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Stsci Newsletter: 1997 Volume 014 Issue 01
January 1997 • Volume 14, Number 1 SPACE TELESCOPE SCIENCE INSTITUTE Highlights of this issue: • AURA science and functional awards to Leitherer and Hanisch — pages 1 and 23 • Cycle 7 to be extended — page 5 • Cycle 7 approved Newsletter program listing — pages 7-13 Astronomy with HST Climbing the Starburst Distance Ladder C. Leitherer Massive stars are an important and powerful star formation events in sometimes dominant energy source for galaxies. Even the most luminous star- a galaxy. Their high luminosity, both in forming regions in our Galaxy are tiny light and mechanical energy, makes on a cosmic scale. They are not them detectable up to cosmological dominated by the properties of an distances. Stars ~100 times more entire population but by individual massive than the Sun are one million stars. Therefore stochastic effects times more luminous. Except for stars prevail. Extinction represents a severe of transient brightness, like novae and problem when a reliable census of the supernovae, hot, massive stars are Galactic high-mass star-formation the most luminous stellar objects in history is atempted, especially since the universe. massive stars belong to the extreme Massive stars are, however, Population I, with correspondingly extremely rare: The number of stars small vertical scale heights. Moreover, formed per unit mass interval is the proximity of Galactic regions — roughly proportional to the -2.35 although advantageous for detailed power of mass. We expect to find very studies of individual stars — makes it few massive stars compared to, say, difficult to obtain integrated properties, solar-type stars. This is consistent with such as total emission-line fluxes of observations in our solar neighbor- the ionized gas. -
Summer Constellations
Night Sky 101: Summer Constellations The Summer Triangle Photo Credit: Smoky Mountain Astronomical Society The Summer Triangle is made up of three bright stars—Altair, in the constellation Aquila (the eagle), Deneb in Cygnus (the swan), and Vega Lyra (the lyre, or harp). Also called “The Northern Cross” or “The Backbone of the Milky Way,” Cygnus is a horizontal cross of five bright stars. In very dark skies, Cygnus helps viewers find the Milky Way. Albireo, the last star in Cygnus’s tail, is actually made up of two stars (a binary star). The separate stars can be seen with a 30 power telescope. The Ring Nebula, part of the constellation Lyra, can also be seen with this magnification. In Japanese mythology, Vega, the celestial princess and goddess, fell in love Altair. Her father did not approve of Altair, since he was a mortal. They were forbidden from seeing each other. The two lovers were placed in the sky, where they were separated by the Celestial River, repre- sented by the Milky Way. According to the legend, once a year, a bridge of magpies form, rep- resented by Cygnus, to reunite the lovers. Photo credit: Unknown Scorpius Also called Scorpio, Scorpius is one of the 12 Zodiac constellations, which are used in reading horoscopes. Scorpius represents those born during October 23 to November 21. Scorpio is easy to spot in the summer sky. It is made up of a long string bright stars, which are visible in most lights, especially Antares, because of its distinctly red color. Antares is about 850 times bigger than our sun and is a red giant. -
White Dwarfs
Chandra X-Ray Observatory X-Ray Astronomy Field Guide White Dwarfs White dwarfs are among the dimmest stars in the universe. Even so, they have commanded the attention of astronomers ever since the first white dwarf was observed by optical telescopes in the middle of the 19th century. One reason for this interest is that white dwarfs represent an intriguing state of matter; another reason is that most stars, including our sun, will become white dwarfs when they reach their final, burnt-out collapsed state. A star experiences an energy crisis and its core collapses when the star's basic, non-renewable energy source - hydrogen - is used