Extension Homemakers Teresa Bright Via Mail Or Other Communication Methods

April Cooperative Extension Service Adair County 2020 409 Fairground Street P.O. Box 309 Columbia KY 42728 Phone: 270-384-2317 Fax: 270-384-9167 EXTENSION http://adair.ca.uky.edu HOMEMAKERS

The Adair County Cooperative Extension Service has temporary limited public access as a result of the April HM Lesson University of Kentucky recommendations for

Planning Your Digital Estate precautionary measures of the COVID-19 pandemic.

All staff are working remotely; yet we will be happy to Review the enclosed information assist you. You may continue to call the Adair entitled Planning Your Digital Estate. County Extension Office phone line at 270-384-2317

This is the material you would have and leave a message. Messages are automatically received at your April HM club meeting. forward to the proper person, and messages are If you have any questions, feel free to checked daily. Further contact information is as call the Extension Office phone line at follows: 270-384-2317 and we will return your Nick Roy call. Agriculture Extension Agent 270-634-1105 [email protected]

Tony Rose HOMEMAKERS COUNCIL MEETING 4-H Youth Development Agent The HM Council meeting scheduled for 270-634-0401 April 28th has been cancelled. We will [email protected] continue to provide you with up-to-date information regarding Extension Homemakers Teresa Bright via mail or other communication methods. Extension Support Staff 270-250-5215 [email protected]

THANK YOU FOR YOUR PATIENCE AND Nick Roy UNDERSTANDING! Stay safe and healthy!!

County Extension Agent

For Agriculture & Natural Resources

SUPPORT EACH OTHER realize. If someone wants to talk to you about their feelings and experience, encourage them and let them DURING TRAUMATIC EVENTS share. If you cannot meet face-to-face, use social media or exchange phone calls or hand-written letters People who experience a traumatic event like COVID- in the mail. Be careful not to force people to talk about 19 and even those who watch it unfold from a distance, their feelings or share information about the traumatic on television for example, can experience negative event if they are not ready. It can also be helpful to be stress and serious emotional distress. This is because sure that a person is educated about the situation so traumatic events are recognized as a threat to one’s that stress is not rising over assumptions and rumors. personal safety and/or the world as you know it. It is Preferred outlets for information regarding national and also not uncommon for traumatic events to leave us statewide events include the Centers for Disease with unanswered questions and uncertainty. Control and Prevention’s website https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html Responding to these situations in a productive manner and the statewide page, can help us become stronger individuals and better https://chfs.ky.gov/agencies/dph/pages/covid19.aspx. community and family members. For example, try not to compare yourself to others, as no two people will Be a friend to yourself and respond to traumatic events and changes to daily others. Check on relatives routines the same way. Some people may panic or feel who live alone. Even in so numb or overwhelmed that they don’t even know times of social distancing, a how to respond, while others respond with anxiety or phone call can go a long feel as if they’ve lost control. Others may experience way in making someone grief and disbelief. Common reactions to trauma also feel loved. Recognize that include rapid heartbeat, sweating, changes in daily you and your family and activity and sleeping and eating patterns, sensitivity to friends will likely experience lights and sounds, increased conflict in relationships, new or different emotions after everything returns to headaches and nausea. It is not uncommon for children normal and that it will take time to heal. The CDC to experience bed-wetting. recommends individuals maintain their usual routine as much as possible, be kind, turn to family, friends and According to the CDC, many people do not start feeling community members for support and recognize when “normal” again for weeks or even months after a things are out of control and help is needed. The traumatic event ends. If stress symptoms persist or get American Psychological Association recommends worse, a person could be suffering from post-traumatic engaging in healthy behaviors such as eating well- stress disorder, and a medical or mental health balanced meals, staying physically active, sleeping and professional should be contacted for consultation and practicing stress-relief through relaxation and follow-up. meditation.

Research has shown that moving forward and working Source: Amy Kostelic, extension specialist for family life education, American Psychological Association, University of Maryland Medical Center and Centers for at resolving one’s feelings at the time of a traumatic Disease Control and Prevention event is beneficial. This helps a person re-establish a sense of safety and trust. In a time of tragedy, be there for each other. Practice patience and understanding with your family members, friends and co-workers. Realize the additional stress may make them more irritable than normal.

At times family members and friends may feel helpless—not knowing what to do or how to help, but sometimes just being available is more help than you blocks or with magnetic strips on the wall. Make sure the Selecting knives are out of reach of children or not in a place where and someone can get hurt easily.

