DOCSLIB.ORG

Female Athletes' Media Footprint on Sports Press Olympic Games of 1968

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Female Athletes' Media Footprint on Sports Press Olympic Games of 1968 European Journal of Social Sciences ISSN 1450-2267 Vol. 57 No 4 March, 2019, pp.453-473 http://www.europeanjournalofsocialsciences.com/ Female Athletes’ Media Footprint on Sports Press Olympic Games of 1968 Rosa María Valles Ruiz Professor-researcher of the Hidalgo State Autonomous University (UAEH, Mexico) Ph.D. on Political and Social Science by the National Autonomous University of Mexico She works on the research area of Gender and History Discourse Analysis, Oral History, and Student Movements E-mail: [email protected] Xochitl Andrea Sen Santos Ph.D., Political and Social Science by the National Autonomous University of Mexico Professor at the National Autonomous University of Mexico She works on the research areas Sports and Gender Discourse Analysis and Oral History E-mail: [email protected] Abstract This paper's main objective is to identify the gender stereotypes on sports press about female athletes on the Olympic Games of 1968 through the use of discourse analysis and gender perspective. For the gender perspective, the proposal by Rodríguez and González will be used; they present six analysis categories: traditional, progressive and/or innovative, liberal, biological, educational and psychological. For the discourse analysis, parts of the model by Gutiérrez-Vidrio (2010). She proposes the study of the journalistic speech on a macro discursive field throughout the acts of speech (description, interpretation, and appreciation) and the recreation of the discourse's production conditions that are expressed on the answers to five questions: Who is the discourse emitter? Whom is it aimed for? What does it talk about? Where does it come from? At what circumstantial moment is the discourse emitted? The traditional and biological approaches are closely linked to press stereotypes regarding female athletes through the categories of beauty and racial discrimination. Physical beauty highlights in detriment of sporty dexterity. On a smaller measure, some texts are linked to the liberal theory when the athletes' skills were highlighted. The theoretical approach and the utilized methodology showed its relevance. Keywords: Olympic Games 1968, female athletes, gender and History, discourse analysis, female stereotypes 1. Introduction “Corporal training priorities is common to both sexes, although it is headed to different objectives. On boys […] it consists on developing strength; on girls, it is about arousing charms”. Jean Jacques Rousseau 453 European Journal of Social Sciences – Volume 57, Issue 4 March (2019) The overwhelming –and lapidary– opinion from Rousseau (1712-1778) about the role of women's physical skills is just an indication of a stance that marked an abyssal difference between public and private ambiances. For Rousseau, the private and the public ambiances were spheres with "neither space nor time" relationships between them. (Calderón, 2005). As Fernando Calderón considers, the philosopher conceived families as an institution "insensitive to History, alienated from the course of time, separated from what is public by a male decision; what is public, on the other hand, addressed the labor of marking the rhythm, and if families had never gathered, the story of our species would have barely started" (2005). Calderón attacks Rousseau, who says in his Discourse on sciences that "the inequality was introduced among men by talents' distinction and virtues' degradation" but forgets "or he rather ignored that such fatal inequality was also introduced by men by subordinating women". (2005). On her behalf, Rosa Cobo (1995) condemns Rousseau that even when he was a defender