DOCSLIB.ORG

Download Download

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Download Download COBISS: 1.01 Cave and Karst evolution in the Alps and their relation to paleoclimate and paleotopographY RAZVOJ JAM IN KRASA V ALPAH V LUČI PALEOKLIME IN PALEOTOPOGRAFIJE Philippe Audra1, Alfredo Bini2, Franci GabrovŠek3, Philipp HÄuselmann4, Fabien HoblÉA5, Pierre-Yves Jeannin6, Jurij Kunaver7, Michel Monbaron8, France ŠUŠterŠIČ9, Paola Tognini10, Hubert Trimmel11 & Andres Wildberger12 Abstract UDC 551.435.84(234.3) Izvleček UDK 551.435.84(234.3) Philippe Audra, Alfredo Bini, Franci Gabrovšek, Philipp Philippe Audra, Alfredo Bini, Franci Gabrovšek, Philipp Häuselmann, Fabien Hobléa, Pierre-Yves Jeannin, Jurij Ku- Häuselmann, Fabien Hobléa, Pierre-Yves Jeannin, Jurij Ku- naver, Michel Monbaron, France Šušteršič, Paola Tognini, naver, Michel Monbaron, France Šušteršič, Paola Tognini, Hubert Trimmel & Andres Wildberger: Cave and Karst evolu- Hubert Trimmel & Andres Wildberger: Razvoj krasa in jam v tion in the Alps and their relation to paleoclimate and paleo- Alpah v luči paleoklime in paleotopografije topography V članku predstavimo nova spoznanja o razvoju alpskih jam. Progress in the understanding of cave genesis processes, as Ta temeljijo na sintezi novih dognanj o procesih speleogeneze well as the intensive research carried out in the Alps during the in rezultatih intenzivnih terenskih raziskav v Alpah v zadnjih last decades, permit to summarize the latest knowledge about desetletjih. Razvoj freatičnih delov jamskih sistemov poteka v Alpine caves. The phreatic parts of cave systems develop close bližini freatične površine, ki je vezana na položaj izvirov, ti pa to the karst water table, which depends on the spring position, so vezani na dno alpskih dolin. Torej je razvoj jam neposredno which in turn is generally related to the valley bottom. Thus, vezan na geomorfološki razvoj terena in poglabljanje dolin. caves are directly linked with the geomorphic evolution of the Jamski sedimenti nosijo informacijo o zaporedju morfoloških surface and reflect valley deepening. The sediments deposited in klimatskih dogodkov. Še več, določanje starosti jam in pote- in the caves help to reconstruct the morphologic succession and ka razvoja površja, je možno edino z datacijo jamskih sedimen- the paleoclimatic evolution. Moreover, they are the only means tov. Razvoj jam se začne ob emerziji apnenca in vzpostavitvi to date the caves and thus the landscape evolution. Caves appear hidravličnega gradienta. Mezocojski in zgodnje terciarni pa- as soon as there is an emersion of limestone from the sea and leokras v območju Alp so dokaz starih emerzij. Hidrotermalni a water table gradient. Mesozoic and early tertiary paleokarsts kras je očitno bolj razširjen, kot so domnevali v preteklosti. Te within the alpine range prove of these ancient emersions. Hy- jame so bile pozneje preoblikovane z meteorno vodo, ki je za- drothermal karst seems to be more widespread than previously brisala sledi zgodnjega hipogenega zakrasevanja. Ledeniki zavi- 1 Équipe Gestion et valorisation de l’environnement, UMR 6012 “ESPACE” CNRS, University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 98 boule- vard Édouard Herriot, BP 209, 06204 Nice cedex, France ([email protected]). 2 Dipartimento di Scienze della terra, Università di Milano, via Mangiagalli 34, 20133 Milano, Italy ([email protected]) 3 Karst research Institute ZRC SAZU, Titov trg 2, 66230 Postojna, Slovenia ([email protected]) 4 Institut suisse de spéléologie et de karstologie (ISSKA), CP 818, 2301 La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland ([email protected]) 5 EDYTEM, Université de Savoie, 73376 Le Bourget cédex (Fabien.Hoblea @ univ-savoie.fr) 6 Institut suisse de spéléologie et de karstologie (ISSKA), CP 818, 2301 La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerland ([email protected]) 7 Hubadova ulica 16, 61000 Ljubljana, Slovenia ([email protected]) 8 Département de géosciences/géographie, ch. du Musée 4, Université de Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland ([email protected]) 9 Dept. of Geology NTF, University of Ljubljana, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia ([email protected]) 10 via Santuario inferiore, 33/D, 23890 Barzago (LC), Italy ([email protected]) 11 Draschestrasse 77, 1230 Wien, Austria ([email protected]) 12 Dr. von Moos AG, Engineering Geology, 8037 Zürich, Switzerland ([email protected]) Received/Prejeto: 01.12.2006 TIME in KARST, POSTOJNA 2007, 53–67 Philippe