DESERTMED A project about the deserted of the Mediterranean

The islands, and all the more so the deserted island, is an extremely poor or weak notion from the point of view of geography. This is to it’s credit. The range of islands has no objective unity, and deserted islands have even less. The deserted island may indeed have extremely poor soil. Deserted, the is- land may be a desert, but not necessarily. The real desert is uninhabited only insofar as it presents no conditions that by rights would make life possible, weather vegetable, animal, or human. On the contrary, the lack of inhabitants on the deserted island is a pure fact due to the circumstance, in other words, the island’s surroundings. The island is what the sea surrounds. What is de- serted is the ocean around it. It is by virtue of circumstance, for other reasons that the principle on which the island depends, that the ships pass in the distance and never come ashore.“

(from: Gilles Deleuze, Desert Island and Other Texts, Semiotext(e),Los Angeles, 2004) DESERTMED A project about the deserted islands of the Mediterranean Desertmed is an ongoing interdisciplina- land use, according to which the islands ry research project. The “blind spots” on can be divided into various groups or the European map serve as its subject typologies —although the distinctions are matter: approximately 300 uninhabited is- fluid. lands in the . A group of artists, architects, writers and theoreti- cians traveled to forty of these often hard to reach islands in search of clues, impar- tially cataloguing information that can be interpreted in multiple ways.

A pool of photographs, drawings, and au- dio and video recordings was the result. It is an inquiry into or an attempt to create something akin to maps through sound recordings and images. Such maps exa- mine the myriad ways in which the indi- vidual islands are used and, accordingly, their significant political, economic and historical interrelationships. The notion of the deserted island as a place of retreat still functions today as the quintessen- tial vacation dream and myth for those seeking refuge from society—a place of yearning, of the production of desire, which has little to do with reality. Desert- Italian deserted islands charted on med attempts to confront this mythos with Google Maps an unsentimental cataloguing and factual description of the mostly unknown islands International Bathymetric Chart of the of the Mediterranean. Mediterranean (IBCM) 1987 Historical map, Arab-Byzantine trade As it turns out, the reality of the islands is relations in the Mediterranean, 12th much more a reflection of the forms and century, Bodleian Library, Oxford concepts of state- and non-state-based DESERTMED Deserted islands in the Mediterranean

Through research, we have identified Isola dei Cavoli IT Maslinjak HR Gornja Aba HR approximately 300 islands where the Soffi IT HR Veli Buc HR natural development of a social fabric Isole Le Camere IT Tramerka HR Borovnik HR is not viable. At present, human sett- Mortorio IT Obljak HR Kurba Mala HR lement is impossible for a variety of Serpentara IT Tramercica HR Mana HR reasons. Isola dell‘Ogliastra IT Prvic HR Vela Balabra HR Tavolara IT Lagan HR Bisaga HR Alboran ES Molara IT HR Brusnjak HR Chafarinas ES Gorgona IT Golac HR Rasip Mali HR Rechgoun DZ Pianosa IT Brscak HR Maslinjak HR Habibas DZ Ile Cani TN Skrda HR Veli Rasip HR Ile Plane DZ Ile Pilau TN HR Sitsko-zutska Otocna Skupina HR Cabrera ES Montecristo IT Tun Mali HR Šćitna HR na Conillera ES Ile Plane TN Mezanj HR Piskera HR Illes Medes ES Zembra TN HR Gustac HR Fort de Brescou FR Zembretta TN HR Mala Dajna HR Ile du Planier FR Gremdi, Kerkennah TN Magarcic HR Klobucar HR Ile d‘If FR Lampione IT Silo HR Kasela HR Ile Riou FR Palmarola IT Veli Planatak HR Vodenjak HR Port Cros FR Zannone IT Sparusnjak HR Veli Pnsjak HR Saint Honorat FR Santo Stefano IT Utra HR Gominjak HR Isola di Mal di Ventre IT Vele Skrakane HR Otocici Tri Sestrice HR Lunga HR Asinara IT Zeca HR Mrtovnjak HR Jancar HR Archipel des Sanguinaires FR Male Skrakane HR Veli Otok HR Kameni Zakan HR Galiton TN HR Idula HR Prdusa HR La Galite TN HR Srednji otok HR Skulj HR Iles Lavezzi FR Grujica HR Glurovic HR Garmeniak HR Spargiotto IT Lutrosnjak HR Luskj Otok HR Okljuc HR IT Trstenik HR Maslinovac HR Lucmarinjak HR Razzoli IT Oruda HR Fulija HR HR IT Veli Laganj HR Knezak HR Capraia IT Iles Cerbicale FR Veli Dolfin HR Krknata HR Sknzanj HR Corcelli IT Otocici Grebeni HR Tomesniak HR Mrtovnjak HR IT Vodenjak HR HR Cavlin HR Giraglia FR Morovnik HR Aba Vela HR Tetoviusnjak HR Isola delle Bisce IT Duzac HR Velo Silo HR Kukuljar HR DESERTMED Deserted islands in the Mediterranean

