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Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation (Eepco)

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Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation (Eepco) FEDERAL DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF ETHIOPIA ETHIOPIAN ELECTRIC POWER CORPORATION (EEPCO) ENVIRONMETNAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT ASSESSEMENT (ESIA) FOR METU –GAMBELLA 230KV TRANSMISSION LINE PROJECT FINAL REPORT Prepared by Corporate Planning Process Power system planning Office Environmental and Social experts September, 2010 Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation Meu ‐ Gambela EEPCo 230kV Power Transmission Project Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY I. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 1 II. OBJECTIVES .......................................................................................................................................... 1 III. THE ESIA TEAM .................................................................................................................................... 2 IV. METHODOLOGY ................................................................................................................................... 4 V. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................................... 5 VI. PROJECT JUSTIFICATION ....................................................................................................................... 7 VII. POLICY, LEGAL, INSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE REQUIREMENTS .......................................... 7 VII.1. NATIONAL POLICIES AND STRATEGIES ............................................................................................................ 7 VII.2. ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY OF ETHIOPIA (EPE) .................................................................................................. 9 VII.3. SECTORAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLICIES ............................................................................................................ 9 VII.4. CONSERVATION STRATEGY OF ETHIOPIA (CSE) ................................................................................................ 9 VII.5. ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION ................................................................................................................... 10 VII.5.1. Environmental Impact assessment proclamation (NO. 299/2002) ........................................... 10 VII.5.2. Proclamation on Institutional Arrangement for Environmental Protection .......................... 11 VII.5.3. Proclamation on Environmental Pollution Control .................................................................... 12 VII.5.4. Legal Framework for Expropriation and Compensation ........................................................... 12 VII.5.4.1. Land Tenure. ........................................................................................................................................ 12 VII.5.4.2. Expropriation ....................................................................................................................................... 12 VII.5.4.3. Compensation ...................................................................................................................................... 13 VII.5.4.4. EEPCo’s Strategy for Expropriation and Compensation ....................................................................... 14 VII.6. MULTI‐LATERAL AGREEMENTS ................................................................................................................... 14 VII.7. INTERNATIONAL BANKS’ REQUIREMENTS ...................................................................................................... 14 VII.7.1. The African Development Bank ................................................................................................. 15 VII.8. INSTITUTIONAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORKS ...................................................................................... 17 IX.2.1. Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia .................................................................................. 17 IX.2.2. Regional Governments .............................................................................................................. 17 IX.2.3. Ministry of Mines and Energy (MoME) ..................................................................................... 18 IX.2.4. Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) ................................................................................ 18 IX.2.5. Environmental Protection, Land Administration and Use Authority ......................................... 18 IX.2.6. Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation ....................................................................................... 18 VII.8.6.1. Power system planning of EEPCo ......................................................................................................... 19 VII.9. RELEVANT GUIDELINE ............................................................................................................................... 21 VIII. ANALYSIS OF ALTERNATIVES ........................................................................................................... 21 IX. ANALYSIS OF THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT ......................................................................................... 22 IX.1. SOCIO‐ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT. ............................................................................................................. 22 IX.1.1. POPULATION AND DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS. ................................................................................ 22 IX.1.2. ETHNIC COMPOSITION ......................................................................................................................... 23 IX.1.3. SETTLEMENT PATTERN, HOUSING AND HOUSEHOLD ECONOMY ..................................................................... 23 IX.1.4. SOCIAL SERVICES ................................................................................................................................ 23 IX.2. PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT .......................................................................................................................... 24 IX.2.1. Topography ............................................................................................................................... 24 IX.2.2. Climate ...................................................................................................................................... 24 FINAL METU-G.doc - i - 21 September 2010 Ethiopian Electric Power Corporation Meu ‐ Gambela EEPCo 230kV Power Transmission Project IX.2.3. Geology and Soils ...................................................................................................................... 24 IX.2.4. Drainage lines ........................................................................................................................... 24 IX.2.5. Land use .................................................................................................................................... 25 IX.3. BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ....................................................................................................................... 25 IX.3.1. Flora .......................................................................................................................................... 25 IX.3.2. Fauna ........................................................................................................................................ 26 X. SITE VISIT REPORT ............................................................................................................................... 26 X.1. PUBLIC CONSULTATION AND DISCLOSURE ......................................................................................... 27 X.2. CONTACT OFFICES .................................................................................................................................... 28 X.2.1. Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Authority /EWCA/ ....................................................................... 28 X.2.2. Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development /MoARD/, Natural Resource Management ........ 29 X.2.3. IX. 4. Institute of Biodiversity Conservation and Research ............................................................. 30 X.2.4. IX. 5. Oromiya Forest and Wildlife Enterprise /OFWE/ .................................................................. 31 X.2.5. IX. 6. Environment and Coffee Forest Forum /ECFF/ ...................................................................... 31 X.2.6. Ethiopian Wildlife and Natural History Society /EWNHS/ .............................................................. 33 X.3. DISCLOSURE ........................................................................................................................................... 34 X.4. SYNTHESIS OF RESOURCES VALUE ................................................................................................................ 34 XI. ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIO‐ECONOMIC IMPACTS ............................................................................ 35 XI.1. SOCIO‐ECONOMIC IMPACTS ....................................................................................................................... 35 XI.1.1. Impacts on Residential Areas and Community Services ............................................................ 35 XI.1.2. Impacts on Crop Production ...................................................................................................... 37 XI.1.3. Impacts on Cultural, Historical and Archaeological Sites
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