign included 12 runs scheduled for 14 experiments, most of which were very successful. It was an ambitious programme, taking 43% of the physics shifts in 2011, and a record number of REX shifts were delivered, in spite of some hick-ups (broken 9-gap amplifier and EBIS cathode exchange). REX technical improvements and tests (ion detectors) followed. At RILIS, combined dye and Ti:Sa laser systems were in regular operation to produce beams of 16 elements during over 2000-h operation. Offline, tests for UV-breakup and laser-ionisation of refractory elements are under way. Finally, 3D drawings of ISOLDE are now available for almost all parts of the facility. ISOLDE machine issues since the July meeting included: a new problem with the GLM deflector, failure of the HRS faraday-cage piston, occasional one-event upsets of HRS pico- ammeters, and an HRS robot problem, followed by damage to its recovery point. It was added that the robot upgrade project is under way. In addition, the new tape station system develops regular problems, while the RFQ Cooler will be slightly realigned during the upcoming shutdown to improve the path of laser light for the offline tests of optical pumping. Concerning the shutdown periods, offline (winter) physics during the long shutdown in 2013 was reduced to 2 weeks in December 2012 because of interference with work for HIE- ISOLDE. The detailed planning for the 2011/2012 shutdown was then presented, including the move of the ISOLDE access point and the construction of a new compressor building for HIE-ISOLDE by the summer 2012. The first physics experiment in 2012 is planned for April 2. Safety-wise, there were 3 ALARA II interventions since the last meeting and several more ALARA II and III interventions are planned for the upcoming shutdown. In addition, a safety

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

collaboration was signed between CERN and CEA/IRFU for Pb-Bi ISOLDE target development.

ISOLDE Physics Report The ISOLDE Physics Coordinator, Magdalena Kowalska, gave an overview of the running period 2011. The schedule since the last INTC meeting has changed slightly due to the EBIS cathode exchange and robot and target problems during the WITCH run. Two experiments were shifted to 2012, which allowed rescheduling the experiments affected by the problems and led to their successful data-taking. Only the experiments which suffered from the problem with the REX 9-gap amplifier and too low 30Na yield could not be rescheduled. In 2011 many very good results were obtained, while there were a few runs with some problems, and very few runs with no data. The support and commitment of the ISOLDE technical groups is highly appreciated. Some 2011 physics highlights were presented. Among them were: Coulomb excitation on 98Sr (using in-trap decay), 128Cd, and 220Rn; two-neutron transfer reactions on 72Zn; in-source laser spectroscopy on neutron-deficient Tl isotopes; high- resolution laser spectroscopy on the Cd chain; mass measurements on Fr isotopes and the mass and half-life of 82Zn. The solid state studies covered diffusion in semiconductors and metallic compounds and determination of the electric field gradient in ZnO. Biophysics studies with 199mHg on proteins and bacteria were also performed. Preliminary shift statistics for approved IS experiments were then shown: out of 440 scheduled shifts between 320 and 360 will be counted, which will give above 800 shifts remaining for 2012, corresponding to a 2-year back-log. Next, the 2012 running period was presented: ISOLDE physics starts on April 2 (1 month earlier than in 2010&11), while the end date is under discussion (probably end of November). The ISOLDE schedule will be released in 3 parts, to allow for more flexibility in case of problems. 10 hostel rooms will be booked permanently for ISOLDE and the reservation will be held until 2 weeks after the schedule is released. News from ISOLDE was then given, followed by safety information, including: final completion evaluations of safety files for fixed experiments, improved traceability of implanted samples, and extension of the solid-state lab. Problems encountered by some users who did not follow the safety course to obtain permanent dosimeters should be alleviated by a web-based RP training and on-site training under discussion for 2012. An update on the long-term shutdown was finally given. The present baseline – to be decided at the beginning of 2012 – assumes physics for everybody until December 2012, injector restart in April/May 2014 and no Linac4 connection at this time. Also, the RCS (Rapid Cycling Synchrotron) project, discussed instead of the PSB upgrade has been officially abandoned. During the long shutdown, offline (winter) physics at ISOLDE will be limited to 2 weeks in December 2012 because of interference with work for HIE-ISOLDE.

