The Flora and Fauna of the Northwich Woodlands

Home , Acidia cognata, Amara communis, Ballota nigra, Cercopis vulnerata, Cheilosia barbata, Cheilosia illustrata

Compiled by Paul M Hill Last updated: 23 rd August 2010

CONTENTS

Plants 4 Mosses 8 Fungi 9 Bryophytes 10 Lichens 10 Beetles 11 Bees, Ants and Wasps 13 Sawflies 13 Parasitic / Gall Waps 14 True Bugs 14 Planthoppers and Aphids 14 Mayflies 14 Scorpianflies 15 Lacewings 15 Stoneflies 15 Caddisflies 15 Flies 15 Micro-moths 20 Butterflies 24 Macro-moths 24 Dragonflies and Damselflies 27 Earwigs 27 Grasshopper, Crickets and Groundhoppers 28 Amphipods 28 Wood and Water Louse 28 Spiders 28 Mites 29 Centipedes and Millipedes 29 Leeches 29 Snails and Slugs 30 Birds 31 Mammals 33 Amphibians and Reptiles 33

BOTANICAL

Plants Equisetum arvense...... Field Horsetail Phleum bertolonii...... Smaller Cat's-tail Equisetum palustre...... Marsh Horsetail Phleum pratense ...... Timothy Equisetum sylvaticum...... Wood Horsetail Phragmites australis ...... Common Reed Larix decidua ...... European Larch Poa annua...... Annual Meadow-grass Pinus nigra...... Austrian Pine / Corsican Poa compressa ...... Flattened Meadow-grass Pine Poa pratensis ...... Smooth Meadow-grass Pinus sylvestris ...... Scots Pine Poa humilis...... Spreading Meadow-grass Taxus baccata...... Yew Poa trivialis...... Rough Meadow-grass Taxodium distichum ...... Swamp Cypress Puccinellia distans...... Reflexed Saltmarsh-grass Ophioglossum vulgatum..... Adder's-tongue Puccinellia maritima...... Common Saltmarsh-grass Phyllitis scolopendrium...... Hart's-tongue Puccinellia rupestris...... Stiff Saltmarsh-grass Pteridium aquilinum...... Bracken Arrhenatherum elatius...... False Oat-Grass Athyrium filix-femina...... Lady-fern Schoenoplectus lacustris .... Common Club-rush Dryopteris dilatata ...... Broad Buckler-fern Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani Grey Club-rush Dryopteris filix-mas...... Male-fern Bolboschoenus maritimus... Sea Club-rush Dryopteris carthusiana...... Narrow Buckler-Fern Danthonia decumbens...... Heath-grass Lagarosiphon major...... Curly Waterweed Sparganium erectum ...... Branched Bur-reed Potamogeton crispus...... Curled Pondweed Sparganium emersum...... Unbranched Bur-reed Potamogeton natans ...... Broad-leaved Pondweed Trisetum flavescens...... Yellow Oat-grass Potamogeton pectinatus..... Fennel Pondweed Typha angustifolia ...... Lesser Bulrush Potamogeton polygonifolius Bog Pondweed Typha latifolia...... Bulrush Triglochin maritimum...... Sea Arrowgrass Avena fatua...... Wild-oat Triglochin palustre...... Marsh Arrowgrass Vulpia bromoides...... Squirreltail Fescue Zannichellia palustris...... Horned Pondweed Brachypodium sylvaticum ... False-brome Butomus umbellatus...... Flowering-rush Briza media...... Quaking-grass Alisma plantago-aquatica ... Water-plantain Bromus hordeaceus...... Soft-brome Elodea canadensis...... Canadian Waterweed Bromus racemosus...... Smooth Brome Lemna gibba...... Fat Duckweed Bromopsis ramosa...... Hairy-brome Lemna minor...... Common Duckweed Calamagrostis epigejos...... Wood Small-reed Lemna trisulca...... Ivy-leaved Duckweed Elytrigia repens...... Common Couch Arum maculatum...... Lords-and-Ladies Carex acuta...... Slender Tufted-sedge Lemna minuta ...... Least Duckweed Carex acutiformis...... Lesser Pond-sedge Calla palustris ...... Bog Arum Agrostis canina...... Velvet Bent Isolepis setacea ...... Bristle Club-rush Carex spicata ...... Spiked Sedge Juncus acutiflorus ...... Sharp-flowered Rush Agrostis gigantea...... Black Bent Juncus articulatus ...... Jointed Rush Carex echinata...... Star Sedge Juncus ambiguus ...... Frog Rush Carex flacca ...... Glaucous Sedge Juncus bufonius...... Toad Rush Carex hirta ...... Hairy Sedge Juncus bulbosus ...... Bulbous Rush Agrostis stolonifera...... Creeping Bent Juncus conglomeratus...... Compact Rush Carex nigra...... Common Sedge Juncus effusus...... Soft-rush Carex otrubae...... False Fox-sedge Juncus gerardii...... Saltmarsh Rush Carex ovalis ...... Oval Sedge Juncus inflexus ...... Hard Rush Agrostis capillaris...... Common Bent Juncus maritimus ...... Sea Rush Carex paniculata...... Greater Tussock-sedge Juncus subnodulosus...... Blunt-flowered Rush Carex pendula...... Pendulous Sedge Juncus tenuis...... Slender Rush Aira caryophyllea...... Silver Hair-grass Kobresia simpliciuscula ...... False Sedge Carex remota ...... Remote Sedge Anisantha sterilis...... Barren Brome Carex riparia...... Greater Pond-sedge Lolium multiflorum...... Italian Rye-grass Carex sylvatica...... Wood-sedge Lolium perenne ...... Perennial Rye-grass Secale cereale...... Rye Luzula campestris ...... Field Wood-rush Cladium mariscus...... Great Fen-sedge Luzula sylvatica...... Great Wood-rush Cynosurus cristatus...... Crested Dog's-tail Anthoxanthum odoratum .... Sweet Vernal-grass Dactylis glomerata...... Cock's-foot Melica uniflora...... Wood Melick Deschampsia cespitosa...... Tufted Hair-grass Milium effusum...... Wood Millet Deschampsia flexuosa...... Wavy Hair-grass Nardus stricta...... Mat-grass Eleocharis palustris...... Common Spike-rush Phalaris arundinacea...... Reed Canary-grass Elymus caninus ...... Bearded Couch Phalaris canariensis ...... Canary-grass Carex viridula ...... Yellow-sedge

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 4 BOTANICAL Festuca arundinacea...... Tall Fescue Odontites vernus ...... Red Bartsia Festuca gigantea...... Giant Fescue Orobanche minor var. minor Alopecurus geniculatus ...... Marsh Foxtail Petasites fragrans...... Winter Heliotrope Festuca ovina...... Sheep's-fescue Petasites hybridus ...... Butterbur Festuca pratensis...... Meadow Fescue Picris echioides ...... Bristly Oxtongue Festuca rubra agg...... Red Fescue Plantago lanceolata...... Ribwort Plantain Festuca rubra...... Red Fescue Plantago major ...... Greater Plantain Alopecurus pratensis...... Meadow Foxtail Plantago media ...... Hoary Plantain Glyceria declinata...... Small Sweet-grass Arctium lappa ...... Greater Burdock Glyceria fluitans...... Floating Sweet-grass Prunella x intermedia...... Hybrid Self-heal Glyceria maxima ...... Reed Sweet-grass Prunella vulgaris...... Selfheal Glyceria notata...... Plicate Sweet-grass Pulicaria dysenterica...... Common Fleabane Holcus lanatus ...... Yorkshire-fog Rhinanthus minor ...... Yellow-rattle Holcus mollis...... Creeping Soft-grass Artemisia absinthium ...... Wormwood Hordeum jubatum...... Foxtail Barley Artemisia vulgaris...... Mugwort Hordeum murinum...... Wall Barley Sambucus nigra ...... Elder Iris pseudacorus...... Yellow Iris Scrophularia auriculata ...... Water Figwort Asparagus officinalis ...... Asparagus Scrophularia nodosa...... Common Figwort Tamus communis...... Black Bryony Scutellaria galericulata...... Skullcap Pontederia cordata...... Pickerelweed Senecio aquaticus ...... Marsh Ragwort Narcissus pseudonarcissus Daffodil / Wild Daffodil Senecio erucifolius...... Hoary Ragwort Dactylorhiza fuchsii ...... Common Spotted-orchid Senecio jacobaea...... Common Ragwort Dactylorhiza incarnata...... Early Marsh-orchid Adoxa moschatellina...... Moschatel Dactylorhiza maculata ...... Heath Spotted-orchid Senecio squalidus ...... Oxford Ragwort Dactylorhiza praetermissa .. Southern Marsh-orchid Senecio vulgaris...... Groundsel Dactylorhiza purpurella...... Northern Marsh-orchid Solanum dulcamara...... Bittersweet Hyacinthoides hispanica..... Spanish Bluebell Solanum nigrum ...... Black Nightshade Hyacinthoides non-scripta... Bluebell Solidago virgaurea...... Goldenrod Epipactis palustris ...... Marsh Helleborine Sonchus arvensis...... Perennial Sow-thistle Allium ursinum ...... Ramsons Sonchus asper ...... Prickly Sow-thistle Gymnadenia conopsea...... Fragrant Orchid Sonchus oleraceus...... Smooth Sow-thistle Anacamptis pyramidalis...... Pyramidal Orchid Stachys arvensis ...... Field Woundwort Callitriche sp...... a water-starwort Stachys palustris ...... Marsh Woundwort Hypochaeris glabra ...... Smooth Cat's-ear Stachys sylvatica...... Hedge Woundwort Hypochaeris radicata...... Cat's-ear Succisa pratensis ...... Devil's-bit Scabious Inula conyzae...... Ploughman's-spikenard Symphytum officinale...... Common Comfrey Knautia arvensis...... Field Scabious Syringa vulgaris...... Lilac Lactuca serriola...... Prickly Lettuce Tanacetum vulgare...... Tansy Lamium album ...... White Dead-nettle Aster tripolium ...... Sea Aster Lamium amplexicaule...... Henbit Dead-nettle Teucrium scorodonia ...... Wood Sage Lamium hybridum...... Cut-leaved Dead-nettle Tragopogon pratensis...... Goat's-beard Lamium purpureum...... Red Dead-nettle Tussilago farfara...... Colt's-foot Lapsana communis...... Nipplewort Valeriana officinalis...... Common Valerian Leontodon autumnalis ...... Autumn Hawkbit Verbascum thapsus...... Great Mullein Leontodon hispidus...... Rough Hawkbit Veronica arvensis...... Wall Speedwell Leontodon saxatilis...... Lesser Hawkbit Veronica beccabunga...... Brooklime Linaria vulgaris...... Common Toadflax Veronica chamaedrys...... Germander Speedwell Lonicera periclymenum...... Honeysuckle Veronica hederifolia...... Ivy-leaved Speedwell Lycopus europaeus...... Gypsywort Veronica montana ...... Wood Speedwell Matricaria recutita...... Scented Mayweed Veronica persica...... Common Field-speedwell Tripleurospermum inodorum Scentless Mayweed Veronica serpyllifolia...... Thyme-leaved Speedwell Matricaria discoidea ...... Pineappleweed Viburnum opulus...... Guelder-rose Mentha aquatica...... Water Mint Vinca major ...... Greater Periwinkle Mentha pulegium...... Pennyroyal Euphrasia officinalis agg. .... Eyebright Myosotis arvensis...... Field Forget-me-not Ballota nigra ...... Black Horehound Myosotis laxa...... Tufted Forget-me-not Ligustrum ovalifolium...... Garden Privet Myosotis ramosissima ...... Early Forget-me-not Solidago canadensis...... Canadian Goldenrod Myosotis discolor...... Changing Forget-me-not Bellis perennis...... Daisy Myosotis scorpioides...... Water Forget-me-not Arctium minus...... Lesser Burdock Myosotis sylvatica ...... Wood Forget-me-not Bidens cernua ...... Nodding Bur-marigold

