Sea Level and Its Effects on Reefs in Hawaiÿi
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Growth and Growth Form of the Massive Coral, Porites
ResearchOnline@JCU This file is part of the following reference: Darke, Wendy (1991) Growth and growth form of the massive coral, Porites. PhD thesis, James Cook University. Access to this file is available from: http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/24102/ The author has certified to JCU that they have made a reasonable effort to gain permission and acknowledge the owner of any third party copyright material included in this document. If you believe that this is not the case, please contact [email protected] and quote http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/24102/ Growth and Growth Form of the Massive Coral Porites .r ., .7.40kielfleiol.,4,,,, • ' • -. *. --`4" . AMIN. .0 ••:.. 4 _.4..,- .._ . _ ,..1. Alit, ... .... vs' ,''. *'v."7#...4**11111114".'=- ,... _, .,.,: s • ... ir ...,- . .. Thesis,9 March 1991 'Z.- ......- '11'4 k, .. - i,„.. , . y . _ .,.. .1.... • ••• .." -•••••• ■•••1_„,_, ...._,.. , 11,..._ .. • ...• ...•. 410,10.„,,, ._ -... ---7--"I‘‘,;:...b. 111m1....10.-..,47V ,..• W, w T. .&. ‘•Nillip7-1■ % - • • • • .,,' -.. '••• Na. % , • • •■ sr ..., •."' .- 1N•-• .: ^ 7,,ah alp% At, t '40011•14._ —^ • 44 .., 4,,* • Viol --4:, % ......"*:. .:::::: . "... 41A: "111 ii..:,....7•0•_„,... '.6111••• •kbao : IVA..., 1•••.' , ...441.... •:-,'-.• ... cr. il1/411‘.. `0, " ' N •-••-- -7k ,.. li k -...,,e41.:4z,-..7.....!.....•:.•- - ..., • Wendy Darke 4.• . -.14. e " ..• . • 444 . ,....... t-.._•-.... ' 1 4 . .".....7 w . IV ‘16 *••••-'' t .%•.). "t% t‘ . "' _, ,.... GROWTH AND GROWTH FORM OF THE MASSIVE CORAL PORITES Thesis submitted by Wendy Marilyn DARKE BSc(Hons) (Bristol, UK) in March 1991 for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Marine Biology Department, School of Biological Sciences at James Cook University of North Queensland i I, the undersigned, the author of this thesis, understand that James Cook University of North Queensland will make it available for use within the University Library and, by microfilm or other photographic means, allow access to users in other approved libraries. -
Supplementary Material
Supplementary Material SM1. Post-Processing of Images for Automated Classification Imagery was collected without artificial light and using a fisheye lens to maximise light capture, therefore each image needed to be processed prior annotation in order to balance colour and to minimise the non-linear distortion introduced by the fisheye lens (Figure S1). Initially, colour balance and lenses distortion correction were manually applied on the raw images using Photoshop (Adobe Systems, California, USA). However, in order to optimize the manual post-processing time of thousands of images, more recent images from the Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean were post- processed using compressed images (jpeg format) and an automatic batch processing in Photoshop and ImageMagick, the latter an open-source software for image processing (www.imagemagick.org). In view of this, the performance of the automated image annotation on images without colour balance was contrasted against images colour balanced using manual post-processing (on raw images) and the automatic batch processing (on jpeg images). For this evaluation, the error metric described in the main text (Materials and Methods) was applied to the images from following regions: the Maldives and the Great Barrier Reef (Figures S2 and S3). We found that the colour balance applied regardless the type of processing (manual vs automatic) had an important beneficial effect on the performance of the automated image annotation as errors were reduced for critical labels in both regions (e.g., Algae labels; Figures S2 and S3). Importantly, no major differences in the performance of the automated annotations were observed between manual and automated adjustments for colour balance. -
Checklist of Fish and Invertebrates Listed in the CITES Appendices