Jabuka HR GR GR Chamili GR Çelebi TK Borovniak HR Drakonera, Echinadi GR GR GR Kara TK Drazemanski HR Modio, Echinadi GR Grammeza GR GR Antitilos GR HR , Echinadi GR GR GR Orak Adasi TK Bavljenac HR Karlonisi, Echinadi GR GR Kara Ada TK GR Misjak HR Provatio, Echinadi GR GR Mavra GR Yilancik TK Mazirina HR , Echinadi GR GR Zaforas GR Imrali TK HR Oxia GR GR GR Sivriada TK Pianosa,Tremiti IT GR Erinia GR Divounia GR Yassiada TK Logorun HR Agia Mariani GR Piperi, Cicladi GR Kounoupi GR Kizil Adasi TK HR GR Serifopoula GR Anidro GR Ramkine LB HR Venetiko GR GR Buyuk Ilyosta TK Ile du Palmier LB Brusnik HR Platia GR GR Buyuk Maden TK Sanani Island LB Maslinovik HR Psili GR Panteronisi GR Ciplak TK Biševo HR Evraios GR Christiana GR Khelia GR Orud HR Spetsoupola GR GR Syma GR Stipanska HR [NO NAME] LY Rinia GR Grillousa GR Otocic Stipanska HR GR GR Balik TK Palagruža HR Agios Ioannis GR Tragonisi GR Fragkos GR Susac HR Kyra GR GR Buyukada TK Pod Kopište HR Trikeri GR Ktapodia GR Plakida GR Mrčara HR [Isola di sabbia] LY Kato GR Hekim TK Sazan AL GR GR Archaggelos GR Vardiani GR Ypsili GR Kato Antikeri GR Pirnali TK GR Stachtorroi GR Ano Antikeri GR Kizkulesi Adasi TK Madouri GR Platonisi GR Anidros GR Astakida GR Sparti GR Platia Nisida GR Macheres GR Tavsan Adasi TK Skorpionidi GR Stavronisi GR Chrisi GR Kandelioussa GR GR Velopoula GR GR Pergoussa GR Kythros GR Lagousaki GR Makra GR Pachia GR GR Modi GR Tavsan TK GR Formikoula GR GR Koufonisi GR Yali GR Marathonisi GR GR Ofidoussa GR Cavus TK Pelouzo GR GR Megalo Livadi GR Büyükkiremit Adası TK Vromonas, Echinadi GR Adelfoi GR Gianisada GR Catal TK , Echinadi GR Kira Panagia GR Pontikousa GR Gaidaros GR DESERTMED visited islands The aim of Desertmed is to investigate the essence of the deserted condition of islands of the Mediterranean.

natural islands NATURAL PARK ISLANDS military islands Khelia GR Pelouzo GR Galiton TN Grillousa GR Capraia, Tremiti IT Zembra TN Archaggelos GR Pianosa, Tremiti IT Zembretta TN Tragonisi GR Montecristo IT Mrčara HR Levitha GR Gremdi, Kerkennah TN Sušac HR Kythros GR Ile Pilau TN Sazan AL Atokos GR Ile Plane TN Svetac HR Formikoula GR Ile Cani TN Arkoudi GR La Galite TN GR Habibas, DZ industrial islands Rechgoun DZ Yali GR Ile Plane DZ private islands Sparti GR Madouri GR prison islands Skorpionidi GR Pianosa IT Goli Otok HR Gorgona IT Asinara IT Santo Stefano IT Ile d‘If FR Makronisos GR Gyaros GR Natural Islands

Natural Islands are situated off the routes of trade and tourism, and are usually eit- her difficult to access or lacking in potable water. Often they are used for grazing live- stock, beekeeping or fish farming. Many of them are minor constellations of the larger Greek and Croatian archipelagos, left deserted due to their rugged topography or lack of resources. The size varies from little more than a rocky outcropping to mountains emerging from the sea. Some of them were inhabited before the wave of emigration in the early 20th century.