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 5 BOTANICAL Bidens tripartita...... Trifid Bur-marigold Persicaria bistorta...... Common Bistort Blackstonia perfoliata ...... Yellow-wort Fallopia convolvulus ...... Black-bindweed Buddleja davidii...... Butterfly-bush Fallopia japonica...... Japanese Knotweed Hieracium umbellatum...... Hawkweed Persicaria hydropiper...... Water-pepper Hieracium diaphanum...... Hawkweed Persicaria lapathifolia...... Pale Persicaria Callitriche stagnalis ...... Common Water-starwort Persicaria maculosa ...... Redshank Pilosella flagellaris...... Shetland Mouse-ear- Arenaria serpyllifolia ...... Thyme-leaved Sandwort hawkweed Rumex acetosa ...... Common Sorrel Calystegia sepium...... Hedge Bindweed Rumex acetosella...... Sheep's Sorrel Calystegia silvatica...... Large Bindweed Rumex conglomeratus...... Clustered Dock Hieracium sabaudum...... Hawkweed Rumex crispus...... Curled Dock Pilosella praealta Rumex hydrolapathum...... Water Dock Campanula latifolia...... Giant Bellflower Rumex longifolius...... Northern Dock Hieracium sublepistoides.... Hawkweed Rumex maritimus...... Golden Dock Hieracium vulgatum Rumex obtusifolius ...... Broad-leaved Dock Carduus crispus...... Welted Thistle Rumex sanguineus...... Wood Dock Mimulus guttatus...... Monkeyflower Sagina nodosa ...... Knotted Pearlwort Centaurea cyanus...... Cornflower Sagina procumbens...... Procumbent Pearlwort Centaurea nigra ...... Common Knapweed Salicornia ramosissima...... Purple Glasswort Aster novi-belgii...... Confused Michaelmas-daisy Spergula arvensis...... Corn Spurrey Hieracium exotericum...... Spergularia marina ...... Lesser Sea-spurrey Centaurium littorale...... Seaside Centaury Spergularia rubra...... Sand Spurrey Pilosella aurantiaca...... Fox-and-cubs Stellaria uliginosa ...... Bog Stitchwort Leucanthemum vulgare...... Oxeye Daisy Stellaria graminea...... Lesser Stitchwort Tanacetum parthenium...... Feverfew Stellaria holostea...... Greater Stitchwort Cichorium intybus...... Chicory Stellaria media...... Common Chickweed Cirsium arvense ...... Creeping Thistle Atriplex prostrata ...... Spear-leaved Orache Cirsium palustre ...... Marsh Thistle Atriplex patula...... Common Orache Cirsium vulgare...... Spear Thistle Sagina apetala ...... Annual Pearlwort Convolvulus arvensis...... Field Bindweed Silene vulgaris...... Bladder Campion Centaurium erythraea...... Common Centaury Cerastium diffusum...... Sea Mouse-ear Crepis capillaris...... Smooth Hawk's-beard Cerastium cerastoides ...... Starwort Mouse-ear Crepis vesicaria...... Beaked Hawk's-beard Cerastium glomeratum...... Sticky Mouse-ear Digitalis purpurea ...... Foxglove Cerastium fontanum ...... Common Mouse-ear Dipsacus fullonum...... Wild Teasel Chenopodium album...... Fat-hen Achillea millefolium...... Yarrow Chenopodium bonus-henricus Good-King-Henry Erigeron acer ...... Blue Fleabane Chenopodium rubrum...... Red Goosefoot Conyza canadensis...... Canadian Fleabane Hypericum perforatum ...... Perforate St John's-wort Eupatorium cannabinum..... Hemp-agrimony Hypericum pulchrum...... Slender St John's-wort Euphrasia nemorosa Hypericum tetrapterum ...... Square-stalked St John's- Filago vulgaris...... Common Cudweed wort Fraxinus excelsior ...... Ash Lunaria annua ...... Honesty Lamiastrum galeobdolon .... Yellow Archangel Lysimachia vulgaris ...... Yellow Loosestrife Galeopsis tetrahit agg...... Common Hemp-nettle Malva moschata ...... Musk-mallow Galium aparine...... Cleavers Malva sylvestris...... Common Mallow Cruciata laevipes...... Crosswort Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum Water-cress Galium saxatile ...... Heath Bedstraw Arabidopsis thaliana ...... Thale Cress Galium palustre...... Marsh-bedstraw Populus alba ...... White Poplar Achillea ptarmica...... Sneezewort Populus tremula ...... Aspen Glechoma hederacea...... Ground-ivy Primula veris ...... Cowslip Gnaphalium uliginosum...... Marsh Cudweed Primula vulgaris...... Primrose Pilosella officinarum ...... Mouse-ear-hawkweed Armoracia rusticana...... Horse-radish Lychnis flos-cuculi ...... Ragged-Robin Reseda lutea...... Wild Mignonette Silene latifolia...... White Campion Reseda luteola ...... Weld Silene dioica ...... Red Campion Rhododendron ponticum..... Rhododendron Moehringia trinervia...... Three-nerved Sandwort Rorippa amphibia ...... Great Yellow-cress Myosoton aquaticum ...... Water Chickweed Rorippa palustris...... Marsh Yellow-cress Polygonum arenastrum ...... Equal-leaved Knotgrass Rorippa sylvestris...... Creeping Yellow-cress Persicaria amphibia...... Amphibious Bistort Salix alba ...... White Willow Polygonum aviculare...... Knotgrass Salix caprea ...... Goat Willow

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 6 BOTANICAL Salix cinerea ...... Grey Willow Chelidonium majus...... Greater Celandine Salix fragilis...... Crack-willow Clematis vitalba...... Traveller's-joy Salix repens...... Creeping Willow Papaver dubium ...... Long-headed Poppy Salix viminalis ...... Osier Fumaria officinalis...... Common Fumitory Sisymbrium altissimum...... Tall Rocket Malus sp...... an apple Sisymbrium officinale...... Hedge Mustard Ilex aquifolium ...... Holly Sisymbrium orientale...... Eastern Rocket Impatiens glandulifera...... Indian Balsam Thlaspi arvense...... Field Penny-cress Angelica sylvestris...... Wild Angelica Viola arvensis...... Field Pansy Lathyrus pratensis ...... Meadow Vetchling Viola riviniana...... Common Dog-violet Linum catharticum ...... Fairy Flax Barbarea vulgaris...... Winter-cress Lotus corniculatus...... Common Bird's-foot-trefoil Brassica napus ...... Rape Lotus pedunculatus...... Greater Bird's-foot-trefoil Brassica nigra ...... Black Mustard Lythrum salicaria ...... Purple-loosestrife Brassica rapa...... Turnip Anthriscus caucalis...... Bur Chervil Capsella bursa-pastoris...... Shepherd's-purse Malus domestica...... Apple Cardamine amara ...... Large Bitter-cress Anthriscus sylvestris ...... Cow Parsley Cardamine flexuosa ...... Wavy Bitter-cress Medicago lupulina...... Black Medick Cardamine hirsuta...... Hairy Bitter-cress Anthyllis vulneraria...... Kidney Vetch Cardamine pratensis ...... Cuckooflower Melilotus albus...... White Melilot Cochlearia danica ...... Danish Scurvygrass Melilotus altissimus...... Tall Melilot Coronopus didymus ...... Lesser Swine-cress Melilotus officinalis...... Ribbed Melilot Alliaria petiolata...... Garlic Mustard Mercurialis perennis...... Dog's Mercury Diplotaxis muralis...... Annual Wall-rocket Myriophyllum spicatum ...... Spiked Water-milfoil Diplotaxis tenuifolia ...... Perennial Wall-rocket Apium graveolens...... Wild Celery Erysimum cheiranthoides ... Treacle-mustard Apium nodiflorum...... Fool's-water-cress Hirschfeldia incana...... Hoary Mustard Onobrychis viciifolia...... Sainfoin Anagallis arvensis ...... Scarlet Pimpernel Ononis repens...... Common Restharrow Quercus cerris...... Turkey Oak Oxalis acetosella ...... Wood-sorrel Quercus petraea ...... Sessile Oak Pastinaca sativa ...... Wild Parsnip Quercus robur...... Pedunculate Oak Pimpinella saxifraga...... Burnet-saxifrage Ulmus glabra...... Wych Elm Potentilla anglica ...... Trailing Tormentil Ulmus procera...... English Elm Potentilla anserina...... Silverweed Urtica dioica...... Common Nettle Potentilla erecta...... Tormentil Urtica urens ...... Small Nettle Potentilla palustris ...... Marsh Cinquefoil Betula pendula...... Silver Birch Potentilla recta...... Sulphur Cinquefoil Betula pubescens...... Downy Birch Potentilla reptans...... Creeping Cinquefoil Alnus cordata...... Italian Alder Prunus avium ...... Wild Cherry Castanea sativa ...... Sweet Chestnut Prunus laurocerasus...... Cherry Laurel Corylus avellana...... Hazel Prunus padus...... Bird Cherry Alnus glutinosa...... Alder Prunus spinosa...... Blackthorn Alnus incana ...... Grey Alder Ribes uva-crispa...... Gooseberry Fagus sylvatica ...... Beech Rosa sp...... a Rose Anemone nemorosa...... Wood Anemone Rosa arvensis...... Field-rose Nuphar lutea ...... Yellow Water-lily Rosa canina agg...... Dog-rose Nymphaea alba...... White Water-lily Rosa canina ...... Dog-rose Papaver rhoeas...... Common Poppy Rosa obtusifolia...... Round-leaved Dog-rose Ranunculus acris...... Meadow Buttercup Rubus fruticosus agg...... Bramble Ranunculus peltatus...... Pond Water-crowfoot Rubus idaeus ...... Raspberry Ranunculus bulbosus...... Bulbous Buttercup Cytisus scoparius ...... Broom Ranunculus circinatus ...... Fan-leaved Water-crowfoot Sedum acre...... Biting Stonecrop Ranunculus ficaria...... Lesser Celandine Smyrnium olusatrum...... Alexanders Ranunculus flammula...... Lesser Spearwort Sorbus aria agg...... Whitebeam Ranunculus hederaceus..... Ivy-leaved Crowfoot Sorbus aucuparia ...... Rowan Ranunculus lingua...... Greater Spearwort Sorbus intermedia ...... Swedish Whitebeam Ranunculus repens ...... Creeping Buttercup Aegopodium podagraria...... Ground-elder Ranunculus sceleratus ...... Celery-leaved Buttercup Torilis japonica ...... Upright Hedge-parsley Ranunculus trichophyllus.... Thread-leaved Water- Trifolium arvense...... Hare's-foot Clover crowfoot Trifolium campestre...... Hop Trefoil Caltha palustris ...... Marsh-marigold Trifolium dubium...... Lesser Trefoil Ceratophyllum demersum... Rigid Hornwort Trifolium fragiferum...... Strawberry Clover

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 7 BOTANICAL Trifolium medium...... Zigzag Clover Daucus carota ...... Carrot Trifolium pratense ...... Red Clover Crataegus monogyna...... Hawthorn Trifolium repens ...... White Clover Epilobium ciliatum...... American Willowherb Aethusa cynapium...... Fool's Parsley Epilobium hirsutum...... Great Willowherb Ulex europaeus...... Gorse Epilobium lanceolatum...... Spear-leaved Willowherb Ulex gallii ...... Western Gorse Epilobium montanum...... Broad-leaved Willowherb Vicia cracca ...... Tufted Vetch Epilobium obscurum ...... Short-fruited Willowherb Vicia hirsuta ...... Hairy Tare Epilobium palustre...... Marsh Willowherb Vicia sepium ...... Bush Vetch Epilobium parviflorum ...... Hoary Willowherb Vicia tetrasperma ...... Smooth Tare Medicago sativa Aesculus hippocastanum.... Horse-chestnut Euonymus europaeus...... Spindle Alchemilla mollis...... Garden Lady's-mantle Euphorbia helioscopia...... Sun Spurge Berula erecta ...... Lesser Water-parsnip Euphorbia peplus...... Petty Spurge Aesculus carnea...... Red Horse-chestnut Crataegus punctata ...... Dotted Hawthorn Vicia sativa...... Common Vetch Filipendula ulmaria...... Meadowsweet Cotoneaster bullatus ...... Hollyberry Cotoneaster Fragaria vesca...... Wild Strawberry Cotoneaster divaricatus...... Spreading Cotoneaster Frangula alnus...... Alder Buckthorn Acer campestre...... Field Maple Geranium dissectum...... Cut-leaved Crane's-bill Acer platanoides ...... Norway Maple Geranium lucidum ...... Shining Crane's-bill Chaerophyllum temulum..... Rough Chervil Geranium molle...... Dove's-foot Crane's-bill Chamerion angustifolium.... Rosebay Willowherb Geranium pratense...... Meadow Crane's-bill Acer pseudoplatanus...... Sycamore Geranium pyrenaicum...... Hedgerow Crane's-bill Chrysosplenium alternifolium. Alternate-leaved Golden- Geranium robertianum...... Herb-Robert saxifrage Geum urbanum ...... Wood Avens Chrysosplenium oppositifolium Opposite-leaved Hedera helix...... Common Ivy Golden-saxifrage Heracleum sphondylium...... Hogweed Circaea lutetiana...... Enchanter's-nightshade Hydrocotyle vulgaris ...... Marsh Pennywort Conium maculatum ...... Hemlock Hieracium grandidens Conopodium majus ...... Pignut Hieracium vagum Trifolium hybridum...... Alsike Clover Hieracium piligerum

530 Species

Mosses Polytrichum commune...... Common Haircap Bryum argenteum...... Silver-moss Polytrichum juniperinum ..... Juniper Haircap Bryum bicolor ...... Bicoloured Bryum Atrichum undulatum ...... Common Smoothcap Bryum rubens...... Crimson-tuber Thread- Ceratodon purpureus...... Redshank moss Dicranella heteromalla...... Silky Forklet-moss Mnium hornum ...... Swan's-neck Thyme-moss Dicranoweisia cirrata...... Common Pincushion Rhizomnium punctatum ...... Dotted Thyme-moss Campylopus pyriformis...... Dwarf Swan-neck Moss Plagiomnium undulatum...... Hart's-tongue Thyme-moss Campylopus introflexus ...... Heath Star Moss Aulacomnium androgynum.. Bud-headed Groove-moss Fissidens bryoides...... Lesser Pocket-moss Orthotrichum affine...... Wood Bristle-moss Fissidens taxifolius ...... Common Pocket-moss Orthotrichum diaphanum..... White-tipped Bristle-moss Weissia multicapsularis ...... Many-fruited Beardless- Amblystegium serpens...... Creeping Feather-moss moss Drepanocladus aduncus ..... Kneiff's Hook-moss Bryoerythrophyllum recurvirostrum.. Red Beard-moss Calliergonella cuspidata...... Pointed Spear-moss Barbula convoluta ...... Lesser Bird's-claw Beard- Brachythecium rutabulum ... Rough-stalked Feather- moss moss Barbula unguiculata...... Bird's-claw Beard-moss Brachythecium rivulare ...... River Feather-moss Didymodon fallax...... Fallacious Beard-moss Rhynchostegium confertum.Clustered Feather-moss Tortula muralis ...... Wall Screw-moss Eurhynchium praelongum... Common Feather-moss Tortula truncata...... Common Pottia Plagiothecium denticulatum Dented Silk-moss Grimmia pulvinata ...... Grey-cushioned Grimmia Plagiothecium undulatum ....Waved Silk-moss Funaria hygrometrica...... Common Cord-moss Pseudotaxiphyllum elegans .Elegant Silk-moss Bryum capillare ...... Capillary Thread-moss Hypnum cupressiforme ...... Cypress-leaved Plait-moss Bryum caespiticium...... Tufted Thread-moss Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus Springy Turf-moss Sphagnum squarrosum ...... Spiky Bog-moss Sphagnum fimbriatum ...... Fringed Bog-moss