HIE-ISOLDE Status Report The HIE-ISOLDE Project Leader, Yacine Kadi, presented the status of the project. The project organisation has recently changed: a new mandate of the Technical Coordinator is presently under approval; the SRF activities will now include a new mandate of the Physicist

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

in Charge, while the Beam Dynamics will be calculated in the TE/ABT group, which will interface with the Physics Working Group. The recent highlights include the start of civil engineering work at ISOLDE, as well as the launch of the invitation for tenders (for the cryogenic plant and HVAC System) and market surveys (for several other modules). The latest R&D activities were then described: a new design of the high-beta cavity was finalised and a prototype is presently being manufactured. The cryomodule design is also final, following an optimisation of the inner components, while a clean room at the cavity test area (SM18) is in preparation. The first cryomodule should be assembled in autumn 2013 and will be available for installation in spring 2014. RF measurements are now based on an improved 3-4 week throughput, but they encountered many delays due to various problems: burnt RF connector, cold-leak in the insert, shutdown of the cryo-lab, and leak in the coating system. Two series of RF tests in July and September 2011 do not yet meet the specifications. Concerning the cavity coating, both the magnetron and diode coatings have been tested, with the aim to validate the high-temperature coatings by magnetron sputtering by the end of the year and to start the coating productions in the first quarter of 2013. On the safety side, oxygen-deficiency hazard and noise level have been studied and the first estimate of shielding reinforcement has been performed. For the Linac energy upgrade, the evaluation of shielding and access possibilities in the hall are under way. An overview was also given over design study for the intensity and beam-quality upgrade. The project schedule was then shown. The installation is modular and the first beams at 5.5MeV/A are still expected in autumn 2014. The total budget increased to 35.8 MCHF, while 6.3 out of 8.5 MCHF from external sources needed for the 5.5MeV/A have been secured. The projected expenditures as a function of time were also shown. Concerning the manpower, the resources defined previously by group leaders were included in the planning, while the number of fellow FTEs is now 70. The 5 last CATHI positions (including 4 senior fellows) should be filled in the coming months. Also the status of new collaborations was summarised. n_TOF Facility Status Report The spokesperson of the n_TOF Collaboration, Enrico Chiaveri, summarized the status of the n_TOF facility. Thanks to the earlier start and to the higher intensity/pulse n_TOF reached for the first time its intensity request/year. Measurements performed since the last INTC meeting were then listed. The highlights included the measurements of the high energy (n,α) cross section of 10B with a CVD diamond detector and measurements of the neutron capture cross- 238 241 243 236 section of U, Am, Am, and U (the latter using the C6D6 scintillation detector). The fission cross-section of 240Pu and 242Pu was also determined. Furthermore, the Optical Fibers with Bragg Gratings were tested for the use as temperature-based beam profile monitors. The last experiments of the year will investigate the performance of MicroMegas for (n,α) measurements and will study the angular distributions in the neutron-induced fission of actinides. The status of the ongoing detector tests were presented: a proton telescope to measure (n,p) (n,d) reaction, silicon strip detectors for (n,p) and (n,α) reactions of astrophysics interest, and BGO and CVD Diamond detectors. If successful, these will lead to full INTC proposals. Finally, the status of the Experimental Area 2 and the plans for 2012 studies were given. The final Conceptual Design document will be presented and discussed at the n_TOF

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

Collaboration Board in December. It will be then presented in February to the INTC and later to the Research Board.

The following proposals were then presented:

CERN-INTC-2011-035, INTC-P-242-ADD, Search for new candidates for the neutrino- oriented mass determination by electron-capture, Ch. Borgmann CERN-INTC-2011-039, INTC-P-305, Determination of the B(E3,0+->3-) strength in the octupole correlated nucleus 144Ba using Coulomb excitation, M. Scheck CERN-INTC-2011-040, INTC-P-306, Coulomb excitation of neutron-rich odd-A Cd isotopes, Th. Kroell CERN-INTC-2011-042, INTC-P-307, Study of multi-neutron emission in the beta-decay of 11Li, F. Delaunay