of equality and an exceptional exponent of disparities that the powerful rich people's privileges caused in society, had forgotten the oldest retainer: the women's. María Luisa Cavana (1996) reviews Cobo's job and highlights the philosopher's achievements when placing human reason as a universalized principle although relegating women's potential. Rousseau redefines the patriarchy and in his well-known Social Contract female subordination plays a crucial part inside his democratic scheme. Including women within the political arena "would bring down all the contractual building […]" (Cobo, 1995). 2. Feminism, Sports and Media Since the XIX century, feminism struggled categorically for women's access to all education levels even if the feminist from that century later accorded on the objective of one single demand: women's suffrage. However, the thoughts of the female population's rights were already registered since the XVII century. William Petty said: "One day both arithmetic and accountancy knowledge will ornament the girls better than a lace stocked dress and will protect them from cold better than fur coats". (Palanca, 2018). The XVIII century registers two idealist female warriors: Olympia de Gouges (1748-1793) and Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-1797), and also a philosopher whom Voltaire qualified as "universal": Nicolas de Condorcet (1743-1794). The British thinker Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) had a vision that related women population's inferiority with the universal value of happiness. He expressed: "the happiness and interest of one female person constitute a big part of universal happiness, as valuable as the ones from a man". (Bentham, 1777). But the links between women and sports were barely mentioned, regardless of the Juvenal's phase in the Satires that immortalized the phrase "Orandum est ut sit mens sana in corpore sano" (To pray for a healthy mind in a healthy body). On the XVII, XVIII, and XIX centuries, according to Gabriel Angelotti Pasteur, pedagogues assumed from this sentence a "new sports ideology for the orb". Angelotti mentions Johan Heinrich Pestalozzi (1746-1827), who talked about developing "the full man" constituted by the triad of heart, body, and reason, and also about John Dewey, who suggested the use of physical exercise to impulse "the high values of the Western culture" (Angelotti, 2014). He talked about a "full man" but not about a "full woman". The participation demand gradually turned into a social demand from women whose names were not always registered. An emancipatory element was the women's appropriation of writing. This binomial was a relevant factor to establish […] "a luminous path whose sidewalks were opened […] by exceptional women whose common denominator was the pertinence of a privileged social class and a family raising that allowed them the access to reading first than writing" (Valles, 2017). 454 European Journal of Social Sciences – Volume 57, Issue 4 March (2019) History registers Christine de Pisan (1364-1430) as the first female writer or "woman of letters". At first, women were involved only in issues that were "feminine", such as children's care, fashion, home labors, cooking recipes, and etcetera. Some of them printed their ideas on papers, magazines, and journals. The media's presence led to visibility and thus to women's starring role. Although, the arrival to the public sphere was a hard task, "slowed down or directly excluded and aborted in long ages […] even if it's notorious that its register has made both the existence and social presence of women tangible". (Sánchez, 2009). On the sports ambiance, female participation on the Olympic Games and their conquest within the media has meant a slow, arduous task. With ups and downs, a great achievement has been reached by rejecting the quote from Pierre Fredy Baron de Coubertin, known as the father of the Olympic Games: "women's presence inside the stadium happens to be unsightly, poorly interesting and also incorrect but for the function they have: to crown the victor with the wreaths of triumph." (Garcia, 1990). 