DOCSLIB.ORG

Hydrogeology of Staten Island, New York

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Hydrogeology of Staten Island, New York Hydrogeology of Staten Island, New York A Final Report Presented by Stephanie Rosenberg to The Graduate School in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Geosciences with concentration in Hydrogeology Stony Brook University 2013 Abstract Staten Island, NY, is a borough of New York City for which there is limited hydrogeologic data available. Like the other four New York City boroughs, it is connected to the New York City public water supply from upstate New York. It is the most sparsely populated borough of New York City, and there have been no public supply wells pumping water out of Staten Island since the mid-20th century. Previous studies of the hydrogeology were the results of increased interest due to droughts during the 20th century. Borehole data from previous studies was used for this study in addition to data from wells drilled by the U.S. Geological Survey in 2004-06. Geophysical gamma log data was recorded at the more recent well drillings. Forty-eight borehole logs and gamma logs were analyzed to draw 8 hydrogeological cross sections on Staten Island. The bedrock beneath Staten Island consists mainly of 4 units: (1) the Staten Island Serpentinite, (2) Manhattan Schist, (3) Newark Super Group, and (4) Palisades Diabase. The Staten Island Serpentinite is a greenish-brown ultramafic crystalline rock found in the north and northeast parts of the Island – where the bedrock is at the highest elevation. The Manhattan Schist is a gray crystalline highly metamorphosed rock complex that consists mainly of gneissic rock in the southern part of Staten Island. The Newark Super Group consists of reddish brown sandstones and shales in the western parts of the Island. The Palisades Diabase is an igneous intrusion found within the Newark Super Group on Staten Island in the northwestern-most part of the Island. The bedrock underlays Upper Cretaceous deposits in the south, and Upper Pleistocene deposits in the north. The Upper Cretaceous deposits are made up of two units, a lower sand unit (which does not have a widely accepted title, but is here referred to as the Lower Sand Aquifer), and the upper confining Raritan Clay. The Lower Sand Aquifer is similar to the Lloyd Aquifer on Long Island, and its New Jersey equivalent, the Farrington Sand Member. It is located in the southernmost and southeastern parts of Staten Island. The Raritan Clay extends further north than the Lower Sand Aquifer. It overlies the Lower Sand Aquifer where present, and elsewhere overlies bedrock directly. The Upper Pleistocene Deposits, referred to as the Upper Glacial Aquifer overlies the Raritan Clay in the south, and the bedrock in the north. It is made up of 3 units: (1) outwash, (2) terminal moraine deposits, and (3) ground moraine deposits. The outwash forms the flat plains on Staten Island. They are made mostly of sand and gravel, and have the greatest horizontal groundwater flow on Staten Island. The terminal and ground moraines make up the hilly terrain, and consist mostly clayey till with a low permeability. Hydraulic head elevations were measured at 25 monitoring wells during three synoptic surveys in 2012 and 2013. Six of these wells have digital recorders installed, and have been recording water levels since between 2005 and 2006. Water level elevations manually measured in July, 2012, and were used to make a water table map, because the highest water levels were measured during this synoptic survey. Staten Island’s water table consists of two mounds: a large one in the north, and a smaller one to the south. The water table feeds surface water hydrologic features such as streams and lakes, and flows outward to the surrounding water bodies. Of the six wells with digital recorders installed, the water elevations measured by wells R-116 and R-134 were compared to precipitation data from Central Park, collected by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The resulting two hydrographs show the Upper Glacial Aquifer’s response to the recharge season. There is no pumping or tidal influence on the groundwater elevations. Except for the possibility of leaky sewer pipes, the seasons are the only factor to affect the water elevations. The two wells have peak measurements typically occurring in the spring, and are