Disaster Preparedness in Malaysia
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DISASTERDISASTER PREPAREDNESSPREPAREDNESS ININ ONLY MALAYSIAMALAYSIA ITW By WAN FADILAH BT WAN JAMALUDIN Crisis and Disaster ManagementFOR Directorate National Security Division (NSD) Prime Minister’s Department MALAYSIA DefiningDefining DisasterDisaster Incident that occurs in a sudden manner, complex in nature, resulting in the loss of lives, damages to property or the environment as well as affecting the daily activities of local community. ONLY Such incident requires the handling of resources, equipment,ITW frequency and extensive manpower from various agencies as well as FOReffective coordination and the possibility of demanding complex actions over a long period of time. DefiningDefining LeadLead ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities Several agencies designated to be lead agency in specific disaster: Pandemic/ Endemic for human being (Ministry of Health) Pandemic/ Endemic for bird/animal (Ministry of Agriculture) Sea Disaster (Marine Department)ONLY Air Disaster (Dept. of Civil Aviation) Haze/ Open Burning (Dept. of Environment) Nuclear and Radiology ITW(Atomic Energy Licensing Board) Chemical (Chemistry Dept.) Search and Rescue Team (Multi Function) – Fire and Rescue Dept.,FOR Royal Malaysian Police, Malaysian Armed Forces, Special Malaysian Disaster Assistant and Rescue Team (SMART), Emergency Medical Team, Atomic Energy Licensing Board and Civil Defense Dept. LevelLevel ofof TheThe DisasterDisaster ManagementManagement andand ReliefRelief CommitteeCommittee Policy and Strategic Planning The District Disaster Management and Relief Committee The State Disaster Management and Relief Committee The National Disaster Management and Relief Committee ONLY Federal Deputy Prime Minister State ITW Secretariat: State Secretary NSD District FORDistrict Officer OrganizationalOrganizational StructuresStructures Federal Federal On- Disaster Management Operation Control scene and Relief Committee (Deputy Prime Minister) Post Officer in • Search and Charge Rescue National Of Police • Health and Security Division District (OCPD) Medical Services State •Media State Disaster Management On-scene • Support Operation Control and Relief Committee ONLY Post • Security (State Secretary) Control Officer in •Welfare Charge • Warnings and State Of Police Alerts ITWNSD District (OCPD) District District Disaster Management On-scene Operation Controls and Relief Committee Post (District Officer) FOR Officer in Charge District Of Police District (OCPD) NSD SubSub SystemSystem Disaster Operating Control Center (DOCC) ONLY Search and Rescue On Scene Post ITW Security Control Health and Medical Media Support FORWelfare OperationalOperational ApproachApproach Bottom Up Approach If the District has shortage of Manpower, Fund and Asset, the state level or federal level will assist and coordinateONLY ITW FOR PhasesPhases ofof DisasterDisaster ManagementManagement Risk Management 2. Preparedness - Prediction and Early Warning System 1. Prevention -Awareness and Mitigation ONLY Protection DISASTER RecoveryITW 4. Recovery 3. Response - Analysis - Search and - Rehabilitation Rescue - Reconstruction FOR - Relief Impact Assessment - Medical Crisis Management PhasePhase 1:1: PublicPublic AwarenessAwareness ProgramProgram Publication of Public Awareness Guideline on Disaster (on review) 26 December is declaredONLY as National Disaster Awareness Day ITW FOR PhasePhase 2:2: PreparednessPreparedness Early Warning System Structural - Flood Mitigation Structure i.e. The Stormwater Management and Road Tunnel (SMART) and National Disaster Relief Fund (NDRF) ONLY Policy, Guidelines and Standard Operating Procedures (S.O.P) Development ProgramITW by Town and Country Planning Dept. Capacity BuildingFOR Bilateral, Regional and International Cooperation EarlyEarly WarningWarning SystemSystem Malaysian Meteorological Department (MMD) Tsunami Early Warning System Weather Forecasting Disaster Alert System (D.A.S) Malaysian Department of Irrigation and Drainage (DID) Telemetry System - Flood ForecastingONLY Models and Infobanjir Malaysian Centre for Remote Sensing (MACRES) National Disaster Data andITW Information Management System (NADDI) Department of EnvironmentFOR (DOE) Air Pollutant Index (API) - Haze MalaysianMalaysian TsunamiTsunami EarlyEarly WarningWarning SystemSystem After the Asian Tsunami in Dec 2004 Developed by Malaysian Meteorological Dept. Three technologically advanced deep water buoys to be deployed at locations aroundONLY Malaysia. The first buoy was installed near Pulau Rondo, Sumatra on 30 December 2005 The second buoy installed at Peninjau Island on the South China Sea in earlyITW March 2006 The third buoy in the Sulu/ Sulawasi Sea by end of March 2006 FOR Dissemination System: Short