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An Evaluation of Discover Myplate: an Inquiry-Based Nutrition Education Curriculum for Kindergarten Students Copyright: © 2017 Friesen, Et Al

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An Evaluation of Discover Myplate: an Inquiry-Based Nutrition Education Curriculum for Kindergarten Students Copyright: © 2017 Friesen, Et Al www.symbiosisonline.org Symbiosis www.symbiosisonlinepublishing.com Research Article Journal of Nutritional Health & Food Science Open Access An Evaluation of Discover MyPlate: An Inquiry- Based Nutrition Education Curriculum for Kindergarten Students Beth L Metzler1, Alan C Yen2, Amber R Haroldson2, Carol A Friesen3* 1Master of Science, College of Applied Sciences and Technology. 2Assistant Professor, Department of Family and Consumer Science, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, United States 3Professor of Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Nutrition and Health Science, Ball State University, Muncie, IN, United State Received: January 02, 2017; Accepted: February 03,2017; Published: February 20, 2017 *Corresponding author: Carol A Friesen, Professor of Nutrition and Dietetics, Department of Nutrition and Health Science, Ball State University, 2000 W. University Ave., Muncie, IN 47306, Phone: 1-765-285-5925; Fax: 1-765-285-3210; E-mail: [email protected] Abstract diets of children aged 2 to 6 year [4]. The consumption of high-fat indicates a significant increase in savory and sweet snacks in the excess calories to children’s diets, along with the increased use The prevalence of childhood obesity has tripled in the past 30 processed foods and sugar-sweetened beverages that contribute partneryears. Establishing in establishing healthy healthy eating andlifestyle physical in children.activity patterns Using anat an early age lowers the risk of obesity, making schools an important impacted children’s health [9]. of technology and decrease in physical activity, have significantly educationexperimental lessons design, from this Discover study was MyPlate conducted with a infocus a rural on the Midwestern nutrition school district to examine the impact of five 30-minute nutrition to 19 has tripled in the past 30 years from 5.5 percent in 1980 Concordantly, the prevalence of obesity for children aged 2 students. The results suggest that Discover MyPlate to 16.9 percent in 2012 [6]. As seen in a cohort study of 9,000 knowledge, attitudes, and healthy eating behaviors of kindergarten was effective for teaching children about healthy eating. However, no evidence was students, the prevalence of obesity increased from 12.4 percent Keywords: Discover Myplate; by eighth grade [3]. obtained to indicate eating behaviors were immediately affected. overweight or obese in kindergarten to 20.8 of the same students Nutrition Education; Team With the current diets of children and the increased rates of Nutrition; Childhood Obesity; Nutrition Curriculum; Myplate; Healthy Eating; Kindergarten; Students recognizes the need for nutrition education programs to Introduction overweight and obesity, the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics educationinfluence children’s in the schools dietary and intake community [14]. While programs parents can and play early a According to the United States Department of Agriculture, feeding practices greatly affect a child’s eating behavior, formal United States Department of Health and Human Services (2010), the average child 4 to 8 years old needs an estimated 1,200-1,400 significant role in establishing these behaviors [16]. Especially calories per day, with a recommended daily intake of 5 ounces outsideif the child the homelacks [10].an avenue for learning about nutrition in the grain, 1½ cups vegetables, 1½ cups fruit, 2½ cups dairy, and 4 family or home, nutrition education may have to rely on sources ounces protein. MyPlate, a depiction of how to build a healthy meal, serves to remind people to eat from all five food groups and iscover MyPlate nutrition education curriculum for [17]. The United States Department of Agriculture’s Team Nutrition urges individuals to make half of their plate fruits and vegetables released the D indicate current consumption patterns for fruit among children kindergarten students in June 2014 (White et al. 2014). Although National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data formative research was completed in developing the curriculum, 30-minuteno published nutrition evaluation education of the lessons curriculum from thehas Discover been identified. MyPlate downward4 years of age trend and in older,fruit consumption and vegetables as children for children get older 2 years and of a The purpose of this study was to measure the impact of five age and older, are below recommended levels [10, 12] noted a curriculum on the nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and healthy Analysis of food consumption data from 1989 through 2008 school district. deficit in dark green vegetable consumption