Vol. 19, No. 3 Fall 2011 Cal-IPC News Protecting ’s Natural Areas from Wildland Weeds

Quarterly Newsletter of the California Invasive Plant Council

CCal-IPCal-IPC celebratescelebrates 2020 years!years!

At one of Cal-IPC’s fi eld trips at the 20th Annual Inside: Symposium participants biked to the Upper Truckee Marsh, the largest tributary of Lake Perennial pepperweed decision guide ..4 Tahoe. Perennial pepperweed invaded the adjoin- ing meadow in the 1980s and has been under Long-term broom management ...... 6 control for more than a decade. 2011 Symposium in photos ...... 8 Invasive plants in nurseries ...... 12 Interview with Mike Kelly ...... 13 From the Director’s Desk What’s in a word?

Cal-IPC rticles have been fl ying around news outlets lately questioning the concept of “invasive species” and the utility of ecological restoration work. Is it “Time to Stop 1442-A Walnut Street, #462 A Berkeley, CA 94709 Worrying about Invasive Species” as suggested by Scientifi c American (6/8/11)? ph (510) 843-3902 fax (510) 217-3500 www.cal-ipc.org [email protected] The primary provocation for these articles is a short opinion piece called “Don’t A California 501(c)3 nonprofi t organization judge species on their origins” from June’s Nature magazine. The basic thesis of the Protecting California’s lands and waters from ecologically-damaging invasive plants piece is hardly revolutionary; it is that not all non-native species are bad. Unfortunately through science, education, and policy. the authors imply that this is indeed revolutionary news, that land managers are STAFF operating with blinders trying to “restore ecosystems to some ‘rightful’ historical state.” Doug Johnson, Executive Director Elizabeth Brusati, Science Program Manager (It is also troubling that the authors place importance in the fact that “introduction of Alice Chung, Training Program Specialist non-native species has almost always increased the number of species in a region.” Or in Heather DeQuincy, Outreach Program Manager the fact that tamarisk uses the same amount of groundwater as native willows—per leaf Ginny King, Program Assistant Agustín Luna, Business Manager area, and guess which has a lot more leaf area?) Bertha McKinley, Program Assistant As for the basic point of the piece, I agree with the authors: some non-native plants Dana Morawitz, Mapping Program Manager Tony Morosco, Mapping Specialist can play a harmless, potentially even useful role in ecological function. In setting Cynthia Powell, Mapping & Modeling Specialist priorities, land managers target non-natives whose impact is apparent, while leaving Falk Schuetzenmeister, Mapping & Modeling Specialist less damaging invasives. And in cases where non-native plants may be playing a role in Arpita Sinha, Training Program Specialist Jen Stern, Training Program Manager supporting other species, land managers design their work accordingly. Working with

DIRECTORS non-native species as part of the mix will be increasingly important for conservation as Jason Giessow, President climate change results in shifting vegetation communities, Dendra, Inc. John Knapp, Vice-President The challenge remains determining the impacts – harmful or benefi cial – of a Native Range, Inc. Doug Gibson, Treasurer particular species. As Carla D’Antonio, keynote speaker at our recent Symposium, San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy pointed out, one scientifi c defi nition of “invasive” is simply “a non-native species that Julie Horenstein, Secretary California Department of Fish & Game is spreading.” It’s when an organization like Cal-IPC adds “and causes ecological harm” Edith Allen -Riverside to the equation that the accounting gets more diffi cult. Published studies of impacts are Peter Beesley limited, and placing a value on impacts becomes subjective. I expect that attributing Pacifi c Gas and Electric benefi cial ecological impacts is equally challenging. Jason Casanova Council for Watershed Health Edmund Duarte The authors’ recommendation to “organize priorities around whether species are Alameda County Department of Agriculture producing benefi ts or harm to biodiversity, human health, ecological services and Valerie Eviner University of California-Davis economies… and much less on where they originated” is not news to land managers. Kim Hayes Though the authors and media may prefer to treat the topic as revelatory, it is closer to Foundation Sue Hubbard common sense. Federal Employee Brent Johnson Pinnacles National Monument Shawn Kelly Southern California Wetlands Recovery Project Shea O’Keefe Natural Resources Conservation Service Peter Schuyler Ecological Consultant Andrea Williams Marin Municipal Water District STUDENT LIAISONS Chelsea Carey, UC Merced Kai Palenscar, UC Riverside Affi liations for identifi cation purposes only. Cal-IPC News Fall 2011 - Volume 19, Number 3 Editors: Doug Johnson, Elizabeth Brusati, Heather DeQuincy Cal-IPC News is published quarterly by the California Invasive Plant Council. Articles may be reprinted with permission from the editors. Submissions are welcome. Mention of commercial products does not imply endorsement by Cal-IPC. We reserve the right to edit all work. Symposium attendees making connections. See page 8 for more photos. Cal-IPC is an equal opportunity employer.

2 Cal-IPC News Fall 2011 Wildland Weed NewsNewsNewsNewsNews

The state of California adopted a currently spent to control species such as Japanese dodder has been detected “Strategic Framework for Protecting Burmese pythons and Asian carp. in Lompoc, Santa Barbara County, California from Invasive Species”. www.news.ucdavis.edu for the fi rst time. This parasitic plant Leaders of six agencies signed off on the UC Davis research has found that looks like bright orange spaghetti and document, which makes 46 recommenda- organic herbicides can be effective when can infest street trees, other ornamental tions for strengthening a coordinated weeds are small and environmental plants, and agricultural crops. It is response to invasive species. The docu- conditions are optimum. However, much larger than similar native spe- ment was developed by the state’s advisory organic herbicides only kill contacted cies of dodder. See www.dodder.org for committee on invasive species. The group tissue, good organic herbicide coverage is photos and more information. Report will now begin work on implementation. essential. Organic herbicides only burn sightings of this species to your county www.iscc.ca.gov back the tops of perennial weeds, and agricultural commissioner’s offi ce. www. Risk assessments to block invasive they recover quickly. Organic herbicides kionrightnow.com/story/15379612/ wildlife would pay off. A UC Davis have no residual activity on subsequent invasive-plant-found-in-lompoc study recently published in the journal weed emergence. Researchers tested “Noninvasive” cultivars may not be Ecological Economics estimated that a several organic herbicides in agricultural as safe as advertised. Researchers at nationwide risk-screening system would situations so it is uncertain how well Washington University and the Chicago yield net benefi ts ranging from approxi- the results would translate to wildlands. Botanic Garden, studying woody mately $54,000 to $141,000 per species. ucanr.org/blogs/blogcore/postdetail. ornamental plants, found that claims of They based their estimate on money cfm?postnum=5623 environmental safety are in most cases based on misleading evidence that greatly underestimates the plants’ invasive Cal-IPC Updates New tools from Cal-IPC! potential. What is more, the offspring See page 7 for information on the of cultivars do not usually “breed true” Board election results “Prevention Best Management Practices and may reproduce more than their Please welcome new board for Land Managers” manual and page 11 parents, especially if they cross with members Dan Knapp (Los Angeles for infomation on the CalWeedMapper plants from nearby wildland popula- Conservation Corps) and Chris website. tions. Even a 95% reduction in seed McDonald (UC Cooperative production may not be enough to make Extension, San Bernardino, an ornamental cultivar non-invasive. Riverside, and Imperial Counties), www.aibs.org/bioscience-press-releases who will begin their terms in The National Biological Information January. Peter Beesley, Jason Infrastructure (NBII) is a victim of Giessow, and Peter Schuyler were budget cuts. A program of the US re-elected. Offi cers for 2012 will Geological Survey, NBII includes be John Knapp (President), Jason resources such as maps of the vegeta- Casanova (Vice-President), Julie tion in National Parks; the “National Horenstein (Secretary), and Doug Framework for Early Detection, Rapid Gibson (Treasurer). Valerie Eviner, Assessment, and Rapid Response to Brent Johnson, and Shea O’Keefe will Invasive Species”; and the Gap Analysis leave the board in December 2011. New t-shirts At the symposium we offered new Program with digital species distribu- New grants long-sleeved t-shirts. The dark brown tion maps. All of its projects and its We have received a grant from the shirts can be ordered from our website website will end in January 2012. www. Marisla Foundation to support the at www.cal-ipc.org/shop/index.php or call nbii.gov training program. (510) 843-3902. Sizes L, XL, and XXL A new aerial survey method shows that Staff changes are available (the shirts run small). leafy spurge is expanding after fi re in Suzanne Harmon has left Cal-IPC Membership renewal Idaho. Very Large Scale Aerial Imagery, to manage an organic farm in It’s time to renew your membership for or VLSA, is a new way to collect Sonoma County, with sheep for 2012. Make it easy and renew online high-resolution photos automatically weed control! now. www.cal-ipc.org/about/membership ...continued page 14

