PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

PEOPLE ALMOST MENTIONED IN CAPE COD:

DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY

“NARRATIVE HISTORY” AMOUNTS TO FABULATION, THE REAL STUFF BEING MERE CHRONOLOGY

“Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project People of Cape Cod: Dr. William Lauder Lindsay HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

CAPE COD: Every landscape which is dreary enough has a certain PEOPLE OF beauty to my eyes, and in this instance its permanent qualities CAPE COD were enhanced by the weather. Everything told of the sea, even when we did not see its waste or hear its roar. For birds there were gulls, and for carts in the fields, boats turned bottom upward against the houses, and sometimes the rib of a whale was woven into the fence by the road-side. The trees were, if possible, rarer than the houses, excepting apple trees, of which there were a few small orchards in the hollows. These were either narrow and high, with flat tops, having lost their side branches, like huge plum bushes growing in exposed situations, or else dwarfed and branching immediately at the ground, like quince bushes. They suggested that, under like circumstances, all trees would at last acquire like habits of growth. I afterward saw on the Cape many full grown apple trees not higher than a man’s head; one whole orchard, indeed, where all the fruit could have been gathered by a man standing on the ground; but you could hardly creep beneath the trees. Some, which the owners told me were twenty years old, were only three and a half feet high, spreading at six inches from the ground five feet each way, and being withal surrounded with boxes of tar to catch the canker worms, they looked like plants in flower pots, and as if they might be taken into the house in the winter. In another place, I saw some not much larger than currant bushes; yet, the owner told me that they had borne a barrel and a half of apples that fall. If they had been placed close together, I could have cleared them all at a jump. I measured some near the Highland Light in Truro, which had been taken from the shrubby woods thereabouts when young, and grafted. One, which had been set ten years, was on an average eighteen inches high, and spread nine feet with a flat top. It had borne one bushel of apples two years before. Another, probably twenty years old from the seed, was five feet high, and spread eighteen feet, branching, as usual, at the ground, so that you could not creep under it. This bore a barrel of apples two years before. The owner of these trees invariably used the personal pronoun in speaking of them; as, “I got him out of the woods, but he doesn’t bear.” The largest that I saw in that neighborhood was nine feet high to the topmost leaf, and spread thirty-three feet, branching at the ground five ways. This habit of growth should, no doubt, be encouraged; and they should not be trimmed up, as some travelling practitioners have advised. In one yard I observed a single, very healthy-looking tree, while all the rest were dead or dying. The occupant said that his father had manured all but that one with blackfish. In 1802 there was not a single fruit tree in Chatham, the next town to Orleans, on the south; and the old account of Orleans says: –“Fruit trees cannot be made to grow within a mile of the ocean. Even those which are placed at a greater distance, are injured by the east winds; and, after violent storms in the spring, a saltish taste is perceptible on their bark.” We noticed that they were often covered with a yellow lichen like rust, the Parmelia parietina.

DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

1829

December 19, Saturday: William Lauder Lindsay was born in Edinburgh as the initial son of James Lindsay of H.M. Sasine Office, Register House, Edinburgh, with Helen Lauder Lindsay, daughter of Captain Lauder. SCOTLAND

NOBODY COULD GUESS WHAT WOULD HAPPEN NEXT

“Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project People of Cape Cod: Dr. William Lauder Lindsay HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

1844

At the royal high school in Edinburgh, William Lauder Lindsay was honored as the Medallist, or “Dux,” of his class. SCOTLAND

LIFE IS LIVED FORWARD BUT UNDERSTOOD BACKWARD? — NO, THAT’S GIVING TOO MUCH TO THE HISTORIAN’S STORIES. LIFE ISN’T TO BE UNDERSTOOD EITHER FORWARD OR BACKWARD.

“Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project People of Cape Cod: Dr. William Lauder Lindsay HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

1845

THE BOOK OF BALLADS, edited by Bon Gaultier (Sir Theodore Martin and William Edmondstoune Aytoun).

William Lauder Lindsay graduated from the royal high school in Edinburgh as Medallist, or “Dux,” of his class, and would enter the University of Edinburgh. SCOTLAND

DO I HAVE YOUR ATTENTION? GOOD.

“Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project People of Cape Cod: Dr. William Lauder Lindsay HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

1852

The Reverend George Gilfillan’s MARTYRS, HEROES, AND BARDS OF THE SCOTTISH COVENANT (Albert Cockshaw).

