Powderpost Beetles
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Nuisance Insects and Climate Change
www.defra.gov.uk Nuisance Insects and Climate Change March 2009 Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs Nobel House 17 Smith Square London SW1P 3JR Tel: 020 7238 6000 Website: www.defra.gov.uk © Queen's Printer and Controller of HMSO 2007 This publication is value added. If you wish to re-use this material, please apply for a Click-Use Licence for value added material at http://www.opsi.gov.uk/click-use/value-added-licence- information/index.htm. Alternatively applications can be sent to Office of Public Sector Information, Information Policy Team, St Clements House, 2-16 Colegate, Norwich NR3 1BQ; Fax: +44 (0)1603 723000; email: [email protected] Information about this publication and further copies are available from: Local Environment Protection Defra Nobel House Area 2A 17 Smith Square London SW1P 3JR Email: [email protected] This document is also available on the Defra website and has been prepared by Centre of Ecology and Hydrology. Published by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs 2 An Investigation into the Potential for New and Existing Species of Insect with the Potential to Cause Statutory Nuisance to Occur in the UK as a Result of Current and Predicted Climate Change Roy, H.E.1, Beckmann, B.C.1, Comont, R.F.1, Hails, R.S.1, Harrington, R.2, Medlock, J.3, Purse, B.1, Shortall, C.R.2 1Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, 2Rothamsted Research, 3Health Protection Agency March 2009 3 Contents Summary 5 1.0 Background 6 1.1 Consortium to perform the work 7 1.2 Objectives 7 2.0 -
The Evolution and Genomic Basis of Beetle Diversity
The evolution and genomic basis of beetle diversity Duane D. McKennaa,b,1,2, Seunggwan Shina,b,2, Dirk Ahrensc, Michael Balked, Cristian Beza-Bezaa,b, Dave J. Clarkea,b, Alexander Donathe, Hermes E. Escalonae,f,g, Frank Friedrichh, Harald Letschi, Shanlin Liuj, David Maddisonk, Christoph Mayere, Bernhard Misofe, Peyton J. Murina, Oliver Niehuisg, Ralph S. Petersc, Lars Podsiadlowskie, l m l,n o f l Hans Pohl , Erin D. Scully , Evgeny V. Yan , Xin Zhou , Adam Slipinski , and Rolf G. Beutel aDepartment of Biological Sciences, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; bCenter for Biodiversity Research, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152; cCenter for Taxonomy and Evolutionary Research, Arthropoda Department, Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, 53113 Bonn, Germany; dBavarian State Collection of Zoology, Bavarian Natural History Collections, 81247 Munich, Germany; eCenter for Molecular Biodiversity Research, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, 53113 Bonn, Germany; fAustralian National Insect Collection, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia; gDepartment of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, Institute for Biology I (Zoology), University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; hInstitute of Zoology, University of Hamburg, D-20146 Hamburg, Germany; iDepartment of Botany and Biodiversity Research, University of Wien, Wien 1030, Austria; jChina National GeneBank, BGI-Shenzhen, 518083 Guangdong, People’s Republic of China; kDepartment of Integrative Biology, Oregon State -
Household Insects of the Rocky Mountain States
Household Insects of the Rocky Mountain States Bulletin 557A January 1994 Colorado State University, University of Wyoming, Montana State University Issued in furtherance of Cooperative Extension work, Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914, in cooperation with the U.S. Department of Agriculture, Milan Rewerts, interim director of Cooperative Extension, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado. Cooperative Extension programs are available to all without discrimination. No endorsement of products named is intended nor is criticism implied of products not mentioned. FOREWORD This publication provides information on the identification, general biology and management of insects associated with homes in the Rocky Mountain/High Plains region. Records from Colorado, Wyoming and Montana were used as primary reference for the species to include. Mention of more specific localities (e.g., extreme southwestern Colorado, Front Range) is provided when the insects show more restricted distribution. Line drawings are provided to assist in identification. In addition, there are several lists based on habits (e.g., flying), size, and distribution in the home. These are found in tables and appendices throughout this manual. Control strategies are the choice of the home dweller. Often simple practices can be effective, once the biology and habits of the insect are understood. Many of the insects found in homes are merely casual invaders that do not reproduce nor pose a threat to humans, stored food or furnishings. These may often originate from conditions that exist outside the dwelling. Other insects found in homes may be controlled by sanitation and household maintenance, such as altering potential breeding areas (e.g., leaky faucets, spilled food, effective screening). -
Oregon Invasive Species Action Plan