44 Species

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 8 BOTANICAL

Fungi Taphrina alni Kuehneromyces mutabilis Taphrina betulina Psilocybe cyanescens Taphrina populina Stropharia aeruginosa Taphrina pruni Stropharia aurantiaca Erysiphe alphitoides Armillaria gallica Erysiphe heraclei Armillaria mellea Sawadaea bicornis Calocybe gambosa Ascocoryne sarcoides Clitocybe gibba Bulgaria inquinans Clitocybe nebularis Chlorociboria aeruginosa Clitocybe odora Ciboria batschiana Clitocybe phyllophila Cudoniella acicularis Clitocybe vibecina Diplocarpon rosae Flammulina velutipes Drepanopeziza populi-albae Gymnopus confluens Lanzia luteovirescens Laccaria laccata Leptotrochila ranunculi Lepista flaccida Trochila ilicina Marasmius oreades Nectria cinnabarina Megacollybia platyphylla Lepraria incana Melanoleuca arcuata Amandinea punctata Melanoleuca melaleuca Melanelia subaurifera Mycena arcangeliana Physcia tenella Mycena galericulata Aleuria aurantia Mycena galopus Peziza repanda Mycena inclinata Venturia saliciperda Mycena rosella Lophodermium punctiforme Oudemansiella mucida Rhytisma acerinum Rickenella fibula Daldinia concentrica Tricholoma argyraceum Diatrype disciformis Tricholoma cingulatum Hypoxylon fragiforme Tricholoma fulvum Hypoxylon multiforme Tricholoma sejunctum Kretzschmaria deusta Auricularia auricula-judae Xylaria hypoxylon Boletus erythropus Xylaria polymorpha Paxillus involutus Agaricus arvensis Xerocomus badius Lepiota aspera Xerocomus chrysenteron Leucocoprinus brebissonii Clavulina cinerea Macrolepiota procera Typhula erythropus Amanita muscaria Cortinarius hemitrichus Amanita rubescens Cortinarius leucopus Amanita vaginata Gymnopilus junonius Bolbitius vitellinus Hebeloma crustuliniforme Conocybe rickeniana Tubaria conspersa Conocybe tenera Tubaria furfuracea Coprinus atramentarius Calocera cornea Coprinus comatus Calocera viscosa Coprinus disseminatus Dacrymyces stillatus Coprinus domesticus Fistulina hepatica Coprinus lagopus Ganoderma australe Coprinus micaceus Geastrum triplex Psathyrella candolleana Handkea excipuliformis Psathyrella pennata Lycoperdon perlatum Psathyrella piluliformis Lycoperdon pyriforme Clitopilus prunulus Mutinus caninus Entoloma sericeum var. sericeum Phallus impudicus Pluteus cervinus Antrodia serialis Volvariella speciosa Bjerkandera adusta Hypholoma fasciculare Daedalea quercina

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 9 BOTANICAL Daedaleopsis confragosa Grifola frondosa Ischnoderma benzoinum Russula ochroleuca Laetiporus sulphureus Russula xerampelina Lenzites betulina Scleroderma areolatum Meripilus giganteus Scleroderma citrinum Piptoporus betulinus Scleroderma verrucosum Trametes gibbosa Hyphodontia sambuci Trametes versicolor Schizopora paradoxa Pleurotus cornucopiae Byssomerulius corium Pleurotus ostreatus Chondrostereum purpureum Polyporus badius Phlebia radiata Polyporus varius Stereum gausapatum Lactarius glyciosmus Stereum hirsutum Lactarius pubescens Stereum rugosum Lactarius quietus Stereum sanguinolentum Lactarius turpis Melampsora caprearum Russula atropurpurea Puccinia cnici Russula nigricans Puccinia poarum

152 Species

Bryophytes Lophocolea bidentata...... Bifid Crestwort Conocephalum conicum...... Great Scented Liverwort Lophocolea heterophylla..... Variable-leaved Crestwort Marchantia polymorpha ...... Common Liverwort Pellia epiphylla...... Overleaf Pellia Riccia sorocarpa...... Common Crystalwort Lunularia cruciata...... Crescent-cup Liverwort

7 Species

Lichens Caloplaca citrina Lecidella stigmatea Caloplaca holocarpa Leproplaca chrysodeta Candelariella aurella f. aurella Micarea denigrata Cladonia chlorophaea Parmelia saxatilis Cladonia coniocraea Parmelia sulcata Cladonia fimbriata Peltigera canina Cladonia macilenta Peltigera didactyla Cliostomum griffithii Phaeophyscia orbicularis Evernia prunastri Physcia adscendens Porpidia tuberculosa Physcia caesia Hypogymnia physodes Rinodina gennarii Lecanora albescens Usnea subfloridana Lecanora chlarotera Verrucaria dufourii Lecanora conizaeoides Verrucaria hochstetteri Lecanora dispersa Verrucaria nigrescens Lecanora expallens Verrucaria viridula Lecanora muralis Xanthoria parietina Lecanora saligna Xanthoria polycarpa Lecanora soralifera Athelia arachnoidea Lecidea fuscoatra

39 Species

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 10 INVERTEBRATES

Beetles Gyrinus distinctus...... Amara bifrons...... Gyrinus marinus...... Amara praetermissa ...... Gyrinus natator ...... Amara apricaria...... Gyrinus substriatus...... Anisodactylus binotatus ...... Haliplus ruficollis ...... Stenolophus mixtus ...... Haliplus sibiricus ...... Acupalpus parvulus ...... Haliplus wehnckei ...... Badister bipustulatus ...... Hygrobia hermanni...... Screech Beetle Badister bullatus...... Noterus clavicornis...... Dromius quadrimaculatus ... Copelatus haemorrhoidalis. Dromius melanocephalus.... Liopterus haemorrhoidalis... Philorhizus melanocephalus Laccophilus minutus...... Helophorus aequalis...... Hyphydrus ovatus ...... Helophorus brevipalpis ...... Hygrotus inaequalis...... Helophorus minutus...... Hygrotus impressopunctatus Helophorus obscurus...... Hydroporus erythrocephalus Hydrobius fuscipes ...... Hydroporus memnonius...... Limnoxenus niger...... Hydroporus planus ...... Anacaena globulus...... Agabus bipustulatus...... Anacaena limbata...... Agabus nebulosus...... Anacaena lutescens ...... Agabus sturmii ...... Laccobius bipunctatus ...... Ilybius ater ...... Enochrus melanocephalus.. Ilybius fuliginosus...... Enochrus testaceus...... Ilybius guttiger...... Cymbiodyta marginellus...... Rhantus suturalis ...... Sphaeridium scarabaeoides Colymbetes fuscus...... Gnathoncus buyssoni ...... Dytiscus marginalis ...... Great Diving Beetle Nicrophorus humator ...... Dytiscus semisulcatus ...... Lesteva longoelytrata...... Hydaticus seminiger...... Tychus niger...... Carabus violaceus...... Violet Ground Beetle Tachyporus chrysomelinus.. Nebria brevicollis...... Tachyporus hypnorum...... Notiophilus biguttatus...... Tachyporus obtusus ...... Notiophilus rufipes...... Aleochara funebris...... Cicindela campestris ...... Green Tiger Beetle Leptusa ruficollis...... Elaphrus riparius ...... Syntomium aeneum...... Asaphidion curtum...... Platystethus arenarius ...... Bembidion aeneum ...... Oxytelus laqueatus...... Bembidion guttula ...... Stenus clavicornis...... Ocys harpaloides ...... Stenus fulvicornis ...... Ocys quinquestriatus...... Stenus nitidiusculus...... Stomis pumicatus...... Stenus impressus...... Poecilus versicolor ...... Stenus ossium...... Pterostichus madidus...... Rugilus orbiculatus ...... Pterostichus niger ...... Lithocharis nigriceps...... Pterostichus nigrita...... Philonthus cognatus ...... Pterostichus vernalis ...... Philonthus varians ...... Pterostichus strenuus...... Bisnius subuliformis...... Abax parallelepipedus ...... Gabrius splendidulus ...... Calathus fuscipes...... Ocypus olens ...... Devil's Coach-horse Paranchus albipes...... Ocypus brunnipes...... Platynus assimilis...... Quedius invreae ...... Amara plebeja...... Quedius curtipennis...... Amara aenea ...... Quedius fumatus ...... Amara communis ...... Trox scaber ...... Amara familiaris ...... Geotrupes spiniger ...... Amara ovata ...... Aphodius rufipes...... Amara spreta ...... Aphodius fimetarius...... Amara tibialis ...... Aphodius prodromus......

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 11 INVERTEBRATES Aphodius sphacelatus ...... Lagria hirta...... Aphodius fossor ...... Oedemera lurida...... Melolontha melolontha ...... Common Cockchafer Anaspis garneysi ...... Hoplia philanthus...... Welsh Chafer Anaspis maculata...... Phyllopertha horticola...... Bracken Chafer Anaspis rufilabris...... Cyphon coarctatus ...... Grammoptera ruficornis ...... Byrrhus pilula...... Pill Beetle Clytus arietis...... Wasp Beetle Heterocerus fenestratus ..... Bruchus loti ...... Hypnoidus riparius...... Donacia clavipes ...... Kibunea minuta...... Donacia simplex...... Denticollis linearis ...... Donacia versicolorea ...... Athous haemorrhoidalis...... Cassida rubiginosa...... Thistle Tortoise Beetle Hemicrepidius hirtus...... Chrysolina polita...... Agriotes acuminatus...... Gastrophysa viridula...... Green Dock Beetle Agriotes lineatus...... Phaedon tumidulus...... Celery Leaf Beetle Agriotes obscurus ...... Hydrothassa marginella ...... Agriotes pallidulus...... Phratora vitellinae...... Brassy Willow Beetle Cantharis decipiens...... Galerucella pusilla ...... Cantharis livida ...... Pyrrhalta viburni ...... Guelder-rose Leaf Beetle Cantharis nigra...... Lochmaea crataegi...... Hawthorn Leaf Beetle Cantharis nigricans...... Agelastica alni ...... Cantharis pellucida...... Altica lythri...... Cantharis rustica...... Crepidodera fulvicornis ...... Cantharis thoracica ...... Cryptocephalus labiatus...... Rhagonycha fulva ...... Deporaus betulae...... Birch Leaf Roller Rhagonycha lignosa...... Ceratapion carduorum...... Bembidion lunulatum...... Ceratapion gibbirostre...... Ptilinus pectinicornis...... Fan-bearing Wood-borer Malvapion malvae...... Brachypterus glaber ...... Protapion apricans...... Brachypterus urticae ...... Nettle Pollen Beetle Protapion fulvipes...... White Clover Seed Weevil Epuraea pallescens...... Perapion marchicum...... Glischrochilus quadripunctatus Perapion violaceum...... Rhizophagus bipustulatus... Oxystoma pomonae...... Rhizophagus dispar...... Otiorhynchus ligneus ...... Cerylon ferrugineum...... Otiorhynchus singularis...... Raspberry Weevil Rhyzobius litura...... Otiorhynchus sulcatus...... Vine Weevil Coccidula rufa...... Phyllobius oblongus...... Brown Leaf Weevil Coccidula scutellata ...... Phyllobius roboretanus ...... Small Green Nettle Weevil Chilocorus renipustulatus ... Kidney-spot Ladybird Phyllobius pyri ...... Common Leaf Weevil Halyzia sedecimguttata ...... Orange Ladybird Phyllobius glaucus...... Psyllobora vigintiduopunctata. 22-spot Ladybird Phyllobius pomaceus...... Calvia quattuorodecimguttata. Cream-spot Ladybird Polydrusus splendidus...... Propylea quattuordecimpunctata...... 14-spot Barypeithes pellucidus...... Ladybird Sitona cylindricollis ...... Adalia bipunctata...... 2-spot Ladybird Sitona lineatus...... Adalia decempunctata...... 10-spot Ladybird Hypera meles...... Coccinella septempunctata. 7-spot Ladybird Euophryum confine...... Anisosticta novemdecimpunctata...... Water Orthochaetes setiger ...... Ladybird Tychius meliloti...... Stephostethus lardarius...... Tychius picirostris...... Aridius nodifer...... Rhynchaenus fagi...... Beech Leaf Miner Cortinicara gibbosa ...... Dryocoetinus villosus......

218 Species

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 12 INVERTEBRATES

Bees, Ants and Wasps Argogorytes mystaceus...... Field Digger Wasp Vespula rufa...... Red Wasp Crabro cribrarius ...... Slender Bodied Digger Vespula vulgaris...... Common Wasp Wasp Andrena apicata ...... a mining bee Crabro peltarius...... a digger wasp Andrena bicolor ...... Gwynne's Mining Bee Crossocerus elongatulus.... Slender Digger Wasp Andrena cineraria...... Grey Mining Bee Crossocerus megacephalus a digger wasp Andrena clarkella...... a mining bee Crossocerus pusillus ...... a digger wasp Andrena fulva...... a mining bee Crossocerus quadrimaculatus 4-spotted Digger Andrena haemorrhoa...... Early Mining Bee Wasp Andrena nigroaenea ...... a mining bee Crossocerus tarsatus...... a digger wasp Andrena scotica...... a mining bee Ectemnius cavifrons ...... a digger wasp Andrena synadelpha...... a mining bee Ectemnius continuus ...... a digger wasp Anthophora furcata...... Fork Tailed Flower Bee Mellinus arvensis...... Field Digger Wasp Apis mellifera...... Honey Bee Nysson spinosus...... Large Spurred Digger Bombus bohemicus...... a bumblebee Wasp Bombus hortorum...... Small Garden Bumble Bee Passaloecus gracilis...... a digger wasp Bombus lapidarius...... Large Red Tailed Bumble Pemphredon inornata...... a digger wasp Bee Pemphredon lethifera...... a digger wasp Bombus lucorum...... White-tailed Bumble Bee Pemphredon lugubris ...... Mournful Wasp Bombus pascuorum...... Common Carder Bee Rhopalum coarctatum ...... a digger wasp Bombus pratorum...... Early Bumble Bee Trypoxylon attenuatum...... Slender Wood Borer Wasp Bombus sylvestris...... a bumblebee Chrysis angustula...... a cuckoo wasp Bombus terrestris ...... Buff-tailed Bumble Bee Chrysis ignita ...... a cuckoo wasp Bombus vestalis ...... a bumblebee Pseudomalus auratus...... a cuckoo wasp Halictus rubicundus ...... a mining bee Trichrysis cyanea ...... a cuckoo wasp Halictus tumulorum...... a mining bee Myrmosa atra...... Black Headed Velvet Ant Hylaeus communis ...... Common Yellow Face Bee Sapyga quinquepunctata.... a solitary wasp Hylaeus hyalinatus...... a solitary bee Formica lemani ...... an ant Lasioglossum albipes...... a mining bee Lasius flavus...... an ant Lasioglossum calceatum..... Slender Mining Bee Myrmica rubra...... an ant Lasioglossum fratellum ...... a mining bee Myrmica ruginodis...... an ant Lasioglossum morio...... Brassy Mining Bee Myrmica scabrinodis...... an ant Lasioglossum villosulum ..... Shaggy Mining Bee Anoplius nigerrimus...... a spider-hunter wasp Megachile centuncularis...... Patchwork Leaf-cutter Bee Arachnospila spissa ...... a spider-hunter wasp Megachile willughbiella ...... Willughby's Leaf-cutter Ceropales maculata ...... a spider-hunter wasp Bee Dipogon variegatus ...... a spider-hunter wasp Nomada fabriciana...... Fabricius' Nomad Bee Episyron rufipes ...... Red Legged Spider Wasp Nomada leucophthalma...... a solitary bee Pompilus cinereus...... Leaden Spider Wasp Nomada marshamella...... Marsham's Nomad Bee Priocnemis perturbator ...... a spider-hunter wasp Nomada panzeri...... a solitary bee Ancistrocerus gazella ...... a mason wasp Nomada ruficornis ...... Red-horned Nomad Bee Ancistrocerus parietinus ..... a mason wasp Osmia caerulescens ...... a mason bee Dolichovespula sylvestris.... Tree Wasp Osmia rufa ...... Red Mason Bee Symmorphus gracilis...... a mason wasp Sphecodes geoffrellus ...... a cuckoo bee Vespula germanica...... German Wasp Sphecodes pellucidus...... a cuckoo bee

