Thanasimus Formicarius (Coleoptera: Cleridae) : Why a Large Range of Prey for a Specialized Predator ?
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Beetle Appreciation Diversity and Classification of Common Beetle Families Christopher E
Beetle Appreciation Diversity and Classification of Common Beetle Families Christopher E. Carlton Louisiana State Arthropod Museum Coleoptera Families Everyone Should Know (Checklist) Suborder Adephaga Suborder Polyphaga, cont. •Carabidae Superfamily Scarabaeoidea •Dytiscidae •Lucanidae •Gyrinidae •Passalidae Suborder Polyphaga •Scarabaeidae Superfamily Staphylinoidea Superfamily Buprestoidea •Ptiliidae •Buprestidae •Silphidae Superfamily Byrroidea •Staphylinidae •Heteroceridae Superfamily Hydrophiloidea •Dryopidae •Hydrophilidae •Elmidae •Histeridae Superfamily Elateroidea •Elateridae Coleoptera Families Everyone Should Know (Checklist, cont.) Suborder Polyphaga, cont. Suborder Polyphaga, cont. Superfamily Cantharoidea Superfamily Cucujoidea •Lycidae •Nitidulidae •Cantharidae •Silvanidae •Lampyridae •Cucujidae Superfamily Bostrichoidea •Erotylidae •Dermestidae •Coccinellidae Bostrichidae Superfamily Tenebrionoidea •Anobiidae •Tenebrionidae Superfamily Cleroidea •Mordellidae •Cleridae •Meloidae •Anthicidae Coleoptera Families Everyone Should Know (Checklist, cont.) Suborder Polyphaga, cont. Superfamily Chrysomeloidea •Chrysomelidae •Cerambycidae Superfamily Curculionoidea •Brentidae •Curculionidae Total: 35 families of 131 in the U.S. Suborder Adephaga Family Carabidae “Ground and Tiger Beetles” Terrestrial predators or herbivores (few). 2600 N. A. spp. Suborder Adephaga Family Dytiscidae “Predacious diving beetles” Adults and larvae aquatic predators. 500 N. A. spp. Suborder Adephaga Family Gyrindae “Whirligig beetles” Aquatic, on water -
Bark Beetles
Bark Beetles O & T Guide [O-#03] Carol A. Sutherland Extension and State Entomologist Cooperative Extension Service z College of Agriculture and Home Economics z October 2006 Although New Mexico bark beetle adults are In monogamous species such as the Douglas small, rarely exceeding 1/3 inch in length, they fir beetle, Dendroctonus pseudotsugae, the are very capable of killing even the largest female bores the initial gallery into the host host trees with a mass assault, girdling them or tree, releases pheromones attractive to her inoculating them with certain lethal pathogens. species and accepts one male as her mate. Some species routinely attack the trunks and major limbs of their host trees, other bark beetle species mine the twigs of their hosts, pruning and weakening trees and facilitating the attack of other tree pests. While many devastating species of bark beetles are associated with New Mexico conifers, other species favor broadleaf trees and can be equally damaging. Scientifically: Bark beetles belong to the insect order Coleoptera and the family Scolytidae. Adult “engraver beetle” in the genus Ips. The head is on the left; note the “scooped out” area Metamorphosis: Complete rimmed by short spines on the rear of the Mouth Parts: Chewing (larvae and adults) beetle, a common feature for members of this Pest Stages: Larvae and adults. genus. Photo: USDA Forest Service Archives, USDA Forest Service, www.forestryimages.org Typical Life Cycle: Adult bark beetles are strong fliers and are highly receptive to scents In polygamous species such as the pinyon bark produced by damaged or stressed host trees as beetle, Ips confusus, the male bores a short well as communication pheromones produced nuptial chamber into the host’s bark, releases by other members of their species. -
Spruce Beetle
QUICK GUIDE SERIES FM 2014-1 Spruce Beetle An Agent of Subalpine Change The spruce beetle is a native species in Colorado’s spruce forest ecosystem. Endemic populations are always present, and epidemics are a natural part of the changing forest. There usually are long intervals between such events as insect and disease epidemics and wildfires, giving spruce forests time to regenerate. Prior to their occurrence, the potential impacts of these natural disturbances can be reduced through proactive forest management. The spruce beetle (Dendroctonus rufipennis) is responsible for the death of more spruce trees in North America than any other natural agent. Spruce beetle populations range from Alaska and Newfoundland to as far