Oregon Invasive Species Action Plan June 2005 Martin Nugent, Chair Wildlife Diversity Coordinator Oregon Department of Fish & Wildlife PO Box 59 Portland, OR 97207 (503) 872-5260 x5346 FAX: (503) 872-5269 [email protected] Kev Alexanian Dan Hilburn Sam Chan Bill Reynolds Suzanne Cudd Eric Schwamberger Risa Demasi Mark Systma Chris Guntermann Mandy Tu Randy Henry 7/15/05 Table of Contents Chapter 1........................................................................................................................3 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 3 What’s Going On?........................................................................................................................................ 3 Oregon Examples......................................................................................................................................... 5 Goal............................................................................................................................................................... 6 Invasive Species Council................................................................................................................. 6 Statute ........................................................................................................................................................... 6 Functions ..................................................................................................................................................... -
Coleoptera) 69 Doi: 10.3897/Zookeys.481.8294 RESEARCH ARTICLE Launched to Accelerate Biodiversity Research
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 481: 69–108 (2015) The Bostrichidae of the Maltese Islands( Coleoptera) 69 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.481.8294 RESEARCH ARTICLE http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research The Bostrichidae of the Maltese Islands (Coleoptera) Gianluca Nardi1, David Mifsud2 1 Centro Nazionale per lo Studio e la Conservazione della Biodiversità Forestale “Bosco Fontana”, Sede di Bosco Fontana – Corpo Forestale dello Stato, Strada Mantova 29, I-46045 Marmirolo (MN), Italy 2 Institute of Earth Systems, Division of Rural Sciences and Food Systems, University of Malta, Msida MSD 2080, Malta Corresponding author: Gianluca Nardi ([email protected]) Academic editor: C. Majka | Received 17 June 2014 | Accepted 6 January 2015 | Published 4 February 2015 http://zoobank.org/4AB90367-FE56-41C0-8825-16E953E46CEC Citation: Nardi G, Mifsud D (2015) The Bostrichidae of the Maltese Islands (Coleoptera). ZooKeys 481: 69–108. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.481.8294 Abstract The Bostrichidae of the Maltese Islands are reviewed. Ten species are recorded with certainty from this Archipelago, of which 6 namely, Trogoxylon impressum (Comolli, 1837), Amphicerus bimaculatus (A.G. Olivier, 1790), Heterobostrychus aequalis (Waterhouse, 1884), Sinoxylon unidentatum (Fabricius, 1801), Xyloperthella picea (A.G. Olivier, 1790) and Apate monachus Fabricius, 1775 are recorded for the first time. Two of the mentioned species (H. aequalis and S. unidentatum) are alien and recorded only on the basis of single captures and the possible establishment of these species is discussed. Earlier records of Scobicia pustulata (Fabricius, 1801) from Malta are incorrect and should be attributed to S. chevrieri (A. Villa & J.B. Villa, 1835). -
Powderpost Beetles in Timber Protecting Timber, Buildings and Furniture
Powderpost beetles in timber protecting timber, buildings and furniture Timber borers 1 Wood-boring insect pests that attack seasoned Biology and life cycle timber can cause significant, structural damage to property. Preventative measures are less Powderpost beetles are pests of the sapwood of expensive that treatment, so property owners need certain hardwood timber species. Species display to understand what to look out for as well as best- minor differences in appearance, habits and practice in timber management. longevity. The following describes the life cycle and habits of our most common lyctine species, Lyctus Powderpost beetles and anobiid beetles are the most brunneus. significant borer groups found in Queensland. After mating, the female beetle seeks a suitable Powderpost beetles belong to the subfamily Lyctinae place for egg-laying and bites the wood, leaving a in the family Bostrichidae. They are so named series of grooves on the surface. These tasting marks because their larvae can reduce susceptible timber to may serve to determine whether the timber contains a fine flour-like powder (Figure 1). starch, the essential larval dietary requirement, and they also expose wood pores for subsequent egg- laying. Using her egg-laying apparatus (ovipositor) she lays in the open pores of the sapwood. Each female may lay a total of 70 eggs, with a usual limit of 3 eggs in any pore. Figure 1. Larvae of powderpost beetles can reduce susceptible timber to a fine flour-like powder. Description Adults are up to 7 mm long, dark-brown, shiny, flattened, elongate insects (Figure 2). They have a distinct head and the terminal segments on their antennae have a clubbed appearance. -
Influence of Age and Mating Status on Pheromone Production in A