Messaging System (SMS), mass media, telephone, fax and website DisasterDisaster AlertAlert SystemSystem (DAS)(DAS) Enable government agency to perform mass broadcast of alert voice messages by making outbound calls to fixed line subscribers during disasters such as tsunami ONLY Quick broadcasting of clear, concise warning alert Customized alert message that suits to the recipients need ITW FOR Deployment of the first tsunami buoy near the Andaman Sea off Rondo Island (latitude 6º north, longitude 95º east), Indonesia and Layang Layang Island and next will be at Kagayan near Philipine. ONLY ITW FOR FloodFlood ForecastingForecasting andand WarningWarning SystemSystem Developed by Malaysian Drainage and Irrigation Dept. Currently two flood forecasting models have been applied i.e the Linear Transfer Function Model (LTFM) at Pahang River and the Tank Model at Kelantan River ONLY The agencies involve in flood relief have use the information to decide when they should mobilize their staffs and equipmentsITW to the areas that are potentially hit Dissemination System: Warning siren, Short Messaging SystemFOR (SMS), telephone, fax and website http://infobanjir.water.gov.my ManualManual TelemetryTelemetry SystemSystem ONLY ITW FOR RAIN TELEMETRY STATION ( 283 pcs ) RIVER LEVEL TELEMETRY STATION ( 224 pcs ) TELEMETRY SYSTEM - FOR FLOOD FORECASTING MODELS AND INFOBANJIR SATELLITE MASTER TERMINAL FRONT END PROCESSOR ONLY RTU CONNECTION TO WORK STATION BY LAN,WAN,INTERNET LAND EARTH STATION NETWORK CONTROL CENTER LAND LINE ITW RAINFALL FOR WATER LEVEL RADIO LINK SMS TO MOBILE PHONE SIRENS, WEB CAMERA HYDROLOGICAL SENSORS RADIO REPEATER STATION WORK STATIONS TheThe NationalNational DisasterDisaster DataData andand InformationInformation ManagementManagement SystemSystem (NADDI)(NADDI) Objective: to establish a central system for collecting, storing, processing, analyzing, and disseminating value- added data and information to support the relevant agencies in the mitigation and relief activities of disaster management in the country ONLY Emphasizes on the utilization of remote sensing technologies, Geographical Information System (GIS) and Global Positioning SystemITW (GPS) technologies to provide up-to-date and reliable data to support the three components of disaster management, namely, (i) early warning,FOR (ii) detection and monitoring, and (iii) mitigation and relief for pre, during and post disaster management activities. INTEGRATED NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME NATIONAL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME MITIGATION & RELIEF FOREST FIRE ONLY FLOOD LANDSLIDE OIL SPILL HOT INSTALLATION TSUNAMI ITW FOR FloodFlood MitigationMitigation StructureStructure i.e.i.e. TheThe StormwaterStormwater ManagementManagement andand RoadRoad TunnelTunnel (SMART)(SMART) Developed by Malaysian Drainage and Irrigation Department The Stormwater Management and Road Tunnel also known as ONLYSMART Project is being developed to alleviate flash flood problems in the city.ITW The 9.7 kilometers and 11.83 meters’ in diameter tunnel integrates both stormwaterFOR management and motorway in the same tunnel. ONLY ITW FOR SMART System What is SMART? SMART is an acronym for Stormwater Management and Road Tunnel, a project under the Federal Government initiated to ONLYalleviate the flooding problem in the city centre of Kuala Lumpur. The project is implementedITW through a joint venture pact between MMC Berhad and Gamuda Berhad with the Department of Irrigation And Drainage Malaysia and FORthe Malaysian Highway Authority as the executing government agencies. How Does SMART Helps? Studies had indicated that the critical stretch of Sungai Klang between Sg Klang /Sg Ampang confluence and Sg Gombak/ Sg Klang confluence to be flood prone areas and the fact that the river is further constrained by the Jalan Tun Perak Bridge (near Masjid Jamek) which is low, has resulted in the surrounding areasONLY to experience flash floods. The SMART system will be able to divert large volumes of flood water from enteringITW this critical stretch via a holding pond, bypass tunnel and storage reservoir. This will reduce the flood water level at the Jalan Tun Perak Bridge, preventing spillover.FOR Other benefits of SMART The Stormwater Management and Road Tunnel (SMART) project was incepted by the project proponent, namely MMC Berhad-Gamuda Berhad Joint Venture, primarily to mitigate the recurring floods in the city of Kuala Lumpur, the financial, business and commercial hub of ONLY Malaysia. However, at the design stage of SMART, the dual purpose conceptITW was born from the ingenuity of the project proponents and the motorway tunnel was integrated into the system to relieveFOR traffic congestion at the main Southern Gateway to the city centre. The Motorway to Ease Congestion The