south as Arizona and New Mexico. The subalpine Engelmann spruce is the primary host tree, but the beetles will infest any Figure 1. Engelmann spruce trees infested spruce tree species within their geographical range, including blue spruce. In with spruce beetles on Spring Creek Pass. Colorado, the beetles are most commonly observed in high-elevation spruce Photo: William M. Ciesla forests above 9,000 feet. At endemic or low population levels, spruce beetles generally infest only downed trees. However, as spruce beetle population levels in downed trees increase, usually following an avalanche or windthrow event – a high-wind event that topples trees over a large area – the beetles also will infest live standing trees. Spruce beetles prefer large (16 inches in diameter or greater), mature and over- mature spruce trees in slow-growing, spruce-dominated stands. However, at epidemic levels, or when large-scale, rapid population increases occur, spruce beetles may attack trees as small as 3 inches in diameter. -
Coleoptera Identifying the Beetles
6/17/2020 Coleoptera Identifying the Beetles Who we are: Matt Hamblin [email protected] Graduate of Kansas State University in Manhattan, KS. Bachelors of Science in Fisheries, Wildlife and Conservation Biology Minor in Entomology Began M.S. in Entomology Fall 2018 focusing on Entomology Education Who we are: Jacqueline Maille [email protected] Graduate of Kansas State University in Manhattan, KS with M.S. in Entomology. Austin Peay State University in Clarksville, TN with a Bachelors of Science in Biology, Minor Chemistry Began Ph.D. iin Entomology with KSU and USDA-SPIERU in Spring 2020 Focusing on Stored Product Pest Sensory Systems and Management 1 6/17/2020 Who we are: Isaac Fox [email protected] 2016 Kansas 4-H Entomology Award Winner Pest Scout at Arnold’s Greenhouse Distribution, Abundance and Diversity Global distribution Beetles account for ~25% of all life forms ~390,000 species worldwide What distinguishes a beetle? 1. Hard forewings called elytra 2. Mandibles move horizontally 3. Antennae with usually 11 or less segments exceptions (Cerambycidae Rhipiceridae) 4. Holometabolous 2 6/17/2020 Anatomy Taxonomically Important Features Amount of tarsi Tarsal spurs/ spines Antennae placement and features Elytra features Eyes Body Form Antennae Forms Filiform = thread-like Moniliform = beaded Serrate = sawtoothed Setaceous = bristle-like Lamellate = nested plates Pectinate = comb-like Plumose = long hairs Clavate = gradually clubbed Capitate = abruptly clubbed Aristate = pouch-like with one lateral bristle Nicrophilus americanus Silphidae, American Burying Beetle Counties with protected critical habitats: Montgomery, Elk, Chautauqua, and Wilson Red-tipped antennae, red pronotum The ecological services section, Kansas department of Wildlife, Parks, and Tourism 3 6/17/2020 Suborders Adephaga vs Polyphaga Families ~176 described families in the U.S. -
The Evolution and Genomic Basis of Beetle Diversity
The evolution and genomic basis of beetle diversity Duane D. McKennaa,b,1,2, Seunggwan Shina,b,2, Dirk Ahrensc, Michael Balked, Cristian Beza-Bezaa,b, Dave J. Clarkea,b, Alexander Donathe, Hermes E. Escalonae,f,g, Frank Friedrichh, Harald Letschi, Shanlin Liuj, David Maddisonk, Christoph Mayere, Bernhard Misofe, Peyton J. Murina, Oliver Niehuisg, Ralph S. Petersc, Lars Podsiadlowskie, l m l,n o f l Hans Pohl , Erin D. Scully , Evgeny V. Yan , Xin Zhou , Adam Slipinski , and Rolf G. Beutel aDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; bCenter for Biodiversity Research, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; cCenter for Taxonomy and Evolutionary Research, Arthropoda Department, Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, 53113 Bonn, Germany; dBavarian State Collection of Zoology, Bavarian Natural History Collections, 81247 Munich, Germany; eCenter for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, 53113 Bonn, Germany; fAustralian National Insect Collection, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; gDepartment of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Institute for Biology I (Zoology), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; hInstitute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany; iDepartment of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Wien, Wien 1030, Austria; jChina National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, 518083 Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; kDepartment of Integrative Biology, Oregon State -