83 Species

Sawflies Selandria serva Dolerus anticus Dolerus liogaster Dolerus germanicus Heterarthrus aceris Dolerus pratensis Rhadinoceraea micans Dolerus ferrugatus Blennocampa pusilla Loderus vestigialis Fenusa dohrnii Dolerus gonager Aglaostigma aucupariae Dolerus nigratus Aglaostigma fulvipes Dolerus possilensis Tenthredopsis litterata Dolerus puncticollis Tenthredopsis nassata

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 13 INVERTEBRATES Tenthredo maculata Euura amerinae Tenthredo celtica Pontania bridgmanii Tenthredo notha Pontania proxima Macrophya alboannulata Pontania pedunculi Pachyprotasis rapae Pontania viminalis Pristiphora denudata Cephus cultratus

31 Species

Parasitic / Gall Waps Diplolepis eglanteriae Andricus lignicola Diplolepis rosae Andricus quercuscalicis Andricus curvator Andricus solitarius Andricus fecundator Amblyteles armatorius Andricus kollari

9 Species

True Bugs Nepa cinerea Deraeocoris ruber Cymatia bonsdorffii Calocoris alpestris Callicorixa praeusta Calocoris norwegicus Corixa punctata...... Common Water Boatman Calocoris stysi Hesperocorixa castanea Capsus ater Hesperocorixa linnaei Liocoris tripustulatus Hesperocorixa sahlbergi Lygocoris lucorum Sigara nigrolineata Lygocoris pabulinus Sigara limitata Orthops campestris Sigara dorsalis Stenotus binotatus Sigara distincta Leptopterna dolabrata Sigara falleni Leptopterna ferrugata Sigara fossarum Notostira elongata Sigara lateralis Stenodema calcarata Ilyocoris cimicoides Stenodema laevigata Aphelocheirus aestivalis Orthotylus ochrotrichus Notonecta glauca Harpocera thoracica Plea minutissima Plagiognathus arbustorum Hydrometra stagnorum...... Water Measurer Plagiognathus chrysanthemi Microvelia reticulata Anthocoris nemorum Gerris lacustris Chilacis typhae Gerris odontogaster Palomena prasina...... Green Shieldbug Tingis ampliata Pentatoma rufipes ...... Forest Shieldbug Tingis cardui Piezodorus lituratus...... Gorse Shieldbug Monalocoris filicis Troilus luridus Campyloneura virgula Acanthosoma haemorrhoidale Hawthorn Dicyphus epilobii Shieldbug Dicyphus stachydis Elasmostethus interstinctus.Birch Shieldbug Macrolophus pygmaeus Elasmucha grisea...... Parent Bug

57 Species

Planthoppers and Aphids Cercopis vulnerata Eupteryx aurata Aphrophora alni Pemphigus bursarius Philaenus spumarius Livia juncorum Cicadella viridis Psyllopsis fraxini

8 Species

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 14 INVERTEBRATES Mayflies Cloeon dipterum Paraleptophlebia submarginata Ephemera danica

3 Species

Scorpianflies Panorpa germanica Sialis lutaria 2 Species

Lacewings Hemerobius micans Chrysopa perla Hemerobius lutescens

3 Species

Stoneflies Nemoura cinerea Nemurella pictetii

2 Species

Caddisflies Beraea maurus Limnephilus extricatus Hydropsyche angustipennis Limnephilus lunatus Crunoecia irrorata Limnephilus marmoratus Athripsodes aterrimus Limnephilus sparsus Athripsodes cinereus Potamophylax cingulatus Ceraclea fulva Molanna angustata Ceraclea nigronervosa Cyrnus flavidus Mystacides longicornis Cyrnus trimaculatus Oecetis ochracea Holocentropus picicornis Anabolia nervosa Plectrocnemia conspersa Chaetopteryx villosa Lype phaeopa Halesus radiatus Tinodes waeneri

24 Species

Flies Tipulids Cheilotrichia cinerascens Ctenophora pectinicornis Erioconopa trivialis Nephrotoma analis Erioptera fuscipennis Nephrotoma appendiculata Erioptera lutea Nephrotoma crocata Gonempeda flava Nephrotoma flavescens Molophilus appendiculatus Nephrotoma quadrifaria Molophilus griseus Nephrotoma scurra Molophilus obscurus Tipula luna Molophilus pleuralis Tipula maxima Ormosia nodulosa Tipula vittata Symplecta stictica Tipula flavolineata Limnophila schranki Tipula fascipennis Paradelphomyia senilis Tipula vernalis Pseudolimnophila sepium Tipula varipennis Dicranomyia didyma Tipula oleracea Limonia dilutior Tipula paludosa Limonia macrostigma Tipula lateralis Limonia nubeculosa Tipula pierrei Limonia trivittata Tipula pruinosa Bibio hortulanus Bibio johannis Tricyphona immaculata Bibio lanigerus

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 15 INVERTEBRATES Bibio leucopterus Nemotelus pantherinus Bibio marci Nemotelus uliginosus Bibio nigriventris Oxycera rara Dilophus febrilis Chloromyia formosa Orfelia nemoralis Microchrysa polita Macrocera fasciata Sargus bipunctatus Leia fascipennis Oplodontha viridula Brevicornu nigrofuscum Stratiomys potamida Cordyla crassicornis Stratiomys singularior Mycetophila finlandica Sciara hemerobioides Thereva nobilitata Cystiphora sonchi Leptogaster cylindrica Cystiphora taraxaci Dioctria atricapilla Dasineura crataegi Dioctria baumhaueri Dasineura filicina Dioctria rufipes Dasineura fraxinea Hybos culiciformis Dasineura fraxini Leptopeza flavipes Dasineura kiefferiana Ocydromia glabricula Dasineura tortilis Bicellaria pilosa Dasineura urticae Bicellaria vana Hartigiola annulipes Trichina elongata Iteomyia capreae Trichina opaca Iteomyia major Platypalpus albifacies Rabdophaga heterobia Platypalpus annulatus Rabdophaga salicis Platypalpus annulipes Taxomyia taxi Platypalpus leucocephalus Wachtliella persicariae Platypalpus longicornis Psychoda grisescens Platypalpus longiseta Sylvicola cinctus Platypalpus maculipes Sylvicola fenestralis Platypalpus nigritarsis Sylvicola punctatus Platypalpus optivus Ptychoptera albimana Platypalpus pallidiventris Ptychoptera contaminata Platypalpus verralli Ptychoptera lacustris Dolichocephala irrorata Dixa submaculata Empis caudatula Chaoborus flavicans Empis chioptera Culex pipiens Empis nigripes Culiseta annulata Empis nuntia Simulium angustitarse Empis praevia Chironomus plumosus Empis tessellata Cryptochironomus psittacinus Empis livida Tanytarsus sylvaticus Empis trigramma Chrysopilus cristatus Hilara flavipes Rhagio lineola Hilara fuscipes Rhagio scolopaceus Hilara maura Rhagio tringarius Hilara obscura Chrysops caecutiens Rhamphomyia albohirta Rhamphomyia nigripennis Tabanidae Rhamphomyia umbripennis Haematopota crassicornis Rhamphomyia geniculata Haematopota pluvialis Rhamphomyia tarsata Hybomitra bimaculata Rhamphomyia sulcata Achalcus flavicollis Soldierflies Argyra argentina Beris chalybata Argyra argyria Beris geniculata Argyra atriceps Beris vallata Argyra diaphana Chorisops tibialis Chrysotus cilipes Nemotelus nigrinus Chrysotus gramineus Nemotelus notatus Dolichopus festivus

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 16 INVERTEBRATES Dolichopus latilimbatus Epistrophe eligans Dolichopus nubilus Epistrophe grossulariae Dolichopus plumipes Epistrophe nitidicollis Dolichopus popularis Episyrphus balteatus Dolichopus simplex Megasyrphus annulipes Dolichopus subpennatus Eupeodes corollae Dolichopus trivialis Metasyrphus latifasciatus Dolichopus ungulatus Eupeodes luniger Hercostomus aerosus Metasyrphus luniger Hercostomus assimilis Metasyrphus nielseni Poecilobothrus nobilitatus Leucozona glaucia Hydrophorus balticus Leucozona laternaria Scellus notatus Leucozona lucorum Medetera flavipes Melangyna umbellatarum Medetera petrophiloides Meliscaeva auricollis Medetera truncorum Scaeva pyrastri Thrypticus tarsalis Sphaerophoria interrupta Rhaphium appendiculatum Sphaerophoria menthastri Rhaphium caliginosum Sphaerophoria philanthus Rhaphium crassipes Sphaerophoria scripta Rhaphium monotrichum Syrphus ribesii Sciapus platypterus Syrphus torvus Anepsiomyia flaviventris Syrphus vitripennis Campsicnemus curvipes Xanthogramma pedissequum Campsicnemus scambus Cheilosia barbata Sympycnus desoutteri Cheilosia bergenstammi Syntormon denticulatum Cheilosia fraterna Syntormon pallipes Cheilosia illustrata Teuchophorus spinigerellus Cheilosia impressa Opetia nigra Cheilosia honesta Lonchoptera bifurcata Cheilosia pagana Lonchoptera furcata Cheilosia proxima Lonchoptera lutea Cheilosia ranunculi Cheilosia scutellata Hoverflies Ferdinandea cuprea Baccha elongata Portevinia maculata Melanostoma mellinum Rhingia campestris Melanostoma scalare Chrysogaster solstitialis Platycheirus ambiguus Lejogaster metallina Platycheirus albimanus Lejogaster splendida Platycheirus angustatus Chrysogaster hirtella Platycheirus clypeatus Melanogaster hirtella Platycheirus europaeus Neoascia podagrica Platycheirus fulviventris Neoascia tenur Platycheirus immarginatus Neoascia meticulosa Platycheirus manicatus Orthonevra splendens Platycheirus peltatus Sphegina clunipes Platycheirus scambus Anasimyia contracta Platycheirus tarsalis Anasimyia lineata Platycheirus granditarsus Eristalinus sepulchralis Pyrophaena granditarsa Eristalis arbustorum Platycheirus rosarum Eristalis horticola Pyrophaena rosarum Eristalis nemorum Paragus tibialis Eristalis pertinax Chrysotoxum arcuatum Eristalis tenax Chrysotoxum bicinctum Helophilus hybridus Chrysotoxum festivum Helophilus pendulus Dasysyrphus albostriatus Helophilus trivittatus Dasysyrphus tricinctus Mallota cimbiciformis Dasysyrphus venustus Myathropa florea

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 17 INVERTEBRATES Parhelophilus frutetorum Minettia rivosa Eumerus funeralis Sapromyza sexpunctata Eumerus tuberculatus Sapromyza quadripunctata Pipiza noctiluca Tricholauxania praeusta Pipizella varipes Chamaemyia aridella Pipizella viduata Chamaemyia herbarum Triglyphus primus Chamaemyia juncorum Volucella bombylans Neuroctena anilis Volucella pellucens Pherbellia cinerella Volucella zonaria Pherbellia pallidiventris Chalcosyrphus nemorum Tetanura pallidiventris Criorhina floccosa Euthycera fumigata Syritta pipiens Hydromya dorsalis Tropidia scita Limnia unguicornis Xylota abiens Pherbina coryleti Xylota florum Sepedon spinipes Xylota segnis Tetanocera arrogans Verrallia aucta Tetanocera elata Eudorylas jenkinsoni Tetanocera ferruginea Eudorylas subfascipes Tetanocera hyalipennis Eudorylas zonellus Nemopoda nitidula Pipunculus campestris Sepsis cynipsea Tomosvaryella geniculata Sepsis fulgens Tomosvaryella kuthyi Sepsis punctum Tomosvaryella sylvatica Sepsis violacea Calobata petronella Themira lucida Micropeza corrigiolata Themira minor Chamaepsila obscuritarsis Themira superba Psila merdaria Agromyza mobilis Conops quadrifasciatus Agromyza nigrella Dasiops mucronatus Agromyza pseudoreptans Lonchaea chorea Agromyza reptans Setisquamalonchaea fumosa Melanagromyza aeneoventris Palloptera quinquemaculata Ophiomyia cunctata Palloptera scutellata Ophiomyia ranunculicaulis Palloptera umbellatarum Amauromyza flavifrons Palloptera ustulata Calycomyza artemisiae Parapiophila vulgaris Cerodontha scirpi Herina lugubris Cerodontha denticornis Seioptera vibrans Cerodontha fulvipes Urophora stylata Cerodontha atra Noeeta pupillata Cerodontha pygmaea Paroxyna absinthii Chromatomyia fuscula Paroxyna misella Chromatomyia lonicerae Oxyna parietina Chromatomyia milii Tephritis vespertina Chromatomyia nigra Chaetostomella cylindrica Chromatomyia ramosa Terellia tussilaginis Liriomyza artemisicola Terellia serratulae Liriomyza centaureae Xyphosia miliaria Liriomyza eupatorii Acidia cognata Liriomyza flaveola Anomoia purmunda Metopomyza flavonotata Euleia heraclei Napomyza hirticornis Philophylla caesio Napomyza lateralis Calliopum aeneum Phytobia cambii Calliopum simillimum Phytomyza cirsii Meiosimyza decipiens Phytomyza conyzae Meiosimyza rorida Phytomyza heracleana Meiosimyza subfasciata Phytomyza ilicis Minettia plumicornis Phytomyza lappae