JOINTS NATURE \=^ CONSERVATION COMMITTEE Checklist of fish and mvertebrates Usted in the CITES appendices JNCC REPORT (SSN0963-«OStl JOINT NATURE CONSERVATION COMMITTEE Report distribution Report Number: No. 238 Contract Number/JNCC project number: F7 1-12-332 Date received: 9 June 1995 Report tide: Checklist of fish and invertebrates listed in the CITES appendices Contract tide: Revised Checklists of CITES species database Contractor: World Conservation Monitoring Centre 219 Huntingdon Road, Cambridge, CB3 ODL Comments: A further fish and invertebrate edition in the Checklist series begun by NCC in 1979, revised and brought up to date with current CITES listings Restrictions: Distribution: JNCC report collection 2 copies Nature Conservancy Council for England, HQ, Library 1 copy Scottish Natural Heritage, HQ, Library 1 copy Countryside Council for Wales, HQ, Library 1 copy A T Smail, Copyright Libraries Agent, 100 Euston Road, London, NWl 2HQ 5 copies British Library, Legal Deposit Office, Boston Spa, Wetherby, West Yorkshire, LS23 7BQ 1 copy Chadwick-Healey Ltd, Cambridge Place, Cambridge, CB2 INR 1 copy BIOSIS UK, Garforth House, 54 Michlegate, York, YOl ILF 1 copy CITES Management and Scientific Authorities of EC Member States total 30 copies CITES Authorities, UK Dependencies total 13 copies CITES Secretariat 5 copies CITES Animals Committee chairman 1 copy European Commission DG Xl/D/2 1 copy World Conservation Monitoring Centre 20 copies TRAFFIC International 5 copies Animal Quarantine Station, Heathrow 1 copy Department of the Environment (GWD) 5 copies Foreign & Commonwealth Office (ESED) 1 copy HM Customs & Excise 3 copies M Bradley Taylor (ACPO) 1 copy ^\(\\ Joint Nature Conservation Committee Report No. -
Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology Northwestern Hawaiian Islands
Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Research Partnership Quarterly Progress Reports II-III August, 2005-March, 2006 Report submitted by Malia Rivera and Jo-Ann Leong April 21, 2006 Photo credits: Front cover and back cover-reef at French Frigate Shoals. Upper left, reef at Pearl and Hermes. Photos by James Watt. Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Research Partnership Quarterly Progress Reports II-III August, 2005-March, 2006 Report submitted by Malia Rivera and Jo-Ann Leong April 21, 2006 Acknowledgments. Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology (HIMB) acknowledges the support of Senator Daniel K. Inouye’s Office, the National Marine Sanctuary Program (NMSP), the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve (NWHICRER), State of Hawaii Department of Land and Natural Resources (DLNR) Division of Aquatic Resources, US Fish and Wildlife Service, NOAA Fisheries, and the numerous University of Hawaii partners involved in this project. Funding provided by NMSP MOA 2005-008/66832. Photos provided by NOAA NWHICRER and HIMB. Aerial photo of Moku o Lo‘e (Coconut Island) by Brent Daniel. Background The Hawai‘i Institute of Marine Biology (School of Ocean and Earth Science and Technology, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa) signed a memorandum of agreement with National Marine Sanctuary Program (NOS, NOAA) on March 28, 2005, to assist the Northwestern Hawaiian Islands Coral Reef Ecosystem Reserve (NWHICRER) with scientific research required for the development of a science-based ecosystem management plan. With this overriding objective, a scope of work was developed to: 1. Understand the population structures of bottomfish, lobsters, reef fish, endemic coral species, and adult predator species in the NWHI. -
Taxonomic Checklist of CITES Listed Coral Species Part II
CoP16 Doc. 43.1 (Rev. 1) Annex 5.2 (English only / Únicamente en inglés / Seulement en anglais) Taxonomic Checklist of CITES listed Coral Species Part II CORAL SPECIES AND SYNONYMS CURRENTLY RECOGNIZED IN THE UNEP‐WCMC DATABASE 1. Scleractinia families Family Name Accepted Name Species Author Nomenclature Reference Synonyms ACROPORIDAE Acropora abrolhosensis Veron, 1985 Veron (2000) Madrepora crassa Milne Edwards & Haime, 1860; ACROPORIDAE Acropora abrotanoides (Lamarck, 1816) Veron (2000) Madrepora abrotanoides Lamarck, 1816; Acropora mangarevensis Vaughan, 1906 ACROPORIDAE Acropora aculeus (Dana, 1846) Veron (2000) Madrepora aculeus Dana, 1846 Madrepora acuminata Verrill, 1864; Madrepora diffusa ACROPORIDAE Acropora acuminata (Verrill, 1864) Veron (2000) Verrill, 1864; Acropora diffusa (Verrill, 1864); Madrepora nigra Brook, 1892 ACROPORIDAE Acropora akajimensis Veron, 1990 Veron (2000) Madrepora coronata Brook, 1892; Madrepora ACROPORIDAE Acropora anthocercis (Brook, 1893) Veron (2000) anthocercis Brook, 1893 ACROPORIDAE Acropora arabensis Hodgson & Carpenter, 1995 Veron (2000) Madrepora aspera Dana, 1846; Acropora cribripora (Dana, 1846); Madrepora cribripora Dana, 1846; Acropora manni (Quelch, 1886); Madrepora manni ACROPORIDAE Acropora aspera (Dana, 1846) Veron (2000) Quelch, 1886; Acropora hebes (Dana, 1846); Madrepora hebes Dana, 1846; Acropora yaeyamaensis Eguchi & Shirai, 1977 ACROPORIDAE Acropora austera (Dana, 1846) Veron (2000) Madrepora austera Dana, 1846 ACROPORIDAE Acropora awi Wallace & Wolstenholme, 1998 Veron (2000) ACROPORIDAE Acropora azurea Veron & Wallace, 1984 Veron (2000) ACROPORIDAE Acropora batunai Wallace, 1997 Veron (2000) ACROPORIDAE Acropora bifurcata Nemenzo, 1971 Veron (2000) ACROPORIDAE Acropora branchi Riegl, 1995 Veron (2000) Madrepora brueggemanni Brook, 1891; Isopora ACROPORIDAE Acropora brueggemanni (Brook, 1891) Veron (2000) brueggemanni (Brook, 1891) ACROPORIDAE Acropora bushyensis Veron & Wallace, 1984 Veron (2000) Acropora fasciculare Latypov, 1992 ACROPORIDAE Acropora cardenae Wells, 1985 Veron (2000) CoP16 Doc. -
Genetic Structure Is Stronger Across Human-Impacted Habitats Than Among Islands in the Coral Porites Lobata
Genetic structure is stronger across human-impacted habitats than among islands in the coral Porites lobata Kaho H. Tisthammer1,2, Zac H. Forsman3, Robert J. Toonen3 and Robert H. Richmond1 1 Kewalo Marine Laboratory, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI, United States of America 2 Department of Biology, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA, United States of America 3 Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Kaneohe, HI, United States of America ABSTRACT We examined genetic structure in the lobe coral Porites lobata among pairs of highly variable and high-stress nearshore sites and adjacent less variable and less impacted offshore sites on the islands of O‘ahu and Maui, Hawai‘i. Using an analysis of molecular variance framework, we tested whether populations were more structured by geographic distance or environmental extremes. The genetic patterns we observed followed isolation by environment, where nearshore and adjacent offshore populations showed significant genetic structure at both locations (AMOVA FST D 0.04∼0.19, P < 0:001), but no significant isolation by distance between islands. Strikingly, corals from the two nearshore sites with higher levels of environmental stressors on different islands over 100 km apart with similar environmentally stressful conditions were genetically closer (FST D 0.0, P D 0.73) than those within a single location less than 2 km apart (FST D 0.04∼0.08, P < 0:01). In contrast, a third site with a less impacted nearshore site (i.e., less pronounced environmental gradient) showed no significant structure from the offshore comparison. Our results show much stronger support for environment than distance separating these populations. -
Bleaching and Recovery of Five Eastern Pacific Corals in an El Niño-Related Temperature Experiment
BULLETIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, 69(1): 215–236, 2001 BLEACHING AND RECOVERY OF FIVE EASTERN PACIFIC CORALS IN AN EL NIÑO-RELATED TEMPERATURE EXPERIMENT Christiane Hueerkamp, Peter W. Glynn, Luis D’Croz, Juan L. Maté and Susan B. Colley ABSTRACT Coral bleaching events have increased in frequency and severity, due mainly to el- evated water temperature associated with El Niño-related warming and a general global warming trend. We experimentally tested the effects of El Niño-like sea temperature conditions on five reef-building corals in the Gulf of Panama. Branching species (Pocillopora damicornis and Pocillopora elegans) and massive species (Porites lobata, Pavona clavus and Pavona gigantea) were exposed to experimentally elevated seawater temperature, ~1–2∞C above ambient. Differences in zooxanthellate coral responses to bleaching and ability to recover were compared and quantified. All corals exposed to high temperature treatment exhibited significant declines in zooxanthellae densities and chlorophyll a concentrations. Pocilloporid species were the most sensitive, being the first to bleach, and suffered the highest mortality (50% after 50 d exposure). Massive coral species demonstrated varying tolerances, but were generally less affected. P. gigantea exhibited the greatest resistance to bleaching, with no lethal effects observed. Maximum experimental recovery was observed in P. lobata. No signs of recovery occurred in P. clavus, as zooxanthellae densities and chlorophyll a concentrations continued to decline under ambient (control) conditions. Experimental coral responses from populations in an upwelling environment are contrasted with field responses observed in a nonupwelling area during the 1997–98 El Niño–Southern Oscillation event. A variety of stressors can lead to coral bleaching, the whitening of coral tissue, a prob- lem that threatens reefs worldwide. -