observed to show responses to periods of high precipitation within days. Acknowledgments I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my advisor Professor Gilbert N. Hanson. Without his invaluable guidance, encouragement, and suggestions the completion of this report would not have been possible. I am also much obliged to all the help given by Frederick Stumm of the U.S. Geologic Survey by mentoring me throughout this process. He walked me through the process of drawing accurate hydrogeologic cross sections, showed me the technique for drawing water table contours, and helped me to put this final report together. I am extremely appreciative of Michael Como of the U.S. Geological Survey including me in his Staten Island ground- water monitoring synoptics and for showing me new methods of digital analysis. I would like to recognize Ronald Busciolano for his suggestions and for providing me with additional data and resources. Thank you to the entire basic data staff of the U.S. Geological Survey New York Water Science Center at Coram for your all of your assistance in finding and collecting data. Lastly, but certainly not least, I would like to give special thanks my parents and family, and to boyfriend and best friend, Steven Ribuffo, for all of your unyielding support. Table of Contents Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………1 Previous Investigations…………………………………………………………………1 Physical Setting………………………………………………………………………….2 Methods…………………………………………………………………………………………..4 Study Locations………………………………………………………………………….4 Drawing the Topography……………………………………………………………….7 Borehole Data……………………………………………………………………………7 Borehole Geophysical Logs……………………………………………………………7 Drawing Cross Sections………………………………………………………………..9 Water Level Measurements……………………………………………………………9 Results………………………………………………………………………………………….17 Hydrogeologic Units Staten Island Serpentinite.…………………………………………...18 Manhattan Schist………………………………………………………18 Newark Super Group………………………………………………….19 Palisades Diabase……………………………………………………..19 Cretaceous Deposits…………………………………………………………..20 Lower Sand Aquifer……………………………………………………20 Raritan Clay…………………………………………………………….22 Upper Pleistocene Deposits………………………………………………….22 Outwash Deposits……………………………………………………..23 Terminal Moraine Deposits…………………………………………...24 Ground Moraine Deposits…………………………………………….24 Water Elevation Levels……………………………………………………………….25 Water Table Elevations……………...………………………………………..25 Hydrograph Analysis…………………………………………………………..28 Discussion………………………………………………………………………………………28 Future Studies………………………………………………………………………….30 List of Figures and Tables Figure 1: Map of Staten Island’s geography.....………………………………………….....3 Figure 2: Map of Staten Island’s surface geology…………………………………………..5 Figure 3: Map of Staten Island’s bedrock…………...……………………………………….6 Figure 4: Map of the hydrogeologic cross sections and study well locations………...….8 Figure 5: Cross section A – A’ ……………………………………………………………...10 Figure 6: Cross section B – B’……………………………………………………………....11 Figure 7: Cross section C – C’ ……………………………………………………...………12 Figure 8: Cross section D – D’ …………………………………………………………...…13 Figure 9a: Cross section E – E’ ………………………………………………………….....14 Figure 9b: Cross section F – F’ ……………………………………………………………..14 Figure 10: Cross section G – G’……………………………………………………………..15 Figure 11: Cross section H – H’ ………………………………………………………….....16 Figure 12: Map of the Raritan Clay and Lower Sand Aquifer boundaries..……….....…21 Figure 13: Water table elevations map …………………………………………...………..26 Figure 14: Hydrographs………………………………………………………………………27 Table 1: Horizontal and vertical conductivities of hydrogeologic units…………………..29 Introduction Staten Island (Richmond County) is one of five boroughs of New York City. It is the most sparsely populated of the boroughs, with an estimated population of 468,730 persons in 2010; approximately 5.7% of New York City’s population (New York City Department of City Planning, 2011). Before 1917, the public water supply for Staten Island was mostly pumped from privately owned wells (Perlmutter and Arnow, 1953; Soren, 1988). Between 1917 and 1970, Staten Island was gradually connected to New York City’s public water supply from the reservoirs in the Croton, Catskill, and Delaware watersheds. Due to Staten Island’s minor extraction of groundwater there is limited public hydrogeological data available. To complete comprehensive hydrogeologic studies and