Natural Park Islands

Natural Park Islands are islands desig- nated for wildlife conservation, where hu- man presence is monitored scientifically. On these islands the condition of deserti- on is desired and monitored by man. Only park guards live on such islands, defen- ding their artificial “emptiness”. Their wild state is planned and protected.

Private Islands

Islands privately owned by individuals or social entities. Access and stays are subject to the same constraints and privi- leges as any other private property.

Prison Islands

Prison Islands are islands whose features make them ideal for penitentiaries or cor- rectional institutions. Prison-like structures strictly regulate life on these islands. The different reasons for confinement have generated various architectural and urban typologies. With its specific geography, the island naturally imposes a border, preventing escape. Today certain prison islands have been abandoned entirely and only the peniten- tiary structures remain. On other islands, though the facilities have been shut down, they are still inhabited by the last remaining prisoners, awaiting the end of their sentences. Sometimes prisoners are “rehabilitated” through ecological edu- cation programs, conducted in partially self-organized communities.

Military Islands

Military Islands function as strategic outposts due to their location and the complex provisions concerning territorial waters and rights. As restricted military zones that are removed from public con- trol, these islands not only serve strate- gic and geopolitical purposes, but are also sites for military testing and various exercises. In the Mediterranean these strategically situated islands are someti- mes disputed by different countries. The military structures were often created in colonial times and reinforced during the years. of the Cold War.

Industrial Islands

Industrial Islands are islands that are eco- nomically interesting due to the presence of minerals or other commercial reasons. The respective exploration company in charge has the right to manage access to the island. Workers are admitted to the industrial island by day, but after dark it becomes deserted. Thus human pre- sence is not stable.

