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Guide to Virtualization on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Virtualization Guide Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Virtualization Guide Guide to Virtualization on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Virtualization Guide Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Virtualization Guide Guide to Virtualization on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 Edition 1 Author Copyright © 2008,2009,2010 Red Hat, Inc. The text of and illustrations in this document are licensed by Red Hat under a Creative Commons Attribution–Share Alike 3.0 Unported license ("CC-BY-SA"). An explanation of CC-BY-SA is available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/. In accordance with CC-BY-SA, if you distribute this document or an adaptation of it, you must provide the URL for the original version. Red Hat, as the licensor of this document, waives the right to enforce, and agrees not to assert, Section 4d of CC-BY-SA to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law. Red Hat, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the Shadowman logo, JBoss, MetaMatrix, Fedora, the Infinity Logo, and RHCE are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. Linux® is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States and other countries. Java® is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates. XFS® is a trademark of Silicon Graphics International Corp. or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries. MySQL® is a registered trademark of MySQL AB in the United States, the European Union and other countries. All other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 1801 Varsity Drive Raleigh, NC 27606-2072 USA Phone: +1 919 754 3700 Phone: 888 733 4281 Fax: +1 919 754 3701 The Red Hat Enterprise Linux Virtualization Guide contains information on installation, configuring, administering, and troubleshooting virtualization technologies included with Red Hat Enterprise Linux. Preface vii 1. Document Conventions .................................................................................................. vii 1.1. Typographic Conventions .................................................................................... vii 1.2. Pull-quote Conventions ........................................................................................ ix 1.3. Notes and Warnings ............................................................................................ ix 2. We need your feedback .................................................................................................. x 1. Introduction 1 1.1. What is virtualization? .................................................................................................. 1 1.2. KVM and virtualization in Red Hat Enterprise Linux ........................................................ 1 1.3. libvirt and the libvirt tools .............................................................................................. 2 1.4. Virtualized hardware devices ........................................................................................ 2 1.4.1. Virtualized and emulated devices ....................................................................... 3 1.4.2. Para-virtualized drivers ...................................................................................... 4 1.4.3. Physically shared devices .................................................................................. 5 1.5. Storage ........................................................................................................................ 6 1.6. Virtualization security features ....................................................................................... 7 1.7. Migration ...................................................................................................................... 7 1.8. V2V ............................................................................................................................. 8 I. Requirements and limitations 9 2. System requirements 11 3. KVM compatibility 13 4. Virtualization limitations 15 4.1. General limitations for virtualization ..................................................................... 15 4.2. KVM limitations .................................................................................................. 15 4.3. Application limitations ......................................................................................... 16 II. Installation 19 5. Installing the virtualization packages 21 5.1. Installing KVM with a new Red Hat Enterprise Linux installation ............................. 21 5.2. Installing KVM packages on an existing Red Hat Enterprise Linux system ............... 25 6. Virtualized guest installation overview 27 6.1. Virtualized guest prerequisites and considerations ................................................ 27 6.2. Creating guests with virt-install ............................................................................ 27 6.3. Creating guests with virt-manager ....................................................................... 28 6.4. Installing guests with PXE ................................................................................... 37 7. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 as a virtualized guest 43 7.1. Creating a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 guest with local installation media ............... 43 7.2. Creating a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 guest with a network installation tree ........... 53 7.3. Creating a Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 guest with PXE ......................................... 55 8. Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6 as a para-virtualized guest on Red Hat Enterprise Linux 5 59 8.1. Using virt-install .................................................................................................. 59 8.2. Using virt-manager ............................................................................................. 60 9. Installing a fully-virtualized Windows guest 71 9.1. Using virt-install to create a guest ....................................................................... 71 9.2. Installing Windows 2003 ..................................................................................... 72 iii Virtualization Guide III. Configuration 73 10. Network Configuration 75 10.1. Network Address Translation (NAT) with libvirt .................................................... 75 10.2. Bridged networking with libvirt ........................................................................... 76 11. KVM Para-virtualized Drivers 79 11.1. Using the para-virtualized drivers with Red Hat Enterprise Linux 3.9 guests ........... 79 11.2. Installing the KVM Windows para-virtualized drivers ............................................ 82 11.2.1. Installing the drivers on an installed Windows guest .................................. 82 11.2.2. Installing drivers during the Windows installation ...................................... 92 11.3. Using KVM para-virtualized drivers for existing devices ....................................... 99 11.4. Using KVM para-virtualized drivers for new devices ........................................... 100 12. PCI passthrough 107 12.1. Adding a PCI device with virsh ........................................................................ 108 12.2. Adding a PCI device with virt-manager ............................................................. 110 12.3. PCI passthrough with virt-install ....................................................................... 114 13. SR-IOV 117 13.1. Introduction .................................................................................................... 117 13.2. Using SR-IOV ................................................................................................. 118 13.3. Troubleshooting SR-IOV .................................................................................. 121 14. KVM guest timing management 123 IV. Administration 127 15. Server best practices 129 16. Security for virtualization 131 16.1. Storage security issues ................................................................................... 131 16.2. SELinux and virtualization ............................................................................... 131 16.3. SELinux ......................................................................................................... 133 16.4. Virtualization firewall information ...................................................................... 133 17. sVirt 135 17.1. Security and Virtualization ............................................................................... 136 17.2. sVirt labeling ................................................................................................... 136 18. KVM live migration 139 18.1. Live migration requirements ............................................................................ 139 18.2. Shared storage example: NFS for a simple migration ........................................ 140 18.3. Live KVM migration with virsh ......................................................................... 141 18.4. Migrating with virt-manager ............................................................................. 142 19. Remote management of virtualized guests 155 19.1. Remote management with SSH ....................................................................... 155 19.2. Remote management over TLS and SSL ......................................................... 156 19.3. Transport modes ............................................................................................. 157 20. Overcommitting with KVM 161 21. KSM 165 22. Advanced virtualization administration 169 22.1. Guest scheduling
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