projects in the future, such as implementing New York City’s new Green Infrastructure Plan, accessible data of Staten Island’s geologic and hydrogeologic setting is required (New York City Department of Environmental Protection, 2012). Perlmutter and Arnow (1953) used 43 wells to provide data necessary for their Staten Island cross sections, and Soren (1988) used many of the same. In 2004-06 the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) drilled 19 wells (Richard Cartwright, U.S. Geological Survey, written communication, 2006), providing an extended spatial coverage of new data. Gamma logs were collected for 13 out of these 19 wells. These were used to delineate the depths and extents of the hydrogeological units beneath Staten Island. Eight new hydrogeologic cross-sections were drawn. This paper is a comprehensive study on the hydrogeologic framework and water table hydrology
Load more

Recommended publications
  • GOWANUS GENERATING STATION GOWANUS REPOWERING PROJECT PRELIMINARY SCOPING STATEMENT Astoria Generating Company, L.P. Brooklyn, K
    ASTORIA GENERATING COMPANY, L.P. May 2019 GOWANUS GENERATING STATION GOWANUS REPOWERING PROJECT PRELIMINARY SCOPING STATEMENT Astoria Generating Company, L.P. Brooklyn, Kings County, New York New York State Siting Board on Electric Generation Siting and the Environment Case Number – 18-F-0758 Preliminary Scoping Statement Case No. 18-F-0758 Prepared By: Astoria Generating Company, L.P. Gowanus Generating Station 420 2nd Avenue P.O. Box 658 Brooklyn, New York 11232 Tel: 1-833-617-9547 Email: [email protected] Submitted to: New York State Department of Public Service Empire State Plaza Agency Building 3 Albany, NY 12223 and New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Region 2 4740 21st Street Long Island City, NY 11101 Preliminary Scoping Statement Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations .............................................................................................................. vii 1. Introduction ......................................................................................................................... 1‐1 1.1 Organization of the PSS ................................................................................................... 1‐1 2. Project Description ............................................................................................................... 2‐1 2.1 Description of the Applicant & Applicant Information .................................................... 2‐1 2.1.1 Website ..............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Upstate New York Restaurant Owner's Manual, 2Nd Edition
    Upstate New York Restaurant Owner’s Manual An Introduction to Hospitality Industry Labor Laws 2nd Edition,1 April 2019 Cover photographs by Pete Meyers. Left to right, Ashley Cake and Dave Thomas of The Watershed, Adil Gruihi of Casablance Pizzeria, Tammie Olishefski of Ten Forward Cafe, Subworkers, Pam Gueldner and Kathleen Pasetty of Fork & Gavel and Manndible Restaurants [DISCLAIMER] This booklet is distributed with the understanding that neither the Tompkins County Workers’ Center nor the authors of the booklet are rendering legal advice on the subjects discussed here. If you require legal advice, you should seek the services of a competent professional. All regulations are current as of March 2019. ROBERTA REARDON Commissioner As New Yorkers, we are privileged to live in a state brimming with culture. We celebrate our diversity and differences, and restaurants are an example of how we express our love for our culture and share it with others. Through the experience of dining together, we strengthen our bond as a community. Restaurants add vibrant flavor to the places we live, and are often the catalyst that encourages visitors and locals alike to explore and patronize our downtowns. The New York State Department of Labor and the Tompkins County Workers Center deeply value the significant contribution restaurants make to the economic vitality of the region, and consider restaurants esteemed cornerstones of the business community. For generations, families, friends, neighbors and colleagues have gathered at their favorite local restaurants to share meals. These establishments are home to memories made, milestones celebrated and conversations had. They are keepers of countless smiles, laughs and unforgettable moments.