DESERTMED COLLECTIVE Artist‘s statements

Amedeo Martegani: Desertmed’s taking place in the Mediterranean Sea or the island where a failed attempt at cess will inevitably create new navigation research is horizontal. The forms of that connects Europe, Africa and . As settlement on the part of a tourist village routes for shipping, and will progressi- movement design the space that divides you gradually approach the theme of the has left only bungalows that have been vely increase the number of ships in the occupied from empty, civil from natu- deserted island, the romantic vision shifts swallowed back up by the desert. Mediterranean. As a result, the deserted ral, identity from anonymity. Desertmed into a geosocial outlook. Desertmed’s islands, perhaps, will no longer be so gathers and measures this gap, tries to research is also work on the theme of Giulia Di Lenarda: I work on research. deserted. bridge it, to organize without being an contemporary geographical representa- Geographical research, first of all, to informer. It looks for anomalies in the tion, in an era in which new technologies identify topographical amnesias: deserted Giuseppe Ielasi / Renato Rinaldi: predictable edification of social struc- are redefining our perception of space, islands are zones overlooked by naviga- The deserted island is the stereotypic ture. It is research that does not rely on and identity is constructed through this tion routes, half-forgotten by geopolitics, place of every utopia, the cradle of every sociologisms or ethnic behavioral codes. perception. lacking in interest for history, considered (im)possible new beginning. It is not Instead, it records the state of a perma- voids in the middle of the sea that require structured by any social organization, nent, almost meteorological flux, of the Giovanna Silva: Desertmed began as no coverage, no reporting. Desertion there is no culture, and therefore there appearance of the void, the desert, the a collective in 2008. Its objective was to seen as absence of the human species can be no misunderstandings. It is the social gap, the ungoverned zone, as a study, research and catalogue the de- is joined by the “disciplined” desert where ideal tabula rasa on which to set up new place of the soul, where the games are serted islands of the Mediterranean. The the human race is only admitted on a social theories; the imaginary of the interrupted for a while. For Desertmed, I islands have different levels of “desertifi- temporary basis: the prisoner of an island deserted island is a heavy burden with imagine the distance, I calculate the tra- cation” that have been identified and divi- penitentiary leaves when his sentence which to come to grips. The true utopia, jectories, I draw what I like, I walk in one ded by degree. At times the islands have has been served, rangers leave island for our imagination, is the desert as direction, I sleep, I follow the animals, I specific uses for human beings, but no reserves at the end of a day’s work, and such. The sounds we have gathered on try to belong to this suspension through regular residents. There are islands that lighthouse keepers will soon be repla- deserted islands sound and feel diffe- all the time required for my interference. are deserted in keeping with a romantic ced by automated devices... To visit the rently than the sounds of other places. sense of the term, namely uninhabited controlled, disciplined desert you need a This is not just for technical or aesthe- Armin Linke: Desertmed comes from the or abandoned; these are found mostly in pass, issued by ministries, environmental tic reasons, but is rather because the desire to observe places that are consi- and . There are islands protection agencies or local administra- sounds of the islands do not produce any dered useless, non-existent and boring that are deserted for strategic and military tions. Often there is confusion regarding kind of narrative. In the desert narration because nothing happens there. Places reasons, in Tunisia and Spain, for examp- the authorities involved, even for the becomes pure superstructure. The force — deserted islands — that are somehow le. Others cannot be accessed by visitors same island. Deciphering the politics of of the sounds lies in their independence, connected to our romantic imaginary of because they are used as prisons, due the inaccessible and obtaining authori- their way of being splendidly useless, distance, or the nostalgia for vacations of to their remote location. Others are still zation to visit islands is the second part and their clarity. bygone days. Their “emptiness”, almost conserved in a natural state, as nature of the research. Another aspect I have impossible to document and grasp, reserves, like museums. There are also investigated is that of geopolitics. In 2008 always has specific geographical, geo- “exclusive” islands that are private pro- representatives of 43 countries of the political or social reasons behind it. With perty, and industrial islands inhabited only Mediterranean area met for the Medi- photography and video I try to record this during labor shifts, by the workers. From terranean Summit in Paris, to attempt to non-spectacular emptiness, where it only time to time exceptions arise that make launch a process of regulation for this seems as if nothing ever happens. These Desertmed’s cataloguing less systematic sea, including future projects such as deserted or abandoned places represent but perhaps more interesting. A priva- the creation of maritime highways to shift an indicator of major transformations te but abandoned island, for example, freight traffic from land to water. This pro- DESERTMED At Villa Romana, A first installation was shown in 2009 at Villa Romana, Florence, Italy. The media used in the presentation included pho- tography, stitching, sound installation and video. It was also accompanied by a publication. An expanded video installati- on was presented in 2011 at the Istanbul Museum of Modern Art, Istanbul, . DESERTMED Siakos-Hanappe Gallery, Athens, Greece

Video installation May 2010

DESERTMED Istanbul Museum of Modern Art, Istanbul, Turkey

Video installation March 2011 DESERTMED At NGBK, Berlin In 2012 an exhibition was held at NGBK, Berlin, with a mixed-media installation and a video installation, together with ad- ditional contributions from external artists.

The Deserted Islands of the Mediterranean Map Installation, 2012 Mixed-media installation

Developing lengthwise, the installation shows an abstract map of the over 300 deserted islands of the Mediterranean aligned according to their longitude. This “table-map” displays books about the 39 islands visited so far. Conceived as a single catalogue, the books show pho- tographs and video stills of the islands, compiled without editing and without any precise narration. The islands are portray- ed both on the micro level of geological matter as well as from the macro per- spective that indicates which “types” they belong to. DESERTMED At NGBK, Berlin Deserted Typologies, 2012 7-channel video installation

The video material shot during the field research was first catalogued according to the categories in which we subdivided the visited deserted islands. For each type, a narrative was then created to re- connect it to the idea of a “macro-island”. In each video, despite being a collage from different islands, the resulting land- scape conveys the illusion of one unified place. The videos are part of a catalogue of materials that expands further as the Desertmed research proceeds. DESERTMED NGBK, Berlino Desertmed, 2012 Multi-Channel sound installation

The installation is not about deserted islands in terms of sound topography: sound doesn‘t recognize the wide spaces of geography, but resonates within narrower borders. In the organization of the sounds there‘s no hierarchy because there is no function, everything refers to a mechanism similar to the one of a bachelor machine, cavities that filter frequencies, resonate, reverberate and vibrate, because the sea pumps water that pumps air into them. Air as a resonant element, an aural utopia where sounds become abstract and freed from geography. A black box in which sound remains as mysterious and useless as a deserted island. DESERTMED At NGBK, Berlin A section of the exhibition is devoted to the research results of an expanded group of artists and practitioners from other fields, who have been cooperating with the Desertmed Collective over the past few years. The exhibited publications form a growing archive based on ongoing research projects.