William Lauder Lindsay received the degree of M.D. with his thesis on ANATOMY, MORPHOLOGY, AND PHYSIOLOGY OF THE LICHENS being awarded the highest (3-star) honor. Although he had needed to work as a clerk in the Register House during the entirety of his medical education, he nevertheless won several university prizes including the medal and 1st prizes in botany, and had found time to put together a valuable herbarium. SCOTLAND

THE FUTURE IS MOST READILY PREDICTED IN RETROSPECT

“Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project People of Cape Cod: Dr. William Lauder Lindsay HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

1854

The Reverend George Gilfillan’s THIRD GALLERY OF LITERARY PORTRAITS (Edinburgh: Hogg).

Completing one year’s service as resident physician of the City Cholera Hospital, Edinburgh, Dr. William Lauder Lindsay became an assistant physician in the Crichton Royal Institution, Dumfries and was then appointed medical officer to Murray’s Royal Institution for the Insane at Perth, Australia.

James George Frazer was born in Glasgow.

Susan Edmonstone Ferrier died.

John Gibson Lockhart died in Abbotsford.

John Wilson died. SCOTLAND HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

NO-ONE’S LIFE IS EVER NOT DRIVEN PRIMARILY BY HAPPENSTANCE

“Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project People of Cape Cod: Dr. William Lauder Lindsay HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

1856

Herman Melville’s THE PIAZZA TALES included a slightly edited reprinting of BARTLEBY, THE SCRIVENER: ASTORY OF WALL STREET. In addition, this year Melville finished THE CONFIDENCE MAN: HIS MASQUERADE and in October began to journey abroad alone, for his health.1 From Scotland he went to MUMPERY Liverpool where he attempted one last meeting with Nathaniel Hawthorne (whom he told he had “pretty much made up his mind to be annihilated”), and then sojourned on in Malta, Greece, Egypt, Palestine, and Italy. “Give me a condor’s quill! Give me Vesuvius’ crater for an inkstand!” VOLCANISM

Dr. William Lauder Lindsay’s A POPULAR HISTORY OF BRITISH LICHENS, COMPRISING AN ACCOUNT OF THEIR STRUCTURE, REPRODUCTION, USES, DISTRIBUTION, AND CLASSIFICATION (London: Lovell Reeve, 5, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, with numerous illustrations by the author). HIST. OF BRITISH LICHENS BOTANIZING

(It seems evident that this must have been the text in Henry Thoreau’s library, that he would have been consulting for his remarks about the lichens in CAPE COD.)

1. His father-in-law Lemuel Shaw loaned him $1,500 for this journey, which would be the equivalent today of loaning someone $150,000 without security so that they could go off on a world tour (in other words, this was not something that anyone in their right mind would contemplate doing without having some really good reason –even if they never tell anyone what their reason is– some reason such as “I need to get you the hell away from my daughter.”). You may consult a record of this journey in JOURNAL UP THE STRAITS, OCTOBER 1, 1856-MAY 5, 1857, which has been published in 1935. HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

CAPE COD: Every landscape which is dreary enough has a certain PEOPLE OF beauty to my eyes, and in this instance its permanent qualities were enhanced by the weather. Everything told of the sea, even CAPE COD when we did not see its waste or hear its roar. For birds there were gulls, and for carts in the fields, boats turned bottom upward against the houses, and sometimes the rib of a whale was woven into the fence by the road-side. The trees were, if possible, rarer than the houses, excepting apple trees, of which there were a few small orchards in the hollows. These were either narrow and high, with flat tops, having lost their side branches, like huge plum bushes growing in exposed situations, or else dwarfed and branching immediately at the ground, like quince bushes. They suggested that, under like circumstances, all trees would at last acquire like habits of growth. I afterward saw on the Cape many full grown apple trees not higher than a man’s head; one whole orchard, indeed, where all the fruit could have been gathered by a man standing on the ground; but you could hardly creep beneath the trees. Some, which the owners told me were twenty years old, were only three and a half feet high, spreading at six inches from the ground five feet each way, and being withal surrounded with boxes of tar to catch the canker worms, they looked like plants in flower pots, and as if they might be taken into the house in the winter. In another place, I saw some not much larger than currant bushes; yet, the owner told me that they had borne a barrel and a half of apples that fall. If they had been placed close together, I could have cleared them all at a jump. I measured some near the Highland Light in Truro, which had been taken from the shrubby woods thereabouts when young, and grafted. One, which had been set ten years, was on an average eighteen inches high, and spread nine feet with a flat top. It had borne one bushel of apples two years before. Another, probably twenty years old from the seed, was five feet high, and spread eighteen feet, branching, as usual, at the ground, so that you could not creep under it. This bore a barrel of apples two years before. The owner of these trees invariably used the personal pronoun in speaking of them; as, “I got him out of the woods, but he doesn’t bear.” The largest that I saw in that neighborhood was nine feet high to the topmost leaf, and spread thirty-three feet, branching at the ground five ways. This habit of growth should, no doubt, be encouraged; and they should not be trimmed up, as some travelling practitioners have advised. In one yard I observed a single, very healthy-looking tree, while all the rest were dead or dying. The occupant said that his father had manured all but that one with blackfish. In 1802 there was not a single fruit tree in Chatham, the next town to Orleans, on the south; and the old account of Orleans says: –“Fruit trees cannot be made to grow within a mile of the ocean. Even those which are placed at a greater distance, are injured by the east winds; and, after violent storms in the spring, a saltish taste is perceptible on their bark.” We noticed that they were often covered with a yellow lichen like rust, the Parmelia parietina. HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