altogether. eating behaviors of kindergarten students in a rural, Midwestern Symbiosis Group *Corresponding author email: [email protected] An Evaluation of Discover MyPlate: An Inquiry-Based Nutrition Education Curriculum for Kindergarten Students Copyright: © 2017 Friesen, et al. Methods pictures, answer choices, and logistics were made prior to giving research” by the assessments (Figures 1 & 2). This program evaluation was deemed “non-human subject the University’s Institutional Review Board. The The validated and piloted student pre-assessment was given intervention school submitted a letter requesting that this to completeall full-day the kindergarten assessment onestudents on one in with four either classrooms the primary from nutrition education curriculum be implemented. Previous data researcherthe intervention or one school. of the fourStudents trained were research called assistants. into the hallway Absent from the intervention school corporation revealed 46 percent 54.1overweight percent and of theobesity students rate inamong the target students, elementary with only school 18 percent eating 2 fruits and 3 vegetables daily, [1]. Additionally, students were noted and given the assessment within a few days. Using aover quasi-experimental, MyPlate while theconvenience remaining sample two design,classroo twoms received a free or reduced priced lunch [8]. of information was sent home with each student outlining the classrooms were randomly selected to receive the five lessons upcomingIn collaboration with each kindergarten teacher, a letter from Disc Discover MyPlate The Discover MyPlate student and parent, were created based on the Discover MyPlate served as controls. program evaluation. Two surveys, curriculum was condensed into five 30-minute lessons to cover key objectives within the stated time objectives, as well as methodology and instruments from similar the following topics: agreement with the intervention school. The five lessons covered program evaluations [2, 5]. The student survey was piloted on • six kindergarten students from outside the intervention school. Three experts in the field tested the student and parent surveys The five food groups for content and construct validity. Improvements to wording, Student Survey Questions (Qualtrics) 13. Have you eaten a kiwi before? 1. Student’s gender 2. Student’s teacher 3. Student’s name 4. Do you know what a food group is? 14. How does eating this fruit make you feel? 5. How many food groups do you think there are? 6. Can you tell me the names of the food groups? (Click the box next to each group he/she can name.) o Fruits o Vegetables o Protein/ Meat 15. How does eating this vegetable make you feel? o Dairy/ Milk o Grains/ Breads 7. MyPlate is a picture that reminds people what to eat every day to be healthy. Can you point to the MyPlate picture? (student will choose from 16. How about this vegetable? (broccoli) three pictures) 17. Is this a healthy choice to fuel your body so you can play? o Soda o Whole Grain Cereal o Potato Chips o Vegetables and Fruits (broccoli, carrot, lettuce, tomato, pear, peach) 8. What food group do these foods belong in? (a picture of various grains). 9. Have you eaten any fruit today? (Assessments done in afternoon.) 10. Have you eaten any vegetables today?? 11. What is your favorite colorful fruit? 12. What is your favorite colorful vegetable Figure 1: Child Assessment Citation: Discover MyPlate 2 of 6 Metzler BL, Yen AC, Haroldson AR, Friesen CA (2017) An Evaluation of : An Inquiry-Based Nutrition Page jnhfs.2016.001852017. Education Curriculum for Kindergarten Students. J Nutrition Health Food Sci 5(1): 1-6. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15226/ An Evaluation of Discover MyPlate: An Inquiry-Based Nutrition Education Curriculum for Kindergarten Students Copyright: © 2017 Friesen, et al. Discover MyPlate PARENT/GUARDIAN SURVEY Child’s Name: ___________________ Teacher__________________ 1. In the past month, have you noticed any changes in your child’s eating behaviors? ☐ No, no change ☐ Yes, a positive change (e.g., they are eating and asking for healthier foods!) If yes, what changes have you seen? ______________________________________ 2. In general, does your child usually like eating fruits? ☐ No ☐ Yes 3. In general, does your child usually like eating vegetables? ☐ No ☐ Yes 4. In the past month, have you noticed a change in your child’s attitude toward eating fruits? ☐ No, no change ☐ Yes, a positive change (e.g., eating more fruit/asking for fruit) ☐ Yes, a negative change (e.g., not willing to eat fruit/never asking for fruit) 5. In the past month, have you noticed a change in your child’s attitude toward eating vegetables? ☐ No, no change ☐ Yes, a positive change (e.g., eating more veggies/asking for veggies or a salad) ☐ Yes, a negative change (e.g., not willing to eat veggies/never asking for veggies) 6. Has your child tried eating a NEW fruit recently? ☐ No ☐ Yes. If yes, what fruit/fruits? ________________________________
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