Distributed Fog Computing for Internet of Things (Iot) Based Ambient Data Processing and Analysis
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Internet of Things Meets Brain-Computer Interface: a Unified Deep Learning Framework for Enabling Human-Thing Cognitive Interactivity
JOURNAL OF LATEX CLASS FILES, VOL. 14, NO. 8, AUGUST 2015 1 Internet of Things Meets Brain-Computer Interface: A Unified Deep Learning Framework for Enabling Human-Thing Cognitive Interactivity Xiang Zhang, Student Member, IEEE, Lina Yao, Member, IEEE, Shuai Zhang, Student Member, IEEE, Salil Kanhere, Member, IEEE, Michael Sheng, Member, IEEE, and Yunhao Liu, Fellow, IEEE Abstract—A Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) acquires brain signals, analyzes and translates them into commands that are relayed to actuation devices for carrying out desired actions. With the widespread connectivity of everyday devices realized by the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT), BCI can empower individuals to directly control objects such as smart home appliances or assistive robots, directly via their thoughts. However, realization of this vision is faced with a number of challenges, most importantly being the issue of accurately interpreting the intent of the individual from the raw brain signals that are often of low fidelity and subject to noise. Moreover, pre-processing brain signals and the subsequent feature engineering are both time-consuming and highly reliant on human domain expertise. To address the aforementioned issues, in this paper, we propose a unified deep learning based framework that enables effective human-thing cognitive interactivity in order to bridge individuals and IoT objects. We design a reinforcement learning based Selective Attention Mechanism (SAM) to discover the distinctive features from the input brain signals. In addition, we propose a modified Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) to distinguish the inter-dimensional information forwarded from the SAM. To evaluate the efficiency of the proposed framework, we conduct extensive real-world experiments and demonstrate that our model outperforms a number of competitive state-of-the-art baselines. -
The Internet of Things (Iot): an Overview
Updated February 12, 2020 The Internet of Things (IoT): An Overview The Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of interrelated incorporation of IIoT and analytics is viewed by experts as devices connected to a network and/or to one another, the Fourth Industrial Revolution, or 4IR. exchanging data without necessarily requiring human-to- machine interaction. In other words, IoT is a collection of Internet of Medical Things (IoMT): The healthcare field electronic devices that can share information among has begun incorporating IoT, creating the Internet of themselves. Examples include smart factories, smart home Medical Things (IoMT). These devices, such as heart devices, medical monitoring devices, wearable fitness monitors and pace makers, collect and send patient health trackers, smart city infrastructures, and vehicular statistics over various networks to healthcare providers for telematics. Potential issues for Congress include regulation, monitoring, analysis, and remote configuration. At a digital privacy, and data security as discussed below. personal health level, wearable IoT devices, such as fitness trackers and smart watches, can track a user’s physical IoT Characteristics activities, basic vital data, and sleeping patterns. According IoT devices are often called “smart” devices because they to a 2019 survey by Pew Research, about one-in-five have sensors and can conduct complex data analytics. IoT Americans uses a smart watch or fitness tracker. devices collect data using sensors and offer services to the user based on the analyses of that data and according to Smart Cities: IoT devices and systems in the utilities, user-defined parameters. For example, a smart refrigerator transportation, and infrastructure sectors may be grouped uses sensors (e.g., cameras) to inventory stored items and under the category of “smart city.” Utilities can use IoT to can alert the user when items run low based on image create “smart” grids and meters for electricity, water, and recognition analyses. -
Fog Computing: a Platform for Internet of Things and Analytics
Fog Computing: A Platform for Internet of Things and Analytics Flavio Bonomi, Rodolfo Milito, Preethi Natarajan and Jiang Zhu Abstract Internet of Things (IoT) brings more than an explosive proliferation of endpoints. It is disruptive in several ways. In this chapter we examine those disrup- tions, and propose a hierarchical distributed architecture that extends from the edge of the network to the core nicknamed Fog Computing. In particular, we pay attention to a new dimension that IoT adds to Big Data and Analytics: a massively distributed number of sources at the edge. 1 Introduction The “pay-as-you-go” Cloud Computing model is an efficient alternative to owning and managing private data centers (DCs) for customers facing Web applications and batch processing. Several factors contribute to the economy of scale of mega DCs: higher predictability of massive aggregation, which allows higher utilization with- out degrading performance; convenient location that takes advantage of inexpensive power; and lower OPEX achieved through the deployment of homogeneous compute, storage, and networking components. Cloud computing frees the enterprise and the end user from the specification of many details. This bliss becomes a problem for latency-sensitive applications, which require nodes in the vicinity to meet their delay requirements. An emerging wave of Internet deployments, most notably the Internet of Things (IoTs), requires mobility support and geo-distribution in addition to location awareness and low latency. We argue that a new platform is needed to meet these requirements; a platform we call Fog Computing [1]. We also claim that rather than cannibalizing Cloud Computing, F. Bonomi R. -