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 18 INVERTEBRATES Phytomyza ranunculi Notiphila annulipes Phytomyza spinaciae Notiphila cinerea Phytomyza spondylii Notiphila riparia Phytomyza tussilaginis Pelina aenea Geomyza tripunctata Cleigastra apicalis Opomyza florum Nanna fasciata Opomyza germinationis Nanna flavipes Opomyza petrei Norellisoma spinimanum Anthomyza collini Scathophaga furcata Anthomyza elbergi Scathophaga inquinata Anthomyza gracilis Scathophaga lutaria Anthomyza neglecta Scathophaga stercoraria Asteia concinna Botanophila striolata Madiza glabra Hylemya variata Tethina strobliana Chirosia betuleti Cetema elongatum Egle parva Chlorops hypostigma Delia platura Chlorops scalaris Hydrophoria lancifer Chlorops speciosus Hydrophoria ruralis Meromyza femorata Phorbia sepia Thaumatomyia notata Fannia armata Calamoncosis minima Fannia lepida Dicraeus vagans Fannia mollissima Elachiptera cornuta Fannia pallitibia Oscinella frit Fannia polychaeta Oscinella hortensis Fannia serena Oscinella nigerrima Fannia similis Oscinella nitidissima Fannia sociella Oscinella pusilla Fannia subsimilis Suillia atricornis Coenosia agromyzina Suillia bicolor Coenosia intermedia Suillia notata Coenosia perpusilla Suillia variegata Coenosia pumila Copromyza equina Coenosia rufipalpis Copromyza stercoraria Coenosia testacea Lotophila atra Coenosia tigrina Apteromyia claviventris Lispocephala erythrocera Leptocera fontinalis Macrorchis meditata Leptocera nigra Schoenomyza litorella Rachispoda limosa Limnophora tigrina Rachispoda lutosa Azelia cilipes Opacifrons coxata Azelia nebulosa Pseudocollinella humida Azelia triquetra Drosophila cameraria Drymeia vicana Drosophila phalerata Hydrotaea armipes Drosophila picta Hydrotaea cyrtoneurina Drosophila transversa Hydrotaea dentipes Drosophila andalusiaca Hydrotaea diabolus Scaptomyza pallida Hydrotaea floccosa Diastata fuscula Hydrotaea ignava Ephydra macellaria Hydrotaea irritans Ephydra riparia Hydrotaea meteorica Paracoenia fumosa Hydrotaea militaris Parydra coarctata Hydrotaea similis Parydra littoralis Potamia littoralis Scatella stagnalis Eudasyphora cyanella Scatella tenuicosta Mesembrina meridiana Ditrichophora calceata Morellia hortorum Hydrellia griseola Morellia simplex Hydrellia maura Polietes hirticrus

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 19 INVERTEBRATES Muscina levida Phaonia populi Haematobosca stimulans Phaonia rufiventris Graphomya maculata Phaonia serva Graphomya minor Phaonia subventa Hebecnema nigra Phaonia tuguriorum Hebecnema nigricolor Phaonia valida Hebecnema umbratica Phaonia viarum Hebecnema vespertina Bellardia viarum Mydaea ancilla Calliphora vicina Mydaea corni Calliphora vomitoria Mydaea urbana Protocalliphora azurea Helina calceata Lucilia caesar Helina confinis Lucilia illustris Helina depuncta Lucilia sericata Helina evecta Melanomya nana Helina impuncta Melinda gentilis Helina lasiophthalma Pollenia rudis Helina obscurata Sarcophaga haemorrhoa Helina pertusa Sarcophaga carnaria Helina pubescens Sarcophaga variegata Helina quadrum Eriothrix rufomaculata Helina reversio Lydella stabulans Helina setiventris Phryxe vulgaris Phaonia angelicae Platymya fimbriata Phaonia atriceps Winthemia quadripustulata Phaonia errans Gymnocheta viridis Phaonia fuscata Lydina aenea Phaonia halterata Dexiosoma caninum Phaonia incana Actia pilipennis Phaonia palpata Siphona geniculata

575 Species

Micro-moths Micropterix aruncella Stigmella trimaculella Eriocrania subpurpurella Stigmella floslactella Eriocrania semipurpurella Stigmella tityrella Hepialus humuli...... Ghost Moth Stigmella perpygmaeella Hepialus sylvina...... Orange Swift Stigmella ulmivora Hepialus hecta...... Gold Swift Stigmella hemargyrella Hepialus lupulinus...... Common Swift Stigmella atricapitella Hepialus fusconebulosa...... Map-winged Swift Stigmella ruficapitella Ectoedemia decentella Stigmella tiliae Ectoedemia argyropeza Stigmella anomalella...... Rose Leaf Miner Ectoedemia angulifasciella Stigmella hybnerella Ectoedemia atricollis Stigmella oxyacanthella Ectoedemia arcuatella Stigmella nylandriella Ectoedemia occultella Stigmella crataegella Ectoedemia minimella Stigmella microtheriella Ectoedemia albifasciella Stigmella luteella Ectoedemia subbimaculella Stigmella glutinosae Bohemannia pulverosella Stigmella alnetella Ectoedemia septembrella Stigmella lapponica Stigmella aurella Stigmella confusella Stigmella lemniscella Pseudopostega crepusculella Stigmella speciosa Tischeria ekebladella Stigmella sorbi Emmetia marginea Stigmella plagicolella Incurvaria masculella Stigmella salicis Nematopogon schwarziellus Stigmella obliquella Nemophora degeerella

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 20 INVERTEBRATES Adela reaumurella Phyllonorycter esperella Adela rufimitrella Phyllonorycter quinnata Heliozela sericiella Phyllonorycter strigulatella Heliozela resplendella Phyllonorycter rajella Zeuzera pyrina...... Leopard Moth Phyllonorycter lautella Adscita statices...... Forester Phyllonorycter schreberella Zygaena filipendulae ...... Six-spot Burnet Phyllonorycter ulmifoliella Zygaena lonicerae...... Narrow-bordered Five-spot Phyllonorycter tristrigella Burnet Phyllonorycter stettinensis Diplodoma laichartingella Phyllonorycter froelichiella Taleporia tubulosa Phyllonorycter nicellii Nemapogon cloacella...... Cork Moth Phyllonorycter kleemannella Nemaxera betulinella Phyllonorycter acerifoliella Monopis laevigella...... Skin Moth Phyllonorycter platanoidella Monopis obviella Phyllonorycter geniculella Monopis imella Phyllocnistis unipunctella Trichophaga tapetzella ...... Tapestry Moth Anthophila fabriciana Tineola bisselliella...... Common Clothes Moth Glyphipterix simpliciella...... Cocksfoot Moth Tinea pellionella...... Case-bearing Clothes Glyphipterix fuscoviridella Moth Glyphipterix thrasonella Tinea pallescentella...... Large Pale Clothes Moth Argyresthia brockeella Tinea semifulvella Argyresthia goedartella Tinea trinotella Argyresthia pygmaeella Ochsenheimeria vacculella Argyresthia curvella Leucoptera laburnella...... Laburnum Leaf Miner Argyresthia retinella Leucoptera malifoliella...... Pear Leaf Blister Moth Argyresthia conjugella...... Apple Fruit Moth Lyonetia clerkella ...... Apple Leaf Miner Argyresthia semifusca Bedellia somnulentella Argyresthia bonnetella Bucculatrix nigricomella Argyresthia semitestacella Bucculatrix cidarella Yponomeuta evonymella..... Bird-cherry Ermine Bucculatrix thoracella Yponomeuta padella...... Orchard Ermine Bucculatrix ulmella Yponomeuta cagnagella ..... Spindle Ermine Bucculatrix bechsteinella Swammerdamia caesiella Caloptilia elongella Swammerdamia pyrella Caloptilia rufipennella Paraswammerdamia albicapitella Caloptilia alchimiella Paraswammerdamia nebulella Caloptilia stigmatella Cedestis gysseleniella Caloptilia syringella Prays fraxinella...... Ash Bud Moth Aspilapteryx tringipennella Ypsolopha dentella...... Honeysuckle Moth Parornix betulae Ypsolopha scabrella Parornix anglicella Ypsolopha parenthesella Parornix devoniella Ypsolopha ustella Parornix finitimella Ypsolopha vittella Deltaornix torquillella Plutella xylostella...... Diamond-back Moth Callisto denticulella Eidophasia messingiella Acrocercops brongniardella Acrolepia autumnitella Phyllonorycter harrisella Phaulernis fulviguttella Phyllonorycter heegeriella Epermenia chaerophyllella Phyllonorycter quercifoliella Schreckensteinia festaliella Phyllonorycter messaniella Coleophora lutipennella Phyllonorycter oxyacanthae Coleophora gryphipennella Phyllonorycter sorbi Coleophora flavipennella Phyllonorycter blancardella Coleophora serratella Phyllonorycter spinicolella Coleophora coracipennella Phyllonorycter cerasicolella Coleophora spinella...... Apple & Plum Case-bearer Phyllonorycter leucographella Firethorn Leaf Miner Coleophora trigeminella Phyllonorycter salictella Coleophora lusciniaepennella Phyllonorycter salicicolella Coleophora orbitella Phyllonorycter maestingella Coleophora trifolii...... Large Clover Case-bearer Phyllonorycter coryli ...... Nut Leaf Blister Moth Coleophora mayrella

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 21 INVERTEBRATES Coleophora laricella...... Larch Case-bearer Mompha sturnipennella Coleophora albidella Mompha epilobiella Coleophora anatipennella... Pistol Case-bearer Limnaecia phragmitella Coleophora currucipennella Blastodacna hellerella Coleophora ibipennella Blastodacna atra...... Apple Pith Moth Coleophora betulella Scythris picaepennis Coleophora albicosta Cochylimorpha straminea Coleophora discordella Agapeta hamana Coleophora peribenanderi Agapeta zoegana Coleophora paripennella Aethes rubigana Coleophora therinella Aethes smeathmanniana Coleophora argentula Eupoecilia angustana Coleophora obscenella Cochylidia implicitana Coleophora artemisicolella Cochylis dubitana Coleophora glaucicolella Cochylis atricapitana Coleophora tamesis Cochylis nana Coleophora caespititiella Pandemis corylana...... Chequered Fruit-tree Elachista albifrontella Tortrix Elachista rufocinerea Pandemis cerasana...... Barred Fruit-tree Tortrix Elachista maculicerusella Pandemis heparana...... Dark Fruit-tree Tortrix Elachista argentella Argyrotaenia ljungiana Hofmannophila pseudospretella Brown House Moth Archips podana ...... Large Fruit-tree Tortrix Endrosis sarcitrella...... White-shouldered House Archips xylosteana...... Variegated Golden Tortrix Moth Syndemis musculana Esperia sulphurella Aphelia paleana...... Timothy Tortrix Carcina quercana Clepsis senecionana Diurnea fagella Clepsis spectrana...... Cyclamen Tortrix Depressaria heraclei ...... Parsnip Moth Clepsis consimilana Depressaria pastinacella .... Parsnip Moth Epiphyas postvittana...... Light Brown Apple Moth Agonopterix heracliana Ptycholoma lecheana Agonopterix subpropinquella Lozotaeniodes formosanus Agonopterix propinquella Lozotaenia forsterana Agonopterix arenella Ditula angustiorana...... Red-barred Tortrix Agonopterix angelicella Pseudargyrotoza conwagana Metzneria lappella Isotrias rectifasciana Metzneria metzneriella Eulia ministrana Monochroa lucidella Cnephasia stephensiana..... Grey Tortrix Recurvaria nanella Cnephasia asseclana...... Flax Tortrix Exoteleia dodecella Cnephasia incertana...... Light Grey Tortrix Teleiodes vulgella Tortricodes alternella Carpatolechia notatella Neosphaleroptera nubilana Carpatolechia proximella Eana incanana Carpatolechia fugitivella Aleimma loeflingiana Teleiodes luculella Tortrix viridana...... Green Oak Tortrix Gelechia sororculella Acleris bergmanniana Scrobipalpa costella Acleris forsskaleana Scrobipalpa acuminatella Acleris holmiana Psoricoptera gibbosella Acleris laterana Brachmia blandella Acleris comariana...... Strawberry Tortrix Helcystogramma rufescens Acleris sparsana Blastobasis adustella Acleris rhombana...... Rhomboid Tortrix Blastobasis lignea Acleris variegana...... Garden Rose Tortrix Blastobasis lacticolella Acleris emargana Batrachedra pinicolella Celypha striana Mompha langiella Celypha rosaceana Mompha raschkiella Celypha lacunana Mompha conturbatella Hedya dimidioalba Mompha ochraceella Hedya nubiferana...... Marbled Orchard Tortrix Mompha jurassicella Hedya salicella Mompha nodicolella Apotomis turbidana