Cal-IPC News Fall 2011 3 Perennial pepperweed control decision guide by Christine Whitcraft, CSU Long Beach

erennial pepperweed (Lepidium Platifolium) is a non-native crucifer (mustard family) that was introduced to California from southeastern Eurasia in the 1930s. By 1993, perennial pep- perweed was viewed as a major weed throughout the western states in a variety of habitats (Young et al. 1998, Renz 2001, Wilson et al. 2008). The Cal-IPC Inventory rates it as a highly invasive plant with high ecological impact, great invasive potential, and widespread The extent of perennial pepperweed invasion becomes clear during the fl owering distribution. It is also a CDFA B listed season, shown here in the lightest color bloom. species. It is very diffi cult to control because new plants can easily regenrate pepperweed can potentially impact food- principal aim was to address the from pieces of roots left in the soil, even web structure by shifting the invertebrate question of the state of the science and those less than one inch long. community to species not widely management of perennial pepperweed consumed (Reynolds and Boyer 2009). in the San Francisco Bay area and the The ecological impacts of perennial These extensive ecological impacts occur Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. This pepperweed establishment are extensive within areas of high conservation value required a two-pronged approach: (1) and varied. In rangeland and agricultural and emphasize the need for well-designed understanding the ecology and impacts of settings established colonies are typically control and eradication strategies. perennial pepperweed, and (2) discussing monocultures (Young et al. 1998). Yet, and designing effective management and in estuarine wetlands, several plant and Perennial pepperweed symposium control efforts. animal species co-exist with perennial To address these needs the San pepperweed as an understory species Another goal of the symposia was to Francisco Bay National Estuarine (Reynolds and Boyer 2009). create a decision guide that could help Research Reserve (SF Bay NERR), Solano streamline decision-making about control Wetland ecosystems are particularly Land Trust (SLT), and California Coastal and reduction of perennial pepperweed susceptible to invasion due to their by managers and landowners (Figure 1). landscape position, and ecosystem The decision guide highlights important functions and human services they characteristics of wetland habitats (e.g. provide can be compromised by such invasions (Zedler and Kercher 2004).

Invaded habitat is Invasive plant species are increasingly aquatic or terrestrial

Terrestrial Wetland (aquatic) signifi cant management problems in (see other chart) wetlands globally. In response to these Classify Flow problems, land managers face daily Vernal pool Seasonal Tidal (muted) Tidal (full salinity) No Imaz No Telar Special considerations apply (label specs.) LELA not common -not covered in this document in full salinity questions about the most effective and Classify Veg LELA is mixed responsible way to control perennial with other veg

Density Identify associated Classify Soil Identify Associated Environmental pepperweed and about whether eradica- Canopy Closure vegetation Animals Condition Composition No rare animals * Rare plants under No rare plants under * Rare or endangered nearby or nearby or nearby animal using habitat Wet Year Dry Year Thick Stands Thin Stands Compactness tion is possible. Mineral Organic Range of herb and Depending on non-herb possible animals New Satellite Upstream First Remove Thatch and soil Nest Finding Determine life history traits and Central pops. Different phenology Similar phenology Range of herb and No Imaz Pre-spray of associated animals First Dip and Cut Hand Removal Demonstrate control (i.e. flowering later) non-herb possible Possible w/glyphosate Flag and avoid In the San Francisco Estuary, perennial Hardpacked soil regardless of Choose treatment time Susceptible to Treatment choice Early season spray not susceptible Buffer Zones Hand wicking or No mowing trampling damage treamtnent to minimize impacts based on on LELA Avoid treatment to trampling damage veg, soil, animal established painting possible or grazing

Can apply integrated pepperweed alters native plant communi- Treatment choice Treatment choice Reduced Contain spread Minimize trampling Spray if seasonal Manual removal if management based on soil, animal based on soil, animal control outside patch patterns allow trampling is (mechanical and chemical) not an issue

Early if LELA ties including several endangered ones If spraying appropriate up first No Grazing or mowing backpack or small aerial (Grewell et al. 2007, Fiedler et al. 2007). Conservancy organized * Defer to permitting agancy BMP’s Hand pulling Inundation Mowing Tarping The presence of perennial pepperweed a symposia series also alters soil properties, biogeochemical in 2008 on peren- Perennial pepperweed control decision guide for wetlands. cycling, and supply of detritus (Blank nial pepperweed Use this tool to determine the most appropriate type of and Young 2002). Finally, perennial with several goals control for the situation. Available at www.cal-ipc.org/ip/ in mind. Our management/plant_profi les/Lepidium_latifolium.php

4 Cal-IPC News Fall 2011 Table 1. Perennial pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium, LELA) summary treatment chart of pros and cons associated with particular herbicide and mechanical treatment options for within wetland ecosystems.