CERN-INTC-2011-044, INTC-P-308, Proton resonance elastic scattering of 30Mg for single particle structure of 31Mg, N. Imai CERN-INTC-2011-045, INTC-P-309, Measurements of neutron-induced capture and fission reactions on U-235: cross sections and alpha ratios, photon strength functions and prompt gamma-ray from fission, C. Guerrero CERN-INTC-2011-046, INTC-P-310, Neutron capture cross section of 93Zr, G. Tagliente CERN-INTC-2011-047, INTC-P-311, Precision measurement of the half-life and branching ratio of the T=1/2 mirror decay of 37K, T. Kurtukian-Nieto CERN-INTC-2011-048, INTC-P-312, Novel diagnostic and therapeutic radionuclides for the development of innovative radiopharmaceuticals, K. Zhernosekov CERN-INTC-2011-049, INTC-P-313, Spins, Moments and Charge Radii Beyond 48Ca, M.L. Bissell CERN-INTC-2011-050, INTC-P-314, Properties of low-lying intruder states in 34Al and 34Si sequentially populated in beta-decay of 34Mg, F. Negoita CERN-INTC-2011-051, INTC-P-315, Experimental investigation of decay properties of neutron deficient 116-118Ba isotopes and test of 114,115Ba beam counts, U. Datta Pramanik CERN-INTC-2011-052, INTC-P-316, Collinear resonant ionization spectroscopy for neutron rich copper isotopes, G. Neyens CERN-INTC-2011-053, INTC-P-317, Seeking the Purported Magic Number N = 32 with High- Precision Mass Spectrometry, S. Kreim

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

CLOSED SESSION Friday 5 November 2010 at 10:15 h, room 60-5-012

Present: N. Alahari, E. Berthoumieux, J. Billowes, Y. Blumenfeld, P. Butler (Chairman), R. Catherall, E. Chiaveri, H.-U. Habermeier, R. Julin, Y. Kadi, M. Kowalska (Secretary), N. Orr, D. Ridikas, E. Rondio, Z. Salman, Ch. Scheidenberger, T. Stora, V. Vlachoudis Apologies: H. Breuker, M. Doser, P.-H. Heenen

1. INTRODUCTORY REMARKS The Chairman opened the meeting and announced the apologies from P.-H. Heenen, who had sent his comments via email. He also presented the long shutdown status: the shutdown will last from December 2012 until April/May 2014 and no post-accelerated beams will be available for physics until late in 2014.

2. MINUTES OF THE LAST INTC MEETING The minutes of the 40th INTC meeting held on 6-7 July 2011 were approved without amendments.

3. STATUS OF ISOLDE The chairman presented the main points from the technical presentation, including the ion- source developments and plans to produce refractory elements. He also reminded that there will be no offline physics in 2013. There were no further comments to the technical presentation on ISOLDE. Concerning the ISOLDE physics, the chairman informed the INTC members that the ISOLDE community wishes to put regular proposals to the February meeting, in spite of the risk of waiting for the beamtimes until 2014. The committee found the ISOLDE shift back-log acceptable, but enquired whether there are many outdated experiments. Next, the HIE-ISOLDE status was summarized: the linac cavities have not yet reached specification, but the team is confident that these will be met. There were also further schedule questions and it was clarified that the 10 MeV/u modules will be installed in the regular shutdown of 2015/16 (the next long shutdown is now scheduled for 2018).

4. REPORT ON N_TOF The chairman summarised the content of the presentation: there were many highlights, the number of delivered protons exceeded the number allocated at the beginning of 2011, and the EAR2 Concept Design Report will be presented in February. There were no further comments to the n_TOF presentation.

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

5. DISCUSSION ON THE OPEN SESSION AND OTHER DOCUMENTS The proposals presented during the open session, a letter of clarification, as well as letters of intent were then discussed: CERN-INTC-2011-043, INTC-CLL-008, Spin assignments of nuclear levels above the neutron binding energy in 88Sr The document addressed the points raised at the previous INTC meeting. The document clarified the added value of the present experiment with respect to ongoing studies in Los Alamos. Therefore the Committee decided to recommend for approval by the Research Board 4e18 protons on target.

CERN-INTC-2011-041, INTC-I-139, UCx Prototype Target Tests for ActiLab-ENSAR The LOI concerns UC targets, which are commonly used for radioactive ion-beam production in various facilities including ISOLDE and new types of UC targets are under development within an EU FP7 ENSAR activity (ACTILAB) led by T. Stora (CERN), in which the main European ISOL labs (Ganil, Legnaro and Orsay) participate. The LOI covers a plan to systematically investigate the relation between isotope release properties and the microstructure of the targets in terms of crystallography, morphology and chemistry. Some details were however missing, including the conclusions of previous studies with the high- density UC material. It was also not clear how the studies will profit directly the ISOLDE users. The Committee found that a full proposal would be more suitable. The document should include more details, with emphasis on the discrepancies in high-density UC performance, and it should motivate better the fundamental reasons for the studies.

