Science and Policy for People and Nature Indigenous and Local Knowledge about Pollination and Pollinators associated with Food Production Indigenous and Local Knowledge about Pollination Pollinators associated with Food Production ▶ Outcomes from the Global Dialogue Workshop 1–5 December 2014 • Panama ▶ Edited by P. Lyver, E. Perez, M. Carneiro da Cunha and M. Roué ▶ Organized by IPBES and the Task Force on Indigenous and Local Knowledge Systems Science and Policy ▶ Support from USDA, Smithsonian Tropical for People and Nature Research Institute, FAO and UNESCO Indigenous and Local Knowledge about Pollination and Pollinators associated with Food Production Outcomes from the Global Dialogue Workshop ▶ Edited by: P. Lyver, E. Perez, M. Carneiro da Cunha and M. Roué ▶ Organized by the: Task Force on Indigenous and Local Knowledge Systems Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) ▶ in collaboration with the: IPBES Expert Group for the Assessment on Pollination and Pollinators associated with Food Production ▶ with support from United States Department of Agriculture Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Food and Agriculture Organization United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization ▶ 1–5 December 2014 • Smithsonian Tropical Resource Institute • Panama City, Panama Science and Policy for People and Nature Published in 2015 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, 7, place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP, France Organized by the IPBES Task Force on Indigenous and Local Knowledge Systems (ILK) – sub-group for the pollination assessment: Phil Lyver Edgar Perez Manuela Carneiro da Cunha Ro Hill Alfred Oteng-Yeboah Marie Roué Randy Thaman In collaboration with the following members of the IPBES Expert Group for the Pollination Assessment: Vera Imperatriz Fonseca (co-chair) Sara Jo Breslow Damayanti Buchori Maria del Coro Arizmendi Mary Gikungu Dino Martins With support from: D. Nakashima, S. Heckler and J. Rubis, UNESCO, Technical Support Unit for the IPBES Task Force on Indigenous and Local Knowledge H. Ngo, Technical Support for the IPBES Expert Group for the Thematic Assessment on Pollination and Pollinators associated with Food Production N. Azzu, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) © UNESCO 2015 SC-2015/WS/ This publication is available in Open Access under the Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 IGO (CC-BY-SA 3.0 IGO) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/igo/). By using the content of this publication, the users accept to be bound by the terms of use of the UNESCO Open Access Repository (http://www.unesco.org/open-access/terms-use-ccbysa-en). The present license applies exclusively to the text content of the publication. For the use of any material not clearly identified as belonging to UNESCO, prior permission shall be requested from: [email protected] or UNESCO Publishing, 7, place de Fontenoy, 75352 Paris 07 SP France. The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The ideas and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors; they are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. Cover photo: Morguefile Graphic and cover design, typeset: Julia Cheftel Illustrations: Nicolas Césard, Valentinus Heri, James (Tahae) Doherty, Kirituia Tumarae-Teka and Jeronimo Kahn Villas-Boas Edited by: K. Galloway McLean Printed by: UNESCO Printed in Paris, France To be cited as: Lyver, P., E. Perez, M. Carneiro da Cunha and M. Roué (eds.). 2015. Indigenous and Local Knowledge about Pollination and Pollinators associated with Food Production: Outcomes from the Global Dialogue Workshop (Panama 1-5 December 2014). UNESCO: Paris. Table of Contents Introduction _________________________________________________________________5 PART I – Proceedings of the Global Dialogue on Indigenous and Local Knowledge about Pollination and Pollinators associated with Food Production _____________________ 7 I.1 Indonesian forest communities: Indigenous and local knowledge of pollination and pollinators associated with food production ___________________8 Nicolas Césard and Valentinus Heri I.2 Ogiek peoples of Kenya: Indigenous and local knowledge of pollination and pollinators associated with food production ________________________________18 John Samorai Lengoisa I.3 Tūhoe Tuawhenua (Māori, New Zealand) knowledge of pollination and pollinators associated with food production ______________________________________ 27 James (Tahae) Doherty and Kirituia Tumarae-Teka I.4 Guna peoples of Panama: Indigenous and local knowledge about pollination and pollinators associated