Herbicide with potential wetland application options Name Pros Cons demonstrated effectiveness in some treatments over potential toxicity implications; special applicator permit 2,4 D several year reapplication required; limited effectiveness in some studies commonly used; good on thin stands; does not bind glyphosate potential non-target impacts to other vegetation to soil; limited reported toxicity potential for control in single application; demon- binds to soil; demonstrated residual and non-target imazapyr strated effi cacy in tidal systems impacts in some systems demonstrated sigifi cant and multi-year control in not rated for wetland/aquatic use; potential non-target chlorsulfuron some systems impacts Mechanism of herbicide application aerial cover larger areas economically requires proper equipment, drift is a potential issue time-consuming, expensive labor; potential health issues backpack target specifi c application; limited drift for applicator; trampling is potential issue time-consuming; expensive labor; impossible to apply wicking minimizes damage to non-target, sensitive plants large-scale; often less effective control time-consuming; expensive labor; impossible to apply painting minimizes damage to non-target, sensitive plants large-scale; often less effective control truck-mounted least impact, faster and easier than backpack high initial cost, need to be w/in 1200 ft of vehicle hose reel amphibious access across rougher terrain highest impact on sensitive areas vehicle ATV cover larger areas, one person-job, more economical only acceptable on dry, harder soils Mechanical control with potential wetland application potential selectivity; lower residual impacts than potential impacts less well-researched (nutrients, tram- grazing some herbicides; continual grazing can control pling, containment issues, non-selectivity) non-discriminate; potentially dangerous to wildlife; burning kills most plants including LELA ineffective for control tarping kills most plants including LELA; control unknown not selective; non-target impacts not well-researched disking lower residual impacts than some herbicides potentially dangerous to wildlife; can increase spread lower residual impacts than some herbicides; impossible on soft soils; dangerous to wildlife; little mowing consistant mowing can reduce carbohydrate reserves control alone; not selective inundation natural solution; restoration at same time expensive; requires extensive planning active can increase native diversity and density; can control costly; requires extensive planning restoration Extensive literature review and follow-up conversations (omitted from this article) were involved in the production of this table. plant biomass, height, soil parameters, Eradication is the removal of every is not possible. At the SF Bay NERR native plant composition) that should be individual and propagule of an invasive symposium, it was generally agreed considered when deciding on a treatment species, and where possible is the favored that perennial pepperweed programs in course. A separate decision guide was also management choice (Zaveleta et al. 2001). wetlands should be aimed at control or assembled for terrestrial ecosystems. However, complete eradication may not containment, not eradication, in order to Establishing reasonable goals be feasible for many invaders. Control be feasible. and containment both require indefi nite There is a crucial need for continued Numerous attempts have been investments of time, tools and money development and application of effective undertaken to control, contain or to keep an invader at bay but provide eradicate perennial pepperweed. alternative strategies when eradication ...continued page 11

Cal-IPC News Fall 2011 5 Feature Long-term broom management by Ken Moore, Wildlands Restoration Team, Santa Cruz, [email protected]

hat does analytic geometry While this appears to be the hardest step, Whave to do with invasive plant it is actually the easiest, even though it is management? In analytic geometry, an the most work! People love the satisfaction asymptote of a curve is a straight line that they get from visible results. gets closer and closer to the curve, but Phase 2 is dealing with the sea of never actually touches it. The distance seedlings triggered from the seedbank by between the curve and the line continually broom removal. Now the real diffi culty approaches zero as they tend to infi nity. of controlling broom becomes apparent. The asymptote has applications in fi elds People don’t relish pulling endless such as quantum mechanics, particle seedlings. Where they can be used, theory, even philosophy. methods like fl aming and foliar spray are best for larger sites. But after a few years, native plant growth on most sites will preclude using either of these methods. Phase 3 is when native plants have achieved suffi cient size and density so that broom is hard to see. Hand pulling asymptote or stem treatments are required now, and even seasoned pullers are missing broom. You are close to fi nishing, yet it is increasingly hard to prevent any seed set. Broom control Phase 1: Weed workers, The asymptote principle! Paul Simon put volunteers and large equipment remove It also serves as a great metaphor. As it succinctly: “The nearer your destina- broom. This can be very satisfying! you approach infi nity (or completion, tion, the more you’re slip-sliding away.” perfection, etc.) each further step becomes more diffi cult. Take sharpening a cutting However, forces are gathering out Deer, rabbits, squirrels, gophers, wood implement. Sharpening weed tools is there which have taken me 25 years to rats, mice, and voles have all benefi tted fairly easy. But obtaining the edge needed fully appreciate. Their effects are only from our removing many of their for a surgeon’s scalpel requires honing beginning to become visibly apparent, predators. There are more hungry mouths with successively fi ner stones, followed by and are therefore under-valued by many to feed out there, especially herbivores. polishing with successively fi ner rouges. land managers. Being nature’s larder on the hoof, they However, even that mirror edge looks Broom cannot tolerate heavy shade. It multiply copiously! rough under a microscope, because the usually established following logging or Not only are there more mouths, fi nest abrasives still cannot produce the other activities that removed tree canopy. there’s less native forage available to them. theoretically perfect, sharpest edge. Now that these areas are recovering, As we “convert” natural areas and invasive In weed work where eradication is broom is increasingly shaded out. And species displace natives, those mouths may the ultimate goal, infi nity equals zero where we’re boosting native re-growth by increasingly turn to non-native plants to presence. This is always challenging, removing broom, the effect is dramatic. survive. but broom, more than any other plant I Check seed pods in shady areas. They may But evolution does not manifest have tackled, epitomizes the asymptote still form, but not reach maturity. itself overnight, so it is no wonder that principle. Evolution is also helping. Yep, even early signs of adaptation to broom by Three phases of broom control on broom sites! When broom initially browsers go unnoticed. On sites where established here, browsing animals like broom removal is not underway, it is Phase 1 is removal of standing deer probably ignored it. But sooner or easy to miss, but look closely and you broom. Everything from hands to heavy later, one gets curious: “Hmmm, not will see it, even there. On sites where equipment is employed at this stage. bad.” The word gets around! broom is being controlled, the effects

6 Cal-IPC News Fall 2011 Gophers and ground squirrels, who work mostly underground, can com- pletely sever the roots of large broom.

has kicked in! Browsers may not eradicate broom by themselves, but they are not Check for sharp angled cuts on broom Wood rats, rabbits, mice, and voles alone! (There are many more of us out around the edges of infestations. These gnaw the tender cambium layer, and can there, as well. Some 150 people attended are made as deer nip off the tender ends eventually girdle stems on the interior of Cal-IPC’s initial gathering in 1992, and of young plants. broom infestations. I remember wondering if we could ever assemble that number again.) Seeing of browsing escalate. As fewer plants hungry mouths are out there 24/7! browsers closing ranks behind us is empowering. The best allies we could ever remain, they get hammered even harder. Are you feeling like these factors aren’t have are the very ones we are working to This is particularly helpful in Phase 3, signifi cant? Think longer term, when save. when plants are harder to fi nd. And those escalation of these combined processes

Preventing the Spread of Invasive Plants: Best Management Practices For Land Managersers

Cal-IPC has a new tool for land managers: a manual describing prevention Best Management Practices (BMPs). Prevention practices are essential for limiting the introduction and spread of invasive plants. Increasing awareness of potential vectorsors for the spread of invasive plants is critical to meeting conservation goals. This manual provides essential guidelines for integrating prevention BMPs into land management. Land managers can use this manual to conduct trainings for work crews, provide language for contractor specifi cations, and to develop educational materials for the public. It also includes ready-to-use checklists for planners and fi eld crews. Each BMP is appropriate for particular situations; managers can select those that are practical for their use. Download the manual at www.cal-ipc.org/ip/ prevention This manual was funded through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, with funding provided by the USDA Forest Service, State and Private Forestry through the California Department of Food and Agriculture.

