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Range Design and Construction Guidelines

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Range Design and Construction Guidelines Range Design and Construction Guidelines Table of Contents Table of Contents LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................... VII LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................................... VIII ABOUT THIS DOCUMENT ......................................................................................................... XI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................................................... XII 1 OUTDOOR RANGE CONSTRUCTION (GENERAL) .......................................................... 13 1.1 OUTDOOR RANGE TYPES ......................................................................................... 13 1.2 RANGE SAFETY AREAS ............................................................................................. 14 1.2.1 Safety Area Definition ............................................................................................ 14 1.2.2 Overshoot and Ricochet Projectiles ...................................................................... 14 1.2.3 Safety Area Design Criteria ................................................................................... 14 1.2.4 Baffled Range Safety Area Exemption .................................................................. 15 1.2.5 Human Activity Inside a Range Safety Area ......................................................... 16 1.2.6 Site Size ................................................................................................................ 17 1.2.7 Ownership / Control of the Range and Safety Area .............................................. 17 1.2.8 Effect of Hills, Topography and High Backstops on Range Safety Areas ............. 17 1.2.9 Effect of Trees in the Range Safety Areas ............................................................ 19 1.3 SAFETY AREA TEMPLATES AND SAFETY AREA TRACES..................................... 20 1.3.1 Environmental Conditions ..................................................................................... 20 1.3.2 Applying Safety Area Templates ........................................................................... 20 1.4 RICOCHET AIR DANGER HEIGHTS........................................................................... 21 1.5 RANGE AND SAFETY AREA SIGNS .......................................................................... 22 1.6 PERIMETER IDENTIFICATION ................................................................................... 25 1.6.1 Land ...................................................................................................................... 25 1.6.2 Water ..................................................................................................................... 25 1.7 WARNING FLAGS AND BEACONS ............................................................................ 25 1.7.1 Flag System .......................................................................................................... 25 1.7.2 Beacon System ..................................................................................................... 27 1.8 WIND FLAGS ............................................................................................................... 28 1.9 BACKSPLASH .............................................................................................................. 28 2 STANDARD OUTDOOR RIFLE RANGES .......................................................................... 29 2.1 BACKSTOP DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION ............................................................. 29 2.1.1 Backstop Height .................................................................................................... 30 2.1.2 Backstop Crest Length .......................................................................................... 31 Range Design and Construction Guidelines i Table of Contents 2.1.3 Backstop Crest Thickness ..................................................................................... 32 2.1.4 Backstop Surface Slope ........................................................................................ 32 2.1.5 Backstop Construction .......................................................................................... 33 2.1.6 Bullet Catchers ...................................................................................................... 33 2.1.7 Distance between Target Line and Base of the Backstop ..................................... 34 2.2 FIRING POINTS / FIRING LINES / FIRING LANE MARKING ..................................... 34 2.2.1 Firing Line Distances ............................................................................................. 35 2.2.2 Firing Line Marking ................................................................................................ 35 2.2.3 Firing Points and Target Numbers ........................................................................ 35 2.2.4 Firing Point Spacing .............................................................................................. 35 2.2.5 Firing Line Height (Elevation) ................................................................................ 36 2.2.6 Firing Line Length .................................................................................................. 36 2.2.7 Firing Line Depth ................................................................................................... 36 2.2.8 Firing Line Alignment with the Backstop ............................................................... 37 2.2.9 Firing Line Surface ................................................................................................ 37 2.2.10 Covered Firing Line ............................................................................................... 37 2.3 RANGE FLOOR ........................................................................................................... 37 2.4 FIRING AREAS AND TARGET AREAS ....................................................................... 37 2.5 BERMS ......................................................................................................................... 38 2.5.1 Earthen Berms ...................................................................................................... 38 2.5.2 Man-Made Material Berms .................................................................................... 39 2.6 SAFETY AREA TEMPLATES ...................................................................................... 40 2.7 TARGETS AND TARGET HOLDERS .......................................................................... 40 3 STANDARD OUTDOOR HANDGUN RANGES .................................................................. 42 3.1 BACKSTOP DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION ............................................................. 43 3.1.1 Backstop Height .................................................................................................... 43 3.1.2 Backstop Crest Length .......................................................................................... 43 3.1.3 Backstop Crest Thickness ..................................................................................... 43 3.2 FIRING POINTS / FIRING LINES / FIRING LANE MARKING ..................................... 43 3.3 RANGE FLOOR ........................................................................................................... 44 3.4 FIRING AREAS AND TARGET AREAS ....................................................................... 44 3.5 BERMS ......................................................................................................................... 44 3.6 SAFETY AREA TEMPLATES ...................................................................................... 44 3.7 TARGETS AND TARGET HOLDERS .......................................................................... 44 4 NO SAFETY AREA RANGES ............................................................................................. 45 Range Design and Construction Guidelines ii Table of Contents 4.1 TOPOGRAPHIC FEATURE CHARACTERISTICS ...................................................... 46 4.2 BACKSTOP DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION ............................................................. 49 4.2.1 Backstop Height .................................................................................................... 49 4.2.2 Backstop Crest Length .......................................................................................... 49 4.2.3 Backstop Crest Thickness ..................................................................................... 49 4.2.4 Bullet Catchers ...................................................................................................... 49 4.3 FIRING POINTS / FIRING LINES / FIRING LANE MARKING ..................................... 49 4.3.1 Firing Line Height (Elevation) ................................................................................ 49 4.4 FIRING AREAS AND TARGET AREAS ....................................................................... 49 4.5 FIRING ARCS .............................................................................................................. 49 4.6 RANGE FLOOR ........................................................................................................... 50 4.7 BERMS ........................................................................................................................
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