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Journal of Bioresource Management Volume 6 Issue 3 Article 3 Shrews from Moist Temperate Forests of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Andleeb Batool Government College University, Lahore Pakistan, [email protected] Muhammad Asif Gondal COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan Jibran Haider Forest and wildlife Department, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan Follow this and additional works at: https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/jbm Part of the Biodiversity Commons, Forest Sciences Commons, and the Zoology Commons Recommended Citation Batool, A., Gondal, M., & Haider, J. (2019). Shrews from Moist Temperate Forests of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Journal of Bioresource Management, 6 (3). DOI: https://doi.org/10.35691/JBM.9102.0109 ISSN: 2309-3854 online (Received: Dec 31, 2019; Accepted: Dec 31, 2019; Published: Aug 12, 2019) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by CORE Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Bioresource Management by an authorized editor of CORE Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Shrews from Moist Temperate Forests of Azad Jammu and Kashmir © Copyrights of all the papers published in Journal of Bioresource Management are with its publisher, Center for Bioresource Research (CBR) Islamabad, Pakistan. This permits anyone to copy, redistribute, remix, transmit and adapt the work for non-commercial purposes provided the original work and source is appropriately cited. Journal of Bioresource Management does not grant you any other rights in relation to this website or the material on this website. In other words, all other rights are reserved. For the avoidance of doubt, you must not adapt, edit, change, transform, publish, republish, distribute, redistribute, broadcast, rebroadcast or show or play in public this website or the material on this website (in any form or media) without appropriately and conspicuously citing the original work and source or Journal of Bioresource Management’s prior written permission. This article is available in Journal of Bioresource Management: https://corescholar.libraries.wright.edu/jbm/vol6/ iss3/3 Batool et al. (2019). Shrews from Moist Temperate Forests of AJK J Biores Manag. 6 (3): 34-37 SHREWS FROM MOIST TEMPERATE FORESTS OF AZAD JAMMU AND KASHMIR ANDLEEB BATOOL1*, MUHAMMAD ASIF GONDAL2 AND JIBRAN HAIDER3 1Department of Zoology, GC University, Lahore, Pakistan 2COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan 2Forest and Wildlife Department, Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT The soricidae family comprises of nearly 23 genera out of which approximately 200 species have been associated with the Eurasian region (IUCN, 1995). A lot of ambiguity surrounds this family, especially where taxonomic classification is concerned; also, not much is known about their geographic location. Five protected parks from Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) were explored for population trend studies of family soricidae. Dhirkot Nature Reserve (DNR) was observed in February, 2008, Banjosa Nature Reserve (BNR) in May-June, 2009, Tolipir National Park (TNP) in April to May, 2008, Pir Chanasi National Park (PCNP) in April to May, 2010 and Pir Lasura National Park (PLNP) from June to July, 2009. Only four species belonging to the soricidae family were found; Suncus etruscus, Suncus murinus, Sorex minutus thibetanus and Crocidura pullata. The Asiatic white toothed shrew was only observed in PCNP, DNR and BNR. Suncus murinus was only observed in PCNP. Sorex minutus thibetanus was only observed in Banjosa Nature Reserve. Suncus etruscus was only observed from DNR and BNR. Keywords: Shrew, mammal, insectivore, temperate forest, national park INTRODUCTION species (Suncus murinus and Crocidura pullata) from Pakistan. The highest diversity The family soricidae belongs to the was noted from Nepal (10 species) and order insectivora. The IUCN Redlist reports Sikkim, India (10). Three species were more than 400 species from this family. reported from China. Approximately 200 species belonging to the A lot of ambiguity surrounds this soricidae family have been associated with family, especially where taxonomic the Eurasian region (IUCN, 1995). This classification is concerned; also, not much is family comprises of nearly 23 genera. known about their geographic location. The Chakraborty