Cal-IPC News Fall 2011 7 2011 Cal-IPC Symposium in Tahoe

wenty years ago, a small group of people interested in invasive Tplants met in Morro Bay to discuss forming a new organization to support invasive plant research and management. Little did they know that, two decades later, Cal-IPC would hold its 20th Annual Symposium with 300 attendees, a pre-symposium fi eld course, 33 presentations, 21 posters, six discussion groups and three fi eld trips. Although the snowy weather created some challenges, the sun came out in time for Friday fi eld trips.

Attendees gathered at the Granibakken Conference Center in Tahoe City for two days of presentations.

The Symposium is always a time to meet friends again. Long-time member Ken Moore (see his article on pg 6) with founding board member Greg Archbald. Cindy Roessler of Midpennisula Regional Open Space District peruses one of the many great raffl e prizes.

At the poster session, Eric Wrubel, NPS.

At the Oktoberfest, board members Peter Beesley and Jason Giessow Find Symposium papers, posters celebrate a year’s worth of great work. and presentations at WWW.CAL-IPC.ORG

8 Cal-IPC News Fall 2011 Congratulations to our 2011 Award Winners! Jake Sigg Award for Vision and Dedicated Service: Joe DiTomaso, of the University of California, Davis, for providing extremely valuable resources, tools, and books for land managers in California and beyond, and for helping guide Cal-IPC in many endeavors. Ryan Jones Catalyst Award: Dan Gluesenkamp of Calfl ora and Andrea Williams of the Marin Municipal Water District, for taking tremendous initiative in conceiving and building the Bay Area Early Detection Network (BAEDN). Joe DiTomaso received a standing ovation. Policy and Media Award: USDA’s Plant Protection and Quarantine Division for approving the new NAPPRA protocol, which requires plant imports to be screened for invasiveness. This is a major step in limiting the introduction of new invasive plants into the country. Golden Weed Wrench Award for Land Manager of the Year: Sue Donaldson, of the University of Nevada Cooperative Extension, for her establishment of successful Weed Warrior programs and her founding and coordinating the Lake Tahoe Basin Weed Coordinating Group. Organization of the Year: Lake Tahoe Basin Weed Coordinating Group, for actively representing fi ve counties within two states, annually surveying 5,000 acres, hosting educational workshops, and establishing herbicide use guidelines in a region known for its strict water control board. Student Paper Contest: 1st Place: Kai Palenscar, UC Riverside: “How does light attenuation affect giant reed (Arundo donax) establishment?” 2nd Place: Chelsea Carey, UC Merced. 3rd Place: Rachel Brownsey, UC Davis. Board Award The Cal-IPC board honored Doug Johnson with a special award, for ten years of growing Sue Donaldson glowing! Cal-IPC’s capacity.

Photo Contest Winner: “Castor bean - The Movie” by Phillip Roullard (see www.cal-ipc.org/symposium). Pictured above left: “Spotted knapweed in Squaw Valley” by Christian Eggleton, Forester’s Co-Op; right: “Fennel confronts Frisco” by Ruth Gravanis. Cal-IPC News Fall 2011 9 Thank You Symposium Sponsors!

PLATINUM SPONSORS ACS Habitat Management California Landscape Conservation Cooperative Pacific Gas and Electric Company USDA Forest Service US Fish and Wildlife Service Wendy West and LeeAnne Mila discuss regional efforts to ~ Inventory and Monitoring Program control invasive plants at gravel suppliers. GOLD SPONSORS California Native Plant Society The state office and these chapters: Riverside/San Bernardino, San Diego, and Santa Clara Valley. & The California Exotic Plant Management Team Santa Ana Watershed Association Shelterbelt Builders, Inc. Sierra Nevada Conservancy

SILVER SPONSORS Bay Area Early Detection Network Lars Anderson, UC Davis, shows attendees native and non-native aquatic plants during the Emerald Bay fi eld trip. California Weed Science Society Center for Natural Lands Management Dudek & HRS Hedgerow Farms BRONZE SPONSORS B&J Trading, LLC California Dept. of Food and Ag. ~ Integrated Pest Control Branch Dendra, Inc. Dow AgroSciences DuPont Land Management GREEN SPONSORS Forester’s Co-Op Dana Morawitz and Cynthia Powell demonstrate Cal-IPC’s CalWeedMapper ICF International website during the poster and exhibitor session.

10 Cal-IPC News Fall 2011 CalWeedMapper goes live

al-IPC’s yearlong mapping effort, undertaken Cin partnership with WMAs and local experts across the state, has culminated in the release of CalWeedMapper, our new online mapping tool for invasive plants. Hosted by Calfl ora at calweedmapper. calfl ora.org, CalWeedMapper displays distribution, spread and management status for each species by USGS quad, as well as occurrence reports from Calfl ora and the Consortium of California Herbaria. CalWeedMapper also displays suitable range for spe- cies that we have modeled to date, including future climate scenarios. For any selected region, users can download a list of management opportunities in which relevant species are categorized as potential targets for surveillance, eradication, or containment. Users can also select individual quads to view source information and to add their own comments to help update the maps. Thank you to everyone who has participated in building this tool and dataset! CalWeedMapper was funded through the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act, with funding provided by the USDA Forest Service, State and Private Forestry through the California Department of Food and Agriculture. We welcome your feedback on the beta version of CalWeedMapper. Try it out, and send comments to [email protected]!

...perennial pepperweed from page 5 (omitted from this article) were involved Special considerations in the production of this table, and the eradication methodologies that are tai- Managing invasive weeds may also table continues to evolve as more research lored to the particular invaded ecosystem. affect biodiversity and endangered species is conducted on perennial pepperweed Recommended control programs will adversely. Poorly planned removal without control projects. Regardless of method, evaluate site attributes as well as control follow-up, such as vegetation restoration, small scale trials are a prudent fi rst step probabilities in the development of a might harm an endangered species. in any management area to determine comprehensive management strategy. Numerous properties within the Suisun effi cacy and possible non-target impacts. Ideally, a comprehensive control strategy Marsh contain endangered species, both should include a sequence involving (1) One of the largest challenges in fl ora and fauna. In some cases, treatment site assessment to avoid unwanted ecologi- comparing previous studies is consider- programs have even been repeatedly cal effects, (2) pre-control evaluation, and ation of the method details such as spray delayed because of use by endangered spe- (3) post-removal assessment of control/ rates, surfactant choice, and phenology at cies (i.e. perennial pepperweed in Benicia eradication effects on both the target time of application. Such details are not State Park). in this table but were discussed intensively organism and the invaded ecosystem as Combined with documents like the during the symposia. a whole. Early action is vital, but these pro/con treatment chart in Table 1, the steps ensure that any action taken is part In addition to the single method decision guide provides information about of a comprehensive plan and able to be results summarized in Table 1, integrated potential non-target impacts associated effectively evaluated for success. approaches can capitalize on weaknesses with different treatment courses. Not all Control techniques in perennial pepperweed life history environmental situations are covered, but and can offer the potential for increased the decision guide is meant to be used as a A variety of techniques have control of perennial pepperweed. Several tool to document potential pitfalls and to been attempted to control perennial recent studies have shown coordination share experiences of the San Francisco Bay pepperweed. These have been of mechanical and herbicide methods to community. Careful considerations of the summarized the pros and cons of result in perennial pepperweed control constraints in the individual landowner’s these in wetlands in Table 1. Extensive and containment. conversation and literature review ...continued page 14