1857

August 17, Monday: Henry Thoreau wrote to Benjamin Marston Watson about the glowworm.

CONCORD, August 17, 1857. MR. WATSON, — I am much indebted to you for your glowing communication of July 20th. I had that very day left Concord for the wilds of Maine; but when I returned, August 8th, two out of the six worms remained nearly, if not quite, as bright as at first, I was assured. In their best estate they had excited the admira- tion of many of the inhabitants of Concord. It was a singular coincidence that I should find these worms awaiting me, for my mind was full of a phosphorescence which I had seen in the woods. I have waited to learn something more about them b[e]fore acknowledging the receipt of them. I have frequently met with glow-worms in my night walks, but am not sure they were the same kind with these. Dr. Harris once de- scribed to me a larger kind than I had found, “nearly as big as your little finder;” but he does not name them in his report. The only authorities on Glow-worms which I chance to have (and I am pretty well provided), are Kirby and Spence (the fullest), Knapp (“Journal of a Naturalist”), “The Library of Entertaining Knowledge” (Rennie), a French HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

work, etc., etc.; but there is no minute, scientific description in any of these. This is apparanetly a female of the genus Lampyris; but Kirby and Spence say that there are nearly two hun- dred species of this genus alone. The one com- monly referred to by English writers is the Lampyris noctiluca; but judging from Kirby and Spence’s description, and from the descrip- tion and plate in the French work, this is not that one, for, besides other differences, both say that the light proceeds from the abdomen. Per- haps the worms exhibited by Durkee (whose statement to the Boston Society of Natural His- tory, second July meeting, in the “Traveller” of August 12, 1857, I send you) were the same with these. I do not see how they could be the L. noctiluca, as he states. I expect to go to Cambridge before long, and if I get any more light on this subject I will in- form you. The two worms are still alive. I shall be glad to receive the Drosera at any time, if you chance to come across it. I am LOUDON looking over Loudon’s “Arboretum,” which we have added to our Library, and it occurs to me that it was written expressly for you, and that you cannot avoid placing it on your own shelves. I should have been glad to see the whale, and might perhaps have done so, if I had not at that time been seeing “the elephant” (or moose) in the Maine woods. I have been associating for about a month with one Joseph Polis, the chief man of the Penobscot tribe of Indians, and have learned a great deal from him, which I should like to tell you sometime.

He reported that he was reading in John Claudius Loudon’s ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BRITANNICUM (either in the Concord town library set or in a personal set he had acquired): HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