    [Show full text]
  • Managing the Retreat from Rising Seas
    Managing the Retreat from Rising Seas Staten Island, New York: Oakwood Beach Buyout Committee and Program Matthew D. Viggiano, formerly New York City Cover Photo Credits: Authors Mayor’s Office of Housing Recovery Operations, (top row, left to right): This report was written by Katie Spidalieri, Senior New York; Andrew Meyer, San Diego Audubon, Watershed Protection Department, City of Austin, Associate, and Isabelle Smith, Research Assistant, California; Tim Trautman, Charlotte-Mecklenburg Texas; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Georgetown Climate Center at Georgetown Uni- Storm Water Services, North Carolina; Pam Service; U.S. Fish and versity Law Center; and Jessica Grannis, Coastal Kearfott, City of Austin Watershed Protection Wildlife Service; Integration Resilience Director at National Audubon Society. Department, Texas; James Wade, Harris County and Application Network, University of Maryland The Louisiana Strategic Adaptations for Future Flood Control District, Texas; Fawn McGee, New Center for Environmental Environments (LA SAFE) case study was written by Jersey Department of Environmental Protection; Science. Jennifer Li, Staff Attorney, and Alex Love, student, Frances Ianacone, New Jersey Department of (center row, left to right): Harrison Institute for Public Law at Georgetown Environmental Protection; Thomas Snow, Jr., State of Louisiana Office of University Law Center. Editorial and writing support New York State Department of Environmental Community Development; Integration and Application were provided by Vicki Arroyo, Executive Director, Conservation; Dave Tobias, New York City Network, University of and Lisa Anne Hamilton, Adaptation Program Direc- Department of Environmental Protection, Maryland Center for tor, Georgetown Climate Center. New York; Stacy Curry, Office of Emergency Environmental Science; Will Parson, Chesapeake Management, Woodbridge Township, New Bay Program, U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • Indigenous People of Western New York
    FACT SHEET / FEBRUARY 2018 Indigenous People of Western New York Kristin Szczepaniec Territorial Acknowledgement In keeping with regional protocol, I would like to start by acknowledging the traditional territory of the Haudenosaunee and by honoring the sovereignty of the Six Nations–the Mohawk, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, Seneca and Tuscarora–and their land where we are situated and where the majority of this work took place. In this acknowledgement, we hope to demonstrate respect for the treaties that were made on these territories and remorse for the harms and mistakes of the far and recent past; and we pledge to work toward partnership with a spirit of reconciliation and collaboration. Introduction This fact sheet summarizes some of the available history of Indigenous people of North America date their history on the land as “since Indigenous people in what is time immemorial”; some archeologists say that a 12,000 year-old history on now known as Western New this continent is a close estimate.1 Today, the U.S. federal government York and provides information recognizes over 567 American Indian and Alaskan Native tribes and villages on the contemporary state of with 6.7 million people who identify as American Indian or Alaskan, alone Haudenosaunee communities. or combined.2 Intended to shed light on an often overlooked history, it The land that is now known as New York State has a rich history of First includes demographic, Nations people, many of whom continue to influence and play key roles in economic, and health data on shaping the region. This fact sheet offers information about Native people in Indigenous people in Western Western New York from the far and recent past through 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • New York Ground-Water Quality
    NEW YORK GROUND-WATER QUALITY By RJ. Rogers, U.S. Geological Survey and Staff of Division of Water, New York State Department of Environmental Conservation U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 87-0742 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR DONALD PAUL MODEL, Secretary U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Dallas L. Peck, Director For additional information: For sale by: Chief Hydrologist U.S. Geological Survey U.S. Geological Survey Books and Open-File Reports Section 407 National Center Federal Center Reston, VA 22092 Box 25425 Denver, Colorado 80225 Use of trade names in this report is for descriptive purposes only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey FOREWORD This report contains summary information on ground-water quality in one of the 50 States, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, or the Trust Territories of the Pacific Islands, Saipan, Guam, and American Samoa. The material is extracted from the manuscript of the 1986 National Water Summary, and with the exception of the illustrations, which will be reproduced in multi-color in the 1986 National Water Summary, the format and content of this report is identical to the State ground-water-quality descriptions to be published in the 1986 National Water Summary. Release of this information before formal publication in the 1986 National Water Summary permits the earliest access by the public. Contents Ground-Water Quality .................................................. 1 Water-Quality in Principal Aquifers ...................................... 1 Background Water Quality ......................................... 1 Effects of Land Use on Water Quality ................................ 2 Solvents and Degreasers ...................................... 2 Gasoline and Petroleum Products .............................. 2 Pesticides .................................................... 3 Nitrate ...................................................... 3 Chloride ..................................................... 3 Other Organic Chemicals and Toxic Metals .....................