Source: Annhall Norris, extension specialist Caring for Kitchen Stocking Your Pantry Knives Keeping your pantry stocked with a few basic food items will A good set of kitchen knives is important to have, and when allow you to cook a simple, healthy meal at a moment’s they are properly taken care of, can last a long time. notice. Once your pantry is equipped with the essentials, you can simply buy fresh items from the grocery to cook with It’s vital for any home chef to know about different types of your stocked items. knives and their functions. This ensures ease of cutting foods and knife longevity. Below are some common knives When we think of our pantry, we tend to first think about that you should have in your kitchen along with their uses. canned or boxed goods. Suggestions for your pantry include • Chef’s Knife – 6-14 inches long. This knife canned fish such as tuna, salmon, and sardines; canned does everything from slicing to mincing and beans such as black, kidney, garbanzo, cannellini, and should be your go-to knife for all kinds of meal chickpeas; and canned vegetables such as tomatoes, prep. Since you are going to use it a lot, make spinach, corn, or beets. Other items to consider are broth or sure you try out the knife for comfort before stock, peanut butter and other nut butters, and salsa. There purchasing and keep it sharp to avoid are several options for rice and grains including brown rice, accidents. whole-grain pasta, couscous, rolled oats, and breadcrumbs. Common oils, • Paring Knife – 2.5-4 inches long. This knife is vinegars, and used for peeling, cutting and deseeding small fruits and vegetables. condiments can add flavor in a • Utility Knife – longer than a paring knife but pinch. Think shorter than a chef’s knife. Use this knife for about adding chopping vegetables, slicing breads and extra virgin olive bagels, slicing meats and cheeses and cutting oil, balsamic sandwiches. vinegar, red wine • Slicing Knife – has a long thin blade. Usually vinegar, mustard, reserved for special occasions, this knife hot sauce, or makes slicing meats easy. Worcestershire • Boning Knife – As its name would suggest, sauce. Additional this knife is used to break down foods like a ways to add whole chicken or removing the skin off flavor include seasonings like salt and pepper, and spice seafood or meat. blends like chili powder and Italian seasoning. Stocking up • Serrated Knife – The blade resembles a saw. your herbs and spices cabinet is also a great way to be This knife can help you easily slice through prepared for putting together quick meals with lots of flavor. food with thick or tough outer surfaces like Common herbs and spices you should include might be bay crusty bread and tomatoes. leaves, parsley, cumin, oregano, paprika, rosemary, thyme, cinnamon, ginger, and nutmeg. Proper care of knives is very important. After using a knife, promptly clean it and return it to storage. Handwashing and Building your pantry does not happen overnight. It is towel drying are recommended. Putting knives into a important to slowly build up your inventory as needed. Many dishwasher can cause them to discolor, crack or separate of these foods are shelf-stable for several months and can from the blade. Storing knives wet and dirty will cause rust. be purchased in bulk or on sale. Keep your knife blade and yourself protected by making sure the blade is not exposed during storage. You can store Source: knives by covering the blades with plastic sheathes and Heather Norman-Burgdolf, Extension Specialist for Nutrition and Health; placing them in a utensil drawer or storing them in wooden Claire Crosby, Human Nutrition Student

Cleaning Make the Healthy versus Takeout Choice Disinfecting Ordering takeout, picking up curbside-to-go, or grabbing