The Internet of Things: Impact on Public Safety Communications
Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency The Internet of Things March 2019 The Internet of Things: Impact on Public Safety Communications The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical devices and connectivity that enables objects to connect to one another, to the Internet, and exchange data amongst themselves.1, 2 IoT allows connected devices to be sensed or controlled remotely across network infrastructures, creating opportunities for more direct, cross-platform integration and improved efficiencies for the transfer of data between devices. IoT presents undeniable implications for public safety IoT goes beyond simply connecting communications. In turn, comprehensively addressing the objects to the Internet; it allows ever-growing IoT environment presents a unique challenge to physical objects to intelligently self- service providers, equipment manufacturers, and consumers. identify and communicate with other Harnessing network architecture changes and equipping devices, creating a new model of everyday objects to be IoT-enabled will allow public safety information sharing with a variety of stakeholders to maximize existing infrastructure investments potential applications. and provide near-real time decision support experiences that can change how they operate. IoT Benefits IoT-enabled devices can provide numerous benefits to public safety, as shown in Table 1. For example, a traffic accident response team could use the data collected from a variety of Internet-connected devices ― such as the involved vehicles (e.g., -
Home Automation System Using Google Assistant
© 2021 JETIR June 2021, Volume 8, Issue 6 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) HOME AUTOMATION SYSTEM USING GOOGLE ASSISTANT MUDASIR M, NEHA V, NIHAAL THATHIR K, PAVAN YADAV M, POLLARPU SREERAMULU, SMITHA PATIL B.Tech. Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Presidency University, Bangalore, India B.Tech. Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Presidency University, Bangalore, India B.Tech. Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Presidency University, Bangalore, India B.Tech. Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Presidency University, Bangalore, India B.Tech. Student, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Presidency University, Bangalore, India Assistant Professor, Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Presidency University, Bangalore, India Abstract: Nowadays Technology keeps on upgrading. The idea behind Google assistant-controlled Home automation is to control home devices with voice. On the market there are many devices available to do that, but making our own is awesome. In this project, the Google assistant requires voice commands. Adafruit account which is a cloud based free IoT web server used to create virtual switches, is linking to IFTTT website abbreviated as “If This Than That” which is used to create if else conditional statements. The voice commands for Google assistant have been added through IFTTT website. In this home automation, as the user gives commands to the Google assistant, Home appliances like Bulb, Fan and Motor etc., can be controlled accordingly. The commands given through the Google assistant are decoded and then sent to the microcontroller, the microcontroller in turn control the relays connected to it. The device connected to the respective relay can be turned ON or OFF as per the users request to the Google Assistant. -
Openfog Reference Architecture for Fog Computing
OpenFog Reference Architecture for Fog Computing Produced by the OpenFog Consortium Architecture Working Group www.OpenFogConsortium.org February 2017 1 OPFRA001.020817 © OpenFog Consortium. All rights reserved. Use of this Document Copyright © 2017 OpenFog Consortium. All rights reserved. Published in the USA. Published February 2017. This is an OpenFog Consortium document and is to be used in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth below. The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice. The information in this publication was developed under the OpenFog Consortium Intellectual Property Rights policy and is provided as is. OpenFog Consortium makes no representations or warranties of any kind with respect to the information in this publication, and specifically disclaims implied warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. This document contains content that is protected by copyright. Copying or distributing the content from this document without permission is prohibited. OpenFog Consortium and the OpenFog Consortium logo are registered trademarks of OpenFog Consortium in the United States and other countries. All other trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners. Acknowledgements The OpenFog Reference Architecture is the product of the OpenFog Architecture Workgroup, co-chaired by Charles Byers (Cisco) and Robert Swanson (Intel). It represents the collaborative work of the global membership of the OpenFog Consortium. We wish to thank these organizations for contributing -