    [Show full text]
  • The Finger Lakes Jewels of Central and Western New York
    Fall 2017, Vol. 47, No. 3 ClearWatersNew York Water Environment Association, Inc. The Finger Lakes Jewels of Central and Western New York Also Inside: NYC Watershed Science and Technical Conference Highlights Eliminate this More time for this MONSTER GRINDERS PROTECT YOUR PUMP SO YOU CAN WORK WITHOUT WORRY. Our new line of Muffin Monster® grinders precondition tough debris so your pumps can do what they do best – pump, without clogging. No other solution comes close to eliminating the safety risks, costly downtime and maintenance hassles that wipes cause at the pump station. SEWAGE HAS CHANGED. YOUR COLLECTION SYSTEM SHOULD, TOO. Authorized distributor (800) 986-1994 LEARNwww.JagerInc.com MORE AT JWCE.COM PO Box 50, Boonton, NJ 07005 2 Clear Waters Fall 2017 Jager - LessMore - full-pg-4c.indd 1 12/1/2015 7:40:39 AM ClearWaFallte 2017, Vol.rs 47, No. 3 NYWEA Board of Directors New York Water Environment Association, Inc. Officers President . Paul J . McGarvey, Buffalo President’s Message . 4 President–Elect . Geoffrey Baldwin, New York City Paul McGarvey Vice President . Robert Wither, Albany Vice President–Elect . William J . Nylic III, Woodbury Executive Director’s Message . 5 Treasurer . Thomas J . Lauro, New Rochelle Patricia Cerro-Reehil Assistant Treasurer . Anthony DellaValle, New Rochelle Immediate Past President . Joseph L . Fiegl, Buffalo Highlights of NYC Watershed Science and Technical Conference . 6–7 WEF House of Delegates . John Fortin, New York City Water Views . 9 Chapter Representatives James Tierney Capital . Will Stradling, Troy Central . Brian Skidmore, Syracuse Focus on Safety . 9 Genesee . William Davis, Rochester Eileen Reynolds Long Island . George Desmarais, Melville Lower Hudson .
    [Show full text]
  • Small‐City Dualism in the Metro Hinterland: the Racialized
    Small-City Dualism in the Metro Hinterland: The Racialized “Brooklynization” of New York’s Hudson Valley Leonard Nevarez* Vassar College Joshua Simons SUNY New Paltz How does the metropolis influence population change and amenity development in small cities of the adjacent hinterland? We examine one scenario in five cities of New York state’s Hudson Valley, a region north of metropolitan New York City that reveals dual trajectories of urban change. In some cities, immigrant revitaliza- tion brings population growth, revitalizes main street economies, and extends cities’ majority-minority legacies. In other cities, amenity development attracts metropoli- tan newcomers, triggers residential and retail gentrification, sustains majority-white demographics, and fails to offset out-migration associated with rustbelt decline. These dual trajectories are connected through a metropolitan process of “Brook- lynization”: sociospatial changes in hinterland regions set in motion by racialized amenity pursuits. Culturally, metropolitan outsiders encounter small cities through ‘rural’ frameworks that emphasize outdoor/agricultural amenities, small-town ‘au- thenticity,’ and the implicit whiteness of the hinterland landscape. Economically, immigrant revitalization and amenity development are connected via linked migra- tion that channels an immigrant proletariat to some cities and the amenity migrants they labor for to other cities and towns. How does the metropolis affect population change and amenity development in small cities of the adjacent hinterland? We examine one scenario in five cities of New York state’s Hudson Valley. Located “upstate” or north of New York City (NYC) and bisected by the metropolitan border, this region exhibits contrasting yet interrelated trajecto- ries of urban change: foreign immigrant settlement and amenity development that are materially linked and spatially channeled across different places.