CAPE COD: Our way to the high sand-bank, which I have described PEOPLE OF as extending all along the coast, led, as usual, through patches CAPE COD of Bayberry bushes, which straggled into the sand. This, next to the Shrub-oak, was perhaps the most common shrub thereabouts. I was much attracted by its odoriferous leaves and small gray berries which are clustered about the short twigs, just below the last year’s growth. I know of but two bushes in Concord, and they, being staminate plants, do not bear fruit. The berries gave it a venerable appearance, and they smelled quite spicy, like small confectionery. Robert Beverley, in his “History of Virginia,” BEVERLEY published in 1705, states that “at the mouth of their rivers, and all along upon the sea and bay, and near many of their creeks and swamps, grows the myrtle, bearing a berry, of which they make a hard brittle wax, of a curious green color, which by refining becomes almost transparent. Of this they make candles, which are never greasy to the touch nor melt with lying in the hottest weather; neither does the snuff of these ever offend the smell, like that of a tallow candle; but, instead of being disagreeable, if an accident puts a candle out, it yields a pleasant fragrancy to all that are in the room; insomuch that nice people often put them out on purpose to have the incense of the expiring snuff. The melting of these berries is said to have been first found out by a surgeon in New England, who performed wonderful things with a salve made of them.” From the abundance of berries still hanging on the bushes, we judged that the inhabitants did not generally collect them for tallow, though we had seen a piece in the house we had just left. I have since made some tallow myself. Holding a basket beneath the bare twigs in April, I rubbed them together between my hands and thus gathered about a quart in twenty minutes, to which were added enough to make three pints, and I might have gathered them much faster with a suitable rake and a large shallow basket. They have little prominences like those of an orange all encased in tallow, which also fills the interstices down to the stone. The oily part rose to the top, making it look like a savory black broth, which smelled much like balm or other herb tea. You let it cool, then skim off the tallow from the surface, melt this again and strain it. I got about a quarter of a pound weight from my three pints, and more yet remained within the berries. A small portion cooled in the form of small flattish hemispheres, like crystallizations, the size of a kernel of corn (nuggets I called them as I picked them out from amid the berries). Loudon says, that “cultivated trees are said to yield J.C. LOUDON more wax than those that are found wild.” (See Duplessy, Végétaux DUPLESSY Résineux, Vol. II. p. 60.) If you get any pitch on your hands in the pine-woods you have only to rub some of these berries between your hands to start it off. But the ocean was the grand fact there, which made us forget both bayberries and men. HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

CAPE COD: In the north part of the town there is no house from PEOPLE OF shore to shore for several miles, and it is as wild and solitary CAPE COD as the Western Prairies –used to be. Indeed, one who has seen every house in Truro will be surprised to hear of the number of the inhabitants, but perhaps five hundred of the men and boys of this small town were then abroad on their fishing-grounds. Only a few men stay at home to till the sand or watch for blackfish. The farmers are fishermen-farmers and understand better ploughing the sea than the land. They do not disturb their sands much, though there is a plenty of sea-weed in the creeks, to say nothing of blackfish occasionally rotting on the shore. Between the Pond and East Harbor Village there was an interesting plantation of pitch-pines, twenty or thirty acres in extent, like those which we had already seen from the stage. One who lived near said that the land was purchased by two men for a shilling or twenty-five cents an acre. Some is not considered worth writing a deed for. This soil or sand, which was partially covered with poverty and beach grass, sorrel, &c., was furrowed at intervals of about four feet and the seed dropped by a machine. The pines had come up admirably and grown the first year three or four inches, and the second six inches and more. Where the seed had been lately planted the white sand was freshly exposed in an endless furrow winding round and round the sides of the deep hollows, in a vortical spiral manner, which produced a very singular effect, as if you were looking into the reverse side of a vast banded shield. This experiment, so important to the Cape, appeared very successful, and perhaps the time will come when the greater part of this kind of land in Barnstable County will be thus covered with an artificial pine forest, as has been done in some parts of France. In that country 12,500 acres of downs had been thus covered in 1811 near Bayonne. They are called pignadas, and according to Loudon “constitute the principal riches of the inhabitants, where J.C. LOUDON there was a drifting desert before.” It seemed a nobler kind of grain to raise than corn even. HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

MR. WATSON,—I am much indebted to you for your glowing communication of July 20th. I had that very day left Concord for the wilds of Maine; but when I returned, August 8th, two out of the six worms remained nearly, if not quite, as bright as at first, I was assured. In their best estate they had excited the admiration of many of the inhabitants of Concord. It was a singular coincidence that I should find these worms awaiting me, for my mind was full of a phosphorescence which I had seen in the woods. I have waited to learn something more about them b[e]fore acknowledging the receipt of them. I have frequently met with glow-worms in my night walks, but am not sure they were the same kind with these. Dr. Harris once described to me a larger kind than I had found, “nearly as big as your little finder;” but he does not name them in his report. The only authorities on Glow-worms which I chance to have (and I am pretty well provided), are Kirby and Spence (the fullest), Knapp (“Journal of a Naturalist”), “The Library of Entertaining Knowledge” (Rennie), a French work, etc., etc.; but there is no minute, scientific description in any of these. This is apparently a female of the genus Lampyris; but Kirby and Spence say that there are nearly two hundred species of this genus alone. The one commonly referred to by English writers is the Lampyris noctiluca; but judging from Kirby and Spence’s description, and from the description and plate in the French work, this is not that one, for, besides other differences, both say that the light proceeds from the abdomen. Perhaps the worms exhibited by Durkee (whose statement to the Boston Society of Natural History, second July meeting, in the “Traveller” of August 12, 1857, I send you) were the same with these. I do not see how they could be the L. noctiluca, as he states. I expect to go to Cambridge before long, and if I get any more light on this subject I will inform you. The two worms are still alive. I shall be glad to receive the Drosera at any time, if you chance to come across it. I am looking over Loudon's “Arboretum,” which we have added to our Library, and it occurs to me that it was written expressly for you, and that you cannot avoid placing it on your own shelves. I should have been glad to see the whale, and might perhaps have done so, if I had not at that time been seeing “the elephant” (or moose) in the Maine woods. I have been associating for about a month with one Joseph Polis, the chief man of the Penobscot tribe of Indians, and have learned a great deal from him, which I should like to tell you sometime. HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