Audra, Alfredo Bini, Franci GabrovŠek, Philipp HÄuselmann, Fabien HoblÉA, Pierre-Yves Jeannin, ... presumed. This is mostly due to the fact that usually, hydro- rajo procese speleogeneze in zapolnjujejo jame. Na razvoj jam thermal caves are later reused (and reshaped) by meteoric wa- vplivajo posredno, preko poglabljanja dolin in brušenja površja. ters. Rock-ghost weathering is described as a new cave genesis Novejše datacije kažejo, da so številne jame v Alpah pliocenske agent. On the contrary, glaciers hinder cave genesis processes ali celo miocenske starosti. Nove datacijske metode − predvsem and fill caves. They mainly influence cave genesis indirectly by metoda kozmogenih nuklidov − bodo omogočile absolutno valley deepening and abrasion of the caprock. All present dat- datacijo sedimentov do pliocenske starosti. ings suggest that many alpine caves (excluding paleokarst) are Ključne besede: kras, geneza jam, Alpe, poledenitve, mesinska of Pliocene or even Miocene age. Progress in dating methods stopnja. (mainly the recent evolution with cosmogenic nuclides) should permit, in the near future, to date not only Pleistocene, but also Pliocene cave sediments absolutely. Key Words: Karst, Cave genesis, Alps, Glaciations, Messinian event, Paleoclimate, Paleotopography. Introduction Progress in cave exploration and cave genesis studies and timing of the landscape: Part I presents the latest (Audra 1994, Jeannin 1996, Palmer 2000) permitted to results concerning cave genesis and their link with the recognize the potential of caves for the study of land- landscape. Part II deals with new concepts about early scape evolution, valley deepening and thus erosion rates cave genesis, including pre-existing karst systems (paleo- and climate changes (Häuselmann et al. 2002; Bini et al. karst), hydrothermal karst, and pseudokarst. Many caves 1997). Most of the information that is sheltered within are older than the glaciations and glaciers generally are the cave’s morphology and sediments is no more avail- rather hindering cave genesis processes. Part III conse- able at the surface, mainly due to the intensive erosion, quently presents evidences supporting a high age of many especially during the glaciations. cave systems. In Part IV, ages obtained by different dating This article gives information about cave genesis methods prove that karst genesis in the Alps started far and its potential for the reconstruction of the evolution before the Quaternary, as far as the Cretaceous. Setting The Alpine belt extends from Nice (France) to Vienna Liechtenstein, Austria, Germany and Slovenia). Karsts (Austria) into seven countries (France, Switzerland, Italy, and caves are found in each country, the largest karst ar- eas being located in periphery (Fig. 1). All massifs are dissected by deep- ly entrenched valleys which divide continuous structures into different physiographic units. Annual pre- cipitation range from 1500 to more than 3000 mm. The French Western Prealps consist of folded and thrusted mas- sifs of mainly Cretaceous rocks. The elevation ranges generally between Fig. 1: Map of the alpine karsts (dark color) with location of the mentioned massifs (karst areas after: Buzio & Faverjon 1996; Mihevc 1998; Stummer & Pavuza 2001; Wildberger & Preiswerk 1997. Map: D. Cardis). 54 TIME in KARST – 2007 Cave and Karst evolution in the Alps and their relation to paleoclimate and paleotopographY 1000 and 2000 m. The Vercors displays a landscape of The Northern Calcareous Alps in Austria are com- ridges and valleys, whereas the Chartreuse presents a posed of a slightly folded succession of Trias limestones steep, inverted relief. and dolomites with a thickness of more than 1000 m. The Central Swiss Alps harbors the highest alpine Large plateaus extend from 1800 to 2200 m ASL. karst areas at Jungfrau (3470 m ASL). The Siebenhengste In the Slovenian Alps, the Julian and the Kamnik (2000 m ASL) and the Hölloch-Silberen (2450 m ASL) Alps correspond to the roots of the Austrian nappes. consist of nappes of Cretaceous and Eocene rocks. Thus the landscape is often similar, with plateaus and The Italian Southern Alps are located to the south of narrow steep ridges dominated by high peaks reaching the Insubric Line. The carbonate rocks range in age from more than 2800 m ASL. Carboniferous to Cretaceous-Eocene. They are deformed and displaced by S-vergent thrusting and large scale fold- ing. The elevation ranges from 200 m to 2400 m ASL. General concepts of cave genesis The basics of cave genesis