CERN-INTC-2011-054, INTC-I-140, Digital TDPAC with 19O in Cobalt Metal The LOI aims at developing a method to study the local structure of the oxygen sub-lattice in functional oxides or as impurities in metals or other oxygen sensitive materials. The technique to be applied is the Perturbed Angular Correlation (PAC) which is proven to be able to study the local structure in materials. As the isotope to be used is 19O with 27-s half-life, the measurements have to be taken on-line and are quite challenging. It’s a high risk experiment due to the requirement of separating radiation defect related features in the PAC spectrum from those arising from the oxygen sub-lattice. If successful, however, this method can be extremely useful in all research areas where a detailed knowledge of the local structure of the oxygen sub-lattice is required. Therefore, the Committee decided to endorse this Letter of Intent.

CERN-INTC-2011-035, INTC-P-242-ADD, Search for new candidates for the neutrino- oriented mass determination by electron-capture The proposal addresses a fundamentally important question, namely that of the neutrino mass. 194 The original proposal resulted in a more precise QEC value for Hg, making this nucleus a suitable candidate to determine the neutrino mass to 20 eV precision. In the addendum, shifts 202 are requested to finalise the QEC determination for the second candidate, Pb. The Committee decided to recommend for approval by the Research Board 5 shifts.

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

CERN-INTC-2011-039, INTC-P-305, Determination of the B(E3,0+->3-) strength in the octupole correlated nucleus 144Ba using Coulomb excitation The proposal aims at determining the strength of the octupole transitions in 144Ba, which is the best example of octupole deformations in this region. The technique is known and the proponents are experts in the field. It was only not clear whether the higher energy of HIE- ISOLDE will benefit the experiment (possibly the use of a lighter target is sufficient) and whether the experiment can be scheduled next year, as beam tests seem necessary beforehand. The Committee decided to recommend for approval by the Research Board 24 radioactive shifts.

CERN-INTC-2011-040, INTC-P-306, Coulomb excitation of neutron-rich odd-A Cd isotopes The proposed experiment should bring new light on the spectroscopic properties of Cd isotopes. The determination of B(E2) values between excited states, including those built on isomers, will allow a much better identification of the nature of these states, in particular concerning the collectivity properties of odd-A isotopes. It was understood that the possible contaminations can be addressed and that 100% isomeric purity is not necessary. It was however noted that it is very difficult to derive the spin and parity from angular distributions. Therefore, the Committee decided to recommend for Research Board approval 6 shifts for the studies on 123Cd to prove the feasibility of the method.

CERN-INTC-2011-042, INTC-P-307, Study of multi-neutron emission in the beta-decay of 11Li It is proposed to employ an early stage implementation of new modular liquid-scintillator arrays to detect low-energy neutrons. These detectors should be able to discriminate the neutrons emitted in a nuclear reaction from the ambient gamma and cosmic rays. An application to 11Li will allow in principle to study its two-neutron decay by measuring the two neutrons in coincidence. This will bring information about the nature of correlations between the two neutrons. The Committee decided to recommend 19 shifts for approval by the Research Board.

CERN-INTC-2011-044, INTC-P-308, Proton resonance elastic scattering of 30Mg for single particle structure of 31Mg The proposed studies of Isobaric Analogue Resonances of bounds states in 31Mg will complement the recent transfer reaction experiment. The method is standard and the experiment is proposed by experts in the technique. There was a question on whether the proposed beam energy is sufficient to study all the resonances of interest but the availability of higher REX energies makes the experiment feasible. The yield estimate was in addition conservative. The Committee recommended for approval by the Research Board 7 shifts.

CERN-INTC-2011-045, INTC-P-309, Measurements of neutron-induced capture and fission reactions on U-235: cross sections and alpha ratios, photon strength functions and prompt gamma-ray from fission The experiment aims at measuring the fission and capture cross-sections on 235U. New reactor designs require reliable data and the largest contribution to the uncertainties comes from the cross sections which are proposed to be measured. The studies will profit from the upgrade of the n_TOF area to class A and will allow the complete measurements, while the technique

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

itself was shown feasible in 2010. Thus, the Committee decided to recommend for approval by the Research Board 4e18 protons on target.

