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PASIDP-II Baseline Survey Report-Aug- 2019

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MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE (MoA) Final Baseline Survey Report Participatory Small-Scale Irrigation Development Programme II (PASSIDP II) RFP NO: RFP-PASIDPII /01/2017 August 2019 Addis Ababa Final Report Table of Contents I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .............................................................. I II. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................ 1 2.1 BACKGROUND .............................................................................. 1 2.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE PROGRAM ......................................................... 3 2.2.1 Target Areas ....................................................................... 3 2.2.2 Target Groups .................................................................... 3 2.2.3 Development Objective and Components ............................... 4 2.3 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ............................................................ 4 2.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY ........................................................... 4 2.5 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY ................................................................ 5 2.5.1 General .............................................................................. 5 2.5.2 Specific objectives ............................................................... 5 III. METHODOLOGY AND APPROACH OF THE STUDY .................... 12 3.1 APPROACH ............................................................................... 12 3.2 METHODS OF DATA COLLECTION .................................................... 12 3.2.1 Document Review ............................................................. 12 3.2.2 Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) ......................................... 12 3.2.3 Focus Group Discussions .................................................... 13 3.3 MAJOR CHALLENGES OF THE SURVEY ................................................. 20 IV. SURVEY FINDINGS ................................................................. 21 4.1 CHARACTERISTICS OF HOUSEHOLDS .................................................. 21 4.2 BASIC DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS ............................................ 23 4.2.1 Total Population of Respondents and HH Heads by Gender ..... 23 4.2.2 Age Distribution of Respondents’ HH Members by Region and Gender ..................................................................................... 24 4.2.3 Marital Status ................................................................... 26 4.2.4 Educational Status of Respondents ...................................... 27 4.2.5 Occupation and Religion of Respondents .............................. 28 4.3 HOUSING CONDITIONS AND ASSET OWNERSHIP .................................. 30 4.3.1 Housing Conditions ............................................................ 30 4.3.2 Access of Household Heads to Clean Water........................... 32 ITAB CONSULT PLC Page i Final Report 4.3.3 Access and Type of Latrine Use by Households...................... 32 4.3 4 Sources of Energy of Households ........................................ 33 4.4 ASSET OWNERSHIP ..................................................................... 34 4.4.1 Land Holding and Use of Households ................................... 34 4.4.2 Availability of Communal Land ............................................ 35 4.4.4 Ownership of Productive Assets .......................................... 36 4.4.5 Number of Productive Assets Owned by Type and Region ....... 37 4.4.6 Estimated Value of Productive Assets Owned by Type and Region ..................................................................................... 38 4.4.7 Ownership of HH Durable Assets ......................................... 38 4.5 LIVESTOCK OWNERSHIP ........................................................... 40 4.5.1 Percent of Respondents Owning Livestock ............................ 40 4.5.2 Livestock Sold in the last Year ............................................ 41 4.6 CROP PRODUCTION ..................................................................... 44 4.6.1 Area and Production Under Rain-fed .................................... 44 4.6.2 Productivity of Major Crops Produced under Rain-fed ............. 47 4.6.3 Crop Prices ..................................................................... 49 4.6.4 Agricultural Inputs Use ...................................................... 49 4.6.5 Crop Production under Traditional Method of Irrigation .......... 52 4.6.6 Production per Household under Traditional Irrigation ............ 53 4.6.7 Crop Yields under Traditional Irrigation ................................ 53 4.6.8 Total Value of Crops Produced under Traditional Irrigation ...... 54 4.6.9 Total Value of Crop Production under Different Water Supply .. 55 4.7 GENDER ROLE IN CROP PRODUCTION ACTIVITIES .................................. 56 4.8 DISTANCE TRAVELLED TO THE NEAREST MARKET ................................. 58 4.9 ACCESS TO SMALL-SCALE IRRIGATION SERVICES ................................... 58 4.10 MEMBERSHIP IN WATER USERS ASSOCIATIONS ................................... 60 4.11 RELATIONSHIP WITH FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS ................................... 60 4.12 FARMERS’ ACCESS TO ROAD AND COOPERATIVE MARKETING SERVICES ....... 62 4.13 ACCESS TO INFORMATION ............................................................ 64 4.14 SOURCES OF INCOME ................................................................. 66 14.15 POVERTY STATUS OF RESPONDENT HOUSEHOLDS ............................... 67 ITAB CONSULT PLC Page ii Final Report 4.16 HOUSEHOLD FOOD EXPENDITURES AND CONSUMPTIONS......................... 68 4.17 ESTIMATED VALUE OF CONSUMED FOOD ........................................... 77 4.18 HOUSEHOLD NON-FOOD EXPENDITURE ............................................. 79 2.19 NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF CHILDREN ................................................ 81 4.20 SHOCKS AND RESILIENCE ............................................................ 83 4.20.1 Shock Events .................................................................. 83 4.20.2 Trends in the Impact of Shock Events among Regional States ............................................................................................... 90 4.20.3 Extent of Recovery from Shock ......................................... 94 4.21 FOOD INSECURITY COPING STRATEGIES ........................................... 99 4.21.1 Coping Strategies Used against Food Insecurity .................. 99 4.21.2 Average Number of Days Strategy Used ........................... 100 4.22 ECO SYSTEM HEALTH AND IMPROVED WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ............................................................................................... 101 4.22.1 Tigray Region................................................................ 101 4.22.2 Amhara Region ............................................................. 105 4.22.3 Oromia Region .............................................................. 108 4.22.4 SNNPR ......................................................................... 114 V. IDENTIFIED BASELINE INDICATORS FOR LOGFRAME .................. 117 5.1 PROGRAMME GOAL .................................................................... 117 5.2 DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE ........................................................... 118 VI. CONCLUDING REMARKS ......................................................... 121 ANNEX-1 .................................................................................... 125 ANNEX-2 .................................................................................... 128 ANNEX-3 .................................................................................... 131 ANNEX-4 .................................................................................... 131 ANNEX-5 .................................................................................... 133 ANNEX-6 .................................................................................... 138 ITAB CONSULT PLC Page iii Final Report List of Tables Table 1: Planned Activities and Inputs, Expected outputs, Outcomes and Impacts ......... 8 Table 2: Summary of FGD by Region ................................................................ 13 Table 3: Sample Size Allocation by Region.............................................................. 14 Table 4: Sample size allocation by Scheme – Tigray ................................................ 15 Table 5: Sample size allocation by Scheme – Amhara .............................................. 16 Table 6: Sample size allocation by Scheme – Oromia ............................................... 17 Table 7: Sample Size Allocation by Scheme – SNNPR ............................................... 18 Table 8: Distribution of Household Heads by Gender ................................................ 21 Table 9: Number of Respondents by Gender and Region, 2017/18 ............................ 22 Table 10: Respondents by Agro-ecological Zone, 2017/18 ........................................ 22 Table 11: Respondents by Type of Expected Benefits from the Program, 2017/18 .... 23 Table 12: Total Family Members of Respondent HHs by Gender and Region, 2017/18 .. 23 Table 13: Number and Percentage of HH Heads by Gender and Region, 2017/18 ........ 24 Table 14: Distribution of Household Heads by Age and Gender.................................. 24 Table 15: Age Distribution of Population of Respondent Households by Region and Gender, 2017/18................................................................................................
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