are beyond the scope of Recognition of cave genesis phases and this paper. The reader can refer to the most comprehen- relation to the spring sive and up-to-date work Speleogenesis: Evolution of Karst Aquifers (Klimchouk et al. 2000). Within the saturated zone, two geometric types of con- duits prevail (Ford 1977, 2000): 1) the water table caves, Genesis of caves and morphologY represented by horizontal conduits located at the top of of passages related to Water the saturated zone; 2) the looping caves, represented by table position vertically lowering and rising conduits, whose amplitude may reach as much as 300 m, or even more. Water flowing into limestone corrodes and erodes the A “phase of
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Traces to the Oldest Flint and Rock Crystal Mining Places in the Austrian
    Stéfan Tzortzis et Xavier Delestre (dir.) Archéologie de la montagne européenne Actes de la table ronde internationale de Gap, 29 septembre-1er octobre 2008 Publications du Centre Camille Jullian Traces to the oldest flint and rock crystal mining places in the Austrian Alps Les plus anciens sites d’extraction de silex et de cristal de roche dans les Alpes autrichiennes Walter Leitner Éditeur : Publications du Centre Camille Jullian, Éditions Errance Lieu d'édition : Aix-en-Provence Année d'édition : 2010 Date de mise en ligne : 13 février 2020 Collection : Bibliothèque d’archéologie méditerranéenne et africaine ISBN électronique : 9782957155736 http://books.openedition.org Édition imprimée Date de publication : 1 juin 2010 Référence électronique LEITNER, Walter. Traces to the oldest flint and rock crystal mining places in the Austrian Alps In : Archéologie de la montagne européenne : Actes de la table ronde internationale de Gap, 29 septembre-1er octobre 2008 [en ligne]. Aix-en-Provence : Publications du Centre Camille Jullian, 2010 (généré le 03 avril 2020). Disponible sur Internet : <http://books.openedition.org/pccj/337>. ISBN : 9782957155736. II. CHRONOLOGIES, PALÉO-ENVIRONNEMENT, MODALITÉS DE FRÉQUENTATION ET D’EXPLOITATION Fig. 1. Map of Western Austria with the four find-spots in the investigation area (Landsat/ESA ©). Fig. 2. The wooded hilltop of the Bärenkopf in the Gemsteltal. The red circle marks the mining area (© Walter Leitner). Fig. 3. Stepped formation of the radiolarite layers as a result of man-made reduction (© Walter Leitner). 152 Traces to the oldest flint and rock crystal mining places in the Austrian Alps Walter leiTner* Abstract. Recently the Institute of Archaeology (Dep.
    [Show full text]
  • From Upper Triassic of the Northern Ca
    STUDIA UNIVERSITATIS BABEŞ-BOLYAI, GEOLOGIA, XLVIII, 2, 2003, 101-111 HIRUNDOPORELLA DACHSTEINENSIS N. GEN., N. SP., A NEW PROBLEMATIC DASYCLADALE (GREEN ALGA) FROM THE UPPER TRIASSIC OF THE NORTHERN CALCAREOUS ALPS, AUSTRIA. FELIX SCHLAGINTWEIT1, HARALD LOBITZER2 & OSKAR EBLI3 ABSTRACT. A new problematic dasycladale is described as Hirundoporella dachsteinensis nov. gen., n. sp. from the Upper Triassic bedded Dachstein Limestone of Mount Dachstein, Austria. It is characterized by individualized phloiophorous laterals, open at the ends and secondary laterals of low number arising in the middle part of the primaries. Nothing is known about the obviously thin and poorly calcified main-axis and the overall arrangement of the primaries. The microfacies is represented by a wackestone composed to about 70 % of dismembered laterals of Hirundoporella dachsteinensis n. sp. Key Words: Calcareous Algae, Dasycladales, Upper Triassic, Norian-Rhaetian, Dachstein Limestone, Northern Calcareous Alps, Austria INTRODUCTION The Austroalpine Dachstein nappe with the Dachstein mountains is part of the Triassic shallow marine carbonate shelf that at its southern rim bordered the Tethys ocean with the adjacent deeper water Hallstatt realm (e.g. Haas et al., 1995, Mandl 2000). The Upper Triassic Dachstein-type platforms are widespread in the Mediterranean realm and even Japan (Kristan-Tollmann 1991). The Dachstein facies comprises reefs at the southern border, northward passing into back-reef and lagoonal deposits of the so-called “bedded Dachstein limestone” (e.g. Zankl 1971). The latter exhibits a typical cyclicity, the so-called “Lofer cyclothems” (layer A, B, C) studied by Fischer (1964). With respect to the reefal and near-reef facies, a more detailed differentiation has been established with typical assemblages of benthic foraminifera and dasycladales (Senowbari-Daryan & Schäfer, 1978, 1979; Wurm, 1982).