Biological Environmental Survey in Cat Ba Island
Biodiversity International Journal Research Article Open Access Biological environmental survey in Cat Ba Island Abstract Volume 2 Issue 2 - 2018 Cat Ba Island has a significant biodiversity value as it is home to a number of rare and endangered species of plants and animals, with the world’s rarest primates the Golden- Doan Quang Tri,1,2 Tran Hong Thai2 headed Langur. According to the study results, Cat Ba place have listed 2,380 species of 1Ton Duc Thang University, Vietnam animals and plants including: terrestrial plants 741 species; living animals in the forest area 2 Vietnam Meteorological and Hydrological Administration, 282 species; mangrove plants 30 species; seaweeds 79 species; phytoplankton 287 species; Vietnam plank tonic animals 98 species; sea-fish 196 species; corals 154 species. It is identified as one of the areas of highest biodiversity importance in Vietnam and is recognized as a high Correspondence: Doan Quang Tri, Sustainable Management of priority for global conservation. Natural Resources and Environment Research Group, Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Keywords: mangrove, seagrass, coral reef, phytoplankton, cat ba island Chi Minh City, Vietnam, Email [email protected] Received: December 04, 2017 | Published: March 28, 2018 Introduction the richest marine biological system because of its diversity in the North of Vietnam.3‒7 Biosphere reserves Cat Ba Island has been recognized as a UNESCO World on December 02nd, 2004. It is the 4th world’s biosphere reserve in Vietnam. Biosphere reserves Cat Ba archipelago including great majority of Cat Ba Island in Cat Hai district, Hai Phong city, Vietnam. -
The Dietary Preferences, Depth Range and Size of the Crown of Thorns Starfish (Acanthaster Spp.) on the Coral Reefs of Koh Tao, Thailand by Leon B
The dietary preferences, depth range and size of the Crown of Thorns Starfish (Acanthaster spp.) on the coral reefs of Koh Tao, Thailand By Leon B. Haines Author: Leon Haines 940205001 Supervisors: New Heaven Reef Conservation Program: Chad Scott Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences: Peter Hofman 29/09/2015 The dietary preferences, depth range and size of the Crown of Thorns Starfish (Acanthaster spp.) on the coral reefs of Koh Tao, Thailand Author: Leon Haines 940205001 Supervisors: New Heaven Reef Conservation Program: Chad Scott Van Hall Larenstein University of Applied Sciences: Peter Hofman 29/09/2015 Cover image:(NHRCP, 2015) 2 Preface This paper is written in light of my 3rd year project based internship of Integrated Coastal Zone management major marine biology at the Van Hall Larenstein University of applied science. My internship took place at the New Heaven Reef Conservation Program on the island of Koh Tao, Thailand. During my internship I performed a study on the corallivorous Crown of Thorns starfish, which is threatening the coral reefs of Koh Tao due to high density ‘outbreaks’. Understanding the biology of this threat is vital for developing effective conservation strategies to protect the vulnerable reefs on which the islands environment, community and economy rely. Very special thanks to Chad Scott, program director of the New Heaven Reef Conservation program, for supervising and helping me make this possible. Thanks to Devrim Zahir. Thanks to the New Heaven Reef Conservation team; Ploy, Pau, Rahul and Spencer. Thanks to my supervisor at Van Hall Larenstein; Peter Hofman. 3 Abstract Acanthaster is a specialized coral-feeder and feeds nearly solely, 90-95%, on sleractinia (reef building corals), preferably Acroporidae and Pocilloporidae families. -
Scleractinian Reef Corals: Identification Notes