up. A shell of hydrogen on the edge of the collapsed core will be compressed and heated. The nuclear fusion of the hydrogen in the shell will produce a new surge of power that will cause the outer layers of the star to expand until it has a diameter a hundred times its present value. This is called the "red giant" phase of a star's existence. A hundred million years after the red giant phase all of the star's available energy resources will be used up. The exhausted red giant will puff off its outer layer leaving behind a hot core. This hot core is called a Wolf-Rayet type star after the astronomers who first identified these objects. This star has a surface temperature of about 50,000 degrees Celsius and is A composite furiously boiling off its outer layers in a "fast" wind traveling 6 million image of the kilometers per hour. -
September 2016
11/20/2016 11:13 AM CHECK RECONCILIATION REGISTER PAGE: 1 COMPANY: 04 - COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT CHECK DATE: 9/01/2016 THRU 9/30/2016 ACCOUNT: 10010 CASH C.D.B.G. - CHECKING CLEAR DATE: 0/00/0000 THRU 99/99/9999 TYPE: Check STATEMENT: 0/00/0000 THRU 99/99/9999 STATUS: All VOIDED DATE: 0/00/0000 THRU 99/99/9999 FOLIO: All AMOUNT: 0.00 THRU 999,999,999.99 CHECK NUMBER: 000000 THRU 999999 ACCOUNT --DATE-- --TYPE-- NUMBER ---------DESCRIPTION---------- ----AMOUNT--- STATUS FOLIO CLEAR DATE CHECK: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 10010 9/08/2016 CHECK 006680 LOWER RIO GRANDE VALLEY 1,702.00CR CLEARED A 10/10/2016 10010 9/08/2016 CHECK 006681 MISSION CRIME STOPPERS 2,726.60CR CLEARED A 10/10/2016 10010 9/22/2016 CHECK 006682 A ONE INSULATION 5,950.00CR CLEARED A 10/10/2016 10010 9/22/2016 CHECK 006683 A ONE INSULATION 5,950.00CR CLEARED A 10/10/2016 10010 9/22/2016 CHECK 006684 A ONE INSULATION 5,850.00CR CLEARED A 10/10/2016 10010 9/22/2016 CHECK 006685 A ONE INSULATION 5,850.00CR CLEARED A 10/10/2016 10010 9/22/2016 CHECK 006686 CHILDREN'S ADV.CENTER HDL 911.62CR CLEARED A 10/10/2016 10010 9/22/2016 CHECK 006687 G&G CONTRACTORS 23,920.00CR CLEARED A 10/10/2016 10010 9/29/2016 CHECK 006688 AMIGOS DEL VALLE 1,631.05CR CLEARED A 11/07/2016 10010 9/29/2016 CHECK 006689 DELL MARKETING L.P. 1,148.00CR CLEARED A 11/07/2016 10010 9/29/2016 CHECK 006690 LOWER RIO GRANDE VALLEY 2,682.54CR CLEARED A 11/07/2016 10010 9/29/2016 CHECK 006691 SILVER RIBBON COMMUNITY PARTNE 815.04CR -
Maps for GLOBE at Night at Latitude 40 , February 23, 21 H Local Time
< 0.50 mag < 1.50 mag < 2.50 mag < 3.50 mag < 4.50 mag < 5.50 mag < 6.50 mag < 7.50 mag Maps for GLOBE at Night at latitude 40◦, February 23, 21 h local time (deep night), assuming rather transparent air. Orion’s belt is 34◦ to the right from the south, at 43◦ height. The brightest fixed star, Sirius, is at left. Jan Hollan, Ecological Institute Veronica and http://www.astro.cz/darksky < 0.50 mag < 1.50 mag < 2.50 mag < 3.50 mag < 4.50 mag < 5.50 mag < 6.50 mag < 7.50 mag Maps for GLOBE at Night at latitude 40◦, March 2, 21 h local time (deep night), assuming rather transparent air. Orion’s belt is 42◦ to the right from the south, at 40◦ height. The brightest fixed star, Sirius, is at left. Jan Hollan, Ecological Institute Veronica and http://www.astro.cz/darksky Betelgeuse Rigel Pollux Procyon Sirius Sirius Arcturus Saturn < 0.50 mag < 1.50 mag S S Betelgeuse Big Dipper Big Big Dipper Big Betelgeuse Rigel Rigel Pollux Pollux Procyon Procyon Sirius Sirius Arcturus Regulus Arcturus Regulus Denebola Denebola Saturn Saturn < 2.50 mag < 3.50 mag S S Procyon Procyon Regulus Regulus Denebola Denebola < 4.50 mag < 5.50 mag Procyon Procyon Regulus Regulus Denebola Denebola < 6.50 mag < 7.50 mag Maps for GLOBE at Night at latitude 40◦, March 23, 21 h local time (Sun at -31◦). Lines from N(E,S,W) to zenith shown (crosses each 10◦). Regulus (α Leonis) is 32◦ to the left from S, at 58◦ height. -
Three-Year Follow up of the Phase 3 Pollux Study of Daratumumab Plus