    [Show full text]
  • Geological Excursion BASE-Line Earth
    Geological Excursion BASE-LiNE Earth (Graz Paleozoic, Geopark Karavanke, Austria) 7.6. – 9.6. 2016 Route: 1. Day: Graz Paleozoic in the vicinity of Graz. Devonian Limestone with brachiopods. Bus transfer to Bad Eisenkappel. 2. Day: Visit of Geopark Center in Bad Eisenkappel. Walk on Hochobir (2.139 m) – Triassic carbonates. 3. Day: Bus transfer to Mezica (Slo) – visit of lead and zinc mine (Triassic carbonates). Transfer back to Graz. CONTENT Route: ................................................................................................................................... 1 Graz Paleozoic ...................................................................................................................... 2 Mesozoic of Northern Karavanke .......................................................................................... 6 Linking geology between the Geoparks Carnic and Karavanke Alps across the Periadriatic Line ....................................................................................................................................... 9 I: Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 9 II. Tectonic subdivision and correlation .............................................................................10 Geodynamic evolution ...................................................................................................16 Alpine history in eight steps ...........................................................................................17
    [Show full text]
  • High-Mountain Permafrost in the Austrian Alps (Europe)
    HIGH-MOUNTAIN PERMAFROST IN THE AUSTRIAN ALPS (EUROPE) Gerhard Karl Lieb Institute of Geography University of Graz Heinrichstrasse 36 A-8010 Graz e-mail: [email protected] Abstract Permafrost research in the Austrian Alps (Eastern Alps) is based on a variety of methods, including at large scales, the measurement of the temperature of springs and of the base of winter snow cover, and at small scales, mainly an inventory of some 1450 rock glaciers. Taking all the information available into consideration, the lower limit of discontinuous permafrost is situated near 2500 m in most of the Austrian Alps. These results can be used for modelling the permafrost distribution within a geographical information system. Detailed investi- gations were carried out in the Doesen Valley (Hohe Tauern range) using additional methods, including several geophysical soundings. In this way, realistic estimates of certain permafrost characteristics and the volume of a large active rock glacier (some 15x106m3) were possible. This rock glacier has been chosen as a monitoring site to observe the effects of past and future climatic change. Introduction snow cover (BTS) and geophysical soundings, such as seismic, geoelectric, electromagnetic and ground pene- Although mountain permafrost in the Austrian Alps trating radar surveys have been published (survey and has caused construction problems and damage to buil- references in Lieb, 1996). The best results for mapping dings at several high-altitude locations, specific investi- the mere existence of permafrost were obtained by mea- gations of permafrost did not start until 1980. Since suring spring temperatures and BTS, both procedures then, studies of the distribution and certain characteris- being easily applicable and providing quite accurate tics of permafrost have been carried out at a number of interpretation.