Predictive Analysis of 3D Reram-Based PUF for Securing the Internet of Things
Predictive Analysis of 3D ReRAM-based PUF for Securing the Internet of Things Jeeson Kim Hussein Nili School of Engineering Electrical and Computer Engineering RMIT University University of California Santa Barbara Melbourne, Australia Santa Barbara, USA [email protected] [email protected] Gina C. Adam Nhan Duy Truong Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Engineering University of California Santa Barbara RMIT University Santa Barbara, USA Melbourne, Australia gina [email protected] [email protected] Dmitri B. Strukov Omid Kavehei Electrical and Computer Engineering Electrical and Information Engineering University of California Santa Barbara The University of Sydney Santa Barbara, USA Sydney, Australia [email protected] [email protected] Abstract—In recent years, an explosion of IoT devices challenge [2, 3]. Widely used traditional cryptographic and its use leads threats to the privacy and security solutions, for example, advanced encryption standard concerns of individual users and merchandises. As one (AES) and elliptic curve cryptography (ECC), can be of promising solutions, physical unclonable function (PUF) has been extensively studied. This paper investigates quality used for both the integrity and the authentication of of randomness in the first generation of 3D analog ReRAM exchanging data and messages. PUF primitives using measured and gathered data from IoT hardware anti-counterfeiting, integrated circuit fabricated ReRAM crossbars. This study is significant as (IC) trust and physical tampering are also critical the randomness quality of a PUF directly relates to its tasks [4]. In 2014, defense advanced research projects resilience against various model-building attacks, includ- ing machine learning attack. -
Paving the Way for Self-Driving Vehicles”
June 13, 2017 The Honorable John Thune, Chairman The Honorable Bill Nelson, Ranking Member U.S. Senate Committee on Commerce, Science & Transportation 512 Dirksen Senate Office Building Washington, DC 20510 RE: Hearing on “Paving the Way for Self-Driving Vehicles” Dear Chairman Thune and Ranking Member Nelson: We write to your regarding the upcoming hearing “Paving the Way for Self-Driving Vehicles,”1 on the privacy and safety risks of connected and autonomous vehicles. For more than a decade, the Electronic Privacy Information Center (“EPIC”) has warned federal agencies and Congress about the growing risks to privacy resulting from the increasing collection and use of personal data concerning the operation of motor vehicles.2 EPIC was established in 1994 to focus public attention on emerging privacy and civil liberties issues. EPIC engages in a wide range of public policy and litigation activities. EPIC testified before the House of Representatives in 2015 on “the Internet of Cars.”3 Recently, EPIC 1 Paving the Way for Self-Driving Vehicles, 115th Cong. (2017), S. Comm. on Commerce, Science, and Transportation, https://www.commerce.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/pressreleases?ID=B7164253-4A43- 4B70-8A73-68BFFE9EAD1A (June 14, 2017). 2 See generally EPIC, “Automobile Event Data Recorders (Black Boxes) and Privacy,” https://epic.org/privacy/edrs/. See also EPIC, Comments, Docket No. NHTSA-2002-13546 (Feb. 28, 2003), available at https://epic.org/privacy/drivers/edr_comments.pdf (“There need to be clear guidelines for how the data can be accessed and processed by third parties following the use limitation and openness or transparency principles.”); EPIC, Comments on Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; V2V Communications, Docket No. -
Internet of Things
INTERNET OF THINGS Internet of Things (IoT) or smart devices refers to any object or device that is connected to the Internet. This rapidly expanding set of “things,” which can send and receive data, includes cars, appliances, smart watches, lighting, home assistants, home security, and more. #BeCyberSmart to connect with confidence and protect your interconnected world. WHY SHOULD WE CARE? • Cars, appliances, wearables, lighting, healthcare, and home security all contain sensing devices that can talk to another machine and trigger other actions. Examples include devices that direct your car to an open spot in a parking lot; mechanisms that control energy use in your home; and tools that track eating, sleeping, and exercise habits. • New Internet-connected devices provide a level of convenience in our lives, but they require that we share more information than ever. • The security of this information, and the security of these devices, is not always guaranteed. Once your device connects to the Internet, you and your device could potentially be vulnerable to all sorts of risks. • With more connected “things” entering our homes and our workplaces each day, it is important that everyone knows how to secure their digital lives. SIMPLE TIPS TO OWN IT. • Shake up your password protocol. Change your device’s factory security settings from the default password. This is one of the most important steps to take in the protection of IoT devices. According to NIST guidance, you should consider using the longest password or passphrase permissible. Get creative and create a unique password for your IoT devices. Read the Creating a Password Tip Sheet for more information. -