When he went “a-botanizing” (and that was often) Thoreau made careful and frequent use of:

• John Leonard Knapp’s THE JOURNAL OF A NATURALIST, issued in London in 1829 and reprinted in Philadelphia in 1831

• James Rennie’s THE FACULTIES OF BIRDS THE FACULTIES OF BIRDS • James Rennie’s INSECT ARCHITECTURE, of which he owned a copy INSECT ARCHITECTURE • James Rennie’s INSECT TRANSFORMATION, of which he owned a copy INSECT TRANSFORMATIONS • James Rennie’s INSECT MISCELLANIES, of which he owned a copy INSECT MISCELLANIES • Various editions of Professor Jacob Bigelow’s FLORULA BOSTONIENSIS. A COLLECTION OF PLANTS OF BOSTON AND ITS VICINITY, WITH THEIR GENERIC AND SPECIFIC CHARACTERS, PRINCIPAL SYNONYMS, DESCRIPTIONS, PLACES OF GROWTH, AND TIME OF FLOWERING, AND OCCASIONAL REMARKS READ BIGELOW TEXT • Loring Dudley Chapin’s THE VEGETABLE KINGDOM; OR, HANDBOOK OF PLANTS AND FRUITS

READ LORING TEXT 1 READ LORING TEXT 2 READ LORING TEXT 3 READ LORING TEXT 4 • Professor Chester Dewey and Ebenezer Emmons, MD’s REPORT ON THE HERBACEOUS FLOWERING PLANTS OF MASSACHUSETTS, ARRANGED ACCORDING TO THE NATURAL ORDERS OF LINDLEY, ILLUSTRATED CHIEFLY BY POPULAR DESCRIPTIONS OF THEIR CHARACTER, PROPERTIES, AND USES, of which he owned a copy FLOWERING PLANTS

bound with REPORT ON THE QUADRUPEDS OF MASSACHUSETTS QUADRUPEDS OF MASS. HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

• Various editions of Professor Amos Eaton’s A MANUAL OF BOTANY FOR THE NORTHERN AND MIDDLE STATES AMOS EATON’S BOTANY • George B. Emerson’s A REPORT ON THE TREES AND SHRUBS GROWING NATURALLY IN THE FORESTS OF MASSACHUSETTS. PUBLISHED AGREEABLY TO AN ORDER OF THE LEGISLATURE, BY THE COMMISSIONERS ON THE ZOOLOGICAL AND BOTANICAL SURVEY OF THE STATE EMERSON’S TREES/SHRUBS •AGRICULTURAL TRACT, NO. 1. CULTURE OF THE GRASSES. AN EXTRACT FROM THE FOURTH ANNUAL REPORT OF CHARLES L. FLINT, SECRETARY OF THE STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. PUBLISHED, UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE MASSACHUSETTS STATE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE, FOR GENERAL CIRCULATION, of which he owned a copy FLINT ON THE GRASSES • Both the 1st and the 2d editions of Professor Asa Gray’s A MANUAL OF THE BOTANY OF THE NORTHERN UNITED STATES, FROM NEW ENGLAND TO WISCONSIN AND SOUTH TO OHIO AND PENNSYLVANIA INCLUSIVE, (THE MOSSES AND LIVERWORTS BY WM. S. SULLIVANT,) ARRANGED ACCORDING TO THE NATURAL SYSTEM; WITH AN INTRODUCTION, CONTAINING A REDUCTION OF THE GENERA TO THE LINNÆAN ARTIFICIAL CLASSES AND ORDERS, OUTLINES OF THE ELEMENTS OF BOTANY, A GLOSSARY, ETC. MANUAL OF THE BOTANY • Dr. William Lauder Lindsay’s A POPULAR HISTORY OF BRITISH LICHENS, COMPRISING AN ACCOUNT OF THEIR STRUCTURE, REPRODUCTION, USES, DISTRIBUTION, AND CLASSIFICATION HIST. OF BRITISH LICHENS • Robert Lovell’s ΠAMBOTANOΛOΓIA. SIVE, ENCHIRIDION BOTANICUM, OR, A COMPLEAT HERBALL, CONTAINING THE SUMME OF ANCIENT AND MODERNE AUTHORS, BOTH GALENICAL AND CHYMICAL, TOUCHING TREES, SHRUBS, PLANTS, FRUITS, FLOWERS, &C. IN AN ALPHABETICAL ORDER; WHEREIN ALL THAT ARE NOT IN THE PHYſICK GARDEN IN OXFORD, ARE NOTED WITH AſTERISKS. SHEWING THEIR PLACE, TIME, NAMES, KINDS, TEMPERATURE, VERTUES, UſE, DOſE, DANGER AND ANTIDOTES. TOGETHER WITH AN { INTRODUCTION TO HERBARIſME, &C. { APPENDIX OF EXOTICKS. { UNIVERſAL INDEX OF PLANTS: ſHEWING WHAT GROW WILD IN ENGLAND. (Oxford: HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