    [Show full text]
  • 51 20 Sommerfaltkarte EN.Indd
    Want to see the towns and villages on the map? Please turn over! 1 Good to know 2 Region & people 1.1 Tourism Boards Long-distance hiking MTB Climbing Families X 1.2 Travelling to Tirol 2.1 Tirol‘s Mountains XX 2.3 Food & Drink Telephone number & Towns and villages in this region e-mail address Webseite Region good for ARRIVING BY TRAIN coming from Switzerland Tirol is a land of mountains, home to more than 500 summits International Intercity via St. Anton am Arlberg. over 3,000 metres. The northern part of Tirol is dominated by 1 Achensee Tourismus Achenkirch, Maurach, Pertisau, +43.5246.5300-0 www.achensee.com trains run by the ÖBB Drivers using Austrian the Northern Limestone Alps, which include the Wetterstein Steinberg am Rofan [email protected] (Austrian Federal Rail- motorways must pay a and Kaiser Mountains, the Brandenberg and Lechtal Alps, the ways) are a comfortable way toll charge. Toll stickers Karwendel Mountains and the Mieming Mountains. The Sou- 2 Alpbachtal Alpbach, Brandenberg, Breitenbach am Inn, +43.5337.21200 www.alpbachtal.at to get to Tirol. The central (Vignetten) can be bought Brixlegg, Kramsach, Kundl, Münster, Radfeld, [email protected] thern Limestone Alps run along the borders with Carinthia Rattenberg, Reith im Alpbachtal train station in Innsbruck from Austrian automobile and Italy. They comprise the Carnic and Gailtal Alps as well serves as an important hub associations as well as at as the Lienz Dolomites. The Limestone Alps were formed long 3 Erste Ferienregion Aschau, Bruck am Ziller, Fügen, Fügenberg, +43.5288.62262 www.best-of-zillertal.at im Zillertal Gerlos, Hart, Hippach, Hochfügen, Kaltenbach, [email protected] and so do the stations at petrol stations and border ago by sediments of an ancient ocean.
    [Show full text]
  • Chasmophytic Vegetation of Silicate Rocks on the Southern Outcrops of the Alps in Slovenia
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Wulfenia Jahr/Year: 2011 Band/Volume: 18 Autor(en)/Author(s): Juvan Nina, Carni [ÄŒarni] Andraz [Andraž], Jogan Nejc Artikel/Article: Chasmophytic vegetation of silicate rocks on the southern outcrops of the Alps in Slovenia. 133-156 © Landesmuseum für Kärnten; download www.landesmuseum.ktn.gv.at/wulfenia; www.biologiezentrum.at Wulfenia 18 (2011): 133 –156 Mitteilungen des Kärntner Botanikzentrums Klagenfurt Chasmophytic vegetation of silicate rocks on the southern outcrops of the Alps in Slovenia Nina Juvan, Andraž Čarni & Nejc Jogan Summary: Applying the standard central-European method we studied the chasmophytic vegetation of the silicate rocks on the southern outcrops of the Alps in the territory of Slovenia, in the Kamnik- Savinja Alps, the eastern Karavanke mountains, on Mt. Kozjak and the Pohorje mountains. Three communities of the order Androsacetalia vandellii (Asplenietea trichomanis) were recognized: Campanulo cochleariifoliae-Primuletum villosae ass. nova (Androsacion vandellii ), Woodsio ilvensis-Asplenietum septentrionalis (Asplenion septentrionalis) and Hypno-Polypodietum (Hypno-Polypodion vulgaris). The communities are distinguished by altitude, light intensity, temperature and the number of endemic species, south-European orophytes or cosmopolite species. Altitude is a signifi cant factor aff ecting the fl oristic composition of the studied vegetation. Keywords: chasmophytic
    [Show full text]
  • HIKING in SLOVENIA Green
    HIKING IN SLOVENIA Green. Active. Healthy. www.slovenia.info #ifeelsLOVEnia www.hiking-biking-slovenia.com |1 THE LOVE OF WALKING AT YOUR FINGERTIPS The green heart of Europe is home to active peop- le. Slovenia is a story of love, a love of being active in nature, which is almost second nature to Slovenians. In every large town or village, you can enjoy a view of green hills or Alpine peaks, and almost every Slove- nian loves to put on their hiking boots and yell out a hurrah in the embrace of the mountains. Thenew guidebook will show you the most beauti- ful hiking trails around Slovenia and tips on how to prepare for hiking, what to experience and taste, where to spend the night, and how to treat yourself after a long day of hiking. Save the dates of the biggest hiking celebrations in Slovenia – the Slovenia Hiking Festivals. Indeed, Slovenians walk always and everywhere. We are proud to celebrate 120 years of the Alpine Associati- on of Slovenia, the biggest volunteer organisation in Slovenia, responsible for maintaining mountain trails. Themountaineering culture and excitement about the beauty of Slovenia’s nature connects all generations, all Slovenian tourist farms and wine cellars. Experience this joy and connection between people in motion. This is the beginning of themighty Alpine mountain chain, where the mysterious Dinaric Alps reach their heights, and where karst caves dominate the subterranean world. There arerolling, wine-pro- ducing hills wherever you look, the Pannonian Plain spreads out like a carpet, and one can always sense the aroma of the salty Adriatic Sea.