Cal-IPC News Fall 2011 11 What invasive plants are for sale in California? by Christiana Conser, Project Scientist, Sustainable Conservation

ustainable Conservation’s PlantRight carry invasive plants (this is particu- PlantRight’s 19 Invasive Garden Plants Sprogram (plantright.org) works with larly true for the desert region). Common Name Scientifi c Name California’s nursery industry to voluntarily When the results are viewed by Arundo, giant reed Arundo donax stop the propagation, distribution and both region and store type, it is note- Blue gum Eucalyptus globulus sale of invasive garden plants. Cal-IPC worthy that small and independent has been part of the PlantRight coalition Bridal veil broom Retama monosperma stores in the south coast region were Capeweed Arctotheca calendula since its inception in 2004. PlantRight carrying the most invasive plants. Chinese tallow tree Sapium sebiferum also promotes alternative ornamental These stores also comprise half of plants that are environmentally safe and the stores that were surveyed this Crystalline iceplant Mesembryanthemum crystallinum commercially viable. Through our Spring year, due to the high concentration Nursery Survey, PlantRight tracks the of nurseries in Southern California. French broom Genista monspessulana availability of invasive garden plants in In fact, small and independent stores Green fountain grass Pennisetum setaceum California each year. Data collected from in the south coast region are more Highway iceplant Carpobrotus edulis this survey helps inform PlantRight’s likely to carry invasive plants than strategy, and allows us to monitor the Jubata grass Cortaderia jubata stores in other regions. No other Myoporum Myoporum laetum effectiveness of our work over time. signifi cant differences emerged when Pampas grass Cortaderia selloana PlantRight randomly selected 251 comparing the different regions by retail nurseries to survey in 2011, from a store type. Periwinkle Vinca major Russian olive Elaeagnus angustifolia total pool of approximately 3,100 stores The results of PlantRight’s 2011 in California. One hundred forty-three Spring Retail Nursery Survey indi- Saltcedar Tamarix ramosissima volunteers, mostly UC Master Gardeners, cate that the overwhelming majority Scarlet wisteria Sesbania punicea surveyed 226 nurseries in 38 counties for of stores selling invasive plants are Scotch broom Cytisus scoparius the presence or absence of 19 invasive small and independent stores. Spanish broom Spartium junceum plants (see list at right). Contacting, engaging and educating Striated broom Cytisus striatus Results these stores will be inherently more challenging than dealing with a few In 2011, 70% of the nurseries sur- eliminating these plants. The survey also box store chains. However, we can allocate veyed were not selling any of PlantRight’s found highway iceplant, Chinese tallow our resources wisely by fi rst working 19 invasive garden plants. Of the stores tree, Scotch broom, myoporum and with small and independent stores in the that were selling invasive plants, the Spanish broom at fewer than 3% of stores south coast region. Although just 9% of majority sold only one invasive species. surveyed. These species may be easier to surveyed box stores were selling invasive About 40% of small and independent remove from circulation. plants, the volume of plants sold at box retailers and large retailers carry invasive The data from this survey, in stores may mean that reducing that per- garden plants, compared to just 9% of combination with PlantRight’s knowledge centage further would provide an effective big-box stores. Compared to all other of the relative threat posed by each leverage point for reducing the quantity of types of stores, big-box stores were signifi - species, will help us determine how best invasive plants in California. cantly less likely to carry an invasive plant, to effectively partner with growers and small and independent retailers were more Most commonly sold suppliers. Over time, the annual survey is likely to carry an invasive plant, and there an excellent tool for gauging the effective- The most frequently found invasive was no signifi cant differences for large ness of PlantRight’s efforts to stop the garden plants in the survey were propagation, distribution and sale of retailers. periwinkle (found at 16% of stores invasive garden plants in California. Stores carrying invasive plants are surveyed), pampas grass (9%) and green most prevalent in California’s south coast fountain grass (8%). While focusing Visit plantright.org for more region, and less prevalent in the other education efforts on these three species information about our nursery survey regions. For the desert region and Sierra would potentially have the largest and PlantRight’s effort to stop the sale of and coastal mountain regions, the only a impact, their prevalence also indicates invasive plants in California. The 2011 small number of stores were included in that they represent signifi cant sources of Survey Fact Sheet is available at the survey, so we cannot be certain of the revenue for the nursery industry, which www.plantright.org/spring-nursery-survey. inference that fewer stores in these regions presents challenges to the industry in 12 Cal-IPC News Fall 2011 Progress, but unfi nished business An interview with founding board member Mike Kelly by Gina Darin, California Department of Water Resources