food from the drive-thru can often be a convenient option for Now, more than ever, families with busy schedules. It’s also a fantastic way to it is important to support local business when you want to take a night off clean and disinfect from cooking. Restaurants offer a variety of delicious foods, frequently touched and while it can be challenging to make healthy choices surfaces including when ordering out, it’s not impossible. doorknobs, handles, chair backs, faucets, Many restaurants have their menus posted online with light switches, etc. detailed descriptions about the foods they offer. This makes Cleaning simply it much easier to select healthier options for the whole means to remove germs or dirt from a surface. Cleaning family, if you have time does not kill germs. It lowers the amount of germs present to plan. If picking items on a surface by removing them. Disinfecting means to kill up while out, take a few moments to review the germs by using chemicals such as bleach solutions, alcohol menu before ordering solutions with at least 70% alcohol, or other EPA registered your regular options. household disinfectants. Consider these tips for making the healthiest People can lower their risk of getting sick by first cleaning choices: surfaces and then disinfecting them. When cleaning, use ▬ Look for choices that are baked, grilled, roasted, soaps or detergents and water to physically remove dirt and sautéed, or steamed. These are going to be the best germs from surfaces. Follow by disinfecting. If you don’t choices with the most nutritional value. have an EPA-registered household disinfectant on hand, ▬ Choose vegetables as a side, when offered. Opt for you can make your own. Start with regular, unscented items that are not fried or breaded, when available. Side bleach, and wear protective gloves. Mix 5 tablespoons salads, baked potatoes, and vegetable-based soups are bleach to one gallon of water or 4 teaspoons bleach to one fantastic choices. quart of water. Only use bleach solutions if appropriate for ▬ Add vegetables. If you want a sandwich or burger, add lettuce, onion, or tomato. If you ordered a pizza, add veggies the surface. Do not use on soft surfaces such as carpet, as a topping. furniture, drapes, or clothing. ▬ Ask for sauces and dressings to be on the side. This will let you choose how much you add to your food. Remember, Best practices include cleaning all visible dirt from surfaces these items are there to complement the dish, not be the or objects and following with disinfection. EPA-registered overwhelming flavor. household disinfectants are commonly available in sprays ▬ Consider your drink options. Water, unsweetened tea, and wipes. You can find them at large retailers including and diet soda can be good alternatives to regular sodas and grocery stores, hardware stores, drug stores, and many sweetened teas. However, if you like the sugar-sweetened convenience stores. Be sure to follow all instructions on the options, choose a smaller size or go half-cut (half-sweet, label. The label will tell you whether you need to dilute the half-unsweet tea). product, what surfaces you can use it on, drying time, and any precautions such as wearing gloves and making sure Family meals can be part of your routine, even when grabbing items to-go. You may not be cooking together, but there is good ventilation when using the product. you can always eat together while supporting your favorite Reference: local spots. Centers for Disease Control https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019- Reference: ncov/community/organizations/ cleaning- https://www.eatright.org/food/nutrition/eating-as-a-family/tips-for- disinfection.html#How%20to%20Clean%20and%20Disinfect ordering-takeout-or-delivery Source: Annhall Norris, Extension Specialist for Food Safety and Food Source: Preservation Emily DeWitt, Extension Associate for FCS Extension 2020 FOOD AND NUTRITION CALENDAR RECIPE

TURKEY STUFFED PEPPERS

USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. This material was funded by USDA’s Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program — SNAP.

Nutrition facts per serving: 200 calories; 7g total fat; 2g saturated fat; 0g trans fat; 35mg cholesterol; 330mg sodium; 18g carbohydrate; 4g fiber; 2g sugar; 0g added sugar; 17g protein; 0% Daily Value of vitamin D; 6% Daily Value of calcium; • Nonstick cooking spray 3. Heat oil in a large skillet and cook onions 10% Daily Value of iron; • 4 medium bell peppers, halved, until translucent. Add turkey, garlic powder, 6% Daily Value cored and seeds removed cumin and chili powder. Let cook until turkey of potassium. • 2 teaspoons oil has browned. Source: Adapted from • 1 small onion, chopped 4. Add black beans, salsa and rice to the USDA What’s Cooking? • 1 pound ground turkey skillet. Stir to combine. • 2 teaspoons garlic powder 5. Spoon mixture into each pepper half. • 2 teaspoons cumin Cover with foil and bake for 30 minutes. • 2 teaspoons chili powder Uncover, sprinkle with cheese and bake • 1 cup black beans for another 4-5 minutes. • 1 cup salsa • 1 cup brown rice, cooked Makes 8 servings • ½ cup shredded Mexican Serving size: 1 stuffed pepper blend or cheddar cheese Cost per recipe: $10.23 Cost per serving: $1.28 1. Preheat oven to 375 degrees F. 2. Spray a 9x13 baking dish with nonstick spray. Place peppers in dish. Garden Planting Guide

Taking Soil Test Samples

A good garden starts with a soil test. Use the soil test as a guide as you try to establish a satisfactory fertility level. The standard test measures soil acidity (pH), available phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium and zinc. The test results help determine fertilizer and lime requirements. To take a soil sample, push a spade 7 inches into the soil and throw the soil aside. Take another 1-inch slice of soil from the back of the hole the full depth of the hole. Remove all the soil but the center 1- to 2-inch-wide core. Place this core of soil in a clean bucket. Repeat the procedure in different spots to get a representative sample of the whole garden and to get about 1 pint of soil. Mix the composite sample well and put it on some paper to dry for about two days at room temperature. Then bring the sample to the Extension office to submit for analysis. Results are generally available within two weeks. Soil samples are free until April 15th. Maximum of six per landowner.

