Working Plan of Patiala.Pdf
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FOR PATIALA FOREST DIVISION (2012-13 TO 2021-2022) PREPARED BY: Satender Kumar Sagar, IFS DEPARTMENT OF FORESTS & WILDLIFE PRESERVATION Government of Punjab PREFACE The forests of Patiala Division can broadly be divided into The Birs or the Block Forests which comprise of compact areas of forests and the Strip Forests comprising of strips of land adjoining the roads, canals railway lines, etc. Accordingly, previously these forests were managed under different sets of Working Plans viz The Working Plan for the Block Forests and the Working Plan for the Strip Forests. The previous Working Plan for the Division was written by Sh. Basanta Raj Kumar IFS. The need to have a combined Working Plan dealing with both the block and the strip forests was felt due to the practical difficulties faced by the staff while carrying out the prescriptions. The total area under forests in the Division is small and one guard may have both strips and block forest under his jurisdiction. In the case of the Strip Forests, the Working Circles are formed on the basis of the type of strip of land, which supports the vegetation, thus we have The Road Working Circle, The Canal Working Circle, The Rail Working Circle etc. Thirdly, physical, geographical, climatic and other conditions prevailing over the two categories i.e. Block and Strip forests is more or less the same. Keeping all the considerations mentioned above, it was felt that a single Working Plan is required to manage both the Block and the Strip Forests. The present Working Plan is an attempt to bring together both the Block and the Strip Forests under one Working Plan. The salient features of this Working Plan may be summarized as: 1. The main purpose of the Working Plan is the conservation of the Forests and raising the ecological and environmental status of the area by improving the growing stock. 2. There are Five Working Circles formed on the basis of the area that supports the forest viz, Block Forest Working Circle, The Road Working Circle, The Canal Working Circle etc. 3. There has to be no felling of Shisham trees, fruit trees in all forests. 4. The prescribed yield has been reduced to 50% of the calculated yield. 5. Indigenous and miscellaneous tree species will be given preference over exotic species in the plantation programmes. 6. There will be no clear felling of areas 7. A new Chapter on Joint Forest Management is introduced keeping in view the radical change that has swept through in the Concept of Management of Forest. The age-old concept of protection and policing which has isolated the people from the forest has given way to the people oriented concept of JFM envisaging the involvement of people in the management process, benefit sharing etc. It is believed that the prescriptions given in this Working Plan will help in fulfilling the objective of improving the growing stock thereby resulting in a more healthy environment. At the same time, it is also expected that the improvement of soil and water conservation, the improvement in growing stock will raise the general prosperity of the people as a whole. Satender Kumar Sagar,IFS B.Sc(Botany Hons); M.Sc(Botany Hons); AIGNFA(M.Sc.Forestry). CONTENTS PART I : SUMMARY OF FACTS ON WHICH PROPOSALS ARE BASED Sr.No. Chapter Page No. Chapter 1 : Area under Working Plan 1.1 : Name of Situation 1 1.2 : Geographical Location 1 1.3 : Description of Land 1 1.4 : Boundaries 2 1.5 : Distribution of Areas 3 Chapter 2 : Locality factors 2.1 : Climate 4 2.1.1 Rainfall 4 2.1.2 Temperature 4 2.1.3 Winds 6 2.1.4 Frosts 6 2.1.5 Dew 6 2.2 Geology, Rock and Soil 6 2.3 Water Supply 7 2.4 Drainage 7 2.5 Encroachments 8 2.6 Injuries to which crop is liable 8 2.7.1 Natural Calamity 8 2.7.1.1 Fire 8 2.7.1.2 Floods 8 2.7.1.2.1Drought 9 2.7.1.3 Winds & Storms 9 2.7.1.4 Forests 9 2.7.2 Grazing 9 2.7.3 Insects and Pets 9 Chapter 3 : Forest Resources 3.1 : Composition and Condition of the crop 11 3.1.1 : The Birs/Block Forests 11 3.1.2 The Strip Forests 12 3.2 : Status of Natural regeneration 12 3.3 : Resource Assessment 13 3.3.1.1 : Growing Stock Working Circle-wise 13 Chapter 4 : Utilization of Forest Produce 4.1 : Agricultural Customs and Wants of the people 17 4.2 : Main markets and marketable products 17 4.3 : Lines of Export 17 4.4 : Methods of exploitation and their costs 18 4.5 : Past and Current Prices 20 Chapter 5 : Establishment & Labour 5.1 Staff 23 5.2 Labour 23 Chapter 6 : Result of Previous Management 6.1 : General History 25 6.2 : Past Systems of Management 25 6.2.1 : Critical Analysis of Sital Dass's Working Plan 25 6.2.2 : Critical Analys 26 6.3 : Special Works of Improvement 27 6.3.1 : Silvicultural Improvement 27 6.3.2 : Protection 28 6.3.3 : Communications and Buildings 28 6.3.4 : Utilization of Forest Produce 28 6.4 : Past Yield 29 6.5 : Past Revenue and Expenditure 29 Chapter 7 : Growth & Yield Statistics 7.1 : Statistics of Growth 30 7.1.1 : Growth data of some important species 30 7.1.2 : Conversion factors 31 7.1.3 : Mean Annual Increment 31 7.2 : Volume and Yield 32 7.2.1 : General Volume Table 32 Part II : Future management Sr.No. Chapter Page No. Chapter 1 : Discussion and Formation of Working Circle 1.1 : General Objects of Management 34 1.2 : Methods of treatment to be adopted 34 1.2.1 : General Principles 34 1.2.2 : Management of Irrigation 35 1.2.3 : Technique of plantation 36 1.2.4 : Reclamation of Saline alkaline soil 37 Chapter 2 : Working Circles 2.1 : Formation of Working Circles 39 2.2 : Period of working Plan 39 2.3 : Abstract of Working Circles 40 2.3.1 : Development Working Circle 40 2.3.2 : Road Working Circle 40 2.3.2 : Canal Working Circle 40 2.3.4 : Drains And Bunds Working Circle 40 2.3.5 : Rail Working Circle 40 2.3.6 : Willife Management (Overlapping) Working Circle 40 2.3.7 : Joint Forest Management (overlapping) Working Circle 40 2.3.8 : Non Timber Forest Produce (Overlapping) Working Circle 40 2.3.9 : Forest Protection (Overlapping) Working Circle 40 Chapter 3 : Working Plan for Development/Block Forest Working Circle 3.1 : General Constitution of the Circle 41 3.2 : Series, Blocks and Compartment 41 3.3 : Special Objects of Management 41 3.4 : The Stock/Character of Vegetation 42 3.5 : Analysis and Valuation of the Crop 42 3.6 : Method of Treatment 43 Sr.No Chapter Page No. 3.7 : Silvicultural System 44 3.8 : Calculation of Rotation and Conversion Period 44 3.9 : Calculation of Yield 44 3.10 : Marking Rules 45 3.11 : Method of Executing Fellings 45 3.12 : Planting Rules 45 3.13 : Planting Programme 47 3.14 : Felling Program 47 3.15 : Subsidiary Silvicultural operations 49 3.15.1 : Tending Operations 49 3.15.2 : Pruning 49 3.15.3 : Maintenance of Researh plots 50 3.16 : Plantation Program 50 Chapter 4 : Working Plan for Road Working Circle 4.1 : General Constitution of the Circle 51 4.2 : Special Objects of management 51 4.3 : Series, Blocks and Compartments 51 4.4 : The Stock 51 4.5 : Analysis and evaluation of the Crop 52 4.6 : Method of treatment 53 4.7 : Silvicultural System 53 4.8 : Calculation of Rotation and Conversion Period 53 4.9 : Calculation of Yield 54 4.10 : Tabular Statement of Fellings 54 4.11 : Marking Rules 59 4.12 : Method of Executing Fellings 59 Sr.No. Chapter Page No. 4.13 : Planting Rules 60 4.14 : Planting Program 60 4.15 : Subsidiary Silvicultural Operations 62 4.15.1 : Tending Operations 62 Chapter 5 : Working Plan for Canal Working Circle 5.1 : General Constitution of the Circle 63 5.2 : Special Objects of Management 63 5.3 : Series Blocks and Compartments 63 5.4 : The Stock 63 5.5 : Analysis and Evaluation of the crop 64 5.6 : Method of Treatment 65 5.7 : Silvicultural System 65 5.8 : Calculation of rotation and Conversion Period 65 5.9 : Calculation of Yield 65 5.10 : Tabular Statement of Fellings 66 5.11 : Marking Rules 70 5.12 : Method of Executing Fellings 71 5.13 : Planting Rules 72 5.14 : Planting Program 72 5.15 : Subsidiary Silvicultural Operations 73 5.15.1 : Tending Operations 73 Chapter 6 : Rail Working Circle 6.1 : General Constitution of the Circle 75 6.2 : Special Objects of Management 75 6.3 : Blocks and Compartments 75 Sr.No. Chapter Page No. 6.4 : The Stock 75 6.5 : Analysis and Evaluation of the Crop 76 6.5.1: Growing Stock: Abstract 76 6.5.2: Growing Stock: Range-wise/Species wise 76 6.6 : Method of Treatment 77 6.7 : Silvicultural System 77 6.8 : Calculation of Rotation and Conversion Period 78 6.9 : Calculation of Yield 78 6.10 : Tabular Statement of Felling 78 6.11 : Marking Rules 80 6.12 : Method of Executing Fellings 81 6.13 : Planting Rules 81 6.14 : Planting Program 81 6.15 : Subsidiary Silvicultural Operations 83 6.15.1 : Tending Operations 83 Chapter 7 : Bands & Drains Working Circle 7.1 : General Objects of Management 84 7.2 : Special Objects of Management 84 7.3 : Blocks and Compartments 84 7.4 : The Stock 84 7.5 : Analysis and Evaluation of the Crop 84 7.5.1 : Growing Stock : Abstract 84 7.6 : Method of Treatment 86 7.7 : Silvicultural System 86 7.8 : Calculation of Rotation and Conversion Period 86 7.9 : Calculation of Yield 86 7.10 : Tabular Statement of Fellings 87 7.11 : Marking Rules 89 Sr.No.