This is a repository copy of Three-Year Follow up of the Phase 3 Pollux Study of Daratumumab Plus Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (D-Rd) Versus Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (Rd) Alone in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (RRMM). White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/157106/ Version: Accepted Version Proceedings Paper: Bahlis, N, Dimopoulos, MA, White, DJ et al. (14 more authors) (2018) Three-Year Follow up of the Phase 3 Pollux Study of Daratumumab Plus Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (D-Rd) Versus Lenalidomide and Dexamethasone (Rd) Alone in Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma (RRMM). In: Blood. ASH 2018 – 60th American Society of Hematology Annual Meeting and Exposition, 01-04 Dec 2018, San Diego, CA. American Society of Hematology . https://doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-112697 © 2018 by The American Society of Hematology. This is an author produced version of a conference abstract published in Blood. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. Reuse Items deposited in White Rose Research Online are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved unless indicated otherwise. They may be downloaded and/or printed for private study, or other acts as permitted by national copyright laws. The publisher or other rights holders may allow further reproduction and re-use of the full text version. This is indicated by the licence information on the White Rose Research Online record for the item. Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. -
Naming the Extrasolar Planets
Naming the extrasolar planets W. Lyra Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, K¨onigstuhl 17, 69177, Heidelberg, Germany [email protected] Abstract and OGLE-TR-182 b, which does not help educators convey the message that these planets are quite similar to Jupiter. Extrasolar planets are not named and are referred to only In stark contrast, the sentence“planet Apollo is a gas giant by their assigned scientific designation. The reason given like Jupiter” is heavily - yet invisibly - coated with Coper- by the IAU to not name the planets is that it is consid- nicanism. ered impractical as planets are expected to be common. I One reason given by the IAU for not considering naming advance some reasons as to why this logic is flawed, and sug- the extrasolar planets is that it is a task deemed impractical. gest names for the 403 extrasolar planet candidates known One source is quoted as having said “if planets are found to as of Oct 2009. The names follow a scheme of association occur very frequently in the Universe, a system of individual with the constellation that the host star pertains to, and names for planets might well rapidly be found equally im- therefore are mostly drawn from Roman-Greek mythology. practicable as it is for stars, as planet discoveries progress.” Other mythologies may also be used given that a suitable 1. This leads to a second argument. It is indeed impractical association is established. to name all stars. But some stars are named nonetheless. In fact, all other classes of astronomical bodies are named. -
Scutum Apus Aquarius Aquila Ara Bootes Canes Venatici Capricornus Centaurus Cepheus Circinus Coma Berenices Corona Austrina Coro
Polaris Ursa Minor Cepheus Camelopardus Thuban Draco Cassiopeia Mizar Ursa Major Lacerta Lynx Deneb Capella Perseus Auriga Canes Venatici Algol Cygnus Vega Cor Caroli Andromeda Lyra Bootes Leo Minor Castor Triangulum Corona Borealis Albireo Hercules Pollux Alphecca Gemini Vulpecula Coma Berenices Pleiades Aries Pegasus Sagitta Arcturus Taurus Cancer Aldebaran Denebola Leo Delphinus Serpens [Caput] Regulus Equuleus Altair Canis Minor Pisces Betelgeuse Aquila Procyon Orion Serpens [Cauda] Ophiuchus Virgo Sextans Monoceros Mira Scutum Rigel Aquarius Spica Cetus Libra Crater Capricornus Hydra Sirius Corvus Lepus Deneb Kaitos Canis Major Eridanus Antares Fomalhaut Piscis Austrinus Sagittarius Scorpius Antlia Pyxis Fornax Sculptor Microscopium Columba Caelum Corona Austrina Lupus Puppis Grus Centaurus Vela Norma Horologium Phoenix Telescopium Ara Canopus Indus Crux Pictor Achernar Hadar Carina