Printed by W.H. for Richard Davis, 1659, 1665) LOVELL’S HERBALL

(This was usually printed with a Volume II bound in, pertaining to minerals:)

• John Edward Sowerby and Charles Johnson’s THE FERNS OF GREAT BRITAIN (London: John E. Sowerby, 3 Mead Place, Lambeth, 1855)

• Robert Mackenzie Stark’s A POPULAR HISTORY OF BRITISH MOSSES: COMPRISING A GENERAL ACCOUNT OF THEIR STRUCTURE, FRUCTIFICATION, ARRANGEMENT, AND GENERAL DISTRIBUTION (London: Lovell Reeve, Henrietta Street, Covent Garden, 1854)

• Professor of Chemistry in the West-Point Military Academy John Torrey, M.D.’s A COMPENDIUM OF THE FLORA OF THE NORTHERN AND MIDDLE STATES: CONTAINING GENERIC AND SPECIFIC DESCRIPTIONS OF ALL THE PLANTS, EXCLUSIVE OF THE CRYPTOGAMIA, HITHERTO FOUND IN THE UNITED STATES NORTH OF THE POTOMAC (New-York: Stacy B. Collins, 65 Fulton-street; J. & J. Harper, Printers, 1826) HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

• The multivolume 1838-1843 edition of Professor John Torrey’s and Professor Asa Gray’s A FLORA OF NORTH AMERICA: CONTAINING ABRIDGED DESCRIPTIONS OF ALL THE KNOWN INDIGENOUS AND NATURALIZED PLANTS GROWING NORTH OF MEXICO; ARRANGED ACCORDING TO THE NATURAL SYSTEM (New-York: Wiley and Putnam; London: Wiley and Putnam, 35 Paternoster Row; Paris: Bossange & Co. 11 Quai Voltaire)

• John Claudius Loudon’s ENCYCLOPEDIA OF PLANTS, and ARBORETUM ET FRUTICUM BRITTANICUM

CHANGE IS ETERNITY, STASIS A FIGMENT

“Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project People of Cape Cod: Dr. William Lauder Lindsay HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

1858

July: Dr. William Lauder Lindsay’s ON THE TRANSMISSION OF DISEASES BETWEEN MAN AND THE LOWER ANIMALS (two volumes originating from articles in the Edinburgh Veterinary Review and Annals of Comparative Pathology). HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

THE FUTURE CAN BE EASILY PREDICTED IN RETROSPECT

“Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project People of Cape Cod: Dr. William Lauder Lindsay HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

1859

Arthur Conan Doyle was born in Edinburgh, Scotland.

Kenneth Grahame was born in Edinburgh, Scotland.

The Royal Society of Edinburgh awarded to Dr. William Lauder Lindsay its initial Neill gold medal. BOTANIZING HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD April 26, Tuesday: Dr. William Lauder Lindsay got married with Elizabeth Reid, only daughter of William Paterson Reid, solicitor, of Demerara. (The couple would produce Marion Jane Robertson Lindsay, who would get married with Dr. Francis Haultain of Edinburgh.)

Count Cavour rejected the Austrian ultimatum of April 23d that Sardinia must disarm within three days. The Emperor Napoléon III would dispatch troops to Sardinia to aid his ally in the face of this Austrian ultimatum.