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 22 INVERTEBRATES Apotomis betuletana Chrysoteuchia culmella...... Garden Grass-veneer Endothenia gentianaeana Crambus pascuella Endothenia marginana Crambus lathoniellus Endothenia pullana Crambus perlella Endothenia quadrimaculana Agriphila straminella Lobesia abscisana Agriphila tristella Bactra furfurana Agriphila latistria Bactra lancealana Agriphila geniculea Ancylis achatana Catoptria margaritella...... Pearl-band Grass Veneer Ancylis badiana Catoptria falsella Epinotia subocellana Donacaula forficella Epinotia bilunana Acentria ephemerella...... Water Veneer Epinotia immundana Scoparia subfusca Epinotia nisella Scoparia pyralella Epinotia tenerana...... Nut Bud Moth Scoparia ambigualis Epinotia abbreviana Dipleurina lacustrata Epinotia brunnichana Eudonia truncicolella Rhopobota naevana...... Holly Tortrix Eudonia angustea Zeiraphera isertana Eudonia mercurella Zeiraphera griseana ...... Larch Tortrix Elophila nymphaeata ...... Brown China-mark Gypsonoma sociana Parapoynx stratiotata...... Ringed China-mark Gypsonoma dealbana Nymphula stagnata...... Beautiful China-mark Epiblema cynosbatella Cataclysta lemnata...... Small China-mark Epiblema uddmanniana...... Bramble Shoot Moth Evergestis forficalis...... Garden Pebble Epiblema trimaculana Eurrhypara hortulata...... Small Magpie Epiblema rosaecolana Phlyctaenia coronata Epiblema turbidana Phlyctaenia perlucidalis Epiblema foenella Udea lutealis Epiblema scutulana Udea prunalis Epiblema cirsiana Udea olivalis Eucosma campoliliana Udea ferrugalis...... Rusty-dot Pearl Eucosma hohenwartiana Nomophila noctuella ...... Rush Veneer Eucosma cana Pleuroptya ruralis...... Mother of Pearl Spilonota ocellana...... Bud Moth Hypsopygia costalis...... Gold Triangle Spilonota laricana Orthopygia glaucinalis Clavigesta purdeyi...... Pine Leaf-mining Moth Pyralis farinalis...... Meal Moth Rhyacionia pinicolana Aglossa pinguinalis...... Large Tabby Thaumatotibia leucotreta.... False Codling Moth Achroia grisella...... Lesser Wax Moth Enarmonia formosana ...... Cherry Bark Moth Aphomia sociella ...... Bee Moth Lathronympha strigana Trachycera suavella Pammene splendidulana Trachycera advenella Pammene argyrana Ortholepis betulae Pammene aurita Pyla fusca Pammene regiana Phycita roborella Pammene fasciana Myelois circumvoluta ...... Thistle Ermine Pammene rhediella ...... Fruitlet Mining Tortrix Euzophera pinguis Grapholita compositella Ephestia elutella...... Cacao Moth Grapholita jungiella Phycitodes binaevella Grapholita lunulana Phycitodes saxicola Cydia succedana Amblyptilia acanthadactyla Cydia ulicetana Platyptilia gonodactyla Cydia splendana Platyptilia ochrodactyla Cydia pomonella ...... Codling Moth Platyptilia pallidactyla Pammene aurana Pterophorus pentadactyla ... White Plume Moth Dichrorampha montanana Adaina microdactyla Dichrorampha plumbana Hellinsia osteodactylus Alucita hexadactyla ...... Twenty-plume Moth Oidaematophorus lithodactyla Chilo phragmitella Emmelina monodactyla

404 Species

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 23 INVERTEBRATES

Butterflies Thymelicus sylvestris...... Small Skipper Celastrina argiolus...... Holly Blue Ochlodes faunus ...... Large Skipper Vanessa atalanta...... Red Admiral Erynnis tages...... Dingy Skipper Vanessa cardui ...... Painted Lady Colias croceus ...... Clouded Yellow Aglais urticae ...... Small Tortoiseshell Gonepteryx rhamni...... Brimstone Inachis io...... Peacock Pieris brassicae...... Large White Polygonia c-album...... Comma Pieris rapae...... Small White Argynnis aglaja...... Dark Green Fritillary Pieris napi...... Green-veined White Pararge aegeria...... Speckled Wood Anthocharis cardamines ..... Orange-tip Lasiommata megera...... Wall Neozephyrus quercus...... Purple Hairstreak Hipparchia semele...... Grayling Satyrium w-album ...... White-letter Hairstreak Pyronia tithonus...... Gatekeeper Lycaena phlaeas...... Small Copper Maniola jurtina...... Meadow Brown Polyommatus icarus...... Common Blue Coenonympha pamphilus ... Small Heath

26 Species

Macro-moths Sesia bembeciformis...... Lunar Hornet Moth Xanthorhoe ferrugata...... Dark-barred Twin-spot Poecilocampa populi ...... December Moth Carpet Eriogaster lanestris...... Small Eggar Xanthorhoe montanata ...... Silver-ground Carpet Lasiocampa quercus ...... Oak Eggar Xanthorhoe fluctuata...... Garden Carpet Euthrix potatoria...... Drinker Scotopteryx chenopodiata... Shaded Broad-bar Saturnia pavonia...... Emperor Moth Epirrhoe alternata...... Common Carpet Falcaria lacertinaria...... Scalloped Hook-tip Epirrhoe galiata ...... Galium Carpet Watsonalla binaria...... Oak Hook-tip Camptogramma bilineata.... Yellow Shell Watsonalla cultraria...... Barred Hook-tip Anticlea badiata...... Shoulder Stripe Drepana falcataria...... Pebble Hook-tip Anticlea derivata...... Streamer Cilix glaucata...... Chinese Character Mesoleuca albicillata...... Beautiful Carpet Thyatira batis ...... Peach Blossom Pelurga comitata...... Dark Spinach Habrosyne pyritoides...... Buff Arches Lampropteryx suffumata ..... Water Carpet Tethea ocularis ...... Figure of Eighty Eulithis prunata...... Phoenix Ochropacha duplaris ...... Common Lutestring Eulithis testata...... Chevron Achlya flavicornis ...... Yellow Horned Eulithis populata...... Northern Spinach Archiearis parthenias...... Orange Underwing Eulithis mellinata...... Spinach Alsophila aescularia ...... March Moth Eulithis pyraliata ...... Barred Straw Pseudoterpna pruinata ...... Grass Emerald Ecliptopera silaceata...... Small Phoenix Geometra papilionaria ...... Large Emerald Chloroclysta siterata ...... Red-green Carpet Comibaena bajularia ...... Blotched Emerald Chloroclysta miata...... Autumn Green Carpet Hemithea aestivaria...... Common Emerald Chloroclysta citrata...... Dark Marbled Carpet Jodis lactearia...... Little Emerald Chloroclysta truncata...... Common Marbled Carpet Timandra comae...... Blood-vein Cidaria fulvata ...... Barred Yellow Scopula imitaria...... Small Blood-vein Plemyria rubiginata...... Blue-bordered Carpet Scopula floslactata...... Cream Wave Thera firmata...... Pine Carpet Idaea sylvestraria...... Dotted Border Wave Thera obeliscata...... Grey Pine Carpet Idaea biselata...... Small Fan-footed Wave Thera britannica ...... Spruce Carpet Idaea fuscovenosa...... Dwarf Cream Wave Thera juniperata ...... Juniper Carpet Idaea seriata...... Small Dusty Wave Electrophaes corylata ...... Broken-barred Carpet Idaea dimidiata...... Single-dotted Wave Colostygia pectinataria...... Green Carpet Idaea subsericeata...... Satin Wave Hydriomena furcata ...... July Highflyer Idaea aversata...... Riband Wave Hydriomena impluviata ...... May Highflyer Idaea straminata ...... Plain Wave Rheumaptera undulata ...... Scallop Shell Rhodometra sacraria...... Vestal Triphosa dubitata...... Tissue Orthonama vittata...... Oblique Carpet Epirrita dilutata ...... November Moth Orthonama obstipata...... Gem Operophtera brumata...... Winter Moth Xanthorhoe biriviata ...... Balsam Carpet Perizoma affinitata...... Rivulet Xanthorhoe designata ...... Flame Carpet Perizoma alchemillata...... Small Rivulet Xanthorhoe spadicearia...... Red Twin-spot Carpet Perizoma albulata...... Grass Rivulet Perizoma flavofasciata...... Sandy Carpet

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 24 INVERTEBRATES Perizoma didymata...... Twin-spot Carpet Odontopera bidentata...... Scalloped Hazel Eupithecia linariata...... Toadflax Pug Crocallis elinguaria ...... Scalloped Oak Eupithecia pulchellata...... Foxglove Pug Ourapteryx sambucaria...... Swallow-tailed Moth Eupithecia exiguata...... Mottled Pug Colotois pennaria...... Feathered Thorn Eupithecia valerianata ...... Valerian Pug Phigalia pilosaria ...... Pale Brindled Beauty Eupithecia pygmaeata...... Marsh Pug Lycia hirtaria...... Brindled Beauty Eupithecia centaureata...... Lime-speck Pug Biston strataria ...... Oak Beauty Eupithecia trisignaria...... Triple-spotted Pug Biston betularia...... Peppered Moth Eupithecia intricata...... Freyer's Pug Agriopis leucophaearia ...... Spring Usher Eupithecia satyrata...... Satyr Pug Agriopis aurantiaria...... Scarce Umber Eupithecia absinthiata ...... Wormwood Pug Agriopis marginaria...... Dotted Border Eupithecia assimilata...... Currant Pug Erannis defoliaria...... Mottled Umber Eupithecia vulgata...... Common Pug Menophra abruptaria ...... Waved Umber Eupithecia tripunctaria...... White-spotted Pug Peribatodes rhomboidaria... Willow Beauty Eupithecia subfuscata ...... Grey Pug Deileptenia ribeata...... Satin Beauty Eupithecia icterata...... Tawny Speckled Pug Alcis repandata...... Mottled Beauty Eupithecia succenturiata..... Bordered Pug Ectropis bistortata...... Engrailed Eupithecia simpliciata...... Plain Pug Ectropis crepuscularia...... Small Engrailed Eupithecia indigata...... Ochreous Pug Aethalura punctulata...... Grey Birch Eupithecia nanata ...... Narrow-winged Pug Bupalus piniaria...... Bordered White Eupithecia virgaureata...... Golden-rod Pug Cabera pusaria...... Common White Wave Eupithecia abbreviata...... Brindled Pug Cabera exanthemata ...... Common Wave Eupithecia dodoneata...... Oak-tree Pug Lomographa bimaculata...... White-pinion Spotted Eupithecia pusillata ...... Juniper Pug Lomographa temerata...... Clouded Silver Eupithecia tantillaria ...... Dwarf Pug Theria primaria...... Early Moth Chloroclystis v-ata...... V-Pug Campaea margaritata...... Light Emerald Pasiphila chloerata...... Sloe Pug Aspitates gilvaria ...... Straw Belle Pasiphila rectangulata ...... Green Pug Agrius convolvuli...... Convolvulus Hawk-moth Gymnoscelis rufifasciata..... Double-striped Pug Acherontia atropos...... Death's-head Hawk-moth Chesias legatella...... Streak Mimas tiliae...... Lime Hawk-moth Aplocera plagiata ...... Treble-bar Smerinthus ocellata...... Eyed Hawk-moth Aplocera plagiata scotica.... Treble-bar Laothoe populi...... Poplar Hawk-moth Aplocera efformata...... Lesser Treble-bar Macroglossum stellatarum .. Humming-bird Hawk-moth Odezia atrata ...... Chimney Sweeper Deilephila elpenor...... Elephant Hawk-moth Venusia cambrica...... Welsh Wave Deilephila porcellus...... Small Elephant Hawk-moth Euchoeca nebulata...... Dingy Shell Phalera bucephala...... Buff-tip Asthena albulata ...... Small White Wave Cerura vinula...... Puss Moth Hydrelia flammeolaria...... Small Yellow Wave Furcula bicuspis ...... Alder Kitten Lobophora halterata ...... Seraphim Furcula furcula...... Sallow Kitten Trichopteryx carpinata...... Early Tooth-striped Furcula bifida...... Poplar Kitten Acasis viretata...... Yellow-barred Brindle Notodonta dromedarius ...... Iron Prominent Abraxas grossulariata...... Magpie Moth Notodonta ziczac...... Pebble Prominent Abraxas sylvata...... Clouded Magpie Peridea anceps ...... Great Prominent Lomaspilis marginata...... Clouded Border Pheosia gnoma ...... Lesser Swallow Prominent Macaria liturata ...... Tawny-barred Angle Pheosia tremula ...... Swallow Prominent Chiasmia clathrata...... Latticed Heath Ptilodon capucina...... Coxcomb Prominent Macaria wauaria...... V-Moth Pterostoma palpina...... Pale Prominent Petrophora chlorosata ...... Brown Silver-line Drymonia ruficornis...... Lunar Marbled Brown Plagodis dolabraria...... Scorched Wing Clostera curtula ...... Chocolate-tip Pachycnemia hippocastanaria Horse Chestnut Diloba caeruleocephala ...... Figure of Eight Opisthograptis luteolata...... Brimstone Moth Orgyia antiqua...... Vapourer Epione repandaria...... Bordered Beauty Calliteara pudibunda...... Pale Tussock Apeira syringaria...... Lilac Beauty Euproctis similis...... Yellow-tail Ennomos quercinaria...... August Thorn Leucoma salicis...... White Satin Ennomos alniaria ...... Canary-shouldered Thorn Thumatha senex...... Round-winged Muslin Ennomos fuscantaria...... Dusky Thorn Atolmis rubricollis...... Red-necked Footman Ennomos erosaria...... September Thorn Cybosia mesomella ...... Four-dotted Footman Selenia dentaria...... Early Thorn Eilema complana...... Scarce Footman Selenia lunularia...... Lunar Thorn Eilema depressa...... Buff Footman Selenia tetralunaria ...... Purple Thorn Eilema lurideola...... Common Footman