ike Kelly was introduced to the Society (CNPS) newsletter to discuss M impacts of invasive weeds on invasive species at an upcoming confer- wildlands as a volunteer with the Friends ence in Morro Bay. Anyone involved in of Peñasquitos Canyon in the 1980s. invasive weeds was welcome to attend. He helped lead a fi ght to save the future Luckily, Mike registered early because Peñasquitos Canyon Preserve from being there was standing room only. Potential developed into residences and a golf walk-ins were turned away. course. By the end of the ‘80s, Mike real- Greg Archbald, John Randall, and ized that development was not the only Carla Bossard invited attendees inter- Mike Kelly received SERCAL’s fi rst threat to the biodiversity in the Preserve; ested in forming an organization to stay award for contributions to conservation invasive plants and animals were almost as for the last session of the conference. and restoration in California. big a threat. He realized he had to manage People were asked to volunteer, and the land, not just save it. Mike began thus Mike became the fi rst secretary. didn’t work out as well as the others. He teaching himself about invasive weeds feels that Caltrans is one of the most and how to control them. He started Hopes for Cal-IPC important partners Cal-IPC is missing. a volunteer effort to stop their spread, From the beginning, Mike was inter- Fond Cal-IPC memories perhaps the fi rst in San Diego. ested in control methods, education, and Mike’s favorite memory is “board With few good sources of information promoting research. “When I volunteered meetings – believe it or not.” He for wildland weeds, fi nding information to be Cal-IPC’s fi rst secretary and to help described these as chaotic gatherings on wildland-appropriate control methods build the organization I hoped it would of strong personalities, and absolutely was very diffi cult. In 1991, Mike read become an organization I could learn wonderful events. Mike couldn’t wait to a notice in the California Native Plant from.” He envisioned an organization that would educate people to manage get together with fellow board members wildlands by identifying weed invasions and fi nd out the latest news from weeds and by developing strategies for dealing on the move, to new control techniques, with them. Mission accomplished. to Carla Bossard’s world travels. As you can imagine, it was diffi cult to remain Involving volunteers from the begin- on the agenda. Mike confesses, “It was so ning set the California EPPC apart from hard to keep us focused on the mechanics the Florida EPPC model, which was a of building an organization, even when group of agency representatives. Mike was I was president and knew better.” Lunch a volunteer, not a professional in the fi eld, was always a cacophony of conversations and made his role in Cal-IPC to involve about weeds – downloading from the volunteers in every level of Cal-IPC’s cutting edge of the fi eld. organization from the Board of Directors to speakers at the Symposia. This is, and On a more personal note, Mike added always has been, part of Cal-IPC culture. that when the board meetings were in Davis, he used to travel up the day before Early on, Cal-IPC needed strategic to visit the UC Davis library. Without partners, and Mike helped Cal-IPC form an agricultural school in San Diego, this partnerships with many agencies and was his pre-Internet source for published NGOs, including the California Society literature. He would do his research in the for Ecological Restoration (SERCAL), copious botanical and agricultural jour- California Native Grasslands Association, nals, studying the decades-old controversy The Nature Conservancy, CNPS, on allelopathy and laying waste to the California Department of Food and university’s supply of copy cards. Mike Kelly, true to his interest in inva- Agriculture, Cattlemen’s Association, and sive plant education, has been a regular botanic gardens. One lingering concern ...continued page 14 instructor at Cal-IPC Field Courses. Mike has is that the Caltrans partnership Cal-IPC News Fall 2011 13 Fiedler, P., M. Keever, B. J. ...perennial pepperweed from page 11 Grewell and D.J. Partridge. 2007. Rare plants in the ecosystem must be weighed when using Golden Gate Estuary this document and the associated key. (California): the relation- Utilization of such a decision guide could ship between scale and help avoid unintended consequences of understanding. Aust. J. Bot. actions with the development of com- 55:206-220. prehensive control and holistic ecological Grewell, B.J., J.C. Callaway, restoration plans. Feedback from readers and W. Ferren. 2007. Estuarine Wetlands pp. and managers on the utility of this type of 124-154 in MG Barbour, decision guide is welcome! T. Keeler-Wolfe, and A.A. Schoenherr (eds.) Terrestrial Contact the author at [email protected] Vegetation of California, Univ Acknowledgements Cal Press, Berkeley, CA. Renz, M.J. 2001. Element Perennial pepperweed invades wetlands within the I would like to acknowledge the Stewardship Abstract for Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. expertise and assistance of M. Psaros, M. Lepidium latifolium L., Deninger, B. Wallace, J. Olson, and S. perennial pepperweed, (Lepidium latifolium L.). Weed Technology Tracy. Funding and support provided by tall whitetop. The Nature Conservancy, Wildland Invasive Species Team. 12:402-405. SF Bay NERR, Solano Land Trust, CA Arlington, VA. Wilson, R.G., D. Boelk, G. B. Kyser, and J. Coastal Conservancy, CSULB. Reynolds L.K. and K.E. Boyer KE. 2009. Perennial M. DiTomaso. 2008. Integrated management References pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium): properties of of Perennial pepperweed (Lepidium latifolium). invaded tidal marshes. Invasive Plant Science and Invasive Plant Science and Management 1:17–25. Blank, R.R. and J.A. Young. 2002. Infl uence of Management 3:130-138. Zaveleta, E., R.J. Hobbs, and H.A. Mooney. 2001. the exotic invasive crucifer, Lepidium latifolium, Viewing invasive species removal in a whole- on soil properties and elemental cycling. Soil Sci. Young, J.A., D.E. Palmquist, and R.R. Blank. 1998. ecosystem context. Trends in Ecology & Evolution 167:821-829. The ecology and control of perennial pepperweed 16: 454-459.

...Mike Kelly from page 13 ...News from page 3 Advertise in Mike presided over Cal-IPC’s 10th every 1,000 feet. USDA researchers anniversary. That year the Board made the believe this can be an important tool for Cal-IPC News decision to hire Cal-IPC’s fi rst employee. sampling large areas in conjunction with Cal-IPC is now accepting Committing their entire treasury was a ground-based surveys to detect expand- advertisements within the pages of risky move. The hiring was done under ing invasive plants. This study provided Cal-IPC News which has been in the next president in line, Joe DiTomaso. the fi rst evidence that leafy spurge is circulation for 19 years and reaches Doug Johnson was selected as Cal-IPC’s displacing sagebrush seedlings. www.ars. several thousand natural resource Executive Director. And the rest is history. usda.gov/is managers throughout California. Detector dogs are on the case to Next Step for Cal-IPC We will consider advertisements detect invasive species. The California As a complement to Cal-IPC’s new from individuals, organizations Department of Food and Agriculture’s professional certifi cation program, Mike and companies that provide goods dog teams search plant products enter- wants to see Cal-IPC work with the and services benefi cial to natural ing the state through parcel delivery Department of Pesticide Regulation to resource managment. We believe facilities and airfreight terminals for the develop a Wildland Weed category in the that this will be a service to our presence of plant pests or other harmful testing program for Qualifi ed Applicators readers while supporting our organisms. Between July 2009 and June Licenses (QAL) oriented to wildland publication costs. 2010, the Dog Teams intercepted 53 applicators and managers. This would be pests and helped reject 1,560 packages Please contact Heather DeQuincy a big step toward getting the state regula- for violations of state and federal plant to reserve your space in an upcom- tory agencies to recognize that wildland quarantine laws and regulations. www. ing issue or to learn more about the weed habitat requires a different set of cdfa.ca.gov/plant/dogteams cost and process. hdequincy@cal-ipc. knowledge and skills than existing exams org or (510) 843-3902. cover for the QALs.

14 Cal-IPC News Fall 2011 Order your 2011 Shelterbelt subscription today!

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Cal-IPC News Fall 2011 15 Thank You for Supporting our Work!