et al. (2004) created a checklist species from this family are usually only of insectivores from the south Asian region. active for short periods of time (IUCN, They reported 31 species from this family; 1995). This study contributes towards seven species from the Suncus genus, eleven updating the checklist of species belonging species from Crocidura genus and four to the family soricidae from moist temperate species from the Sorex genus. forests of Pakistan. Much of the studies conducted related to this family include phylogenetic MATERIALS AND METHODS studies (Demboski and Cook, 2003; Ruedi, 1996; Brant and Orti, 2003). Jenkins (2013) Five protected parks from Azad conducted a study on the subclade soricid of Jammu and Kashmir (AJK) were explored this soricidae from Himalayas and linked for population trend studies of family regions. They reported only two soricidae soricidae. Dhirkot Nature Reserve (DNR) was observed in February, 2008, Banjosa 34 Batool et al. (2019). Shrews from Moist Temperate Forests of AJK J Biores Manag. 6 (3): 34-37 Nature Reserve (BNR) in May-June, 2009, included satellite surveillance (Arc View Tolipir National Park (TNP) in April to GIS 3.3, 1992-2002), data gathered through May, 2008, Pir Chanasi National Park questioning residents, books and previously (PCNP) in April to May, 2010 and Pir published scholarly articles were utilized to Lasura National Park (PLNP) from June to aid the study. Scats, walking tracks and fur July, 2009. The study area was physically samples were observed for the presence of investigated. The other methods employed shrews. RESULT Table: List of mammalian species of family Soricidae recorded from AJK. Species Food Breeding Remarks Population Global preference season/ status * Litter size Crocidura Various Mar-Oct/ Associated with moist 6 -BNR DD pullata species of 3-7 temperate forest. Or 2- DNR Asiatic white arthropods, banks of streams in dry 9-PCNP toothed shrew wood lice and and open hillsides, beetles. Inquisitive, voracious, aggressive Suncus Arthropods, Aug-Oct Unobtrusive, 33- BNR LC etruscus wood lice and Liter size 2 commensally life style 27- DNP Pygmy Shrew beetles. Sorex minutus Arthropods, Aug-Oct Unobtrusive, 25- BNR LC thibetanus wood lice and Liter size commensally life style Asiatic Pygmy beetles. 4-6 Shrew Suncus They are Apr- Jun It is not gregarious, 20-PCNP LC murinus omnivorous; nocturnal in feeding normally eat activity House Shrew insects’ crickets and cockroaches. * 2008 IUCN Red List Category (http://www.iucnredlist.org/apps/redlist/details/) Abbreviations: * LC = Least Concern, DD = Data Deficient 35 Batool et al. (2019). Shrews from Moist Temperate Forests of AJK J Biores Manag. 6 (3): 34-37 a b c d Figure 1. Species of Family Soricidae from AJK (a) Crocidura pullata (b) Suncus etruscus (c) Sorex minutus thibetanus (d) Suncus murinus 36 Batool et al. (2019). Shrews from Moist Temperate Forests of AJK J Biores Manag. 6 (3): 34-37 DISCUSSION 2009 and reported the presence of only this species from the family Soricidae. Crocidura pullata (Asiatic white toothed shrew) was not observed in Tolipir CONCLUSION National Park and Pir Larsura National Park, with the highest population observed in Pir Only four species belonging to the Chanasi National Park (9 %). Jiang and soricidae family were found; Suncus Hoffmann (2001) cite 164 known species etruscus, Suncus murinus, Sorex minutus from Crocidura genera. The geographic thibetanus and Crocidura pullata. The range of this genera is unclear due to the Asiatic white toothed shrew was only ambiguity in its classification. This presence observed in PCNP, DNR and BNR. Suncus of this species was reported by Shabbir et al. murinus was only observed in PCNP. Sorex (2013) in Chitral Gol National Park and minutus thibetanus was only observed in Tushi Game Reserve, Pakistan. The Banjosa Nature Reserve. Suncus etruscus presence was confirmed using samples from was only observed from DNR and BNR. Grey wolf and Asiatic Jackal scats, indicating them to be predators of the REFERENCES Asiatic white-toothed shrew. Altaf M, Javid A, Irfan, Munir MA, Ashraf Suncus etruscus (Pygmy Shrew) was S, Umair M, Iqbal KJ, Khan AM, Ali not recorded from three of the locations Z (2014). Diversity of wild studied Tolipir National Park, Pir Chanasi mammalian fauna of Chenab riverine National Park and Pir Larsura National Park forest, Punjab, Pakistan. J Anim with the highest population observed in Plant Sci., 24(5): 1342-1347. Banjosa