DOCSLIB.ORG

May 2020 440 the JOURNAL of SOUTHERN HISTORY Elimination

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
May 2020 440 the JOURNAL of SOUTHERN HISTORY Elimination Book Reviews Native Southerners: Indigenous History from Origins to Removal. By Gregory D. Smithers. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2019. Pp. x, 259. Paper, $29.95, ISBN 978-0-8061-6228-7.) Gregory D. Smithers attempts to do what most historians would consider impossible: write the history of a vast region, home to numerous and diverse Native communities; cover a broad sweep of time, from Indigenous origins to the 1830s; incorporate Native voices and perspectives, not as relics of the past, but as living stories that give the region a deeper meaning; and do so in less than two hundred pages of text. One would have to go back to at least the publication of J. Leitch Wright’s The Only Land They Knew: The Tragic Story of the American Indians in the Old South (New York, 1981) to find a similar un- dertaking, but Wright focuses mostly on the period before the American Revolution. One would really have to go back to R. S. Cotterill’s The Southern Indians: The Story of the Civilized Tribes before Removal (Norman, Okla., 1954). But these books cannot compare with what Smithers has managed to accomplish. Smithers skillfully utilizes an immense library of books and articles that have been produced over the past few decades. Archaeologists, historians, and anthropologists, often with a spirit of mutual interest and collaboration, have investigated a seemingly exponential number of new questions and topics. Scholars now know more about the nature of the chiefdom societies that dominated the South before Europeans arrived: we appreciate how they had history before that arrival; how they crafted stories and practices to sustain themselves in a changing environment; and how they went through cycles of growing, devolving, and rebuilding. Historians now understand more fully the shattering impact that the arrival of Europeans had as slave raids and epidemics remade the social landscape. We understand the various conflicts between Natives and newcomers as more complex than simple explanations revolving around cultural clashes. Smithers teachers his readers all of the above while moving them steadily and quickly ahead in time. Scholars view Native polities of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries as complicated and diverse, from petite nations of a few hundred people to larger coalescent societies built on regional clusters, moi- eties, towns, and clans. We know the Native Southeast was composed not only of the Cherokees, Creeks, Choctaws, Chickasaws, and Seminoles but also of Catawbas, Yuchis, Occaneechis, Lumbees, Saponis, Natchez, Houmas, Caddos, and others. All of these were actors in creating new worlds of exchange and diplomacy that characterized the region. Historians now more fully ap- preciate that, no matter how entangled European empires and Native polities became, the Southeast was Native ground in which the claims of Britain, France, or Spain remained contested and stunted. We also appreciate how devastating the American Revolution was and how extensively the logic of settler colonialism pervaded the early American republic. Settler colonial- ism democratized white populations but marked Indigenous peoples for The Journal of Southern History, Volume LXXXVI, No. 2, May 2020 440 THE JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN HISTORY elimination. But historians also know that diasporic Indigenous peoples rebuilt their lives in Indian Territory, while Native communities remained in southern states and continue to this day to fight for recognition and sovereignty. The history of the Native South, as Smithers demonstrates, did not end with the Trail of Tears. One hopes the story that Smithers sketches sounds familiar to historians of the South. If it does not, such historians should pick up a copy of Native Southerners: Indigenous History from Origins to Removal, read it, and revise their lectures ac- cordingly. Even if this narrative sounds familiar, southern historians now have a go-to survey, which is accessible to nonspecialists, students, and a general reading audience. Stony Brook University Paul Kelton The Secret Token: Myth, Obsession, and the Search for the Lost Colony of Roanoke. By Andrew Lawler. (New York: Doubleday, 2018. Pp. xx, 426. $29.95, ISBN 978-0-385-54201-2.) The secret token mentioned in the title to Andrew Lawler’s new book is the three letters, CRO, that governor of the Roanoke colony and artist John White found carved into a post upon his return to Roanoke Island in 1590 after an absence of three years. Despite having a strong hunch as to the location of the 117 English settlers he left behind, White never found the so- called Lost Colonists. Lawler is the most recent of a number of writers who have continued the search. Where did the colonists go? What happened to them, and why? And what does our continued fascination with this story say about us? Lawler has done his homework. In the book’s opening section, he tells the story of English efforts to establish an outpost on North American shores. Though there is nothing in this account that will surprise those familiar with the history