2.1. Olympic Games: from 1896 to 1968 The first Olympic Games were celebrated in Athena, Greece, from April 6 th to 15 th in 1896 and there were no female contestants; on the second edition held in Paris, 1900, 22 women defeated the exclusion and managed to contest along 975 male athletes for the Olympic glory, according to the official numbers from the International Olympic Committee. In 1904, women’s participation descended from 2% to 1% on the Olympic Games from St. Louis, USA. According to the numbers from the Committee, female participation limited to the 2% of the athletes total. Originally, the disciplines women could compete at were: tennis, archery, golf and croquet; yet, after some editions races, figure skating, swimming and diving were added for women. By the year of 1920 in Antwerp, Belgium, female achievements had started being conversation topics, such as USA’s Ethelda Bleibtrey: she obtained the Gold medal in three swimming competitions and she also participated in five more tests in which she broke the world records. In 1924, there was a female participation of 4%; in 1928, it was 10%; in 1932, 9%; in 1936, 8%. Due to war, the Olympics of 1940 and 1944 were cancelled. From 1948 to 1968, female participation stayed in averages of 10, 11 and even 13%. From 1968 to 1972, the number of women participating decreased one percentage point (Munich, Western Germany); in 1976 (Montreal, Canada) the percentage increased to 21%. In 1980 (Moscow, USSR), female participation was only augmented to 22%. For years later on L.A., United States, it increased one more point (23%). In 1988 (Seoul, South Korea), female athletes increased their participation on 3% and reached 26%. On the Games from 1992 in Barcelona, Spain, the increase was registered with a 3%. A crucial jump was logged in 1996 in Atlanta, United States, when female participation went from 29 to 34%. On the Games from 2000 at Sydney, Australia, the increase of four percentage points and it reached the 38% of female participation. On Athena, Greece (2004), the percentage jumped from 38 to 41%. On Beijing’s 2008 Olympic Games, it arrived to 42% whilst four years later on London, England, the percentage increased on two more points and reached the 44% of female participation. On the Olympic Games of 2016 hosted at Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, this percentage was augmented to 46%.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Title of Thesis: ABSTRACT CLASSIFYING BIAS
    ABSTRACT Title of Thesis: CLASSIFYING BIAS IN LARGE MULTILINGUAL CORPORA VIA CROWDSOURCING AND TOPIC MODELING Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang Thesis Directed By: Dr. David Zajic, Ph.D. Our project extends previous algorithmic approaches to finding bias in large text corpora. We used multilingual topic modeling to examine language-specific bias in the English, Spanish, and Russian versions of Wikipedia. In particular, we placed Spanish articles discussing the Cold War on a Russian-English viewpoint spectrum based on similarity in topic distribution. We then crowdsourced human annotations of Spanish Wikipedia articles for comparison to the topic model. Our hypothesis was that human annotators and topic modeling algorithms would provide correlated results for bias. However, that was not the case. Our annotators indicated that humans were more perceptive of sentiment in article text than topic distribution, which suggests that our classifier provides a different perspective on a text’s bias. CLASSIFYING BIAS IN