Recent Donors Family Marital Trust, William Kelly, Karlton, Daniel Kellogg, William Kellogg, Sarah Kelly, Drew Kerr, Mary Jo Kitz, Stephen Kelly, Mike Kelly, Ginny King, Your tax-deductible donations are extremely Heidi Kleist, Mike Klinefelter, Carolyn Larry Klassen, Adrienne Klein, Stephanie valuable in supporting our programs. Kulog, Franklin Lambert, Tamia Marg, Klein, Denise Knapp, Barbara Kossy, Peter Thank you! Matthew Margulies, Heather Mark, Labahn, Thomas Lacher, David Landecker, Wayne Martin, Virginia Matzek, Mary Suzanne Lang, Billy Law, Mark Lawless, Stewardship Circle ($1,000+) Millman, Paul Minault, Mohave Desert David Lentz, Lawrence Levine, Sandra Anonymous RCD, Nelson Money, Mike Mooney, Livingston-Brady, Lynne Mager, Sharyn Jake Sigg John Mudgett, Robert Myers, John Main, Amber Manfree, Jane Manning, A. 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Carle, Joshua Switzky, Megan Talevich, Calvin Patricia Burrascano, Lisa Burrascano, Deborah Coon, Caitlin Cornwall, Tam, Mike Taylor, Kenneth Thomas, Craig Darlene Chirman, Joanna Clines, Manuel Costa, Dina Crawford, Arthur Thomsen, Breck Tyler, Joyce Vandevere, Gordon Craig, Gina & Joe Darin, Dawson, Bruce Delgado, John DeLodder, David Varner, Farella Vineyard, Hannah Tamara DiCapria, Deanne DiPietro, William Denneen, Heather & Pete Wallis, Stuart Weiss, Debbie Weist, Doug Joe DiTomaso, Jennifer Erskine-Ogden, DeQuincy, Caroline Devan, Dianne Wescott, Wendy West, Heidi West, Roger Douglas Gettinger, Doug Gibson, Joanne DiPietro, Julie Doherty, Deborah Williams, KL Wilmoth, Bill Winans, Raven Greer, Steven Hartman, Ann Howald, Donahue, Jessica Dowell, Edmund Winter, Byan Zorko Patricia Hull, Victoria Hunter, Priscilla Duarte, Carole Erickson, Gavin Feiger, Jencks, Arne K.Johanson, The Kellogg Evan Francis, Karen Gaffney, Liz Gaspar, Holly Gellerman, Rich Auction & Raffl e Donations Gibson, Shelia Gilreath, Thank you for soliciting donations for and Judith Giraud, Daniel contributing to Cal-IPC’s annual raffl e, Gluesenkamp, Greg Gorga, silent auction, and live auction. Mary Gosslin, Steven Andrea Adams-Morden, Edith Allen, Greco, Pat Grediagin, Erik Morgan Ball, Bear River Pasta Company, Groessl, John Guardino, Peter Beesley, Charlie Blair, Cindy Darcee Guttilla, Robert Burrascano, Elizabeth Brusati, Patterson Hale, Jim Hanson, Clark, California Department of Fish and Kathleen Harrison, Ilima Game, California Native Plant Society, Hawkins, Miao He, Brad Catalina Island Conservancy, Concannon & Judy Heckman, Kerry Vineyard, Earle Cummings, Gina Darin, Heise, John Henderson, Mark & Erica Dedon, Athena Demetry, Sarah Hinds, Ingrid Heather DeQuincy, William Dewey, Joe Hogle, Karen Holl, Julie DiTomaso, Edmund Duarte, Valerie Eviner, Horenstein, Sue Hubbard, Forester’s Co-Op, Doug Gibson, Jason Leslie Hunt, Rob Hutsel, Giessow, Joanne Greer, Paul Hawken, Irina Irvine, Cathy Isom, Hedgerow Farms, Julie Horenstein, Doug Johnson and Dave Bakke enjoy the social hour. Judy Karas, Joanne 16 Cal-IPC News Fall 2011 Susan Hubbard, Jessica Hughes, Ising Ferguson (Carson City), Steve Frisch Ranch Pistachios, Brent Johnson, Doug (Sierra Business Council), Jennifer Funk, Johnson, Shawn Kelly, James Law, Marin Ryan Gilmore, Ashley Gilreath, Sean Municipal Water District, Mr. & Mrs. Mike Glantz, Patricia Gordon-Ready, Dave McDonald, Tanya Meyer, Pamela & Nelsen Graber (Sequoia & Kings Canyon NP), Money, Ken Moore, Dana Morawitz, Shea Thomas Gustie, Sarah Hall (Golden O’Keefe, Olala Farms, Olivina, LLC, Page Gate National Recreation Area), Michael Mill Winery, Patagonia, Redbud Chapter Hamilton (UC Blue Oak Ranch Reserve), CNPS, Sarah Reichard, Ramona Robison, Walter Hoffman, Chris Hoffman, Steve Schoenig, Schouinard Winery, Peter Kim Hornbeck (City of Torrance, Park Schuyler, Smokey Ridge Ranch, Jen Stern, Services), David Jaffe (Yosemite National Shawn Taylor, The Marine Room, Ken Park), Jared Jaggers, Matt James (Coastal Thomas, Tiessen-Waegell Ranch, Wente Restoration Consultants), Katie Kain Vineyards, Wendy West, Andrea Williams (Joshua Tree National Park), Bonnie Kalb, Kris Kuyper (Sierra Business Council), New Members Michele Lanctot, Susan Lewitt (San Diego CNPS), Krista Lindley, Kirsten As a Cal-IPC Member, you join a powerful Lindquist (Tahoe RCD), Denise Louie, network of land managers, researchers, Betsy Macfarlan (Eastern Nevada volunteers, and concerned citizens. Welcome! landscape Coalition), Amanda magallanes Sam Abercrombie, Ben Adamo (Shelterbelt (GGNRA), Scott Massed, Beth Mather, Builders), Tom Anderson, David Astorga Derrick Mathews, Virginia Matzek (Santa (City of San Diego), Nita Barve, Scott Clara University), Willie McDarment Cal-IPC’s Alice Chung helps as one of Batiuk, Jeff Begovich, Beth Brenneman, (Tule River Indian Reservation), Cal-IPC’s stellar raffl e ticket sellers. Carroll Brentano, Elayna Bryant (Cal Kathryn McEachern (USGS Channel State San Marcos), Kim Carr (Sierra Nevada Islands), Louanne McMartin (USFWS), AgroSciences), Jasmine Rubalcaba, Paul Conservancy), Robert Carson (City of Christine Meyers (Mi-Wuk Village), Schlange, Steve Schrader, Ernest Seidel Torrance, Park Services), Charlene Carveth Constance Millar (PSW Research Station, (OC Parks), Daniel Shaw (California State (El Dorado County Dept. of Ag), Any USDA Forest Service), Annaliese Miller, Parks), Mike Simoneau (City of Torrance, Conilio (UC Santa Cruz), Rim Counch Rebecca Miller-Cripps (UC Cooperative Park Services), James Smith (South Lake (Resource Conservation Partners, Inc.), Extension), Nelson Money (NRM-VMS, Tahoe Public Utility District), Michael Quinn Cypher (Inland Empire RCD), Inc.), Max Moritz (UC Berkeley), James Springborn, Jens Stevens, Mark Stewart Jason Davlin (West Coast Arborists), Mort (Midpeninsula Regional Open Space (PG&E), Christine Sullivan (GGNRA Steven Delgavero (), District) Justin Nalder (Bridgeport Indian NPS), Heyo Tjarks (River Partners), Dean Garrett Dickman (Yosemite National Park), Colony), Scott Nelson, Kim-Chi Nguyen, Tonenna (BLM), Elena Tuttle (Santa Shannon Dinis (PG&E), Matt Dunnahoe Monica Oey, Meagan Olson (RECON Monica Bay Restoration Commission), (Placer County RCD, Auburn), Jack Easton Environmental, Inc.), Dana Olson (Tahoe Susan Urie, Juan Villarino (California State (Riverside Land Conservancy), Suzanne RCD), Alexandra Onisko (BLM), Don Parks), Sophia Weinmann, Stuart Weiss Easton (BRBNA Conservation Partnership), Pierce (PG&E), Gillies Robertson (Yolo (Creekside Center for Earth Observation), Holly Eddinger, Woody Elliott (Mt. RCD), Ryan Robitaille (California Institute Kathy Welch (Truckee River Road Warrior), Lassen Chapter CNPS), Margie Evans of Technology), Scott Rose (Natures Image), Debra Welch, Paul Wilson (Shelterbelt (UN Cooperative Extension), Amanda William Rosenberg, Janet Rowley (Dow Builders) New Organizational Members Organizational Members advance Cal-IPC’s mission to protect California’s wildlands from invasive plants. Bay Area Early Detection Network California Landscape Conservation Cooperative California State Parks Center for Natural Land Management Resource Conservation Partners, Inc. San Diego Chapter CNPS Shelterbelt Builders, Inc. Sierra Nevada Conservancy USFWS Inventory and Monitoring Cal-IPC staff dressed up and having fun at the Oktoberfest celebration. Program