Host Plant Volatiles for Herbivores: a Bypass-Trophic Signal
Inhibition of Predator Attraction to Kairomones by Non- Host Plant Volatiles for Herbivores: A Bypass-Trophic Signal Qing-He Zhang¤, Fredrik Schlyter* Chemical Ecology, Department of Plant Protection Biology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden Abstract Background: Insect predators and parasitoids exploit attractive chemical signals from lower trophic levels as kairomones to locate their herbivore prey and hosts. We hypothesized that specific chemical cues from prey non-hosts and non-habitats, which are not part of the trophic chain, are also recognized by predators and would inhibit attraction to the host/prey kairomone signals. To test our hypothesis, we studied the olfactory physiology and behavior of a predaceous beetle, Thanasimus formicarius (L.) (Coleoptera: Cleridae), in relation to specific angiosperm plant volatiles, which are non-host volatiles (NHV) for its conifer-feeding bark beetle prey. Methodology/Principal Findings: Olfactory detection in the clerid was confirmed by gas chromatography coupled to electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD) for a subset of NHV components. Among NHV, we identified two strongly antennally active molecules, 3-octanol and 1-octen-3-ol. We tested the potential inhibition of the combination of these two NHV on the walking and flight responses of the clerid to known kairomonal attractants such as synthetic mixtures of bark beetle (Ips spp.) aggregation pheromone components (cis-verbenol, ipsdienol, and E-myrcenol) combined with conifer (Picea and Pinus spp.) monoterpenes (a-pinene, terpinolene, and D3-carene). There was a strong inhibitory effect, both in the laboratory (effect size d = 23.2, walking bioassay) and in the field (d = 21.0, flight trapping). This is the first report of combining antennal detection (GC-EAD) and behavioral responses to identify semiochemical molecules that bypass the trophic system, signaling habitat information rather than food related information. -
(Coleoptera) from European Eocene Ambers
geosciences Review A Review of the Curculionoidea (Coleoptera) from European Eocene Ambers Andrei A. Legalov 1,2 1 Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Frunze Street 11, 630091 Novosibirsk, Russia; [email protected]; Tel.: +7-9139471413 2 Biological Institute, Tomsk State University, Lenina Prospekt 36, 634050 Tomsk, Russia Received: 16 October 2019; Accepted: 23 December 2019; Published: 30 December 2019 Abstract: All 142 known species of Curculionoidea in Eocene amber are documented, including one species of Nemonychidae, 16 species of Anthribidae, six species of Belidae, 10 species of Rhynchitidae, 13 species of Brentidae, 70 species of Curcuionidae, two species of Platypodidae, and 24 species of Scolytidae. Oise amber has eight species, Baltic amber has 118 species, and Rovno amber has 16 species. Nine new genera and 18 new species are described from Baltic amber. Four new synonyms are noted: Palaeometrioxena Legalov, 2012, syn. nov. is synonymous with Archimetrioxena Voss, 1953; Paleopissodes weigangae Ulke, 1947, syn. nov. is synonymous with Electrotribus theryi Hustache, 1942; Electrotribus erectosquamata Rheinheimer, 2007, syn. nov. is synonymous with Succinostyphlus mroczkowskii Kuska, 1996; Protonaupactus Zherikhin, 1971, syn. nov. is synonymous with Paonaupactus Voss, 1953. Keys for Eocene amber Curculionoidea are given. There are the first records of Aedemonini and Camarotini, and genera Limalophus and Cenocephalus in Baltic amber. Keywords: Coleoptera; Curculionoidea; fossil weevil; new taxa; keys; Palaeogene 1. Introduction The Curculionoidea are one of the largest and most diverse groups of beetles, including more than 62,000 species [1] comprising 11 families [2,3]. They have a complex morphological structure [2–7], ecological confinement, and diverse trophic links [1], which makes them a convenient group for characterizing modern and fossil biocenoses. -
Functional Evolution of a Bark Beetle Odorant Receptor Clade Detecting Monoterpenoids of Different Ecological Origins
