ADOPTION in LUCY MAUD MONTGOMERY's NOVEL ANNE of GREEN GABLES (1908): a PSYCHOANALITYC APPROACH PUBLICATION ARTICLE Submitted
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ADOPTION IN LUCY MAUD MONTGOMERY’S NOVEL ANNE OF GREEN GABLES (1908): A PSYCHOANALITYC APPROACH PUBLICATION ARTICLE Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Getting Bachelor Degree of Education in English by: R. SRI MEY W. PRAMESWARI A320 120 046 SCHOOL OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATIONN MUHAMMADIYAH UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA 2016 APPROVAL ADOPTION IN LUCY MAUD MONTGOMERY’S NOVEL ANNE OF GREEN GABLES (1908): A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH PUBLICATION ARTICLE by: R. SRI MEY W. PRAMESWARI A320 120 046 Approved to be Examined by Consultant Consultant Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed NIK. 772 i ACCEPTANCE ADOPTION IN LUCY MAUD MONTGOMERY’S NOVEL ANNE OF GREEN GABLES (1908): A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH BY: R. SRI MEY W. PRAMESWARI A320 120 046 Accepted by the Board of Examiners School of Teacher Training and Education Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta On July 2016 The Board of Examiners: 1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed ( ) NIK. 772 (Chair Person) 2. Dr. M. Thoyibi, MS. ( ) NIK. 410 (Member 1) 3. Siti Fatimah, M. Hum ( ) NIK. 850 (Member 2) Dean, Prof. Dr. Harun Joko Prayitno, M. Hum NIK.19650428199303001 ii TESTIMONY This is to certify that I write this publication article. It is not a plagiarism nor made by others. Anything related to other’s work is written in quoatation, the source of which is listed on the bibliography. If then this pronouncement proves incorrect, I am ready to accept any academic punishment. Surakarta, July 2016 R. Sri Mey W. Prameswari A 320 120 046 iii ADOPTION IN LUCY MAUD MONTGOMERY’S NOVEL ANNE OF GREEN GABLES (1908): A PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH Abstrak Masalah utama dari penelitian ini adalah adopsi. Tidak setiap anak dapat tinggal dengan orang tua biologisnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis novel ini didasarkan pada Pendekatan Psikoanalitik. Penulis mempekerjakan metode kualitatif. Penulis menggunakan dua sumber data: primer dan sekunder. Sumber data primer dari penelitian ini adaalah Anne of Green Gables novel karya Lucy Maud Montgomery. Data sekunder adalah data pendukung yang diambil dari buku-buku satra, kritik, dan beberapa artikel yang berhubungan dengan novel. Data sekunder dari penelitian ini diambil dari setiap informasi yang berkaitan dengan deskriptif kualitatif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, peneliti mendapat beberapa kesimpuulan. Studi ini menunjukkan bahwa adopsi memiliki dampak yang besar dalam kehidupan Anne Shirley. Pengadopsian Anne membawa dia untuk mencapai tujuan dalam hidupnya. Anne Shirley memiliki banyak imajinasi dalam aspek kehidupannya. Anne ingin menjadi seorang guru. Dia memiliki banyak keinginan dalam hidupnya. Dia berusaha keras untuk mendapatkan apa yang dia inginkan. Anne melakukan banyak upaya dan tidak pernah menyerah. Anne menyadari tanpa berjuan impiannya tidak akan terwujud. Kata Kunci: Anne of Green Gables, adoption, pendekatan psikoanalitik. Abstracts The major problem of this study is adoption. No every child can live with biological parents. The objective of this study is to analyze this novel based on the Psychoanalytic Approach. The writer employs qualitative method. The writer uses two data source: primary and secondary. The primary data source of this study is Anne of Green Gables novel by Lucy Maud Montgomery. Secondary data are the supporting data taken from literary books, criticism, and some articles related to the novel. The secondary data of the study are taken from any information related to the novel. The method of data collection is the research will employ the descriptive qualitative research. Based on the analysis, the 1 researcher gets some conclusions. The study shows that adoption has big impacts in Anne Shirley life. Anne’s adoption brings her to reach the goals in her life. Anne Shirley has extremely imagination in a lot of aspects of her life. Anne loves to be a teacher. She has many desires in her life. She tries hard to get what she wants. Anne does a lot of efforts and never gives up. Anne realizes without struggle her dreams will not come true. Keyword: Anne of Green Gables, adoption, psychoanalytic approach. 