of Roanoke, Lawler is a gifted writer, and he provides a familiar story well told. The Secret Token: Myth, Obsession, and the Search for the Lost Colony of Roanoke moves along briskly. It is an easy and accessible read. Lawler began this project at a time when a number of new discoveries offered tantalizing but incomplete clues as to the Lost Colonists’ fate. In the second section of the book, Lawler explores the scholarly efforts to locate the outposts planted by the English in 1585 and 1587. He discusses the work of archaeologists Jean “Pinky” Harrington and Ivor No¨elHume. Lawler’s in- terviews with historians and others investigating Roanoke are the book’s most interesting contributions, providing valuable insights into how historians and archaeologists frame questions, conduct research, and, in some cases, allow their desires and prejudices to cause them to see things that are not there. In the book’s final section, Lawler assesses several explanations for the colonists’ fate. Following in the footsteps of David La Vere, he discusses the history of the infamous Dare Stones found scattered throughout the South from North Carolina to Georgia in the 1930s. He searches for the elusive Sim~ao Fernandes and looks at the history of the Lumbees and the Roanoke-Hatteras Native American community. He discusses the patch on John White’s 1587 map, under which a fort symbol was found, and the recent archaeological work by the First Colony Foundation at Site X, near the head of Albemarle Sound, The Journal of Southern History, Volume LXXXVI, No. 2, May 2020 BOOK REVIEWS 441 where the fort symbol indicated. Throughout, Lawler examines myths about Roanoke so powerful that they “cast spells that cannot be broken by facts” (p. 7). His conclusions are reasonable but predictable: the first Dare Stone may be authentic; the Site X investigation is promising; and the colonists, if they survived, likely assimilated into Native American communities. Lawler often becomes so enamored with the colorful characters in the Roanoke drama that he overlooks important matters of context. Those English colonists settled on Native ground, and it was Indians, more than anyone else, who determined the colony’s fate. Lawler sometimes seems to lose track of the forest for several of his story’s very interesting trees. But beyond these criticisms, Lawler has done a workmanlike job, for the most part, in synthesizing the work of many scholars into a highly readable narrative. From their hard-earned wisdom and experience, he cobbles together a story geared toward the interested public. There is nothing in this book that will surprise readers of this journal who are familiar with early English colonization efforts, but Lawler stands on the shoulders of the giants in this small field. If he fails to see as far as he might, he draws together the scholarship of the past and the continuing investigations of the present into an appealing synthesis nonetheless. SUNY-Geneseo Michael Leroy Oberg 1619: Jamestown and the Forging of American Democracy. By James Horn. (New York: Basic Books, 2018. Pp. xii, 273. $28.00, ISBN 978-0-465- 06469-4.) In American Slavery, American Freedom: The Ordeal of Colonial Virginia (New York, 1975), that seminal study of life in early Virginia, Edmund S. Morgan argues that bondage and freedom were connected in such a way that one could not exist without the other. Almost from their very beginning, the two emerged knotted and disfigured, like conjoined twins of a peculiar sort, as tobacco came to define the economic destiny of the English colony. Since its publication, Morgan’sworkhas inspired others to write about the strange pairing. In 1619: Jamestown and the Forging of American Democracy, James Horn revisits the subject, establishing the year 1619 as an important date in the birth of a nation. A close reading of a plethora of seventeenth-century sources, 1619 is a tragic yet gripping story. That year marked the advent of democracy in British North America. To promote colonization, Virginia Company investors, led by Sir Edwin Sandys, adopted “the idea of a commercial commonwealth” (p.44).This“shift from a society based on Company control of the land to a society founded on individual ownership was momentous,” Horn writes, “and necessarily required wholesale changes to the way the colony was governed” (p. 44). With the introduction of tobacco in 1614, the once fledging enterprise began to flourish as the English developed a taste for the “‘nicotian weed’” (p. 51). In its acknowledgment of individual property rights, equality under the law, and representative governance, Virginia’s commonwealth predated the Great Charter, anticipated the emergence of the gentry class—“‘ancient planters’” who exploited headright to enlarge their own landholdings—and encouraged thousands of poor white people to brave the high seas in search of what seemed to be a promised land (p.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Empathy, Mood and the Artistic Milieu of New Orleans’ Storyville and French Quarter As Manifest by the Photographs and Lives of E.J
    UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE Seeing and Then Seeing Again: Empathy, Mood and the Artistic Milieu of New Orleans’ Storyville and French Quarter as Manifest by the Photographs and Lives of E.J. Bellocq and George Valentine Dureau A Thesis submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Art History by Timothy J. Lithgow December 2019 Thesis Committee: Dr. Johannes Endres, Co-Chairperson Dr. Elizabeth W. Kotz, Co-Chairperson Dr. Keith M. Harris Copyright by Timothy J. Lithgow 2019 The Thesis of Timothy J. Lithgow is approved: Committee Co-Chairperson Committee Co-Chairperson University of California, Riverside Acknowledgements: Thank you to Keith Harris for discussing George Dureau on the first day of class, and for all his help since then. Thank you to Liz Kotz for conveying her clear love of Art History, contemporary arts and artists. Although not on my committee, thank you to Jeanette Kohl, for her thoughtful and nuanced help whenever asked. And last, but certainly not least, a heartfelt thank you to Johannes Endres who remained calm when people talked out loud during the quiz, who had me be his TA over and over, and who went above and beyond in his role here. iv Dedication: For Anita, Aubrey, Fiona, George, Larry, Lillian, Myrna, Noël and Paul. v Table of Contents Excerpt from Pentimento by Lillian Hellman ......................................................... 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................. 2 Chapter 1: Biographical Information for Dureau and Bellocq .......................... 18 Table 1 ...................................................................................................... 32 Excerpt from One Arm by Tennessee Williams.................................................... 34 Chapter 2: Colonial Foundations of Libertine Tolerance in New Orleans, LA ..
    [Show full text]
  • North Carolina Considers the Constitution
    Notre Dame Law School NDLScholarship Journal Articles Publications 1987 Law and the Experience of Politics in Late Eighteenth-Century North Carolina: North Carolina Considers the Constitution Walter F. Pratt Notre Dame Law School, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/law_faculty_scholarship Part of the Constitutional Law Commons, Law and Politics Commons, Legal History Commons, and the State and Local Government Law Commons Recommended Citation Walter F. Pratt, Law and the Experience of Politics in Late Eighteenth-Century North Carolina: North Carolina Considers the Constitution, 22 Wake Forest L. Rev. 577 (1987). Available at: https://scholarship.law.nd.edu/law_faculty_scholarship/378 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Publications at NDLScholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal Articles by an authorized administrator of NDLScholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LAW AND THE EXPERIENCE OF POLITICS IN LATE EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY NORTH CAROLINA: NORTH CAROLINA CONSIDERS THE CONSTITUTION Walter F. Pratt,Jr.* In mid-summer 1788, nearly three hundred delegates assembled in Hillsborough to consider whether North Carolina would ratify the Consti- tution drafted the previous year in Philadelphia.1 When the convention began the delegates were certain of two facts: First, regardless of their decision, a government would soon be established; ten states had already ratified the Constitution, one more than necessary.2 Second, the oppo- nents of the Constitution knew they had a substantial majority in the * Associate Professor of Law, University of Notre Dame. I am indebted to the editors of the Documentary History of the Constitutional Convention at the University of Wiscon- sin, Madison, for so graciously allowing me access to their files.
    [Show full text]
  • Did You Know? North Carolina
    Did You Know? North Carolina Discover the history, geography, and government of North Carolina. The Land and Its People The state is divided into three distinct topographical regions: the Coastal Plain, the Piedmont Plateau, and the Appalachian Mountains. The Coastal Plain affords opportunities for farming, fishing, recreation, and manufacturing. The leading crops of this area are bright-leaf tobacco, peanuts, soybeans, and sweet potatoes. Large forested areas, mostly pine, support pulp manufacturing and other forest-related industries. Commercial and sport fishing are done extensively on the coast, and thousands of tourists visit the state’s many beaches. The mainland coast is protected by a slender chain of islands known as the Outer Banks. The Appalachian Mountains—including Mount Mitchell, the highest peak in eastern America (6,684 feet)—add to the variety that is apparent in the state’s topography. More than 200 mountains rise 5,000 feet or more. In this area, widely acclaimed for its beauty, tourism is an outstanding business. The valleys and some of the hillsides serve as small farms and apple orchards; and here and there are business enterprises, ranging from small craft shops to large paper and textile manufacturing plants. The Piedmont Plateau, though dotted with many small rolling farms, is primarily a manufacturing area in which the chief industries are furniture, tobacco, and textiles. Here are located North Carolina’s five largest cities. In the southeastern section of the Piedmont—known as the Sandhills, where peaches grow in abundance—is a winter resort area known also for its nationally famous golf courses and stables.