Coronavirus: What You Can Do

The Centers for Disease Control (CDC) told Americans to start preparing for the spread of the coronavirus. The CDC states that the best and easiest thing you can do to prevent the spread of the coronavirus is wash your hands!

The CDC does not recommend wearing a facemask to prevent the coronavirus. Only people who have the coronavirus or are showing symptoms should wear a facemask. Wearing a facemask protects others from infection.

What you can do: The No. 1 thing to do is to wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, especially after going to the bathroom; before eating; and after blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing. Use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer or wipes with at least 60% alcohol. Clean and disinfect frequently touched objects and surfaces, like cellphones. Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth. Stay home when you are sick. Cover your cough or sneeze with a tissue.

Symptoms include: Dry cough Sneezing Fever Shortness of breath

Those at a higher risk: Young Elderly Those with weak immune symptoms

As the situation is constantly changing, the CDC is the most current and knowledgeable source on a national level. Use the CDC website to stay up to date with the most accurate information: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html

Source: Natalie Jones, Family Health Extension Specialist, University of Kentucky, College of Agriculture Resources: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/summary.html https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/symptoms.html

Wet hands 1 with warm water. Apply 2 soap. Rub hands together 3 for 20 seconds. Don't forget 4 your fingernails. Rinse the 5 germs away. Dry your 6 hands.

References: Educational programs of Kentucky Cooperative Extension serve all people regardless of economic or social status • Natalie Jones UK Cooperative Extension Service and will not discriminate on the basis of race, color, ethnic origin, national origin, creed, religion, political belief, sex, • CDC: http://bit.ly/ sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, UKFCS_CDCHandwashing pregnancy, marital status, genetic information, age, • Wally Cat design by Chris Ware veteran status, or physical or mental disability. University of Kentucky College of Agriculture, Food and Environment FCS5-465 Cooperative Extension Service Planning Your Digital Estate Jennifer Hunter and Alex Elswick, Family Sciences

ave you ever wondered what happens to your digital property after Hyou pass away? Who will have access to online bank accounts, email accounts, or even social media accounts? Are these accounts deactivated? Do they disappear? Do they exist in the cloud forever? Who will have control over what happens to them? The answers to these questions lie in the domain of digital estate planning. In the past, estate planning has involved writing a will, designating an executor to finalize your affairs, and passing along your possessions. Typically, paper documents would be compiled and stored in a safe place such as a locked desk drawer or filed with an attorney. In the modern age of technology, however, estate planning is becoming ever more complicated. With so much vital information stored online, the nature of estate planning has changed. Although you may still have many important documents in paper format, it is likely that much of your financial documents are digitized. It may seem obvious that important digital information such as online bank accounts should be How can a digital estate plan help addressed in estate planning, but other kinds of digital my family and me? assets such as social media accounts, text messages, or even pictures stored in the cloud may have sentimental A digital estate plan can serve a number of im- value for your loved ones. Email accounts and online portant functions: retail accounts may house critical personal information • It helps determine if any of your digital property that you may wish securely kept. Unfortunately, plan- has monetary value. ning for these kinds of assets is typically neglected by • It enables loved ones to locate and access impor- individuals and their advisors. In order to ensure the tant digital information. safety and security of this kind of digital information, • It may help clarify disputes regarding a final will you will want to create a digital estate plan. and testament. • It protects you and your family from online identity theft. • It simplifies the transitions for surviving family members.