    [Show full text]
  • Tales from the Littoral Zone the Origin of the Fish Species of Cayuga and Seneca Lakes Mel Russo Finger Lakes Area Naturalist and Life-Long Resident
    CAYUGA LAKE WATERSHED 2015 i2 Network It takes a Network to protect a watershed. News Tales from the Littoral Zone The Origin of the Fish Species of Cayuga and Seneca Lakes Mel Russo Finger Lakes area naturalist and life-long resident Our story begins at an unreasonable point in time, some 550 million years ago when what is now New York State was at the bottom of an epicontinental sea.Gradually, the As the most recent ice age ended, the Burbot (Lota lota) was an early arrival to Seneca and Cayuga lakes. Today this species is listed by NYS entire state, along with much of the northeast, fully DEC as “among the most unusual fish that anglers can encounter.” Please emerged from the sea by about 200 million years ago. see the end of this article for more information. or the next 100 million years or so, the somewhat level land would provide the first vehicle for the re-population of aquatic Fthat was Upstate New York, was then eroded by the flow of fauna into the Finger Lakes. many centuries of torrential precipitation. The wearing away As the front of the ice mass retreated, the young rivers of the land created twelve nearly parallel river valleys, which produced by the melt flowed southward to fill the valleys that included the mighty Seneca and Cayuga Rivers. The easternmost the glacier recently helped to shape. These numerous streams set of six flowed northward into a depression which was encountered other existing freshwater bodies, rivers and the precursor of the Great Lakes Basin.
    [Show full text]
  • Long Island Sound Report Card 2018
    Long Island Sound Report Card 2018 Grading the water quality and ecosystem health of the Urban Sea Investing in Sewage Take Action Treatment Improves Reduce water usage Water Quality Install high-efficiency appliances and fixtures. Don’t overwater your lawn. When New York and Connecticut built our sewage treatment plants decades ago, the public appreciated the reduction of fecal bacteria and other contaminants Eliminate or reduce fertilizer use Leave grass clippings on the lawn. Don’t use that allowed for swimming and sports, and harvesting fertilizer. Or reduce amount by 50% and apply of healthy shellfish. Considered less of a threat at the at the right time – around Labor Day or time was the devastating impact of high volumes of Memorial Day. human-sourced nutrients on ecosystem health and the quality of life in coastal communities. Keep litter out of waterways Don’t put garbage in street catch basins. Switch By the 1980s, the steady increase in population and to reusable bags, straws, water bottles, and the nutrients excreted by humans into our toilet bowls coffee mugs. caught up with Long Island Sound; traditional sewage treatment plants do not remove these nutrients. Har- Pump out your septic system bors full of dying fish and shellfish, dirty beaches, and Have your septic system inspected and pumped waters almost devoid of oxygen got the attention of out every 3 years. the public and EPA. Care for your pipes In 2000, EPA, New York State, and Connecticut agreed If you have back-ups in your sewer line, have it to make a significant investment in a clean and healthy video inspected and repair any cracks.