    [Show full text]
  • US History- Sweeney
    ©Java Stitch Creations, 2015 Part 1: The Roanoke Colony-Background Information What is now known as the lost Roanoke Colony, was actually the third English attempt at colonizing the eastern shores of the United States. Following through with his family's thirst for exploration, Queen Elizabeth I of England granted Sir Walter Raleigh a royal charter in 1584. This charter gave him seven years to establish a settlement, and allowed him the power to explore, colonize and rnle, in return for one-fifth of all the gold and silver mined in the new lands. Raleigh immediately hired navigators Philip Amadas and Arthur Barlowe to head an expedition to the intended destination of the Chesapeake Bay area. This area was sought due to it being far from the Spanish-dominated Florida colonies, and it had milder weather than the more northern regions. In July of that year, they landed on Roanoke Island. They explored the area, made contact with Native Americans, and then sailed back to England to prove their findings to Sir Walter Raleigh. Also sailing from Roanoke were two members oflocal tribes of Native Americans, Manteo (son of a Croatoan) and Wanchese (a Roanoke). Amadas' and Barlowe's positive report, and Native American assistance, earned the blessing of Sir Walter Raleigh to establish a colony. In 1585, a second expedition of seven ships of colonists and supplies, were sent to Roanoke. The settlement was somewhat successful, however, they had poor relations with the local Native Americans and repeatedly experienced food shortages. Only a year after arriving, most of the colonists left.
    [Show full text]
  • The Five Royal Governors of North Carolina, 1729-1775 / by Blackwell
    fig?- Z\ftV% Morth .Carolina Stafe Library (L * Raleigh The Five Royal Governors of North Carolina 17294775 By Blackwell P. Robinson, Ph. D. Professor of History Woman's College of the University of North Carolina A Publication of The Carolina Charter Tercentenary Commission Box 1881, Raleigh, North Carolina 1963 The Five Royal Governors of North Carolina 1729-1775 Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2014 https://archive.org/details/fiveroyalgoverno1963robi The Five Royal Governors of North Carolina 17294775 By Blackwell P. Robinson, Ph. D. Professor of History Woman's College of the University of North Carolina A Publication of The Carolina Charter Tercentenary Commission Box 1881, Raleigh, North Carolina 1963 THE CAROLINA CHARTER TERCENTENARY COMMISSION Hon. Francis E. Winslow, Chairman Henry Belk Mrs. Kauno A. Lehto Mrs. Doris Betts James G. W. MacLamroc Dr. Chalmers G. Davidson Mrs. Harry McMullan Mrs. Everett L. Durham Dr. Paul Murray William C. Fields Dan M. Paul William Carrington Gretter, Jr. Dr. Robert H. Spiro, Jr. Grayson Harding David Stick Mrs. James M. Harper, Jr. J. P. Strother Mrs. Ernest L. Ives Mrs. J. O. Tally, Jr. Dr. Henry W. Jordan Rt. Rev. Thomas H. Wright Ex-Officio Dr. Charles F. Carroll, Robert L. Stallings, Superintendent of Director, Department of Public Instruction Conservation and Development Dr. Christopher Crittenden Director, Department of Archives and History, Secretary The Carolina Charter Tercentenary Commission was established by the North Carolina General Assembly to "make plans and develop a program for celebration of the tercentenary of the granting of the ." Carolina Charter of 1663 . As part of this program the Com- mission arranged for the publication of a number of historical pamphlets for use in stimulating interest in the study of North Carolina history during the period 1663-1763.
    [Show full text]
  • Luis De Unzaga and Bourbon Reform in Spanish Louisiana, 1770--1776
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 2000 Luis De Unzaga and Bourbon Reform in Spanish Louisiana, 1770--1776. Julia Carpenter Frederick Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Frederick, Julia Carpenter, "Luis De Unzaga and Bourbon Reform in Spanish Louisiana, 1770--1776." (2000). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 7355. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/7355 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy subm itted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps.