SCLERACTINIAN REEF CORALS: IDENTIFICATION NOTES By JACKIE WOLSTENHOLME James Cook University AUGUST 2004 DOI: 10.13140/RG.2.2.24656.51205 http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.24656.51205 Scleractinian Reef Corals: Identification Notes by Jackie Wolstenholme is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................................................................................................................................ i INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................................. 1 ABBREVIATIONS AND DEFINITIONS ............................................................................................................. 2 FAMILY ACROPORIDAE.................................................................................................................................... 3 Montipora ........................................................................................................................................................... 3 Massive/thick plates/encrusting & tuberculae/papillae ................................................................................... 3 Montipora monasteriata .............................................................................................................................. 3 Massive/thick plates/encrusting & papillae ................................................................................................... -
Transplantation of Porites Lutea to Rehabilitate Degraded Coral Reef at Maiton Island, Phuket, Thailand
Proceedings of the 11th International Coral Reef Symposium, Ft. Lauderdale, Florida, 7-11 July 2008 Session number 24 Transplantation of Porites lutea to rehabilitate degraded coral reef at Maiton Island, Phuket, Thailand N. Thongtham, H. Chansang Phuket Marine Biological Center, P.O. Box 60, Phuket 83000, Thailand Abstract. This study compared the growth and survival of different sized transplants of Porites lutea at Maiton Island, Thailand. Fragments in three different sizes, 5.0 x 5.0 cm (large), 3.5 x 3.5 cm (medium) and 2.5 x 2.5 cm (small), were detached from intact coral colonies. Unattached coral colonies in each size category from the site were also transplanted for comparison. The fragments and unattached colonies were cemented on concrete blocks. Medium-size fragments and colonies showed high survivorship whereas small-size fragments and unattached colonies showed low survivorship. Growth was measured as increase in colony plan area and increase in height. Area of transplants increased exponentially and the growth constant of small-size colonies was significantly higher than that of large-size colonies (S-N-K, p = 0.021). Rates of height increase were significantly different among all sizes for fragments (with smaller fragments performing more poorly) whereas there was no difference in this parameter among colonies. Medium-size fragments appeared the appropriate size for transplantation as they showed the highest survival. It is also recommended that all sizes of loose colonies should be used for transplantation as attachment increases their chance of survival, which assists natural recovery. Key words: Porites lutea, coral transplantation, coral rehabilitation. -
Reproduction and Population of Porites Divaricata at Rodriguez Key: the Lorf Ida Keys, USA John Mcdermond Nova Southeastern University, [email protected]
Nova Southeastern University NSUWorks HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations HCNSO Student Work 1-1-2014 Reproduction and Population of Porites divaricata at Rodriguez Key: The lorF ida Keys, USA John McDermond Nova Southeastern University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd Part of the Marine Biology Commons, and the Oceanography Commons Share Feedback About This Item NSUWorks Citation John McDermond. 2014. Reproduction and Population of Porites divaricata at Rodriguez Key: The Florida Keys, USA. Master's thesis. Nova Southeastern University. Retrieved from NSUWorks, Oceanographic Center. (17) https://nsuworks.nova.edu/occ_stuetd/17. This Thesis is brought to you by the HCNSO Student Work at NSUWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in HCNSO Student Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of NSUWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. NOVA SOUTHEASTERN UNIVERSITY OCEANOGRAPHIC CENTER Reproduction and Population of Porites divaricata at Rodriguez Key: The Florida Keys, USA By: John McDermond Submitted to the faculty of Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science with a specialty in Marine Biology Nova Southeastern University i Thesis of John McDermond Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of Science: Marine Biology Nova Southeastern University Oceanographic Center Major Professor: __________________________________