Nature Reserve (33 %). Altaf et al. Altaf, M. 2016. Assessment of avian and (2014) reported a 0.046 relative abundance Mammalian Diversity at Selected of this species from riverine forests of Sites along river Chenab University Chenab near head Qadirabad, 0.033 near of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, head Khanki and 0.030 near head Marala PhD Thesis. Lahore. Retrieved from: from May 2009 to April 2010. http://prr.hec.gov.pk/jspui/bitstream/ Sorex minutus thibetanus (Asiatic 123456789/2846/1/Muhammad_Alta Pygmy Shrew) Local sightings of this f_Wildlife_%26_Ecology_2016_UV species were 25% in BNR at AJK. Global AS_HSR_29.07.2016.pdf status of this species according to IUCN is Brant SV, Orti
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    Convergent evolution of olfactory and thermoregulatory capacities in small amphibious mammals Quentin Martineza,1, Julien Clavelb,c, Jacob A. Esselstynd,e, Anang S. Achmadif, Camille Grohég,h, Nelly Piroti,j, and Pierre-Henri Fabrea,k aInstitut des Sciences de l’Évolution de Montpellier (ISEM), CNRS, Institut de recherche pour le développement (IRD), Université de Montpellier (UM), UMR 5554, 34095 Montpellier, France; bDepartment of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, SW7 5DB London, United Kingdom; cUniv. Lyon Laboratoire d’Ecologie des Hydrosystèmes Naturels et Anthropisés, UMR CNRS 5023, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l’État (ENTPE), F‐69622 Villeurbanne, Cedex, France; dMuseum of Natural Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803; eDepartment of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803; fMuseum Zoologicum Bogoriense, Research Center for Biology, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), 16911 Cibinong, Indonesia; gDivision of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History, New York, NY 10024; hLaboratoire Paléontologie Évolution Paléoécosystèmes Paléoprimatologie (PALEVOPRIM, UMR 7262, CNRS-Institut écologie et environnement [INEE]), Université de Poitiers, 86073 Poitiers, Cedex 9, France; iInstitut de Recherche en Cancérologie de Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM, U1194 UM, Institut du Cancer de Montpellier (ICM), F-34298 Montpellier, Cedex 5, France; jRéseau d’Histologie Expérimentale de Montpellier, UMS3426 CNRS-US009 INSERM-UM, 34298 Montpellier, France; and kMammal Section, Department of Life Sciences, The Natural History Museum, SW7 5DB London, United Kingdom Edited by David B. Wake, University of California, Berkeley, CA, and approved February 28, 2020 (received for review October 11, 2019) Olfaction and thermoregulation are key functions for mammals. The partitioning has been documented in histological, airflow dynamic, former is critical to feeding, mating, and predator avoidance behaviors, and performance test studies (9–13).
  • Moles, Shrews, Mice and More

    Moles, Shrews, Mice and More

    Moles, RESEARCHERS FOCUS IN ON Shrews, NEW HAMPSHIRE’S MANY SMALL Mice MAMMALS and more 8 NovemberSeptember / / December October 2016 2016 by ELLEN SNYDER mall mammals – those weighing less than six ounces – are a surprisingly diverse group. In New England, they include mice, voles, bog lemmings, flying squir- Srels, chipmunks, moles and shrews. Researchers study small mammals because they are common, widespread, diverse, easily handled and reproduce often. My father, Dana Snyder, was one of those researchers. In the 1960s, when I was just four years old, he began a long-term study of the ecology of the eastern chipmunk in the Green Mountains of southern Vermont. Our summer camping trips to his study site infused me with a fondness for small mammals, especially chipmunks. Chipmunks are one of those small mammals that both entertain and annoy. Colorful in their brown and white stripes, they are lively and active during the day. When star- tled, they emit a high-pitched “chip” before darting off to a hideout; their low chuck, chuck, chuck is a common summer sound in our woods. They can stuff huge numbers of seeds into their cheek pouches. Despite their prevalence, chipmunks live solitary lives and are highly territorial. In winter, they take a long nap, waking occasionally to eat stored seeds or emerge above ground on a warm winter day. When I was in elementary school, my dad brought home an orphaned flying squirrel. We were enthralled with its large, dark eyes and soft fur. It would curl up in my shirt pocket, and I took it to school for show-and-tell.