    [Show full text]
  • Texash-Eritage a Publication of the Texas Historical Foundation Iest
    The Legacy of HOtt§ton's 'YCites Family TEXASH-ERITAGE A PUBLICATION OF THE TEXAS HISTORICAL FOUNDATION IEST. 1954 I$5 ISSUE IVolume 3 2011 Respected Academics, Past and Present Women Historians' Newspaper Columnists and Bloggers TEXASHERITAGE A PUBLICATION OF THE TEXAS HISTORICAL FOUNDATION IEST. 1954 I$5 ISSUE IVolume 3 2011 FEATURE STORY I 8 The Face of Texas History On the cover: A photo montage of As he gets ready to leave his post as The State Texas historians Historian of Texas, Dr. Light Cummins reflects on the two years that he spent traveling the state and meeting its citizens. By Pamela Murtha OTHER ARTICLES DEPARTMENTS 14 Rupert Richardson: No Armchair Historian 6 President's Message Acknowledging that the pursuit of truth was The Family Historian often hard work, author, historian, and preserva­ tionist Dr. Rupert Richardson was an active par­ 20 Living History ticipant in the study of Texas history-and Texas history journalists and bloggers openly shared the knowledge that he gained. By Olivia J. Olmstead 22 Looking at Books The most important Texas history books 28 Vintage HERITAGE This section features articles from past issues of 26 Texas Familes the magazine. Houston's Yates Family Legacy 32 Texas Women Historians 35 Teaching Texas History Since 1836, the year of Texas independence, The Junior Historians of Texas women have been documenting the events, details, and personalities of the state's past. 36 This Old Gun By Nancy Baker Jones The Big Guns: Cannons By Tom Power LISTINGS 7 Contributors 38 Texas Historical Museums EDITORIAL STAFF CONTRIBUTORS Editor, Gene Krane Armstrong County Museum, Mrs.
    [Show full text]
  • Maquetación 1
    09. Historia de America 32 8/1/07 10:33 Página 179 View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Portal de Revistas Científicas Complutenses The Gálvez Family and Spanish Participation In the Independence of the United States of America Light Townsend CUMMINS Austin College. Sherman, Texas, USA Department of History [email protected] Recibido: 3 febrero de 2006 Aceptado: 6 julio de 2006 ABSTRACT This article examines the role that the Gálvez family played in setting and implementing the policy by which Spain implemented her participation the American Revolution. The members of the Gálvez family played an important role at every stage of Spain’s involvement in the conflict. This essay analy- zes the activities of José de Gálvez as Minister of the Indies, his brother Matías de Gálvez as comman- der in Central America, and Matías’s son, Bernardo de Gálvez, as governor of Louisiana. Their activi- ties also resulted in the beginnings of diplomatic relations between Spain and the United States when José de Gálvez sent Juan de Miralles and Franciso de Rendon to Philadelphia as observers at the Continental Congress. The work of the Gálvez family created a situation that materially assisted the United States and the activities of the family were an important reason why the Revolution resulted in the defeat of Great Britain. Keywords: Gálvez, American Revolution, Louisiana, Miralles, Rendon, Mississippi Valley, Gulf Coast. La Familia de Gálvez y la participación de España ante la independencia de los Estados Unidos de América RESUMEN Este artículo examina el papel que la familia de Gálvez jugó en cada etapa de la participación y aplica- ción de la política de España en el proceso de la Revolución Americana.
    [Show full text]
  • Representations of Texas Indians in Texas Myth and Memory: 1869-1936
    REPRESENTATIONS OF TEXAS INDIANS IN TEXAS MYTH AND MEMORY: 1869-1936 A Dissertation by TYLER L. THOMPSON Submitted to the Office of Graduate and Professional Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Chair of Committee, Angela Hudson Committee Members, Walter Buenger Carlos Blanton Cynthia Bouton Joseph Jewell Head of Department, David Vaught August 2019 Major Subject: History Copyright 2019 Tyler Leroy Thompson ABSTRACT My dissertation illuminates three important issues central to the field of Texas Indian history. First, it examines how Anglo Texans used the memories of a Texas frontier with “savage” Indians to reinforce a collective identity. Second, it highlights several instances that reflected attempts by Anglo Texans to solidify their place as rightful owners of the physical land as well as the history of the region. Third, this dissertation traces the change over time regarding these myths and memories in Texas. This is an important area of research for several reasons. Texas Indian historiography often ends in the 1870s, neglecting how Texas Indians abounded in popular literature, memorials, and historical representations in the years after their physical removal. I explain how Anglo Texans used the rhetoric of race and gender to “other” indigenous people, while also claiming them as central to Texas history and memory. Throughout this dissertation, I utilize primary sources such as state almanacs, monument dedication speeches, newspaper accounts, performative acts, interviews, and congressional hearings. By investigating these primary sources, my goal is to examine how Anglo Texans used these representations in the process of dispossession, collective remembrance, and justification of conquest, 1869-1936.