with food production ____________________________ 38 Belisario López, Florina López Miro, Atencio López & Elmer Enrico Gonzalez López I.5 Indigenous knowledge systems and social-environmental management of pollination and pollinators in the Xingu Indigenous Park, Brazilian Amazon ____ 46 Simone Athayde I.6 The Kawaiweté people’s traditional knowledge about bees: Xingu Park, Brazil __ 55 Jeronimo Kahn Villas-Boas I.7 Conservation of the local Black Honeybee (Apis mellifera mellifera) and maintenance of traditional beekeeping practices in Cévennes, France _______ 73 Carole Pierlovisi I.8 From nature to culture, to crises, and back: a reflection on ontological and epistemological aspects of indigenous and academic knowledge systems related to bees __________________________________________________________ 76 Julio López and Simone Athayde I.9 Indigenous peoples’ and local communities’ valuation and values regarding pollinators: a Mayan perspective ______________________________________ 80 Edgar Perez Part II – Report on the Outcomes of the Global Dialogue Workshop _________________________________________91 II.1. Background ____________________________________________________________92 II.2. Global Call for Submissions on ILK about pollination and pollinators ___________93 II.3. The Global Dialogue Workshop ___________________________________________94 II.4. Organization of the Workshop to facilitate ILK-Science dialogues ______________95 II.5. Lessons Learned for Building ILK into IPBES Assessments ____________________97 Annex 1 – Agenda of the Global Dialogue Workshop ____________________________98 Annex 2 – List of Participants _______________________________________________ 102 Introduction The Intergovernmental Platform for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) includes as one of its operating principles the following commitment: Recognize and respect the contribution of indigenous and local knowledge to the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and ecosystems. UNEP/IPBES.MI/2/9, Appendix 1, para. 2 (d) This operating principle embeds the recognition of and respect for indigenous and local knowledge in all aspects of IPBES, including in the scientific and technical functions of the IPBES Multidisciplinary Expert Panel (MEP): Explore ways and means to bring different knowledge systems, including indigenous knowledge systems, into the science-policy interface. UNEP/IPBES.MI/2/9, Appendix 1, para. 15 (g) To spearhead its work on this challenging objective, IPBES Plenary created at its Second Meeting a task force on indigenous and local knowledge systems (ILK). The present document is a contribution of the IPBES task force on ILK to the IPBES assessment on Pollination and Pollinators associated with Food Production. Its aim is twofold: ▶ To assist the co-chairs, coordinating lead authors and lead authors of the Pollination Assessment by facilitating their access to indigenous and local knowledge relevant to the assessment theme. ▶ To pilot the initial approaches and procedures for building ILK into IPBES assessments that are under development by the ILK task force in order to test their efficacy and improve the final ILK approaches and procedures that the task force will propose to the Plenary of IPBES. To meet these two objectives in the framework of the pollination assessment, the task force on ILK implemented a step-wise process including: ▶ A global call for submissions on ILK related to pollination and pollinators associated with food production; ▶ A selection of the most relevant submissions from ILK holders and experts; ▶ Organization of a Global Dialogue Workshop (Panama, 1-4 December 2014) to bring together the selected ILK holders/experts with a co-chair and several authors of the IPBES assessment report; ▶ Development of proceedings from the Global Dialogue workshop in Panama that provide a compendium of relevant ILK for authors to consider, alongside ILK available from the scientific and grey literature, when drafting the pollination assessment report; and ▶ Organisation of local follow-up work sessions by the selected ILK holders/experts in order to work with their communities to address additional questions and gaps identified with authors at the Panama workshop. The Proceedings from the Global Dialogue Workshop held in Panama is presented in Part I. They include a series of case studies provided by ILK holders and experts, and based on indigenous and local knowledge from Brazil, Indonesia, Kenya, New Zealand and Panama. Presented and discussed with a pollination assessment co-chair and authors at the Panama workshop, these case studies