    [Show full text]
  • Description of the New York City District
    DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW YORK CITY DISTRICT. -By F. J. H. Merrill, N. H. Dartoii, Arthur Hollick, B. D. Salisbury, li. E. Dodge, Bailey Willis, and H. A. Pressey. GENERAL GEOGRAPHY OF THE DISTRICT. By Richard E. Dodge and Bailey Willis. Position. The district described in tins folio is Gedney, and Main channels. Ambrose and Swash Harlem River and Spuyten Duyvil Creek the Coastal Plain in general are low peninsulas sepa­ bounded by the meridians of 78° 45' and 74° 15' channels have a least depth of 3-J- fathoms, while water is but 2 to 3^ fathoms deep. rated by estuaries, in which the tide ebbs and west longitude from Greenwich and the parallels Gedney and Main channels are nowhere less than Newark Bay is an extensive water body, but it flows. These peninsulas are composed of beds of of 40° 30' and 41° north latitude. It covers one- 5 fathoms deep. Within the bar the Lower Bay i is not available for sea-going commerce, as the clay, sand, and gravel, or mixtures of these mate­ quarter of a square degree, equivalent, in this is from 4 to 12 fathoms deep well out from shore, depth is but 2 fathoms or less, except in a little rials constituting loam, and are extensively devel­ latitude, to 905.27 square miles. The map is but toward the New Jersey and Staten Island j channel near the outlet connecting with the Kill oped in Maryland, Delaware, and New Jersey. divided into four atlas sheets, called the Paterson, shores the water shoals to 3 fathoms or less over \ van Kull.
    [Show full text]
  • The Creeks, Beaches, and Bay of the Jamaica Bay Estuary: the Importance of Place in Cultivating Relationships to Nature
    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 2012 The Creeks, Beaches, and Bay of the Jamaica Bay Estuary: The Importance of Place in Cultivating Relationships to Nature Kristen L. Van Hooreweghe Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/1815 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] The Creeks, Beaches, and Bay of the Jamaica Bay Estuary: The Importance of Place in Cultivating Relationships to Nature by Kristen L. Van Hooreweghe A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Sociology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York 2012 © 2012 Kristen L. Van Hooreweghe All Rights Reserved ii This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Sociology in satisfaction of the dissertation requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. William Kornblum _______________ ______________________________________________ Date Chair of Examining Committee John Torpey ______________ ______________________________________________ Date Executive Officer William Kornblum Kenneth Gould Hester Eisenstein Supervisory Committee THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iii Abstract The Creeks, Beaches, and Bay of the Jamaica Bay Estuary: The Importance of Place in Cultivating Relationships to Nature by Kristen L. Van Hooreweghe Adviser: Professor William Kornblum It is often assumed that people living in urban areas lack connections to the natural world and are the source of environmental problems.
    [Show full text]
  • Irrigation Papers
    56TH CoNGREss, } HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. j DocUME.NT 1st Session. 1 1 No. 725. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR WATER-SUPPLY IRRIGATION PAPERS OF THE UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY No. 39 · OPERATIONS AT RIVER STATIONS, 1899.-PART V W .ASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1900 l 1 ~_j UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CH~RLES D. WALCOTT, DIRECTOR OPERATIONS AT RIVER STATIONS, 1899 A REPORT OF THE DIVISION OF HYDROGRAPHY OF THE UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY PART V WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1900 . ! 1 J I CONTENTS. Page. Measurements at river stations ___________________________________________ _ 403 Kings River at Red Mountain, California. _____________________________ _ 403 Kings River at Kingsburg, California _________________________________ _ 404 Kern River near Bakersfield, California __________________________ ~ ____ _ 405 Mohave River at Victor, California _____ . _____________________________ _ 408 Los Angeles River at The Narrows, California _________________________ _ 409 Arroyo Seco, California _______________________ . ______________________ _ 410 San Gabriel River above Azusa, California ____________________________ _ 410 Lytle Creek at mouth of canyon, California ___________________________ _ 413 Santa Ana River at Warmsprings, California __________________________ _ 418 Mill Creek in canyon, California. _____________________________________ _ 421 Developed water of San Bernardino Valley, California _________________ _ 423 Temescal Creek near Rincon, California _______________________________ _ 425 Chino Creek at
    [Show full text]