    [Show full text]
  • The Louisiana Cooperative Extension Service: a Descriptive History of Its Origin and Development
    Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1987 The Louisiana Cooperative Extension Service: a Descriptive History of Its Origin and Development. (Volumes I and II). Edwin Clark Forrest Jr Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Forrest, Edwin Clark Jr, "The Louisiana Cooperative Extension Service: a Descriptive History of Its Origin and Development. (Volumes I and II)." (1987). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 4354. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/4354 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS While the most advanced technology has been used to photograph and reproduce this manuscript, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. For example: • Manuscript pages may have indistinct print. In such cases, the best available copy has been filmed. • Manuscripts may not always be complete. In such cases, a note will indicate that it is not possible to obtain missing pages. • Copyrighted material may have been removed from the manuscript. In such cases, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, and charts) are photographed by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand corner and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. Each oversize page is also filmed as one exposure and is available, for an additional charge, as a standard 35mm slide or as a 17”x 23” black and white photographic print.
    [Show full text]
  • A Problematic Mississippian Pipe from the William Vaux Collection
    Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology ISSN: 0146-1109 (Print) 2327-4271 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/ymca20 A Problematic Mississippian Pipe from the William Vaux Collection Richard Veit & Matthew Lobiondo To cite this article: Richard Veit & Matthew Lobiondo (2018): A Problematic Mississippian Pipe from the William Vaux Collection, Midcontinental Journal of Archaeology, DOI: 10.1080/01461109.2017.1419916 To link to this article: https://doi.org/10.1080/01461109.2017.1419916 Published online: 29 Jan 2018. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 2 View related articles View Crossmark data Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=ymca20 MIDCONTINENTAL JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGY, 2018 https://doi.org/10.1080/01461109.2017.1419916 A Problematic Mississippian Pipe from the William Vaux Collection Richard Veit and Matthew Lobiondo Department of History and Anthropology, Monmouth University, West Long Branch, NJ 07764, USA ABSTRACT KEYWORDS William Samson Vaux, Esq., was an enthusiastic nineteenth- Mississippian tobacco pipe; century collector of minerals, artifacts, and coins. Passionately chunkey; authenticity; interested in the sciences, particularly archaeology and William Vaux geology, he amassed an unparalleled collection of Native Geographical Locator American artifacts that he later donated to the Philadelphia Cumberland Gap; Virginia Academy of Natural Sciences. Today these finds are housed by Bryn Mawr College. Included in the collection is a noteworthy Mississippian effigy pipe. Carved from stone, the pipe depicts a Birdman encircled by rattlesnakes and holding a chunkey stone. This article examines the pipe in its cultural, historical, and religious contexts. It also explores the larger question of the pipe’s authenticity.
    [Show full text]
  • North Carolina Halifax
    fL)rm Hl-:;.QO UNITED ST,6,TES DEPARTMnn 0:= THE INTERIOR STATE: (\~ ,~v. 6-72) NATIONAL PARK SERVICE North Carolina COUNTY, N Halifax FOR NPS USE ONLY ENTRY DATE (Type all entries complete applicable sections) QWNERSHIP (Cl18Ck One) . [Xl Bui lding Public Public Acquisition: o Structure Private o In Process o Object Both o Being Considered No One or More liS Appropriate) Cl Government 0 Park o Transportation o Comment:> 0 Indllstrial Privata Res idence o Other (Specify) 0 MilirMY Religious o o Good D Fair o Deteriorpted o Ruin:; o Unexposed (Check One) (Check One) t:Kl Altered Moved Origina I Si Ie O:::SCRIBE THE PREsENT AND ORIGINAL The ~"illiam R .. Davie House, set in a shaded lot on a side street near the edge of Halifa.x, is a rather large frame side -hall-plan house tTj\JO stori s high beneath a gable roof~ While'most of the original house is intact., SO[(l­ exterior and interior alterations have been made, and it is difficult to determine ~vhen they occurred; comparison ~'Ti th a pre-19l8 photogrc1ph indicate s some of the exterior alterations The dwelling is covered lArith molded 1;Jeatherboards and rests on a brick foundation On the southwest side of the main block is a tiJ'To-story ~1ing) raised from an earlier one-story lilTing; to the rear are a nrmlber of ons- story addi tions (rhe 'front (southeast) facade of the Yn3.in block is three bays wide, with a double door beneath a fonI',-light transom occupying the southljlT8 st bay" The windows in the remaining bays have molds d fralne 8 and sills and contain nine'-over-nine sash;
    [Show full text]