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Research in High Energy Physics ,*•'••' Annual Technical Progress Report and FY 1997 Budget Request for DOE Grant DE-FG03-94ER40833 to The U.S. Department of Energy San Francisco Operations Office from The University of Hawaii Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 Title of Project: RESEARCH IN HIGH ENERGY PHYSICS December 1, 1993 to November 30, 1998 (FY94-FY98) Principal Investigators Stephen L. Olsen Xerxes Tata Experimental Physics Theoretical Physics G<: fun DOCUMENT IS UMJTO ASTER Contents 1 Introduction 2 1.1 Overview 2 1.1.1 Background 3 1.1.2 Recent Accomplishments 4 1.1.3 Personnel Changes 5 2 Accelerator-Based Experiments 6 2.1 The BELLE Experiment 6 2.1.1 Physics Motivation 6 2.1.2 The BELLE Detector 7 2.1.3 Hawaii Participation in BELLE 10 2.1.4 BELLE Equipment Budget 18 2.1.5 Detector Integration 19 2.1.6 Budget 19 2.1.7 Publications 19 2.2 The BES Experiment 21 2.2.1 V' Physics 21 2.2.2 Xc Physics 31 2.2.3 Charm Physics: measurement of fz>a and fn 34 2.2.4 CODEMAN 35 2.2.5 The BES upgrade 35 2.2.6 Recent BES publications: 38 2.3 The CLEO-II Experiment 41 2.3.1 Studies of inclusive B Meson decays 41 2.3.2 Search for the process b —• s gluon 42 2.3.3 Exclusive hadronic B decays 45 ii DISCLAIMER Portions of this document may be illegible in electronic image products. Images are produced from the best available original document 2.3.4 Determination of CKM matrix elements 47 2.3.5 Bs - Bs Mixing 47 2.3.6 Doubly Cabibbo-suppressed D° meson decay and D° — D° mixing 48 2.3.7 CLEO II particle ID 49 2.3.8 Reviews of B Physics 51 2.4 The DO Experiment 53 2.4.1 Top Mass Fitting 53 2.4.2 Hawaii analyses to extract the top mass 56 2.4.3 Another pseudolikelihood fit 58 2.4.4 Optimal cuts 59 2.4.5 HT analysis 62 2.4.6 Personnel 64 2.4.7 Other Activities 64 2.4.8 Future Plans 64 2.4.9 Publications 64 2.5 The AMY Experiment . 68 2.5.1 Search for the SUSY scalar electron 68 2.5.2 Charm production in photon photon collisions 69 2.5.3 The bb forward-backward asymmetry 70 2.5.4 Conclusion 72 2.6 Monolithic Pixel Development 74 2.6.1 The E781 detectors 75 2.6.2 3D-A new architecture for solid state detectors 78 2.6.3 Testing of the radiation hardness of the existing circuitry . 82 iii 3 Non-Accelerator Experiments 85 3.1 SuperKamiokande/KEK, Neutrino Oscillations Experiment .... 85 3.1.1 Overview of SuperKamiokande 85 3.1.2 Hawaii Role in SK 92 3.1.3 Personnel and Budget 95 3.2 The DUMAND Project 96 3.2.1 Search for UHE Cascades in DUMAND SPS data 96 3.2.2 DUMAND Closeout 98 3.3 Non-Accelerator Publications 103 4 Theoretical Physics 105 4.1 Overview 105 4.2 Research in Neutrino Physics 107 4.3 Research in Collider Physics 113 4.4 Heavy Quarkonium Physics 120 4.5 Topics in Heavy Quark Physics and CP Violation 125 4.6 Sonoluminescence in Neutron Stars 129 4.7 Publications 131 4.7.1 Journal Publications 131 4.7.2 Conference Publications 133 4.7.3 Other Publications 134 5 Relation to Other Projects 135 5.1 Other Activities 135 5.2 Visitors 137 iv 6 Conference on B Physics and CP Violation 139 6.1 Introduction 139 6.1.1 Program of the last B Physics and CP Violation Conference 140 6.1.2 Preliminary Conference Program 142 6.1.3 Conference Organization 143 6.1.4 Location and Meeting Dates 146 6.1.5 Announcements and Invitations 146 6.2 Funding 146 6.2.1 Overall B Physics and CP Violation Workshop Budget ... 147 7 Computing Facility 150 7.1 HEPG Computer/Network System and Video Conferencing .... 150 7.1.1 Computing 150 7.1.2 Networking 151 7.1.3 Video conferencing 151 7.1.4 Future Upgrades 153 8 Budget Request 155 8.1 EA-I The BELLE Experiment 156 8.2 EA-II The BES Experiment 158 8.3 EA-III The CLEO-II Experiment 160 8.4 EA-IV Pixel Detector Development 162 8.5 EN-I The Kamioka Neutrino Observatory 164 8.6 EN-IIDUMAND 166 8.7 EG Experimental Facilities 168 8.8 Theory 170 8.9 Administration . 172 8.10 Conference on B Physics and CP Violation 173 8.11 Budget Summary 174 8.12 University Support 175 v A Curriculum Vita of the Principal Investigators 176 A.I Stephen L. Olsen 176 A.2 Xerxes Tata 180 P Budget Explanations & Forms 183 B.I Budget Explanation 183 B.2 Budget Page (DOE Form F4620) 186 C Salary Details (Confidential) 187 C.I Details of Salaries Listed in Proposal 187 VI Proposal for Research in High Energy Physics Abstract The high energy physics research program at the University of Hawaii is directed toward the study of the properties of the elementary particles and the application of the results of these studies to the understanding of the physical world. Experiments using high energy accelerators are aimed at searching for new particles, testing current theories, and measuring properties of the known particles. Experiments using cosmic rays address particle physics and astrophysical issues. Theoretical physics research evaluates experimental results in the context of existing theories and projects the experimental consequences of proposed new theories. Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Overview The primary purpose the research being supported by this Grant is the under- standing of the properties of the elementary constituents of matter and the nature of the fundamental forces between them. The currently accepted theory for these processes, the so-called Standard Model, has been so successful that it can be applied with some confidence to fundamental cosmological questions such as the origin of the universe, and has been used to develop a detailed picture for what went on in the earliest moments of the big bang. This has led to considerable overlap in the research interests of particle and astrophysicists. The experimental component of our group has a strong involvement in particle- astrophysics. Members of our group identified neutrinos from the SN1987a su- pernova in the 1MB underground water Cerenkov counter. They pioneered the field of high energy neutrino astrophysics with the DUMAND proposal effort to construct a large volume Cerenkov detector on the deep ocean floor. Although the DUMAND project itself has been discontinued, there are a number of detectors inspired by the DUMAND idea in operation or in the planning stages. The theo- retical research program addresses the relation of neutrino properties to results of various neutrino experiments, including observations of solar neutrinos. Accelerator-based research, using the DO detector at Fermilab, the AMY detector at KEK in Japan, the CLEO detector at Cornell, and the BES detector at IHEP in Beijing, China, searches for new particles, tests aspects of the Standard Model, and measures various particle properties. Theoretical research in particle spectroscopy and experimental consequences of Supersymmetry complement this experimental work. The high energy communities in Japan and China are expanding high energy physics facilities that closely match our group's scientific interests. This, together with Hawaii's proximity to Asia, makes experiments in these countries a natural future direction for our group. We are collaborating on the Super-Kamiokande experiment in Japan and the BES experiment at IHEP in Beijing. The long-range plan for our accelerator-based research program is to concentrate 1.1. OVERVIEW on the study of CP violation at the asymmetric B—factory being constructed at KEK in Japan, named KEK-B. An elucidation of the CP violation is essential for completing our understanding of the evolution of the Universe. Our group is play- ing a leading role in the BELLE experiment at the KEKB facility. This matches well interests of the theoretical group, which has done some of the pioneering work in the area of Standard Model CP-violations that will be tested at a B-factory, and has always had close collaborations with theory groups in Japan. 1.1.1 Background Experimental particle physics at the University of Hawaii started in the 1960's with experiments using the Bevatron at LBL. Subsequently, the Hawaii group played a central role in the construction of the external muon identifier (EMI) for the 15-foot bubble chamber and participated in a number of the neutrino experiments that were the main focus of the early experimental program at Fermilab. This experience with neutrinos led to the DUMAND proposal. As the neutrino program at Fermilab reached its conclusion, M. Peters, M. Jones and R. Cence joined the DO experiment, which was then preparing to run at the Fermilab collider. The Hawaii DO involvement has been concentrated on the measurement of the t—quark mass and studies of b—quark decays. Decay channels involving muons are a particular interest of our group. S. Parker initiated and led the development of the silicon strip detector for the Mark-II experiment at the SLC, the first application of this technology in a collid- ing beam environment. The successful Mark-II device has served as the paradigm for vertex devices in numerous other experiments, including those at LEP, CDF, CLEO, and ARGUS. This effort has evolved into the development of a unique monolithic silicon pixel device that appears to have widespread applicability.
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