Aristide Antonas Finds from Yaros and Makronisos, 2012

Giulia Bruno, Laura Fiorio Imrali 1935–2012, 2012 Remapping Cartography, 2012

Antonia Dika, Daniele Ansidei Perlen der Adria, 2007–2012

The exhibition at NGBK was an occasion to enlarge the research, inviting more artists working on connected themes:

Fabian Bechtle, Bik van der Pol, Kahane, Deborah Ligorio, Stefanos Tsivopoulos, Luca Vitone DESERTMED MATERIAL Book edition We printed in one copy a book series containing all the images collected in our trip to the Tremiti Islands in Italy and the Tunisian islands.

Deserted Islands of the Mediterranean, Exhibition catalogue, Villa Romana, Italy DESERTMED Mapping and 3D scanning An essential aspect to the work of De- For the security of external EU borders, sertmed is the use of a wide range of the EU border control agency Frontex media forms to represent island regions. uses highly advanced imaging systems. On the one hand, they serve for research We also use modern technologies in our on the history of particular islands. On research. For example, 3D scans were the other, every found image makes a used to form images of the prison on statement about the multifaceted uses Santo Stefano. The use of various tech- and complex political, economic, and nologies allows for a complex narration societal conditions of the Mediterranean to develop in the presentation of Desert- region. We include historical images as med. Digital technologies are linked with well as material produced with the latest analogue experiences in the exhibition technologies. The visualization of the space. locations visited plays an important role. Imaging methods are often the only way to access remote regions. Our collection ranges from greatly simplified antiquarian images to complex GPS real-time maps, Historical map of Venice, which, for example, depict the movement 15th century of ships around the Mediterranean; these serve both scientific as well as military Historical maps juxtaposed purposes. with satellite images

Google Earth, satellite images

Maritime traffic realtime map www.marinetraffic.com DESERTMED mapping and 3D scanning

SENSEable City Lab MIT provided the equip- ment to map the electromagnetic density of GSM telephone networks during the journey through this section of the . This map shows an initial depiction of the co- verage. The logs captured the identifiers of 58 different cell phone towers in the area.

We are working with 3D laser scans to pro- duce sculptural documents of architectural structures and geological forms.

3D animation, Santo Stefano, video stills

3D laser scan made during our visit to Santo Map of the electromagnetic density of GSM Stefano prison, one of the first architectural telephone networks during our trip prison structures based on the panopticon DESERTMED mapping and 3D scanning

Our way to Khelia Island DESERTMED Geopolitical representation of the Mediterranean

Paris Summit for the Mediterranean, July 2008

Coast Guard, Rome DESERTMED Geopolitical representation of the Mediterranean

NATO brochure

The integration of satellite-based sur- veillance and monitoring for enhanced operational maritime border control and maritime domain awareness (European Maritime Security Service)