LARGE MULTILINGUAL CORPORA VIA CROWDSOURCING AND TOPIC MODELING by Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the Gemstone Honors Program, University of Maryland, 2018 Advisory Committee: Dr. David Zajic, Chair Dr. Brian Butler Dr. Marine Carpuat Dr. Melanie Kill Dr. Philip Resnik Mr. Ed Summers © Copyright by Team BIASES: Brianna Caljean, Katherine Calvert, Ashley Chang, Elliot Frank, Rosana Garay Jáuregui, Geoffrey Palo, Ryan Rinker, Gareth Weakly, Nicolette Wolfrey, William Zhang 2018 Acknowledgements We would like to express our sincerest gratitude to our mentor, Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Peso Olímpico. Datos Mujeres
    LOS LANZAMIENTOS EN LOS JJOO PROGRESIÓN RECORD OLÍMPICO JUEGOS OLÍMPICOS. PODIUM LANZAMIENTO DE PESO. MUJERES LANZAMIENTO DE PESO MUJERES • 13.14 Micheline Ostermeyer FRA London Aug 04, 1948 SEDE ORO PLATA BRONCE • 13.75 Micheline Ostermeyer FRA London Aug 04, 1948 London 1948 Micheline Ostermeyer FRA 13,75 Amelia Piccinini ITA 13,09 Ine Schäffer AUT 13,08 • 13.88 Klavdiya Tochenova URS Helsinki Jul 26, 1952 Helsinki 1952 Galina Zybina URS 15,28 Marianne Werner FRG 14,57 Klavdiya Tochenova URS 14,50 • 13.89 Marianne Werner FRG Helsinki Jul 26, 1952 Melbourne 1956 Tamara Tishkevich URS 16,59 Galina Zybina URS 16,53 Marianne Werner FRG 15,61 • 15.00 Galina Zybina URS Helsinki Jul 26, 1952 Rome 1960 Tamara Press URS 17,32 Johanna Lüttge GDR 16,61 Earlene Brown USA 16,42 • 15.28 Galina Zybina URS Helsinki Jul 26, 1952 Tokyo 1964 Tamara Press URS 18,14 Renate Garisch GDR 17,61 Galina Zybina URS 17,45 • 16.35 Galina Zybina URS Melbourne Nov 30, 1956 Mexico 1968 Margitta Gummel GDR 19,61 Marita Lange GDR 18,78 Nadezhda Chizhova URS 18,19 • 16.48 Galina Zybina URS Melbourne Nov 30, 1956 Munich 1972 Nadezhda Chizhova URS 21,03 Margitta Gummel GDR 20,22 Ivanka Khristova BUL 19,35 • 16.53 Galina Zybina URS Melbourne Nov 30, 1956 Montreal 1976 Ivanka Khristova BUL 21,16 Nadezhda Chizhova URS 20,96 Helena Fibingerova TCH 20,67 • 16.59 Tamara Tishkevich URS Melbourne Nov 30, 1956 Moscow 1980 Ilona Slupianek GDR 22,41 Esfir Krachevskaya URS 21,42 Margitta Pufe GDR 21,20 • 17.32 Tamara Press URS Rome Sep 02, 1960 Los Angeles 1984 Claudia Losch FRG 20,48
    [Show full text]
  • Deutsche Olympiasieger, Welt- Und Europameister (1896 - 2019)
    Deutsche Olympiasieger, Welt- und Europameister (1896 - 2019) Summe 1896 bis 2019: 72 Olympiasiege 60 Weltmeistertitel 183 Europameistertitel vor 1945: 6 Olympiasiege 19 Europameistertitel 1949 - 1990: DLV: 14 Olympiasiege 3 Weltmeistertitel 35 Europameistertitel DVfL: 40 Olympiasiege 21 Weltmeistertitel 91 Europameistertitel 1991 - 2019: 12 Olympiasiege 38 Weltmeistertitel 44 Europameistertitel 1972 100m Hürd. Annelie Ehrhardt O l y m p i a s i e g e r 1972 4x100 m Krause, Mickler, Richter, Rosendahl 1928 800 m Lina Radke 1972 4x400 m Käsling, Kühne, Seidler, Zehrt 1936 Kugel Hans Woellke 1972 Hochsprung Ulrike Meyfarth 1936 Hammer Karl Hein 1972 Weitsprung Heide Rosendahl 1936 Speer Gerhard Stöck 1972 Speer Ruth Fuchs 1936 Diskus Gisela Mauermayer 1936 Speer Tilly Fleischer 1976 Marathon Waldemar Cierpinski 1976 Kugel Udo Beyer 1960 100 m Armin Hary 1976 100 m Annegret Richter 1960 4x100 m Cullmann, Hary, 1976 200 m Bärbel Wöckel Mahlendorf, Lauer 1976 100m Hürd. Johanna Schaller 1976 4x100 m Oelsner, Stecher, 1964 Zehnkampf Willi Holdorf Bodendorf, Wöckel 1964 80m Hürden Karin Balzer 1976 4x400 m Maletzki, Rohde, Streidt, Brehmer 1968 50km Gehen Christoph Höhne 1976 Hochsprung Rosemarie Ackermann 1968 Kugel Margitta Gummel 1976 Weitsprung Angela Voigt 1968 Fünfkampf Ingrid Mickler 1976 Diskus Evelin Jahl 1976 Speer Ruth Fuchs 1972 20km Gehen Peter Frenkel 1976 Fünfkampf Sigrun Siegl 1972 50km Gehen Bernd Kannenberg 1972 Stabhoch Wolfgang Nordwig 1980 Marathon Waldemar Cierpinski 1972 Speer Klaus Wolfermann 1980 50km Gehen Hartwig Gauder