    [Show full text]
  • Cene Prehistory in the Tyrolean Alps Has Been Started in the Early
    The Mesolithic Project Ullafelsen in Tyrol (Austria) Dieter Schäfer, Working Group ‚High Mountain Archaeology and Quaternary Ecology‘, Institute for Geology and Paleontology, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 52, A-6020 Innsbruck; mail dieter. [email protected] Abstract Systematic field research about early Holo- Main starting point for further cooperations cene Prehistory in the Tyrolean Alps has been A: Apparently, several of the lithic raw-material started in the early 1990ies after the find of the groups had no native source in the region of late Neolithic mummy known as the ‘ Tyrolean North Tyrol. But where did these silex groups Iceman’. The central focus of the project is the came from – and how did they arrived here? It old Mesolithic site ‘Ullafelsen’. The prominent became clear that the answers to those questi- felsic bedrock is situated in the Fotscher valley ons could help to gain insights into the living around 25 km southwest of Innsbruck. A team environment and movements of the Mesolithic of geoscientists, botanists, archaeologists and people in Alpine regions. other contributed to the project which has been B: Some of the Preboreal and Boreal fireplaces supported by the Austrian Science Foundation featured well-preserved charcoal. This raised (FWF) in Vienna (Schäfer 2011). hopes of answering the question: Are there any correlations between the composition of plant Introduction species found in the charcoal of the fireplaces The “Mesolithic Project Ullafelsen” was set up to and the vegetation (treeline) in the Early Holo- investigate the man-environment relationship cene? from the late glacial period (called Würmian in C: Specific features were found in several soil the Alps) until the Early Holocene in the wes- profiles.
    [Show full text]
  • Download From
    Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands (RIS) – 2009-2012 version Available for download from http://www.ramsar.org/ris/key_ris_index.htm. Categories approved by Recommendation 4.7 (1990), as amended by Resolution VIII.13 of the 8th Conference of the Contracting Parties (2002) and Resolutions IX.1 Annex B, IX.6, IX.21 and IX. 22 of the 9th Conference of the Contracting Parties (2005). Notes for compilers: 1. The RIS should be completed in accordance with the attached Explanatory Notes and Guidelines for completing the Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands. Compilers are strongly advised to read this guidance before filling in the RIS. 2. Further information and guidance in support of Ramsar site designations are provided in the Strategic Framework and guidelines for the future development of the List of Wetlands of International Importance (Ramsar Wise Use Handbook 14, 3rd edition). A 4th edition of the Handbook is in preparation and will be available in 2009. 3. Once completed, the RIS (and accompanying map(s)) should be submitted to the Ramsar Secretariat. Compilers should provide an electronic (MS Word) copy of the RIS and, where possible, digital copies of all maps. 1. Name and address of the compiler of this form: FOR OFFICE USE ONLY. Prof. Dr. Gert Michael Steiner, DD MM YY Dept. of Conservation Biology, Vegetation and Landscape Ecology, University of Vienna, Rennweg 14, A-1030 Vienna, Austria Designation date Site Reference Number Mail: [email protected] DI Gerald Plattner, Nature Protection Unit of the Austrian Federal Forests (ÖBf AG) Pummergasse 10-12 A-3002 Purkersdorf Mail: [email protected] 2.