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 25 INVERTEBRATES Arctia caja...... Garden Tiger Cerapteryx graminis...... Antler Moth Spilosoma lubricipeda ...... White Ermine Tholera decimalis ...... Feathered Gothic Spilosoma luteum...... Buff Ermine Panolis flammea...... Pine Beauty Diaphora mendica...... Muslin Moth Orthosia cruda...... Small Quaker Phragmatobia fuliginosa ..... Ruby Tiger Orthosia opima...... Northern Drab Tyria jacobaeae...... Cinnabar Orthosia gracilis...... Powdered Quaker Nola cucullatella...... Short-cloaked Moth Orthosia cerasi ...... Common Quaker Nola confusalis...... Least Black Arches Orthosia incerta...... Clouded Drab Euxoa tritici ...... White-line Dart Orthosia munda...... Twin-spotted Quaker Euxoa nigricans...... Garden Dart Orthosia gothica ...... Hebrew Character Agrotis vestigialis ...... Archer's Dart Mythimna conigera ...... Brown-line Bright Eye Agrotis segetum...... Turnip Moth Mythimna ferrago...... Clay Agrotis clavis...... Heart and Club Mythimna straminea ...... Southern Wainscot Agrotis exclamationis...... Heart and Dart Mythimna impura...... Smoky Wainscot Agrotis ipsilon...... Dark Sword-grass Mythimna pallens...... Common Wainscot Agrotis puta...... Shuttle-shaped Dart Mythimna comma ...... Shoulder-striped Wainscot Axylia putris ...... Flame Cucullia chamomillae...... Chamomile Shark Ochropleura plecta...... Flame Shoulder Cucullia umbratica...... Shark Rhyacia simulans...... Dotted Rustic Brachylomia viminalis ...... Minor Shoulder-knot Noctua pronuba...... Large Yellow Underwing Aporophyla lutulenta...... Deep-brown Dart Noctua comes...... Lesser Yellow Underwing Aporophyla nigra ...... Black Rustic Noctua fimbriata...... Broad-bordered Yellow Lithophane hepatica ...... Pale Pinion Underwing Lithophane leautieri ...... Blair's Shoulder-knot Noctua janthe...... Lesser Broad-bordered Xylena vetusta...... Red Sword-grass Yellow Underwing Xylena exsoleta...... Sword-grass Noctua interjecta...... Least Yellow Underwing Xylocampa areola...... Early Grey Graphiphora augur ...... Double Dart Allophyes oxyacanthae...... Green-brindled Crescent Eugnorisma glareosa...... Autumnal Rustic Dichonia aprilina...... Merveille du Jour Lycophotia porphyrea...... True Lover's Knot Dryobotodes eremita ...... Brindled Green Peridroma saucia ...... Pearly Underwing Blepharita adusta...... Dark Brocade Diarsia mendica ...... Ingrailed Clay Polymixis flavicincta...... Large Ranunculus Diarsia dahlii ...... Barred Chestnut Antitype chi...... Grey Chi Diarsia brunnea...... Purple Clay Eupsilia transversa ...... Satellite Diarsia rubi...... Small Square-spot Conistra vaccinii ...... Chestnut Xestia c-nigrum...... Setaceous Hebrew Conistra ligula ...... Dark Chestnut Character Agrochola circellaris...... Brick Xestia triangulum ...... Double Square-spot Agrochola lota ...... Red-line Quaker Xestia baja...... Dotted Clay Agrochola macilenta ...... Yellow-line Quaker Xestia castanea...... Neglected Rustic Agrochola helvola...... Flounced Chestnut Xestia sexstrigata...... Six-striped Rustic Agrochola litura ...... Brown-spot Pinion Xestia xanthographa ...... Square-spot Rustic Agrochola lychnidis...... Beaded Chestnut Xestia agathina ...... Heath Rustic Parastichtis suspecta...... Suspected Naenia typica...... Gothic Atethmia centrago ...... Centre-barred Sallow Eurois occulta ...... Great Brocade Omphaloscelis lunosa...... Lunar Underwing Anaplectoides prasina ...... Green Arches Xanthia citrago ...... Orange Sallow Cerastis rubricosa ...... Red Chestnut Xanthia aurago...... Barred Sallow Discestra trifolii...... Nutmeg Xanthia togata ...... Pink-barred Sallow Hada plebeja...... Shears Xanthia icteritia...... Sallow Polia nebulosa ...... Grey Arches Xanthia gilvago...... Dusky-lemon Sallow Mamestra brassicae...... Cabbage Moth Acronicta megacephala ...... Poplar Grey Melanchra persicariae ...... Dot Moth Acronicta leporina...... Miller Lacanobia contigua...... Beautiful Brocade Acronicta alni...... Alder Moth Lacanobia thalassina...... Pale-shouldered Brocade Acronicta tridens...... Dark Dagger Lacanobia suasa...... Dog's Tooth Acronicta psi...... Grey Dagger Lacanobia oleracea...... Bright-line Brown-eye Acronicta tridens/psi ...... Dark / Grey Dagger Melanchra pisi...... Broom Moth Acronicta rumicis...... Knot Grass Hecatera bicolorata...... Broad-barred White Cryphia domestica...... Marbled Beauty Hadena rivularis...... Campion Amphipyra pyramidea...... Copper Underwing Hadena perplexa...... Tawny Shears Amphipyra berbera svenssoni Svensson's Copper Hadena bicruris...... Lychnis Underwing

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 26 INVERTEBRATES Amphipyra tragopoginis...... Mouse Moth Archanara dissoluta...... Brown-veined Wainscot Mormo maura...... Old Lady Rhizedra lutosa ...... Large Wainscot Dypterygia scabriuscula...... Bird's Wing Coenobia rufa...... Small Rufous Rusina ferruginea...... Brown Rustic Charanyca trigrammica...... Treble Lines Thalpophila matura...... Straw Underwing Hoplodrina alsines...... Uncertain Euplexia lucipara...... Small Angle Shades Hoplodrina blanda ...... Rustic Phlogophora meticulosa ..... Angle Shades Spodoptera exigua ...... Small Mottled Willow Ipimorpha subtusa...... Olive Caradrina morpheus...... Mottled Rustic Parastichtis ypsillon...... Dingy Shears Paradrina clavipalpis...... Pale Mottled Willow Cosmia diffinis...... White-spotted Pinion Chilodes maritimus...... Silky Wainscot Cosmia trapezina ...... Dun-bar Panemeria tenebrata ...... Small Yellow Underwing Apamea monoglypha...... Dark Arches Helicoverpa armigera...... Scarce Bordered Straw Apamea lithoxylaea...... Light Arches Heliothis peltigera...... Bordered Straw Apamea crenata...... Clouded-bordered Brindle Deltote uncula ...... Silver Hook Apamea epomidion ...... Clouded Brindle Bena bicolorana ...... Scarce Silver-lines Apamea remissa...... Dusky Brocade Pseudoips prasinana ...... Green Silver-lines Apamea unanimis ...... Small Clouded Brindle Nycteola revayana...... Oak Nycteoline Apamea sordens...... Rustic Shoulder-knot Diachrysia chrysitis...... Burnished Brass Apamea scolopacina...... Slender Brindle Polychrysia moneta ...... Golden Plusia Apamea ophiogramma ...... Double Lobed Plusia festucae...... Gold Spot Oligia strigilis...... Marbled Minor Autographa gamma...... Silver Y Oligia versicolor...... Rufous Minor Autographa pulchrina...... Beautiful Golden Y Oligia latruncula ...... Tawny Marbled Minor Autographa jota...... Plain Golden Y Oligia fasciuncula...... Middle-barred Minor Autographa bractea...... Gold Spangle Mesoligia furuncula ...... Cloaked Minor Abrostola triplasia...... Dark Spectacle Mesoligia literosa ...... Rosy Minor Abrostola tripartita ...... Spectacle Mesapamea secalis...... Common Rustic Catocala nupta...... Red Underwing Mesapamea didyma...... Lesser Common Rustic Callistege mi...... Mother Shipton Photedes minima ...... Small Dotted Buff Euclidia glyphica...... Burnet Companion Chortodes pygmina...... Small Wainscot Lygephila pastinum...... Blackneck Luperina testacea...... Flounced Rustic Scoliopteryx libatrix...... Herald Amphipoea oculea...... Ear Moth Laspeyria flexula...... Beautiful Hook-tip Hydraecia micacea...... Rosy Rustic Rivula sericealis...... Straw Dot Hydraecia petasitis...... Butterbur Hypena proboscidalis...... Snout Gortyna flavago...... Frosted Orange Schrankia costaestrigalis .... Pinion-streaked Snout Celaena leucostigma...... Crescent Zanclognatha tarsipennalis .Fan-foot Nonagria typhae...... Bulrush Wainscot Herminia grisealis...... Small Fan-foot

390 Species

Dragonflies and Damselflies Calopteryx virgo...... Beautiful Demoiselle Aeshna cyanea...... Southern Hawker Calopteryx splendens...... Banded Demoiselle Aeshna mixta ...... Migrant Hawker Lestes sponsa...... Emerald Damselfly Anax imperator...... Emperor Dragonfly Pyrrhosoma nymphula...... Large Red Damselfly Libellula depressa...... Broad-bodied Chaser Ischnura elegans...... Blue-tailed Damselfly Libellula quadrimaculata ..... Four-spotted Chaser Enallagma cyathigerum...... Common Blue Damselfly Orthetrum cancellatum...... Black-tailed Skimmer Coenagrion puella...... Azure Damselfly Sympetrum striolatum...... Common Darter Erythromma najas...... Red-eyed Damselfly Sympetrum flaveolum...... Yellow-winged Darter Brachytron pratense...... Hairy Dragonfly Sympetrum sanguineum..... Ruddy Darter Aeshna juncea...... Common Hawker Sympetrum danae ...... Black Darter Aeshna grandis...... Brown Hawker

21 Species

Earwigs Labia minor...... Lesser Earwig Forficula auricularia ...... Common Earwig

2 Species

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 27 INVERTEBRATES Grasshopper, Crickets and Groundhoppers Meconema thalassinum...... Oak Bush Cricket Chorthippus brunneus...... Common Field Tetrix subulata ...... Slender Ground Hopper Grasshopper Tetrix undulata...... Common Ground Hopper Chorthippus parallelus ...... Meadow Grasshopper Omocestus viridulus...... Common Green Grasshopper

6 Species

Amphipods Crangonyx pseudogracilis Gammarus pulex

2 Species

Wood and Water Louse Armadillidium vulgare...... Common pill woodlouse Porcellio scaber...... Common rough woodlouse Oniscus asellus...... Common shiny woodlouse Trichoniscus pusillus...... Common pygmy Philoscia muscorum ...... Common striped woodlouse woodlouse Asellus aquaticus...... A waterlouse

6 Species

Spiders Anelosimus vittatus Erigone atra Theridion impressum Drepanotylus uncatus Theridion pictum Porrhomma pygmaeum Paidiscura pallens Agyneta subtilis Theridion pallens Meioneta rurestris Pholcomma gibbum Microneta viaria Ceratinella brevis Tallusia experta Walckenaeria acuminata Centromerita bicolor Walckenaeria nodosa Bathyphantes approximatus Walckenaeria unicornis Bathyphantes gracilis Walckenaeria cuspidata Bathyphantes nigrinus Dicymbium nigrum Kaestneria dorsalis Dicymbium tibiale Kaestneria pullata Entelecara erythropus Diplostyla concolor Hylyphantes graminicola Poeciloneta variegata Gnathonarium dentatum Drapetisca socialis Tmeticus affinis Floronia bucculenta Hypomma bituberculatum Lepthyphantes minutus Maso sundevalli Lepthyphantes alacris Oedothorax gibbosus Lepthyphantes obscurus Oedothorax fuscus Lepthyphantes tenuis Oedothorax agrestis Lepthyphantes zimmermanni Oedothorax apicatus Lepthyphantes tenebricola Cnephalocotes obscurus Linyphia triangularis Tiso vagans Linyphia hortensis Tapinocyba praecox Neriene montana Tapinocyba insecta Neriene clathrata Monocephalus fuscipes Neriene radiata Lophomma punctatum Microlinyphia pusilla Gongylidiellum vivum Allomengea vidua Micrargus apertus Tetragnatha extensa Savignia frontata Tetragnatha montana Diplocephalus permixtus Tetragnatha striata Diplocephalus latifrons Pachygnatha clercki Typhochrestus digitatus Pachygnatha degeeri Milleriana inerrans Metellina mengei Erigone dentipalpis Metellina merianae

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 28 INVERTEBRATES Araneus diadematus Dictyna uncinata Araneus quadratus Amaurobius fenestralis Larinioides cornutus Clubiona reclusa Nuctenea umbratica Clubiona phragmitis Araniella opisthographa Clubiona neglecta sens. str. Zygiella x-notata Clubiona lutescens Pardosa palustris Clubiona comta Pardosa pullata Clubiona brevipes Pardosa amentata Clubiona diversa Alopecosa pulverulenta Cheiracanthium virescens Trochosa ruricola Philodromus cespitum Trochosa terricola Xysticus cristatus Arctosa alpigena Ozyptila praticola Pirata piraticus Salticus scenicus Pisaura mirabilis Salticus cingulatus Antistea elegans Nemastoma bimaculatum Hahnia helveola Mitopus morio Dictyna arundinacea Dicranopalpus ramosus

110 Species

Mites Aceria pseudoplatani Eriophyes pyri Eriophyes laevis Eriophyes tiliae

2 Species

Centipedes and Millipedes Lithobius forficatus Cylindroiulus caeruleocinctus.a millipede Lithobius variegatus Cylindroiulus punctatus...... Blunt-tailed Snake- Proteroiulus fuscus...... Snake-millipede millipede Ommatoiulus sabulosus ..... Striped Millipede Ophyiulus pilosus ...... a millipede Tachypodoiulus niger ...... White-legged Snake- Polydesmus angustus...... Common Flat-backed millipede Millipede

9 Species

Leeches Erpobdella octoculata Glossiphonia heteroclita Piscicola geometra Glossiphonia complanata Theromyzon tessulatum Helobdella stagnalis