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.28.424525; this version posted December 28, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Functional evolution of a bark beetle odorant receptor clade detecting monoterpenoids of different ecological origins Xiao-Qing Hou1, Jothi Kumar Yuvaraj1, Rebecca E. Roberts1, C. Rikard Unelius2, Christer Löfstedt1, Martin N. Andersson1* 1Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden 2 Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden *Corresponding author: Martin N. Andersson Department of Biology, Sölvegatan 37, 223 62 Lund, Sweden. Email: [email protected] Phone: +46-(0)462229344 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.12.28.424525; this version posted December 28, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Abstract Insects detect odors using an array of odorant receptors (ORs), which may expand through gene duplication. How specificities evolve and new functions arise in related ORs within a species remain poorly investigated. We addressed this question by functionally characterizing ORs from the Eurasian spruce bark beetle Ips typographus, in which antennal detection and behavioral responses to pheromones, volatiles from host and non-host trees, and fungal symbionts are well described. -
Nueva Cita De Necrobia Ruficollis (Coleoptera, Cleridae) Para Sevilla (Andalucía, España)
Boletín de la Sociedad Entomológica Aragonesa (S.E.A.), nº 54 (30/06/2014): 430. NOTAS CIENTÍFICAS Nueva cita de Necrobia ruficollis (Coleoptera, Cleridae) para Sevilla (Andalucía, España) Isabel Fernández Verón1 & David Romero2 1 Centro de Análisis y Diagnóstico de la Fauna Silvestre. Málaga. Agencia de Medio Ambiente y Agua de Andalucía. Consejería de Medio Ambiente y Ordenación del Territorio. Junta de Andalucía, España –[email protected] 2 Departamento de Biología Animal. Universidad de Málaga. E-29071 Málaga, España –[email protected] Resumen: Se presenta una nueva cita de una especie de clérido (Cleridae) para Sevilla. Palabra clave: Cleridae, Necrobia, ejemplar adulto, cadáver, Sevilla. Necrobia ruficollis (Fabricius, 1775) es una de las especies de coleóp- tero del género Necrobia perteneciente a la familia Cleridae. Los cléridos tienen una distribución mundial y se observan frecuentemente en los estadios tardíos de la descomposición cadavérica, viéndose atraídos por la degradación de las proteínas (fermentación caseíca). Esto ocurre alrededor de los veinte o veinticinco días tras la muerte del animal, aunque las condiciones ambientales tienen gran influen- cia, por lo que en los meses cálidos pueden observarse a partir del décimo día o incluso antes (Romero Palanco et al., 2006). En cuanto a la descripción general del género, se trata de coleópteros de peque- ño tamaño, entre cuatro y siete milímetros de longitud, de forma alargada y con frecuencia con una coloración metálica. Tanto las larvas como los adultos son predadores y se alimentan de otros Fig. 1. Adulto de Necrobia ruficollis procedente de Sevilla. insectos. Las larvas forman la pupa normalmente en el interior de crisálidas vacías de dípteros, sellando la abertura con ayuda de sus secreciones sedosas. -
The Mountain Pine Beetle
The Mountain Pine Beetle A Synthesis of Biology, Management, and Impacts on Lodgepole Pine edited by Les Safranyik and Bill Wilson The Mountain Pine Beetle A Synthesis of Biology, Management, and Impacts on Lodgepole Pine edited by Les Safranyik and Bill Wilson Sponsored by the Government of Canada through the Mountain Pine Beetle Initiative, a program administered by Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service. Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Pacific Forestry Centre Victoria, BC Canada 2006 Pacific Forestry Centre 506 West Burnside Road Victoria, British Columbia V8Z 1M5 Phone: (250) 363-0600 www.pfc.cfs.nrcan.gc.ca © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, 2006 Printed in Canada Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Safranyik, L., 1938- The mountain pine beetle : a synthesis of biology, management, and impacts on lodgepole pine / by Les Safranyik and Bill Wilson. Includes bibliographical references. Available also on the Internet and on CD-ROM. ISBN 0-662-42623-1 Cat. no.: Fo144-4/2006E 1. Mountain pine beetle. 2. Lodgepole pine--Diseases and pests--Control--Canada, Western. 3. Lodgepole pine--Diseases and pests--Economic aspects--Canada, Western. 