Cal-IPC News Fall 2011 17 Readings & articles on demand for distribution to Ecological Data Wiki target audiences. California Agriculture is a The Ecological Data Wiki is intended to Resources peer-reviewed journal reporting research, serve as a central source for identifying reviews and news from the University of datasets that are useful to the study of Education Website California and its Agriculture and Natural ecology and quickly fi guring out the best The new Washington Invasive Species Resources division. californiaagriculture. ways to use them. It will use the knowl- Education (W.I.S.E.) website provides ucanr.org edge and effort of the entire ecological educational resources about invasive Open-access journal community to compile this information species and the damage they can do to the NeoBiota is a peer-reviewed, open- rather than relying on each scientist to environment and economy, how invasive access, rapid online journal launched to contribute information for their own species spread and how everyone can help accelerate research on alien species and studies. ecologicaldata.org stop them. www.wise.wa.gov biological invasions, including aquatic Invasive plant articles sought E-edition of California Agriculture and terrestrial animals, plants, fungi and The Invasive Plant News blog seeks articles California Agriculture is now available micro-organisms. All published papers from guest writers. They are especially in a free electronic edition. Readers can can be freely copied, downloaded, printed interested in articles on practical topics download and print copies in html or and distributed. www.pensoft.net/journals/ such as advice on identifi cation and pdf format. Authors will be able to print neobiota control. invasiveplantnews.com

Cal-IPC Inventory update adds eight plants

ight new species have been Watchlist contains information on species Eadded to the “California Inva- that have been observed in wildlands but sive Plant Inventory”. The Inventory have not been reviewed for the Inventory scores species based on 13 questions due to lack of information. It is available covering impacts, invasiveness, and at www.cal-ipc.org/ip/inventory. distribution. These are statewide Other states have adopted Cal-IPC’s ratings so impacts may differ in Inventory format, including Colorado particular regions. An “Alert” indicates and Texas. that a species is not widespread but seems to have potential to expand. South American spongeplant is now The assessments for these species were Inventory listed as a High Alert. completed by Elizabeth Brusati, Cal- IPC, and Joe DiTomaso, UC Davis, Species Rating based on information submitted by Danthonia pilosa (hairy oatgrass) Limited Cal-IPC members. Erica lusitanica (Portuguese heath) Limited Plant Assessment Forms with Gazania linearis (gazania) Moderate Alert detailed information used to rate the Limnobium laevigatum High Alert plants, including cited literature, are (South American spongeplant) available at www.cal-ipc.org/ip/ inventory/weedlist.php. The criteria Limonium ramosissimum ssp. provincale Limited list used to rate species is also avail- (Algerian sea lavender) able there. Additional information is Nanozostera japonica (dwarf eelgrass) High Alert available in the Plant Profi les at Nassella manicata (tropical needlegrass) Limited www.cal-ipc.org/ip/management/ Tetragonia tetragonioides (New Zealand spinach) Limited plant_profi les/index.php. Evaluated but not listed We also updated the Cal-IPC Ascophyllum nodosum (knotted wrack) not enough information Watchlist based on comments con- tributed by Cal-IPC members. The Cuscuta japonica (Japanese dodder) not yet known to invade wildlands Nassella tenuissima (Mexican feathergrass) not yet known to invade wildlands

18 Cal-IPC News Fall 2011 The WILDLAND WEED CALENDAR

CA Weed Science Society Conference North Bay Grasslands Symposium November - December January 23-25, 2012 May 3-6, 2012 CA Assoc. of RCDs Conference Santa Barbara Sonoma County November 9-11 www.cwss.org www.cnga.org Stockton National Invasive Species Awareness Week www.carcd.org/conference.php July & beyond February 26-March 3, 2012 Central CA Invasive Weed Symposium Washington, D.C. N.A. Congress for Conservation Biology November 10 www.nisaw.org July 15-18, 2012 Monterey Oakland ag.co.monterey.ca.us/pages/invasive-weed- March - June www.scbnacongress.orgwww.ser2011.org resources Western Society for Weed Science Aquatic Plant Management Society March 12-15, 2012 July 22-25, 2012 January - February Reno, NV Salt Lake City, UT CNPS Conservation Conference www.wsweedscience.org www.apms.org January 10-14, 2012 California Invasive Weed Awareness Day Ecological Society of America Annual Mtg San Diego March 14, 2012 Aug 5-10, 2012 www.cnps.org/cnps/conservation/ Sacramento Portland, OR conference/2012 www.cal-ipc.org www.esa.org/portland Nat. Conf. on Science, Policy & Env’t Noxious Weed Short Course Cal-IPC’s 21st Annual Symposium January 18-20, 2012 April 16-19, 2012 October 10-13, 2012 Washington, D.C. Loveland, CO Rohnert Park www.environmentandsecurity.org www.wsweedscience.org www.cal-ipc.org

Quotable

“Terminology is imprecise and inconsistent. It combines objective and subjective concepts.”

~ Carla D’Antonio of UC Santa Barbara, pointing out problems with terms used for invasive species in her symposium talk, “Nuance, naysayers and twenty years of studying species impacts”.

“Nimbleness matters: Be fl exible, experimental, and innovative.” ~ Constance Millar, US Forest Service, in her symposium talk “Climate change in the Sierra Nevada: Processes, projections, and adaptation options”.

“IPM: the Intelligent Person’s Method” ~ From the Invasive Plant Integrated Pest Management discussion group at the symposium.

Cal-IPC News Fall 2011 19 Non-Profi t Org. California U.S. Postage Invasive Plant PAID Berkeley, CA Council Permit No. 1435

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