Dorado Tucana Circinus Rigel Kentaurus Reticulum Pavo Triangulum Australe Musca Volans Hydrus Mensa Apus SampleOctans file Chamaeleon AND THE LONELY WAR Sample file STAR POWER VOLUME FOUR: STAR POWER and the LONELY WAR Copyright © 2018 Michael Terracciano and Garth Graham. All rights reserved. Star Power, the Star Power logo, and all characters, likenesses, and situations herein are trademarks of Michael Terracciano and Garth Graham. Except for review purposes, no portion of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the express written consent of the copyright holders. All characters and events in this publication are fictional and any resemblance to real people or events is purely coincidental. Star chartsSample adapted from charts found at hoshifuru.jp file Portions of this book are published online at www.starpowercomic.com. This volume collects STAR POWER and the LONELY WAR Issues #16-20 published online between Oct 2016 and Oct 2017. -
Educator's Guide: Orion
Legends of the Night Sky Orion Educator’s Guide Grades K - 8 Written By: Dr. Phil Wymer, Ph.D. & Art Klinger Legends of the Night Sky: Orion Educator’s Guide Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………....3 Constellations; General Overview……………………………………..4 Orion…………………………………………………………………………..22 Scorpius……………………………………………………………………….36 Canis Major…………………………………………………………………..45 Canis Minor…………………………………………………………………..52 Lesson Plans………………………………………………………………….56 Coloring Book…………………………………………………………………….….57 Hand Angles……………………………………………………………………….…64 Constellation Research..…………………………………………………….……71 When and Where to View Orion…………………………………….……..…77 Angles For Locating Orion..…………………………………………...……….78 Overhead Projector Punch Out of Orion……………………………………82 Where on Earth is: Thrace, Lemnos, and Crete?.............................83 Appendix………………………………………………………………………86 Copyright©2003, Audio Visual Imagineering, Inc. 2 Legends of the Night Sky: Orion Educator’s Guide Introduction It is our belief that “Legends of the Night sky: Orion” is the best multi-grade (K – 8), multi-disciplinary education package on the market today. It consists of a humorous 24-minute show and educator’s package. The Orion Educator’s Guide is designed for Planetarians, Teachers, and parents. The information is researched, organized, and laid out so that the educator need not spend hours coming up with lesson plans or labs. This has already been accomplished by certified educators. The guide is written to alleviate the fear of space and the night sky (that many elementary and middle school teachers have) when it comes to that section of the science lesson plan. It is an excellent tool that allows the parents to be a part of the learning experience. The guide is devised in such a way that there are plenty of visuals to assist the educator and student in finding the Winter constellations. -
A Basic Requirement for Studying the Heavens Is Determining Where In
Abasic requirement for studying the heavens is determining where in the sky things are. To specify sky positions, astronomers have developed several coordinate systems. Each uses a coordinate grid projected on to the celestial sphere, in analogy to the geographic coordinate system used on the surface of the Earth. The coordinate systems differ only in their choice of the fundamental plane, which divides the sky into two equal hemispheres along a great circle (the fundamental plane of the geographic system is the Earth's equator) . Each coordinate system is named for its choice of fundamental plane. The equatorial coordinate system is probably the most widely used celestial coordinate system. It is also the one most closely related to the geographic coordinate system, because they use the same fun damental plane and the same poles. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere is called the celestial equator. Similarly, projecting the geographic poles on to the celest ial sphere defines the north and south celestial poles. However, there is an important difference between the equatorial and geographic coordinate systems: the geographic system is fixed to the Earth; it rotates as the Earth does . The equatorial system is fixed to the stars, so it appears to rotate across the sky with the stars, but of course it's really the Earth rotating under the fixed sky. The latitudinal (latitude-like) angle of the equatorial system is called declination (Dec for short) . It measures the angle of an object above or below the celestial equator. The longitud inal angle is called the right ascension (RA for short). -