insects Article Influence of Age and Mating Status on Pheromone Production in a Powderpost Beetle Lyctus africanus (Coleoptera: Lyctinae) Titik Kartika 1,*, Nobuhiro Shimizu 2, Setiawan Khoirul Himmi 1 , Ikhsan Guswenrivo 1, Didi Tarmadi 1, Sulaeman Yusuf 1 and Tsuyoshi Yoshimura 3 1 Research Center for Biomaterials, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Bogor 16911, Indonesia; [email protected] (S.K.H.); [email protected] (I.G.); [email protected] (D.T.); [email protected] (S.Y.) 2 Faculty of Bioenvironmental Science, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto 621-8555, Japan; [email protected] 3 Research Institute for Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel./Fax: +62-21-8791-4509 Simple Summary: Powderpost beetles, such as Lyctus africanus, are a common pest group for dried cured wood. The damage is slow and inconspicuous; thus, the infestation is mostly identi- fied belatedly due to a lack of knowledge of how to locate and monitor it. L. africanus produces a pheromone, a chemical compound to attract other beetles. This pheromone has been deter- mined and suggested as a monitoring tool for L. africanus. Here, we examined the physiological and behavioral parameters that affect pheromone production. We found that food availability may affect pheromone production in adult L. africanus males. In addition, of three components in male L. africanus aggregation pheromones, major compounds 2 (3-pentyl dodecanoate) and 3 (3-pentyl tetradecanoate) may be affected by age, not mating status, while compound 1 (2-propyl dodecanoate) was produced steadily and was affected by mating status. -
Common Wood-Destroying Beetles
Common Wood-Destroying Beetles Powderpost Beetles Powder post beetles are so named because they can reduce wood to finely powdered frass (powder or dust). The small “shot hole” exit openings in wood surfaces are great indications of a powderpost beetle infestation. Adult powder post beetles are rarely seen, and are usually found in a home by the presence of small exit holes noted in sills, joists, or the sub-floor. Their unusually long antennae best distinguish powder post beetles. Other characteristics that usually identify them are being white, yellow; soft bodied, hairy with five jointed legs. The life cycle of a beetle may take up to a year. They are considered to be the second most destructive wood - destroying insects. Different Kinds of Woods Some powder post beetles confine their activities to starch-rich, large-pored hardwoods, such as ash, hickory, oak, walnut, and cherry. Many different kinds of wood commodities and structures have been damaged by powderpost beetle infestations. Timbers, planks and flooring in houses and barns, axe and hammer handles, musical instruments and museum woodcarvings are all good examples of items damaged or destroyed. Powderpost beetles often are a serious problem for individuals remodeling or renovating old buildings and/or salvaging lumber from old wooden structures. Keep in mind that powderpost beetles can infest any item made of wood. Powder post beetles belong to four Families: Lyctidae, the Lyctus and/or “True” Powder Post Beetles; Bostrichidae, the large and/or “False” PowderPost Beetles; Anobiidae, the Deathwatch, © 2014 All Star Training, Inc. Furniture or Anobiid PowderPost Beetles; and Ptinidae, the Spider Beetles. -
Your Guide to POWDERPOST BEETLES
Your Guide To POWDERPOST BEETLES About the Author Understanding Dr. Michael F. Potter is a professor and entomologist at the Powderpost University of Kentucky, specializing in pests infesting buildings, people and property. Beetles Before joining UK in 1991, How to diagnose problems and develop a prudent plan for Potter worked in the pest management and customers. BY MICHAEL F. POTTER agrichemicals industry. He’s worked with wood- owderpost beetles are second only to termites in their infesting insects for many Pthreat to seasoned wood. Yet the pests still cause a lot of years, providing insights confusion. The chaos often starts with holes and powder ap- and advice to the public. pearing in flooring, cabinets or furniture. Other times, the damage is discovered during a routine wood-destroying insect inspection. Before you All photos, except as noted, arrive, the customer may have ©M.F. Potter. already received incorrect information about whether the PCT Media Group culprits are indeed powder- post beetles. Mistakes also are This educational aid is made determining if infesta- courtesy of PCT magazine, tions are active, and if so, how a monthly trade publica- tion distributed to pest they should be managed. This management professionals study guide will help you throughout North America. make better decisions when PCT magazine and its you encounter these pests. website, www.pctonline. com, is published by GIE Media, Valley View, Ohio. The Culprits. “Powderpost To order additional copies, beetle” is a term used to visit store.pctonline.com. describe several species of 1 3 small ( ⁄8- ⁄4 inch long) insects that reduce wood to a flour- like powder. -
True Powderpost Beetle Lyctus Spp