CERN-INTC-2011-046, INTC-P-310, Neutron capture cross section of 93Zr Neutron capture cross-section measurements on 93Zr are proposed. The studies aim at improving previous results and will provide input for the topics of astrophysics and nuclear waste, as well as fuel cladding in present and future reactors. The feasibility of the measurements and the potential for improving previous data was clear. The Committee thus decided to recommend for approval by the Research Board 3e18 protons on target

CERN-INTC-2011-047, INTC-P-311, Precision measurement of the half-life and branching ratio of the T=1/2 mirror decay of 37K The proposal explores a new approach to determine the Vud matrix element, by measuring decays other than super allowed pure Fermi decays, i.e. mirror decays. This requires the measurement of beta-neutrino correlation coefficients, branching ratios and half lives. The group is expert in the proposed measurements, can work with low beam intensities and will no doubt much improve the precision on the branching ratio and half life of 37K. It was however not clear when and where a measurement of the correlation coefficient will be undertaken. The Committee decided to recommend for approval by the Research Board 16 shifts.

CERN-INTC-2011-048, INTC-P-312, Novel diagnostic and therapeutic radionuclides for the development of innovative radiopharmaceuticals The proposal follows a successful LOI, which investigated a new approach, namely to use the same nuclei to detect cancer and to later destroy it. The proposal aims at exploring many isotopes, and the Committee felt that it would be much better to concentrate only on those which showed results within the LOI. The Committee thus decided to recommend for approval by the Research Board 21 shifts for 149,152,155Tb, 140Nd, and 134Ce. In addition, the RP transport issues have to be clarified before the experiment is scheduled.

CERN-INTC-2011-049, INTC-P-313, Spins, Moments and Charge Radii Beyond 48Ca Ca is one of the best studied isotope chains, but beyond N=28, not much information is available. The proposal aims at determining the charge radii of 49-54Ca to identify the N=32 or N=34 shell closures. It was noted that a similar proposal has been accepted at TRIUMF and that the yield estimate was conservative. The available techniques will allow studying 49-52Ca, but the experiment can be extended using the radioactive detection of optically pumped ions after state selective charge exchange (ROC), which requires significant developments during the long shutdown. The Committee recommended 18 shifts for the first part of the experiment and encouraged the development of the ROC setup. Also, the possibility to use the CRIS beam-line as an alternative to the ROC technique should be investigated.

CERN-INTC-2011-050, INTC-P-314, Properties of low-lying intruder states in 34Al and 34Si sequentially populated in beta-decay of 34Mg The proposed measurements should bring new information on the intruder levels in the upper right corner of the island of inversion. These results should enable to test shell model calculations based on different interactions and model spaces. From the production point of view the experiment is feasible, but the fast tape station which should be used is presently not operational. The Committee recommended 21 shifts for approval by the Research Board,

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

with the requirement that the proponents demonstrate a reliably working tape-station system before the experiment is scheduled.

CERN-INTC-2011-051, INTC-P-315, Experimental investigation of decay properties of neutron deficient 116-118Ba isotopes and test of 114,115Ba beam counts The aim of the proposal is to study neutron-deficient Ba isotopes, which might exhibit cluster emission. The production rates of the proposed beams were not certain and should be measured beforehand. Also, it was not clear how the proton and alpha detection will be connected to cluster effects. Therefore the Committee asked for a new proposal presenting more precisely the scientific motivation of the studies and the expected information obtained from the studies.

CERN-INTC-2011-052, INTC-P-316, Collinear resonant ionization spectroscopy for neutron rich copper isotopes Laser spectroscopy of very neutron-rich Cu isotopes is proposed that will benefit from the increased sensitivity of the new CRIS setup. The long-term goals are ambitious but appealing,. Firm spin assignments are important and will assist the beta decay results. The Committee decided to recommend for approval by the Research Board 10 shifts once the setup is operational.