6 Species

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 29 INVERTEBRATES

Snails and Slugs Unio pictorum...... Painter's Mussel Valvata cristata...... Flat Valve Snail Unio tumidus...... Swollen River Mussel Valvata piscinalis...... Common Valve Snail Anodonta cygnea...... Swan Mussel Potamopyrgus antipodarum Jenkins' Spire Snail Anodonta anatina...... Duck Mussel Bithynia tentaculata ...... Common Bithynia Sphaerium corneum...... Horny Orb Mussel Succinea putris...... Large Amber Snail Musculium lacustre...... Lake or Capped Orb Oxyloma pfeifferi...... Pfeiffer's Amber Snail Mussel Oxyloma elegans...... Pfeiffer's Amber Snail Sphaerium lacustre ...... Lake or Capped Orb Vallonia excentrica...... Eccentric Grass Snail Mussel Discus rotundatus...... Rounded Snail Pisidium casertanum Arion ater ...... Large Black Slug Pisidium personatum Arion subfuscus...... Dusky Slug Pisidium obtusale Arion circumscriptus Pisidium milium...... Rosy Pea Shell Arion hortensis Pisidium pseudosphaerium Aegopinella nitidula...... Smooth Glass Snail Pisidium subtruncatum Oxychilus cellarius...... Cellar Snail Pisidium nitidum Oxychilus alliarius...... Garlic Snail Aplexa hypnorum...... Moss Bladder Snail Zonitoides excavatus...... Hollowed Glass Snail Physa fontinalis...... Common Bladder Snail Zonitoides nitidus...... Shiny Glass Snail Lymnaea palustris...... Marsh Pond Snail Tandonia budapestensis..... Budapest Slug Lymnaea stagnalis ...... Great Pond Snail Limax maximus ...... Great Grey Slug Lymnaea auricularia...... Ear Pond Snail Limax tenellus ...... Slender Slug Radix auricularia ...... Ear Pond Snail Lehmannia marginata...... Tree Slug Lymnaea peregra...... Wandering Pond Snail Limax marginatus...... Tree Slug Planorbis planorbis...... Margined Ram's-horn Deroceras reticulatum...... Field (Netted?) Slug Planorbis carinatus...... Keeled Ram's-horn Euconulus fulvus agg...... Tawny Glass Snail Anisus vortex ...... Whirlpool Ram's-horn Candidula intersecta...... Wrinkled Snail Gyraulus albus...... White Ram's-horn Trichia hispida ...... Hairy Snail Gyraulus crista...... Nautilus Ram's-horn Cepaea nemoralis ...... Grove or Brown-lipped Armiger crista...... Nautilus Ram's-horn Snail Hippeutis complanatus ...... Flat Ram's-horn Cepaea hortensis ...... White-lipped Snail Acroloxus lacustris Helix aspersa ...... Garden or Common Snail

59 Species

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 30 VERTEBRATES

Birds Gavia stellata...... Red-throated Diver Oxyura jamaicensis ...... Ruddy Duck Gavia arctica...... Black-throated Diver Pernis apivorus...... European Honey-buzzard Gavia immer ...... Great Northern Diver Milvus milvus...... Red Kite Tachybaptus ruficollis...... Little Grebe Circus aeruginosus...... Eurasian Marsh Harrier Podiceps cristatus...... Great Crested Grebe Circus cyaneus...... Hen Harrier Podiceps grisegena...... Red-necked Grebe Accipiter gentilis ...... Northern Goshawk Podiceps auritus...... Slavonian Grebe Accipiter nisus ...... Eurasian Sparrowhawk Podiceps nigricollis...... Black-necked Grebe Buteo buteo...... Common Buzzard Fulmarus glacialis ...... Northern Fulmar Buteo lagopus ...... Rough-legged Buzzard Puffinus puffinus...... Manx Shearwater Pandion haliaetus...... Osprey Oceanodroma leucorhoa.... Leach's Storm-petrel Falco tinnunculus...... Common Kestrel Morus bassanus...... Northern Gannet Falco columbarius ...... Merlin Phalacrocorax carbo ...... Great Cormorant Falco subbuteo...... Eurasian Hobby Phalacrocorax aristotelis..... European Shag Falco peregrinus...... Peregrine Falcon Botaurus stellaris...... Great Bittern Alectoris rufa ...... Red-legged Partridge Nycticorax nycticorax...... Night Heron Perdix perdix ...... Grey Partridge Egretta garzetta...... Little Egret Coturnix coturnix...... Common Quail Ardea alba ...... Great Egret Phasianus colchicus ...... Common Pheasant Ardea cinerea...... Grey Heron Rallus aquaticus...... Water Rail Ciconia ciconia...... White Stork Porzana porzana...... Spotted Crake Plegadis falcinellus...... Glossy Ibis Crex crex...... Corn Crake Platalea leucorodia...... Eurasian Spoonbill Gallinula chloropus...... Common Moorhen Cygnus atratus...... Black Swan Fulica atra ...... Common Coot Cygnus olor...... Mute Swan Haematopus ostralegus...... Eurasian Oystercatcher Cygnus columbianus...... Tundra Swan Himantopus himantopus ..... Black-winged Stilt Cygnus cygnus ...... Whooper Swan Recurvirostra avosetta...... Pied Avocet Anser brachyrhynchus...... Pink-footed Goose Charadrius dubius ...... Little Plover Anser albifrons...... White-fronted Goose Charadrius hiaticula...... Ringed Plover Anser anser ...... Greylag Goose Charadrius alexandrinus ..... Kentish Plover Anser caerulescens...... Snow Goose Charadrius morinellus...... Eurasian Dotterel Branta canadensis...... Canada Goose Pluvialis apricaria...... European Golden Plover Branta leucopsis...... Barnacle Goose Pluvialis squatarola...... Grey Plover Branta bernicla...... Brent Goose Vanellus vanellus...... Northern Lapwing Alopochen aegyptiaca ...... Egyptian Goose Calidris canutus...... Red Knot Tadorna ferruginea...... Ruddy Shelduck Calidris alba ...... Sanderling Tadorna tadorna...... Common Shelduck Calidris minuta...... Little Stint Aix galericulata...... Mandarin Duck Calidris temminckii...... Temminck's Stint Anas penelope...... Eurasian Wigeon Calidris melanotos...... Pectoral Sandpiper Anas americana...... American Wigeon Calidris ferruginea ...... Curlew Sandpiper Anas strepera...... Gadwall Calidris maritima...... Purple Sandpiper Anas crecca...... Eurasian Teal Calidris alpina...... Dunlin Anas platyrhynchos...... Mallard Limicola falcinellus...... Broad-billed Sandpiper Anas acuta...... Northern Pintail Calidris himantopus...... Stilt Sandpiper Anas querquedula...... Garganey Philomachus pugnax ...... Ruff Anas clypeata ...... Northern Shoveler Lymnocryptes minimus ...... Jack Snipe Netta rufina...... Red-crested Pochard Gallinago gallinago...... Common Snipe Aythya ferina...... Common Pochard Limnodromus scolopaceus.. Long-billed Dowitcher Aythya collaris...... Ring-necked Duck Scolopax rusticola ...... Eurasian Woodcock Aythya fuligula...... Tufted Duck Limosa limosa ...... Black-tailed Godwit Aythya marila...... Greater Scaup Limosa lapponica...... Bar-tailed Godwit Somateria mollissima ...... Common Eider Numenius phaeopus...... Whimbrel Clangula hyemalis...... Long-tailed Duck Numenius arquata ...... Eurasian Curlew Melanitta nigra ...... Black Scoter Tringa erythropus ...... Spotted Redshank Melanitta fusca...... Velvet Scoter Tringa totanus ...... Common Redshank Bucephala clangula...... Common Goldeneye Tringa nebularia ...... Common Greenshank Mergellus albellus ...... Smew Tringa ochropus ...... Green Sandpiper Mergus serrator...... Red-breasted Merganser Tringa glareola ...... Wood Sandpiper Mergus merganser ...... Goosander Actitis hypoleucos...... Common Sandpiper

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 31 VERTEBRATES Arenaria interpres...... Ruddy Turnstone Erithacus rubecula...... European Robin Phalaropus lobatus...... Red-necked Phalarope Phoenicurus ochruros...... Black Redstart Phalaropus fulicarius...... Grey Phalarope Phoenicurus phoenicurus.... Common Redstart Stercorarius parasiticus...... Arctic Skua Saxicola rubetra ...... Whinchat Larus melanocephalus ...... Mediterranean Gull Oenanthe oenanthe...... Northern Wheatear Larus pipixcan...... Franklin's Gull Turdus torquatus ...... Ring Ouzel Larus minutus ...... Little Gull Turdus merula ...... Common Blackbird Larus ridibundus...... Black-headed Gull Turdus pilaris...... Fieldfare Larus delawarensis ...... Ring-billed Gull Turdus philomelos ...... Song Thrush Larus canus ...... Mew Gull Turdus iliacus...... Redwing Larus fuscus ...... Lesser Black-backed Gull Turdus viscivorus...... Mistle Thrush Larus argentatus ...... Herring Gull Locustella naevia...... Grasshopper Warbler Larus glaucoides...... Iceland Gull Acrocephalus schoenobaenus Sedge Warbler Larus hyperboreus ...... Glaucous Gull Acrocephalus scirpaceus.... Eurasian Reed Warbler Larus marinus ...... Great Black-backed Gull Sylvia curruca...... Lesser Whitethroat Rissa tridactyla...... Black-legged Kittiwake Sylvia communis...... Common Whitethroat Sterna sandvicensis ...... Sandwich Tern Sylvia borin...... Garden Warbler Sterna dougallii ...... Roseate Tern Sylvia atricapilla...... Blackcap Sterna hirundo ...... Common Tern Phylloscopus inornatus...... Yellow-browed Warbler Sterna paradisaea...... Arctic Tern Phylloscopus sibilatrix...... Wood Warbler Sternula albifrons ...... Little Tern Phylloscopus collybita...... Common Chiffchaff Chlidonias hybrida...... Whiskered Tern Phylloscopus trochilus ...... Willow Warbler Chlidonias niger ...... Black Tern Regulus regulus ...... Goldcrest Chlidonias leucopterus ...... White-winged Tern Regulus ignicapilla...... Firecrest Uria aalge ...... Common Guillemot Muscicapa striata...... Spotted Flycatcher Alle alle...... Little Auk Ficedula hypoleuca...... Pied Flycatcher Columba livia ...... Rock Pigeon Aegithalos caudatus ...... Long-tailed Tit Columba oenas...... Stock Pigeon Parus major...... Great Tit Columba palumbus ...... Common Wood Pigeon Sitta europaea...... Wood Nuthatch Streptopelia decaocto...... Eurasian Collared Dove Certhia familiaris...... Eurasian Treecreeper Streptopelia turtur...... European Turtle Dove Lanius excubitor ...... Great Grey Shrike Psittacula krameri...... Rose-ringed Parakeet Garrulus glandarius ...... Eurasian Jay Cuculus canorus ...... Common Cuckoo Pica pica ...... Black-billed Magpie Tyto alba...... Barn Owl Corvus monedula ...... Eurasian Jackdaw Athene noctua...... Little Owl Corvus frugilegus...... Rook Strix aluco...... Tawny Owl Corvus corone...... Carrion Crow Asio otus...... Long-eared Owl Corvus corax...... Common Raven Asio flammeus ...... Short-eared Owl Sturnus vulgaris...... Common Starling Apus apus...... Common Swift Passer domesticus ...... House Sparrow Apus melba...... Alpine Swift Passer montanus...... Eurasian Tree Sparrow Alcedo atthis ...... Common Kingfisher Fringilla coelebs ...... Chaffinch Upupa epops ...... Hoopoe Fringilla montifringilla...... Brambling Picus viridis...... Green Woodpecker Carduelis chloris...... European Greenfinch Dendrocopos major...... Great Spotted Woodpecker Carduelis carduelis...... European Goldfinch Dendrocopos minor...... Lesser Spotted Woodpecker Carduelis spinus...... Eurasian Siskin Alauda arvensis...... Sky Lark Carduelis cannabina...... Common Linnet Riparia riparia...... Sand Martin Carduelis flavirostris ...... Twite Hirundo rustica...... Barn Swallow Carduelis cabaret ...... Lesser Redpoll Delichon urbicum ...... House Martin Carduelis flammea...... Mealy Redpoll Anthus trivialis...... Tree Pipit Loxia curvirostra...... Common Crossbill Anthus pratensis ...... Meadow Pipit Pyrrhula pyrrhula...... Common Bullfinch Anthus spinoletta...... Water Pipit Coccothraustes coccothraustes...... Hawfinch Motacilla flava ...... Yellow Wagtail Calcarius lapponicus...... Lapland Longspur Motacilla cinerea...... Grey Wagtail Plectrophenax nivalis...... Snow Bunting Motacilla alba...... White / Pied Wagtail Emberiza citrinella ...... Yellowhammer Bombycilla garrulus...... Bohemian Waxwing Emberiza schoeniclus...... Reed Bunting Troglodytes troglodytes ...... Winter Wren Emberiza calandra...... Corn Bunting Prunella modularis...... Hedge Accentor

231 Species

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 32 VERTEBRATES

Mammals Muntiacus reevesi ...... Chinese Muntjac Erinaceus europaeus...... Western Hedgehog Capreolus capreolus ...... Roe Deer Neomys fodiens...... Water Shrew Vulpes vulpes...... Red Fox Sorex araneus...... Common Shrew Lutra lutra ...... Otter Sorex minutus ...... Pygmy Shrew Meles meles...... Badger Talpa europaea ...... Northern Mole Mustela erminea...... Stoat Lepus europaeus...... Brown Hare Mustela nivalis ...... Weasel Oryctolagus cuniculus...... Rabbit Mustela putorius...... Western Polecat Sciurus carolinensis...... Grey Squirrel Mustela vison...... American Mink Sciurus vulgaris...... Red Squirrel Myotis daubentonii ...... Daubenton's Bat Arvicola terrestris...... Northern Water Vole Myotis mystacinus...... Whiskered Bat Clethrionomys glareolus...... Bank Vole Nyctalus noctula...... Noctule Bat Microtus agrestis ...... Field Vole Pipistrellus pipistrellus ...... Common Pipistrelle Apodemus sylvaticus...... Wood Mouse Pipistrellus pygmaeus...... Soprano Pipistrelle Micromys minutus...... Harvest Mouse Pipistrellus nathusii...... Nathusius’s Pipistrelle Mus musculus ...... House Mouse Plecotus auritus...... Brown Long-eared Bat Rattus norvegicus...... Brown Rat

31 Species

Amphibians and Reptiles Bufo bufo...... Common Toad Triturus vulgaris...... Smooth Newt Rana temporaria ...... Common Frog Lacerta vivipara...... Viviparous Lizard Triturus cristatus...... Warty Newt / Great Crested Newt

5 Species

Biodiversity of the Northwich Woodlands 33