Cooperative Extension Service | Agriculture and Natural Resources | Family and Consumer Sciences | 4-H Youth Development | Community and Economic Development Since digital estate planning is a relatively new con- Having a digital estate plan will ensure cept, there are few laws governing what should happen with your loved one’s digital assets. The existing legal safe transfer of online assets, prevent structure for our digital lives was passed in 1986. Since theft of identity or assets, protect then, limited legislation has been introduced to govern our digital property. Therefore, it is up to you to take personal information, and make the measures to protect your digital estate. transition easier on family members. Taking Inventory of Your Digital Assets In order to begin making a digital estate plan, you will been created specifically designed to secure your digital first want to take inventory of all of your digital assets. estate, examples may include PasswordBox, Password- Your digital assets could include any of the following: Safe, or SecureSafe. Some other sites, such as Google for • Social media accounts example, have an automated system for deleting digital • Websites you own information. When this feature is activated on Google, • Online bank, credit card, or insurance accounts you have the ability to select people who will be notified • Online bill pay when the account has been closed. If the people you have • Email accounts selected indicate that you have passed away, Google will • Online retail accounts automatically carry out your instructions concerning • Stored pictures, music, or other media files your account. • Online payment mediums (i.e. Paypal, Apple Pay, Google Wallet, etc.) Designating a Digital Executor Use the table below to inventory all of the digital as- Your digital executor will be responsible for carrying sets that come to mind. You may leave the fourth column out your digital estate plan. Since your digital executor labeled “Instructions” blank until the final step in which will be handling such private information, you will want your write your digital estate plan. It is imperative that to ensure that the person you select is both responsible this information be continually updated to guarantee and capable of navigating technology. You can name that your digital executor can access all your accounts. your digital executor in your will and give them Power Storing Your Inventory of Attorney over your digital estate. You can include your digital estate plan as a part of your will, but do not Since your inventory will contain important personal include usernames and passwords. Your will becomes information, you don’t want it falling into the wrong public record after it enters probate and you certainly hands. The next step is to find a secure place to store do not want usernames and passwords to become public your inventory. You could store your inventory in a information. Just ensure that your digital executor is safety deposit box, with an attorney, or with a trusted aware of the secure location in which you have planned family member. Also, a number of online services have to keep your digital inventory.

Table 1. Digital asset inventory. Passwords or Digital Assets Location Essential Info Instructions i.e. Email account [email protected] Password12345 Delete account

2 Writing Your Digital Estate Plan Google Once you’ve taken stock of all your online assets, As referenced earlier, Google has a function called ensured their proper storage, and identified an executor “Inactive Account Manager” that allows users to prede- to oversee your digital assets, the final step is to actu- termine what they wish to happen once their account ally write out your digital estate plan. Your instructions has been inactive for a set amount of time. Users can should be written clearly so as to eliminate any confusion choose the period of inactivity allotted and can have a regarding your final wishes. Create a list of instructions text message sent to their phone to double check that for each digital asset. You may use the fourth column of the account is inactive. Perhaps most importantly, users your inventory table to list these instructions, but you can craft an email that will be sent to the beneficiary will also want to write them out more explicitly. Be as (probably a digital executor) when the account becomes detailed as necessary to ensure that your loved ones have inactive. what they need to carry out your instructions. Twitter Be Aware of Terms and Conditions Twitter requires a much more demanding process As of 2017, 81 percent of the U.S. population actively to access the account of a deceased family member. used some sort of social media platform. And yet, social Families must produce their loved one’s username, death media accounts are easily neglected in the process of certificate, government-issued identification, and a planning your digital estate. You may want to review the signed statement from the executor providing the action terms of service for your social media accounts, email requested on behalf of the deceased family member. accounts, YouTube accounts, etc. Each of these sites may As new technologies emerge, digital estate planning have a different protocol for when a member has passed promises to get even more complicated. Nevertheless, away. Below are the existing terms of service for a few having a digital estate plan will ensure safe transfer of popular social media sites: online assets, prevent theft of identity or assets, protect personal information, and make the transition easier on Facebook family members. You will want to periodically research Facebook allows families to either memorialize an state/federal laws concerning digital assets as well as account or to close it. The terms of service dictate that the terms of service of each of your online accounts to accounts are non-transferable; thus, families must rely better protect your online assets. on a username and password in order to access account information. Facebook has gone to court and defended References its right not to release passwords to family members based on the Stored Communications Act of 1986. Bissett, W. B. (2013). Understanding the impact of the digital age on estate settlement. Journal of Financial Service Professionals, 67(5), 54-63. Parthemer, M. R., Feffer, J. G., & Klein, S. A. (2014). Estate planning with digital assets—where are we now? Journal of Financial Service Professionals, 68(2), 19-21. Perrone, M. (2012). What happens when we die: Estate planning of digital assets. Commlaw Conspectus 21(1), 185-210.

Educational programs of Kentucky Cooperative Extension serve all people regardless of economic or social status and will not discriminate on the basis of race, color, ethnic origin, national origin, creed, religion, political belief, sex, sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, pregnancy, marital status, genetic information, age, veteran status, or physical or mental disability. Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Nancy M. Cox, Director, Land Grant Programs, University of Kentucky College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Lexington, and Kentucky State University, Frankfort. Copyright © 2017 for materials developed by University of Kentucky Cooperative Extension. This publication may be reproduced in portions or its entirety for educational or nonprofit purposes only. Permitted users shall give credit to the author(s) and include this copyright notice. Publications are also available on the World Wide Web at www.ca.uky.edu.