4. Lodgepole pine—Diseases and pests--Control. 5. Forest management--Canada, Western. I. Wilson, Bill, 1950- II. Pacific Forestry Centre III. Title. SB945.M78S33 2006 634.9’7516768 C2006-980019-7 This book presents a synthesis of published information on mountain pine beetle (Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins [Coleoptera: Scolytidae]) biology and management with an emphasis on lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud. var. latifolia Engelm.) forests of western Canada. Intended as a reference for researchers as well as forest managers, the book covers three main subject areas: mountain pine beetle biology, management, and socioeconomic concerns. -
Wolbachia Infection Among Coleoptera: a Systematic Review
A peer-reviewed version of this preprint was published in PeerJ on 9 March 2018. View the peer-reviewed version (peerj.com/articles/4471), which is the preferred citable publication unless you specifically need to cite this preprint. Kajtoch Ł, Kotásková N. 2018. Current state of knowledge on Wolbachia infection among Coleoptera: a systematic review. PeerJ 6:e4471 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4471 Current state of knowledge on Wolbachia infection among Coleoptera: a systematic review Lukasz Kajtoch Corresp., 1 , Nela Kotásková 2 1 Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland 2 Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic Corresponding Author: Lukasz Kajtoch Email address: [email protected] Background. Despite great progress in studies on Wolbachia infection in insects, the knowledge about its relations with beetle species, populations and individuals, and the effects of bacteria on these hosts is still unsatisfactory. In this review we summarize the current state of knowledge about Wolbachia occurrence and interactions with Coleopteran hosts. Methods. An intensive search of the available literature resulted in the selection of 81 publications that describe the relevant details about Wolbachia presence among beetles. These publications were then examined with respect to the distribution and taxonomy of infected hosts and diversity of Wolbachia found in beetles. Sequences of Wolbachia genes (16S rDNA, wsp and ftsZ) were used for the phylogenetic analyses. Results. The collected publications revealed that Wolbachia has been confirmed in 197 beetle species and that the estimated average prevalence of this bacteria across beetle species is 38.3% and varies greatly across families and genera (0-88% infected members) and is much lower (c. -
Integrating Cultural Tactics Into the Management of Bark Beetle and Reforestation Pests1
DA United States US Department of Proceedings --z:;;-;;; Agriculture Forest Service Integrating Cultural Tactics into Northeastern Forest Experiment Station the Management of Bark Beetle General Technical Report NE-236 and Reforestation Pests Edited by: Forest Health Technology Enterprise Team J.C. Gregoire A.M. Liebhold F.M. Stephen K.R. Day S.M.Salom Vallombrosa, Italy September 1-3, 1996 Most of the papers in this publication were submitted electronically and were edited to achieve a uniform format and type face. Each contributor is responsible for the accuracy and content of his or her own paper. Statements of the contributors from outside the U.S. Department of Agriculture may not necessarily reflect the policy of the Department. Some participants did not submit papers so they have not been included. The use of trade, firm, or corporation names in this publication is for the information and convenience of the reader. Such use does not constitute an official endorsement or approval by the U.S. Department of Agriculture or the Forest Service of any product or service to the exclusion of others that may be suitable. Remarks about pesticides appear in some technical papers contained in these proceedings. Publication of these statements does not constitute endorsement or recommendation of them by the conference sponsors, nor does it imply that uses discussed have been registered. Use of most pesticides is regulated by State and Federal Law. Applicable regulations must be obtained from the appropriate regulatory agencies. CAUTION: Pesticides can be injurious to humans, domestic animals, desirable plants, and fish and other wildlife - if they are not handled and applied properly.