Henry Thoreau checked out, from Harvard Library, Judge Samuel Penhallow (1665-1726)’s THE HISTORY OF THE WARS OF NEW-ENGLAND, WITH THE EASTERN INDIANS, OR, A NARRATIVE OF THEIR CONTINUED PERFIDY AND CRUELTY, FROM THE 10TH OF AUGUST, 1703, TO THE PEACE RENEWED 13TH OF JULY, 1713. AND FROM THE 25TH OF JULY, 1722, TO THEIR SUBMISSION 15TH DECEMBER, 1725, WHICH WAS RATIFIED AUGUST 5TH 1726. BY SAMUEL PENHALLOW, ESQR. (Boston, 1726; Cincinnati: Re-printed from the Boston edition of 1726, with a memoir by Nathaniel Adams, and notes, and appendix, for Wm. Dodge, by J. Harpel, 1859). HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

Thoreau also checked out the two volumes of Capitaine Jean Bernard Bossu’s NOUVEAUX VOYAGES AUX INDES OCCIDENTALES; CONTENANT UNE RELATION DES DIFFÉRENS PEUPLES QUI HABITENT LES ENVIRONS DU GRAND FLEUVE SAINT-LOUIS, APPELLÉ VULGAIREMENT LE MISSISSIPI; LEUR RELIGION; LEUR GOUVERNEMENT; LEURSMOEURS [sic]; LEURS GUERRES & LEUR COMMERCE (Paris, Le Jay, 1768), Bossu’s NOUVEAUX VOYAGES DANS L’AMÉRIQUE SEPTENTRIONALE, CONTENANT UNE COLLECTION DE LETTRES ÉCRITES SUR LES LIEUX, PAR L’AUTEUR, À SON AMI, M. DOUIN, CHEVALIER, CAPITAINE DANS LES TROUPES DU ROI, CI-DEVANT SON CAMARADE DANS LE NOUVEAU MONDE, and TRAVELS THROUGH THAT PART OF NORTH AMERICA FORMERLY CALLED LOUISIANA. TR. FROM THE FRENCH, BY JOHN REINHOLD FORSTER, F.A.S. ILLUSTRATED WITH NOTES RELATIVE CHIEFLY TO NATURAL HISTORY... (London: two volumes printed for T. Davies, 1771).

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“There is no Frigate like a Book To take us Lands away” — Emily Dickinson

(Thoreau would copy from these volumes, in French and in translation, into his 12th Indian Notebook and his 2d Commonplace Book.)

When Thoreau delivered “AUTUMNAL TINTS” at the Frazier Hall in Lynn that evening, he had along with him these library books he had checked out while passing through Cambridge.

April 26. Start for Lynn. Rice says that he saw a large mud turtle in the river about three weeks ago, and has seen two or three more since. Thinks they come out about the first of April. He saw a woodchuck the 17th; says he heard a toad on the 23d. P. M.–Walked with C. M. Tracy in the rain [This is the last of the rains (spring rains!) which invariably followed an east wind. Vide back.] in the western part of Lynn, near Dungeon Rock. Crossed a stream of stones ten or more rods wide, reaching from top of Pine Hill to Salem. Saw many discolor-like willows on hills (rocky hills), but apparently passing into S. humilis; yet no eriocephala, or distinct form from discolor. Also one S. rostrata. Tracy thought his neighborhood’s a depauperated flora, being on the porphyry. Is a marked difference between HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

the vegetation of the porphyry and the sienite. Got the Cerastium arvense from T.’s garden; said to be abundant on Nahant and to have flowers big as a five- cent-piece; very like a dianthus, – the leaf. Also got the Nasturtium officinale, or common brook cress, from Lynn, and set it in Depot Field Brook. Neither of these in bloom. His variety Virginica of Cardamine grows on dry ground. HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

1861

Gold was discovered at Gabriel’s Gully in Otago, New Zealand — gold rushes commenced.

During this year and the following one Dr. William Lauder Lindsay would be on a tour of New Zealand. HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

1865

In Auckland, New Zealand, some of the streets were lit by gas for the 1st time. Maori resistance continued.

The New Zealand Exhibition awarded Dr. William Lauder Lindsay a silver medal in recognition of his botanical researches. HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

1868

James Arnold left a portion of his estate in trust and Harvard College agreed to establish the Arnold Arboretum.

Posthumously, William Henry Harvey’s THE GENERA OF SOUTH AFRICAN PLANTS was reissued in London, in an enlarged 2d edition edited by Sir J.D. Hooker. BOTANIZING

Dr. William Lauder Lindsay’s CONTRIBUTIONS TO NEW ZEALAND BOTANY. (Visits to North Germany, Norway, and Iceland would be followed in like manner by studies of the flora of those countries.)

In New Zealand, Maori resistance continued under the leadership of Te Kooti Arikirangi and Titokowaru.