1. Introduction Anne of Green Gables novel was written by Lucy Maud Montgomery published in 1908. The realities and imaginations of an author which are reflected in literary work are created by the author by witnessing the fact and by undergoing the reality and social life. Every author can be deliberately conveying his or her view toward society through his work. One conflict of writes which reveals about psychological is a Canadian author Lucy Maud Montgomery in her novel entitle Anne of Green Gables. It contains of 391 pages. The researcher has two reasons why she wants to analyze this novel. The first reason, the one of the main theme in Anne of Green Gables is the theme of adoption of child especially Anne’s adoption. The second is because Anne of Green Gables is interesting story. This novel shows the life story that can give the social and moral values for the reader. The problem statement of the study will focus on the adoption in Anne of Green Gables novel. Anne’s adoption is influenced by her dreams. Based on the background of choosing the subject above, the researcher was going to focus her research on the adoption in Anne of Green Gables novel with the problem of this study as follow: “How is “adoption” reflected in Anne of Green Gables (1908)?”. The objective of the study is to analyze the adoption in Lucy Maud Montgomery’s novel Anne of Green Gables (1908) based on a psychoanalytic approach. Based on researcher’s observation, at least in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, the writer finds there is no research that has been conducted in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta to study Lucy Maud Montgomery’s Anne of Green Gables by using psychoanalytic approach. So that the researcher cannot compare this research. Adoption is a legal act which gave the position to a child other peoples the same as a legitimate child (Djaja S. Meliala, 1982: 3). Adoption can be defined as a process by 2 which children are brought together with adults who are not their biological parents to form a family (William Dudley, 1964: 10). Based on the definitions above, the researcher uses a psychoanalytic approach to study the personality of human beings in a novel, because personality has connections with psychology of human beings. A psychoanalytic approach is a theory that is proposed by Sigmund Freud. This theory is applied an explanation of a specific topic from a certain point of view. Freud in Newman (1983: 385) described three components of personality; the id, the ego, and the superego. The id is the most basic system of personality, totally unconscious, the ego is authorized by reality principle and connects with real world, and the superego as the principle of morality consists of some values and evaluated norms. 2. Research Method In analyzing Anne of Green Gables novel by Lucy Maud Montgomery (1908) the researcher uses qualitative research. The researcher categorizes her research into qualitative research because the research does not need a statistic data to analyze and explore the facts. Type of data in this research is textual data. It consists of word, phrase, and sentences. The data sources consist of two categories; they are primary data source and secondary data source. The primary data source is the novel itself. The secondary data source is about behaviorist and all relevant materials in the novel. The techniques of data collection the researcher used are reading and understanding Anne of Green Gables novel as well as the secondary data source from the other books, identifying data that can be analyzed, classifying data into some categories, determining the theory of literature which is relevant for analyzing the data, and searching the other reference that can be used to analyze data. The object of the study is to analyze adoption in Lucy Maud Montgomery’s novel Anne of Green Gables (1908) on a psychoanalytic approach. The analysis is initiated from the structural analysis of the work and finally the psychoanalytic analysis of the literary works. The steps analyzing the data are as follows: first, analyzing the data based on its structural elements. Second, analyzing the data based on the psychoanalytic analysis. 3. Research Findings and Discussion 3.1 Research Findings There are three kinds of personality in Anne of Green Gables based on Freud; id, ego, and superego. Anne Shirley as the major character faces those kinds of 3 personality and the discussion below will show id, ego, and superego that happen in Anne Shirley. (1) Id Id keeps biological needs, dream, fantasies, obsession, ambition, desire, and all the reality demands. It can be illogically or immorally when Id wants satisfaction of those feeling (Pervin, 1970: 76). Anne id occurs when Marilla ask Anne to go to Mrs. Lynde’s house and ask Mrs. Lynde to forgive her because she was mad when Mrs. Lynde come in Green Gables, but Anne said if she never do that and ask Marilla to punish her in a dark, damp dungeon inhabited by snakes and toads and feed me only on bread and water and she will not complain. –‘you must go to her and tell her you are very sorry for your bad temper and ask her to forgive you.’ ‘I can never do that,’ said Anne determinedly and darkly. ‘You can punish me in any way you like, Marilla. You can shut me up in a dark, damp dungeon inhabited by snakes and toads and feed me only on bread and water and I shall not complain. But I cannot ask Mrs. Lynde to forgive me.’ But apologize to Mrs. Lynde you must and shall and you’ll stay here in your room until you can tell me you’re willing to do it.’ ‘I shall have to stay here forever then,’ said Anne mournfully, ‘because I can’t tell Mrs.