CERN-INTC-2011-053, INTC-P-317, Seeking the Purported Magic Number N = 32 with High- Precision Mass Spectrometry The aim of the proposal is to study the possible shell closure at N=32 via mass measurements in neutron-rich Cr, Sc, and Ca isotopes. Only Ca isotopes seemed to be available without additional beam developments. Therefore the Committee recommended for approval by the Research Board 21 shifts for the studies on Ca and Sc isotopes, with the requirement not to schedule the Sc measurements before the Ca measurements are successfully completed.

6. Upcoming INTC meetings The agenda of the 2012 INTC meetings (1-2 February and 31 October – 1 November) were discussed. It was confirmed that the meeting reserved for 4-5 July will not take place.

Magdalena Kowalska Tel. 73809 – 162844 [email protected]

DRAFT CERN/DG/Research Board 2012-425

Annexes: INJECTOR SCHEDULE 2012 and LHC SCHEDULE 2012

ML 19/12/2011 V1.1 2012 Injector Accelerator Schedule Approved by the Research Board, December 2011

AD start with CNGS & nTOF CNGS & LINAC2 Beam available to beam setup nTOF start CTF start LHC Beam to Jan Feb Mar physics Isolde

Wk 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Mo 2 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 5 12 19 26 Tu We SPS scrubbing Setup run Th with beam PSB, PS, SPS PSB/PS SPS Fr closed closed Machine Sa Checkout Su

Start North Area Start ISOLDE East Hall physics Start AD Start ion Physics Start Physics source/LINAC3 Apr May June Wk 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 23 Mo 2 Easter Mon 9 16 Injector MD 30 7 14 21 Whit 28 4 11 18 Injector MD25 [24 h] [24 h] 1st May Tu Injector TS [24 h] Injector We Injector MD Injector MD TS [48 h] Injector MD [24 h] [24 h] [24 h] Th Ascension MD (& UA9) [24 h] Fr G. Friday Sa Su

LEIR start Stop protons Ion beam to Ion beam to with beam PS to NA SPS July Aug Sep Wk 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39

Mo 2 9 16 23 30 6 13 Injector 20 27 3 10 17 24 MD [24 h] Tu Injector TS [48 h] We Injector MD Injector MD UA9 MD Injector MD Injector MD Injector MD [24 h] [24 h] [24 h] [24 h] [24 h] [24 h] Th MD (& UA9) Jeune G [24 h] Fr Injector MD [24 h] Sa Ions to North Area Su

End of physics, PS, AD, Restart protons Start LHC ion nToF, Isolde, CNGS, NA to NA CTF stop Oct run Nov Dec Wk 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52

1 8 15 22 29 5 12 19 26 3 10 17 24 Mo ITS (12 h) Tu Xmas Injector UA9 MD UA9 MD We MD [24 h] [24 h] SHUTDOWN (72 h) Injector MD Th Injector MD [24 h] LS1 [24 h] Injector MD Fr [24 h] End LHC ion run Sa LHC ION RUN Su

Injector Complex MD Block AD Setting-up & Studies HiRadMat: possible beam request

Injector Stop Technical stop for the Injector Chain Ions to LHC

Floating injector MD - LHC beam has priority Ions to North Area ML 4/12/2011 2012 LHC Schedule V1.0

Approved by Reseach Board December 2011

Start partial powering tests Start full powering Re-commissioning with beam Jan Feb tests Mar Wk 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Mo 2 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 5 12 19 26 Tu

We 1-Feb

Technical stop 1-Mar Th Machine Fr checkout Sa Hardware commissioning Su

Scrubbing run (date tbc) Apr May June Wk 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26

Mo 2 Easter 9 16 23 30 7 14 21 Whit 28 4 11 18 25 Tu 1st May We Th MD Ascension Fr G. Friday Sa Su

Ion Beam to SPS July Aug Sep Wk 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39

Mo 2 9 16 23 30 6 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 Tu We Floating MD Floating MD J. Genevois Th [24 h] [24 h] Fr Sa Su

Start ion Ion beam physics End non-LHC setup proton physics Oct Nov Dec Wk 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52

Mo 1 8 15 22 29 5 12 19 26 3 10 17 24 Tu Xmas We IONS LHC POWERING SHUTDOWN Th TESTS LS1

Fr End ion run Sa Su

Technical Stop Special runs (TOTEM etc.) to be scheduled

Recommissoning with beam Machine development Ion run Ion setup