True Powderpost Beetle DIAGNOSTIC MORPHOLOGY Lyctus spp. Adults: • Flattened, slender, dark brown to nearly black • Cylindrical body • Generally range from 3 to 6 mm long GENERAL INFORMATION Lyctus spp. are known as true powderpost beetles. The name “powderpost beetle” can also commonly apply to several species of three closely Immature Stage: related beetle families: Lyctidae, Anobiidae, and • Mature larvae are “C” shaped Bostrichidae. Lyctids have noticeable finer frass • Creamy white in color with dark brown mandible and smaller exit holes than the others. The frass • Have three pairs of hairy, spinelike legs immedietely behind head has the consistancy of talc and does not feel gritty. Powderpost beetles can be found in dead, as well as dried and cured lumber. Some of the common lyctic powderpost species are Lyctus brunneus, Lyctus lineareus and Lyctus planicollis. LIFE CYCLE Mating occurs after the female emerges from the SIGNS OF INFESTATION wood. Eggs are laid within the first week and are deposited within pores of wood or other cracks and crevices. The main signs of an active infestation are small accumulations of fine powder below exit holes in wooden objects. Rasping sounds or ticking sounds from the wood is also an indication. Powdery frass CONTROL & TREATMENT or exit holes may not be indicative of an active infestation. Damages incurred are not evident until Infestations of adult beetles and eggs have been adults cut holes and emerge during an active controlled successfully by use of low oxygen infestation. At this time the powder becomes atmospheres. Prevention includes avoiding the visible. introduction of contaminated wood into your collection. -
Influence of Osmotic Stress on the Susceptibility of Black Cherry To
Insects Damaging Hoosier Hardwoods Nicole VanDerLaan-Hannon and Matthew Ginzel Department of Forestry and Natural Resources Hardwood Tree Improvement and Regeneration Center, Purdue University Outline of Today’s Talk • Peach bark beetle • Granulate ambrosia beetle • Powderpost beetles Black Cherry • Found throughout the northeastern United States, including the Central Hardwood Region • Annually, over $9 billion is brought into Indiana’s economy from its forests – Approx. $1.4 billion in wages • Sought after for veneer Peach Bark Beetle (Phloeotribus liminaris) • Common in eastern U.S. • 1.5-2.2 mm long • Dark-reddish brown • Two generations/year Life Cycle Adults emerge in early spring After pupation, Females locate adults emerge to host and create start the cycle nuptial chambers over again under bark Larvae emerge Mating occurs and feed on in chambers phloem Oviposition occurs in egg gallery Objective To test the hypothesis that host colonization in the peach bark beetle is chemically-mediated Glass Tube Olfactometer • Allowed to walk in tube for 10 minutes • Tube divided in five sections, 0-4 • Beetles enter at 0 • Odor source chamber connected at 4 Odor sources •Odor sources: – Blank (control) – Bolt of cherry – Bolt infested with females – Bolt infested with males • Size of Bolts: – 90mm length – 20mm diameter Male and Female responses to odor sources * Denotes significant increase when compared to control by using Dunnett’s test. Male and female responses to host volatiles * P < 0.05 (one-way ANOVA; Dunnett’s test) Objective To -
Logs and Chips of Eighteen Eucalypt Species from Australia
United States Department of Agriculture Pest Risk Assessment Forest Service of the Importation Into Forest Products Laboratory the United States of General Technical Report Unprocessed Logs and FPL−GTR−137 Chips of Eighteen Eucalypt Species From Australia P. (=Tryphocaria) solida, P. tricuspis; Scolecobrotus westwoodi; Abstract Tessaromma undatum; Zygocera canosa], ghost moths and carpen- The unmitigated pest risk potential for the importation of unproc- terworms [Abantiades latipennis; Aenetus eximius, A. ligniveren, essed logs and chips of 18 species of eucalypts (Eucalyptus amyg- A. paradiseus; Zelotypia stacyi; Endoxyla cinereus (=Xyleutes dalina, E. cloeziana, E. delegatensis, E. diversicolor, E. dunnii, boisduvali), Endoxyla spp. (=Xyleutes spp.)], true powderpost E. globulus, E. grandis, E. nitens, E. obliqua, E. ovata, E. pilularis, beetles (Lyctus brunneus, L. costatus, L. discedens, L. parallelocol- E. regnans, E. saligna, E. sieberi, E. viminalis, Corymbia calo- lis; Minthea rugicollis), false powderpost or auger beetles (Bo- phylla, C. citriodora, and C. maculata) from Australia into the strychopsis jesuita; Mesoxylion collaris; Sinoxylon anale; Xylion United States was assessed by estimating the likelihood and conse- cylindricus; Xylobosca bispinosa; Xylodeleis obsipa, Xylopsocus quences of introduction of representative insects and pathogens of gibbicollis; Xylothrips religiosus; Xylotillus lindi), dampwood concern. Twenty-two individual pest risk assessments were pre- termite (Porotermes adamsoni), giant termite (Mastotermes dar- pared, fifteen dealing with insects and seven with pathogens. The winiensis), drywood termites (Neotermes insularis; Kalotermes selected organisms were representative examples of insects and rufinotum, K. banksiae; Ceratokalotermes spoliator; Glyptotermes pathogens found on foliage, on the bark, in the bark, and in the tuberculatus; Bifiditermes condonensis; Cryptotermes primus, wood of eucalypts. C.