Refugee routes in the Mediterranean DESERTMED Collective

Giulia Di Lenarda, lives in Milan, photographer pher. www.desertmed.org and researcher. Antonia Dika, lives in Vienna, works on the [email protected] Giuseppe Ielasi, lives in Vimercate, musician. interface between architecture, art, urbanism Co-curator of Senufo Editions. and research. Currently working on a research www.senufoeditions.com project revolving around the Cold War legacy Armin Linke, lives in Berlin, artist, works with on the Adriatic islands. photography, video, and various media; professor Laura Fiorio, lives in Venice and Berlin, works for photography at the HfG Karlsruhe. with photography and educational projects. Amedeo Martegani, lives in Milano, artist, works Wilfred Kühn and Simona Malvezzi, live in with various media. Berlin, architects working in the field of curato- Giovanna Silva, lives in Milano, architect, photo- rial design and installation architecture, whose grapher, artist. Co-founder of the magazine San projects include documenta 11 and the expan- Rocco. http://www.giovannasilva.com sion of the Hamburger Bahnhof Museum für Renato Rinaldi, lives in Cividale, musician, works Gegenwart. Wilfried Kühn is professor at HfG with soundtracks for theatre and radio dramas. Karlsruhe. Franck Leibovici, lives in Paris, works with writing, visual poetry, performance and of the notion of the collaborative “poetic document”, Collaborations: whose meaning he redefines with every new publication and action in public space. Also part Aristide Antonas, lives in Athens, architect and of a research group at the SPEAP program writer with PhD in Philosophy, associate professor of the Sciences Po Ecole des Arts Politiques, of architecture, co-curator for the Greek Pavilion directed by Bruno Latour. at the Venice Architecture Biennial, and co-found- Carlo Ratti, lives in Boston, Massachusetts, er of Built Event, spatial practices for architecture, director of the SENSEable City Media Lab at art, curating and urbanism. MIT. Daniele Ansidei, lives and works in Berlin. His Stella Sophie Serogiou, lives in Thessaloniki research focuses on the anthropological role of and Karlsruhe, student at Hfg Karlsruhe. contemporary photography, seen as a means for Francesco Siddi, lives in Trento, specialist in investigating emerging social and cultural dyna- 3D rendering and film special effects. mics. Stefano Tamburini, lives in Turin, geological Fabian Bechtle, lives in Berlin, artist, works with expert in 3D laser scanning and mapping tech- performance and video art, Meisterschüler at nology. HGB Leipzig. Damien Bright, lives in Paris, researcher, mem- ber of SPEAP. Giulia Bruno, lives in Milan and Berlin, photogra- DESERTMED

Desertmed would like to thank in particular

Flavio Albanese, Fabian Bechtle, Paolo Berto, Milena Brambilla, Nina Brambilla, Roberto Badoglio, Damien Bright, Giulia Bruno, Alice Bulgari, Pierluigi Cacioppo, Renato Cafiero, Giuseppe Calabrese, Gennaro Carducci, Aurora Ciardelli, Massimiliano Cipriano, Paolo Colombo, Sandro Cortis, Lieven De Cauter, Diego Domenico, Luca Fais, Laura Fiorio, Carlo Forteleoni, Kurt W. Forster, Els Hanappe, Rebecca Harms, Iginio Marson, Mauro Martino, Romina Mastellone, Salah Matmati, Francesco Mattuzzi, Carlo Alberto Mazzerbo, Daniele Milani, Giulia Nomis, Raja Noomane, Viviana Panaccia, Francesca Pennone, Fran- co Pennone, Alessandro Petti, Valerie Pihet, Giulia Pireddu, Simona Pompilio, Carlo Ratti, Valerio Rosano, Annalisa Rosso, Luca Rotondo, Tassos Sakellaropoulos, Alessio Satta, Salvatore Schiano di Colella, Stella-Sophie Seroglou, Atman Shanoun, Lazarus Siakos, Francesco Siddi, Alessandro Silva, Laura Silva, Paolo Soravia, Martina Sorbello, Benedetta Spalletti, Angelika Stepken, Onofrio Storniolo, Andrea Tamburini, Elisabetta Terragni, Mario Tozzi, Silvio Vetrano, Antje Weitzel, Edmond Zhupani

Desertmed would like to thank for their support

Albanian Ministry of Defense / Albanian Ministry of Tourism / Benaki Museum, Athens / Commissariat National du Littoral d’Algérie / Commissariat Regional au Tourisme, Bizerte / Comando Generale Capitanerie di Porto - Guardia Costiera, Roma / Conservatoria delle Coste della Sardegna, Cagliari / Corpo Forestale dello Stato, Roma / Direzione e Amminis- trazione Penitenziaria del carcere di Pianosa e Gorgona / Ente Parco Nazionale Arcipelago Toscano / Ente Nazionale Tunisino per il Turismo, Milano / Galleria Vistamare, Pescara / Istanbul Museum of Modern Art / Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e Geofisica Sperimen- tale, Trieste / IUAV. Università di Arte e Design, Venezia / MAXXI. Museo Nazionale delle arti contemporanee, Roma / NGBK, Berlin / Science Po Media Lab, Paris / Ministère de la Communication d’Algérie / Ministère de l’Environnement d’Algérie / MIT. Senseable City Lab, Boston / Navionics™ / Parco Nazionale dell’Asinara / Stavros Niarchos Foundation, Athens / Telespazio, Roma / University of , Department of Architecture, Volos / Villa Romana, Firenze / ZKM. Museum für Kunst und Medien, Karlsruhe