19 6 6Apj. . .14 6. .743D the VARIABILITY of RHO PUPPIS* I. J
.743D 6. .14 THE VARIABILITY OF RHO PUPPIS* . I. J. Danziger and L. V. Kumf 6ApJ. Mount Wilson and Palomar Observatories 6 19 Carnegie Institution of Washington, California Institute of Technology Received April 30, 1966 ABSTRACT The results of simultaneous spectrophotometric and spectral observations of the short-period variable star, p Puppis, are reported. The amplitudes of radial-velocity, light, and temperature variations are 11 km/sec, 0.15 mag., and 280° K, respectively. The relative phases differ from those observed in cluster- type c variables. Estimates of the absolute luminosity and mass from the observed gravity and the Py/(p/po) — Q relationship indicate that either p Puppis is pulsating in a higher-order harmonic mode than the first or the theory of its pulsation is not understood. I. INTRODUCTION The bright star p Puppis, classified in the MKK system as type F6II, was first shown to be variable in light (period 0.141 days) by Eggen (1956) who measured a total ampli- tude of 0.15 mag. Struve, Sahade, and Zebergs (1956) showed that there is an associated variation in radial velocity with a total amplitude of 10 km/sec and that maximum brightness occurs approximately 0.02 days later than minimum radial velocity. Bappu (1959) reported that two-color measurements indicate a variation in temperature of 300° K. An intrinsic luminosity of p Puppis, MPg = +2.4, was obtained by Kinman (1959). He assumed it fitted the observed period-luminosity relation of cluster-type c variables in order to use an observed period-luminosity relation. Strömgren’s c-l sys- tem indices were measured by McNamara and Augason (1962) to derive Mpg = +1.7 and a mass 9J£ = 3.2 $)îo from the period-density law with the pulsation constant Q ~ 0-041* It is of interest to note that, although p Puppis has been classified as a ô Scuti star, none of the multiple-period characteristics associated with such stars has been found to apply to it. -
Ioptron CEM40 Center-Balanced Equatorial Mount
iOptron®CEM40 Center-Balanced Equatorial Mount Instruction Manual Product CEM40 (#7400A series) and CEM40EC (#7400ECA series, as shown) Please read the included CEM40 Quick Setup Guide (QSG) BEFORE taking the mount out of the case! This product is a precision instrument. Please read the included QSG before assembling the mount. Please read the entire Instruction Manual before operating the mount. You must hold the mount firmly when disengaging the gear switches. Otherwise personal injury and/or equipment damage may occur. Any worm system damage due to improper operation will not be covered by iOptron’s limited warranty. If you have any questions please contact us at [email protected] WARNING! NEVER USE A TELESCOPE TO LOOK AT THE SUN WITHOUT A PROPER FILTER! Looking at or near the Sun will cause instant and irreversible damage to your eye. Children should always have adult supervision while using a telescope. 2 Table of Contents Table of Contents ........................................................................................................................................ 3 1. CEM40 Introduction ............................................................................................................................... 5 2. CEM40 Overview ................................................................................................................................... 6 2.1. Parts List .........................................................................................................................................