Fog Computing and the Internet of Things: a Review
Review Fog Computing and the Internet of Things: A Review Hany F. Atlam 1,2,* ID , Robert J. Walters 1 and Gary B. Wills 1 1 Electronic and Computer Science Department, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; [email protected] (R.J.W.); [email protected] (G.B.W.) 2 Computer Science and Engineering Department, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf 32952, Egypt * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +44-074-2252-3772 Received: 4 March 2018; Accepted: 5 April 2018; Published: 8 April 2018 Abstract: With the rapid growth of Internet of Things (IoT) applications, the classic centralized cloud computing paradigm faces several challenges such as high latency, low capacity and network failure. To address these challenges, fog computing brings the cloud closer to IoT devices. The fog provides IoT data processing and storage locally at IoT devices instead of sending them to the cloud. In contrast to the cloud, the fog provides services with faster response and greater quality. Therefore, fog computing may be considered the best choice to enable the IoT to provide efficient and secure services for many IoT users. This paper presents the state-of-the-art of fog computing and its integration with the IoT by highlighting the benefits and implementation challenges. This review will also focus on the architecture of the fog and emerging IoT applications that will be improved by using the fog model. Finally, open issues and future research directions regarding fog computing and the IoT are discussed. Keywords: Internet of Things; cloud of things; fog computing; fog as a service; IoT with fog computing; cloud computing 1. -
All One Needs to Know About Fog Computing and Related Edge Computing ☆,☆☆ Paradigms: a Complete Survey
Journal of Systems Architecture 98 (2019) 289–330 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Systems Architecture journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/sysarc All one needs to know about fog computing and related edge computing ☆,☆☆ paradigms: A complete survey Ashkan Yousefpour a,∗, Caleb Fung b, Tam Nguyen c, Krishna Kadiyala b, Fatemeh Jalali d, Amirreza Niakanlahiji e, Jian Kong b, Jason P. Jue b a University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, USA b University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, USA c Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, USA d IBM Research, Melbourne, Australia e University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, USA a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Keywords: With the Internet of Things (IoT) becoming part of our daily life and our environment, we expect rapid growth in Fog computing the number of connected devices. IoT is expected to connect billions of devices and humans to bring promising Edge computing advantages for us. With this growth, fog computing, along with its related edge computing paradigms, such as Cloud computing multi-access edge computing (MEC) and cloudlet, are seen as promising solutions for handling the large volume Internet of things (IoT) of security-critical and time-sensitive data that is being produced by the IoT. In this paper, we first provide a Cloudlet Mobile edge computing tutorial on fog computing and its related computing paradigms, including their similarities and differences. Next, Multi-access edge computing we provide a taxonomy of research topics in fog computing, and through a comprehensive survey, we summarize Mist computing and categorize the efforts on fog computing and its related computing paradigms. -
Linuxvilag-54.Pdf 4301KB 9 2012-05-28 10:24:50
Beköszöntõ © Kiskapu Kft. Minden jog fenntartva Ahogy azt ígértük... össze, másrészt pedig lehetõséget is Megváltozunk. Ígérem. Na, nem úgy, biztosítunk egymás megismerésére. ahogy Bajor Imre ígérte tíz éve egy Az új „nyílt” szerkesztés jegyében kabaréban, hogy új életet kezd, de kialakítottunk tehát egy weboldalt mivel a piát szereti, ezért az új életé- ( linuxvilag.hu/szerzoknek), ahol ben is inni fog. Mi inkább azon tulaj- bárki jelentkezhet, aki szívesen írna donságainkat igyekszünk átmenteni, cikket, vagy elmondaná, hogy milyen melyeket olvasóink is a lap értékének cikket látna örömmel az újságban. tartanak. A cikkírók itt további anyagot is találnak a leadandó cikkekkel kap- Az elmúlt idõszakban folytatott piac- csolatban. kutatások és olvasói levelek alapján három fõbb változási cél rajzolódott Reményeink szerint a szeptemberi ki elõttünk. Olvasóink szerint: számtól már egy teljesen új arculattal indul, mindhárom célterületen változ- • A cikkek túl tömörek, nehezen va, olvasóink igényéhez jobban alkal- olvashatóak mazkodva. Mint mindig, most is örömmel várunk bármilyen véle- • Kevés a kezdõknek, próbálkozó ményt, ötletet, kritikát! kedvûeknek szóló cikk A „mostani generáció” utolsó két lap- • Több hazai vonatkozású, olvasmá- számához is kellemes olvasást kívánok! nyos cikkre van igény A tervek megvitatása közben még egy Szy György gondolat folyamatosan felvetõdött: fõszerkesztõ valahogy jobban be szeretnénk vonni a hazai szakembereket a Linuxvilág szerkesztésébe. Ezzel egyrészt egy érdekesebb, színesebb anyag állhat Hír-lelõ Kütyüimádóknak Táblájuk még nem volt Titkos biztonság A Nokia újfajta, internet tábla névre Az IBM PC-s üzletágát nemrég átve- Minden adatra kiterjedõ, hardveres keresztelt mobil eszközt mutatott be. võ Lenovo bemutatta az elsõ ThinkPad titkosítást végzõ, hordozható számító- A teljes nevén Nokia 770 Internet Tablet tábla PC-t.