    [Show full text]
  • BROWN BEARS in AUSTRIA 10 Years of Conservation and Actions for the Future
    Federal Environment Agency – Austria BROWN BEARS IN AUSTRIA 10 Years of Conservation and Actions for the Future Andreas ZEDROSSER Norbert GERSTL Georg RAUER MONOGRAPHIEN Band M-117 M-117 Wien, 1999 Projektleiter Erich Weigand Maria Tiefenbach (Federal Environment Agency – Austria) Autoren Andreas Zedrosser Norbert Gerstl Georg Rauer (World Wide Fund of Nature) Kartenerstellung Felix Lux (Federal Environment Agency – Austria) Titelphoto „Bears IN Austria“ (Illustration: Sibylle Vogel) Impressum Medieninhaber und Herausgeber: Umweltbundesamt GmbH (Federal Environment Agency Ltd) Spittelauer Lände 5, A-1090 Wien (Vienna), Austria Druck: Weitzer & Partner, 8045 Graz © Umweltbundesamt GmbH, Wien 1999 Alle Rechte vorbehalten (all rights reserved) ISBN 3-85457-524-6 Brown Bears in Austria – Inhalt 3 INHALT Seite SUMMARY............................................................................................................... 5 1 INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................... 6 2 A “SHORT” HISTORY OF BEARS IN AUSTRIA................................................ 7 2.1 The Ötscher Bear – Corn Telemetry and Rnergy Drinks....................................... 8 3 HOW EVERYTHING STARTED............................................................................ 9 4 THE REINTRODUCTION PROJECT.................................................................. 10 4.1 Chronology............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Field Trip B2: Triassic to Early Cretaceous Geodynamic History of the Central Northern Calcareous Alps (Northwestern Tethyan Realm)
    ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Berichte der Geologischen Bundesanstalt Jahr/Year: 2013 Band/Volume: 99 Autor(en)/Author(s): Gawlick Hans-Jürgen, Missoni Sigrid Artikel/Article: Field Trip B2: Triassic to Early Cretaceous geodynamic history of the central Northern Calcareous Alps (Northwestern Tethyan realm). 216-270 ©Geol. Bundesanstalt, Wien; download unter www.geologie.ac.at Berichte Geol. B.-A., 99 11th Workshop on Alpine Geological Studies & 7th IFAA Field Trip B2: Triassic to Early Cretaceous geodynamic history of the central Northern Calcareous Alps (Northwestern Tethyan realm) Hans-Jürgen Gawlick & Sigrid Missoni University of Leoben, Department of Applied Geosciences and Geophysics, Petroleum Geology, Peter-Tunner-Strasse 5, 8700 Leoben, Austria Content Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Overall geodynamic and sedimentary evolution 3 Palaeogeography, sedimentary successions and stratigraphy 3.1 Hauptdolomit facies zone 3.2 Dachstein Limestone facies zone 3.3 Hallstatt facies zone (preserved in the reworked Jurassic Hallstatt Mélange) 4 The Field Trip 4.1 The Late Triassic Dachstein/Hauptdolomit Carbonate Platform 4.1.1 Hauptdolomit (Mörtlbach road) 4.1.2 Lagoonal Dachstein Limestone: The classical Lofer cycle (Pass Lueg) 4.1.3 The Kössen Basin (Pass Lueg and Mörtlbach road) 4.2 Jurassic evolution 4.2.1 Hettangian to Aalenian 4.2.2 Bajocian to Tithonian 4.3 Early Cretaceous References Abstract The topic of this field trip is to get to know and understand the sedimentation of Austria’s Northern Calcareous Alps and its tectonic circumstances from Triassic rifting/drifting to Jurassic collision/accretion, and the Early Cretaceous “post-tectonic” sedimentary history.
    [Show full text]
  • Upper Triassic Corals and Carbonate Reef Facies from the Martin Bridge and Hurwal Formations, Wallowa Terrane (Oregon)
    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2010 UPPER TRIASSIC CORALS AND CARBONATE REEF FACIES FROM THE MARTIN BRIDGE AND HURWAL FORMATIONS, WALLOWA TERRANE (OREGON) Megan Ruth Rosenblatt The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Rosenblatt, Megan Ruth, "UPPER TRIASSIC CORALS AND CARBONATE REEF FACIES FROM THE MARTIN BRIDGE AND HURWAL FORMATIONS, WALLOWA TERRANE (OREGON)" (2010). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 1354. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/1354 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. UPPER TRIASSIC CORALS AND CARBONATE REEF FACIES FROM THE MARTIN BRIDGE AND HURWAL FORMATIONS, WALLOWA TERRANE (OREGON) By MEGAN RUTH ROSENBLATT Bachelor of Science, College of Charleston, Charleston SC, 2006 Thesis Presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Geosciences The University of Montana Missoula, MT December 2010 Approved by: Perry Brown, Associate Provost for Graduate Education Graduate School George Stanley, Ph.D., Chair Geosciences Marc Hendrix, Ph.D. Geosciences Jon Graham, Ph.D. Mathematical Sciences i ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank the National Science Foundation for field and laboratory funding from a grant awarded to George Stanley. For tuition and salary as a Research Assistant I would like to thank the Innovative Technology Experiences for Students and Teachers (ITEST) section of the National Science Foundation; a grant awarded to Heather Almquist and George Stanley.
    [Show full text]