Opening of the American Museum of Natural History in New-York. Let’s conserve our natural history — let’s HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

put it where it belongs, in a museum where it can be properly respected. CONSERVATIONISM HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

1870

Dr. William Lauder Lindsay’s MEMOIRS ON THE SPERMOGENES AND PYCNIDES OF LICHENS, with all drawings by the author, to which he appended a list of his 33 contributions to lichenology, contributions for the most part to Journal of Microscopical Science or Transactions of the Linnean and Royal (Edinburgh) Societies. BOTANIZING HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

1871

Besides his botanical discoveries, Dr. William Lauder Lindsay had been publishing a host of pamphlets on mental disease and other medical subjects, and on education. In this year he produced THE PHYSIOLOGY AND PATHOLOGY OF MIND IN THE LOWER ANIMALS (Oliver and Boyd). The love of a dog for his master is notorious; as an old writer quaintly says, A dog is the only thing on this earth that luvs you more than he luvs himself. HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

1878

W. Lauder Lindsay, M.D., F.R.S.E., Physician to the Institution’s GENERAL HISTORY OF THE MURRAY ROYAL INSTITUTION [FOR THE INSANE,] PERTH: FROM ITS ESTABLISHMENT IN 1827 TO THE END OF THE FIRST HALF- CENTURY OF ITS EXISTENCE IN 1877 (Perth, Australia, reprint from Excelsior: The Murray Royal Institution Literary Gazette, issue of January 1877). HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

1879

Dr. William Lauder Lindsay sought to demonstrate, in two volumes published during this year and the following year, MIND IN THE LOWER ANIMALS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE (New York: D. Appleton and Company), the similarity of the mental processes of humankind with those of other animals. MIND IN HEALTH MIND IN DISEASE

Massachusetts enacted a “Crimes Against Chastity, Morality, Decency and Good Order” law prohibiting the selling, lending, giving away, or displaying of contraceptives or abortifacients.

WHAT I’M WRITING IS TRUE BUT NEVER MIND YOU CAN ALWAYS LIE TO YOURSELF

“Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project People of Cape Cod: Dr. William Lauder Lindsay HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

1880

November 24, Wednesday: William Lauder Lindsay died in Edinburgh at his residence, 3 Hartington Gardens. SCOTLAND

“MAGISTERIAL HISTORY” IS FANTASIZING: HISTORY IS CHRONOLOGY

COPYRIGHT NOTICE: In addition to the property of others, such as extensive quotations and reproductions of images, this “read-only” computer file contains a great deal of special work product of Austin Meredith, copyright 2015. Access to these interim materials will eventually be offered for a fee in order to recoup some of the costs of preparation. My hypercontext button invention which, instead of creating a hypertext leap through hyperspace —resulting in navigation problems— allows for an utter alteration of the context within which one is experiencing a specific content already being viewed, is claimed as proprietary to Austin Meredith — and therefore freely available for use by all. Limited permission to copy such files, or any material from such files, must be obtained in advance in writing from the “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project, 833 Berkeley St., Durham NC 27705. Please contact the project at .

“It’s all now you see. Yesterday won’t be over until tomorrow and tomorrow began ten thousand years ago.” – Remark by character “Garin Stevens” in William Faulkner’s INTRUDER IN THE DUST

Prepared: March 6, 2015

“Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project People of Cape Cod: Dr. William Lauder Lindsay HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD ARRGH AUTOMATED RESEARCH REPORT

GENERATION HOTLINE

This stuff presumably looks to you as if it were generated by a human. Such is not the case. Instead, someone has requested that we pull it out of the hat of a pirate who has grown out of the shoulder of our pet parrot “Laura” (as above). What these chronological lists are: they are research reports compiled by ARRGH algorithms out of a database of modules which we term the Kouroo Contexture (this is data mining). To respond to such a request for information we merely push a button. HDT WHAT? INDEX

THE PEOPLE OF CAPE COD:DR. WILLIAM LAUDER LINDSAY PEOPLE MENTIONED IN CAPE COD

Commonly, the first output of the algorithm has obvious deficiencies and we need to go back into the modules stored in the contexture and do a minor amount of tweaking, and then we need to punch that button again and recompile the chronology — but there is nothing here that remotely resembles the ordinary “writerly” process you know and love. As the contents of this originating contexture improve, and as the programming improves, and as funding becomes available (to date no funding whatever has been needed in the creation of this facility, the entire operation being run out of pocket change) we expect a diminished need to do such tweaking and recompiling, and we fully expect to achieve a simulation of a generous and untiring robotic research librarian. Onward and upward in this brave new world.

First come first serve. There is no charge. Place requests with . Arrgh.