    [Show full text]
  • World Rankings — Women's Discus
    World Rankings — Women’s Discus Stephanie Brown Trafton’s Beijing win made her the only U.S. No. 1 ever © VICTOR SAILER/PHOTO RUN 1956 1957 1 .......Nina Ponomaryeva (Soviet Union) 1 .......Nina Ponomaryeva (Soviet Union) 2 ..........Olga Connolly (Czechoslovakia) 2 ... Štěpánka Mertová (Czechoslovakia) 3 .......... Irina Beglyakova (Soviet Union) 3 ......... Antonina Popova (Soviet Union) 4 ...............Albina Yelkina (Soviet Union) 4 ................Tamara Press (Soviet Union) 5 ...............................Earlene Brown (US) 5 .......... Irina Beglyakova (Soviet Union) 6 ... Štěpánka Mertová (Czechoslovakia) 6 ...............Doris Lorenz (East Germany) 7 ............................... Paochu Shi (China) 7 ....... Jiřina Němcová (Czechoslovakia) 8 ..Anne-Chatrine Lafrenz (West Germany) 8 ..Anne-Chatrine Lafrenz (West Germany) 9 ................Tamara Press (Soviet Union) 9 .....Marie Simánková (Czechoslovakia) 10 ..... Jiřina Němcová (Czechoslovakia) 10 .............Albina Yelkina (Soviet Union) © Track & Field News 2020 — 1 — World Rankings — Women’s Discus 1958 1962 1 .......Nina Ponomaryeva (Soviet Union) 1 ................Tamara Press (Soviet Union) 2 ................Tamara Press (Soviet Union) 2 ...............Doris Lorenz (East Germany) 3 ... Štěpánka Mertová (Czechoslovakia) 3 ........................Jolán Kleiber (Hungary) 4 .... Kriemhild Limberg (West Germany) 4 ......... Antonina Popova (Soviet Union) 5 ...............Doris Lorenz (East Germany) 5 ....... Jiřina Němcová (Czechoslovakia) 6 ......... Antonina Popova (Soviet
    [Show full text]
  • Detailed List of Performances in the Six Selected Events
    Detailed list of performances in the six selected events 100 metres women 100 metres men 400 metres women 400 metres men Result Result Result Result Year Athlete Country Year Athlete Country Year Athlete Country Year Athlete Country (sec) (sec) (sec) (sec) 1928 Elizabeth Robinson USA 12.2 1896 Tom Burke USA 12.0 1964 Betty Cuthbert AUS 52.0 1896 Tom Burke USA 54.2 Stanislawa 1900 Frank Jarvis USA 11.0 1968 Colette Besson FRA 52.0 1900 Maxey Long USA 49.4 1932 POL 11.9 Walasiewicz 1904 Archie Hahn USA 11.0 1972 Monika Zehrt GDR 51.08 1904 Harry Hillman USA 49.2 1936 Helen Stephens USA 11.5 1906 Archie Hahn USA 11.2 1976 Irena Szewinska POL 49.29 1908 Wyndham Halswelle GBR 50.0 Fanny Blankers- 1908 Reggie Walker SAF 10.8 1980 Marita Koch GDR 48.88 1912 Charles Reidpath USA 48.2 1948 NED 11.9 Koen 1912 Ralph Craig USA 10.8 Valerie Brisco- 1920 Bevil Rudd SAF 49.6 1984 USA 48.83 1952 Marjorie Jackson AUS 11.5 Hooks 1920 Charles Paddock USA 10.8 1924 Eric Liddell GBR 47.6 1956 Betty Cuthbert AUS 11.5 1988 Olga Bryzgina URS 48.65 1924 Harold Abrahams GBR 10.6 1928 Raymond Barbuti USA 47.8 1960 Wilma Rudolph USA 11.0 1992 Marie-José Pérec FRA 48.83 1928 Percy Williams CAN 10.8 1932 Bill Carr USA 46.2 1964 Wyomia Tyus USA 11.4 1996 Marie-José Pérec FRA 48.25 1932 Eddie Tolan USA 10.3 1936 Archie Williams USA 46.5 1968 Wyomia Tyus USA 11.0 2000 Cathy Freeman AUS 49.11 1936 Jesse Owens USA 10.3 1948 Arthur Wint JAM 46.2 1972 Renate Stecher GDR 11.07 Tonique Williams- 1948 Harrison Dillard USA 10.3 1952 George Rhoden JAM 45.9 2004 BAH 49.41 1976
    [Show full text]
  • 2021 European Indoor Championships Statistics
    2021 European Indoor Championships Statistics – Women SP by K Ken Nakamura Summary Page: All time performance list at the European Indoor Championships Performance Performer Dist Name Nat Pos Venue Year 1 1 21.46 Helena Fibingerova TCH 1 San S ebastian 1977 2 2 21.12 Ilona Slupianek GDR 2 San Sebastian 1977 3 21.01 Ilona Slupianek 1 Wien 1979 4 3 20.87 Eva Wilms FRG 3 Sab Sebastian 1977 5 4 20.84 Natalya Akhirimenko URS 1 Lievin 1987 6 20.84 Helena Fibingerova 1 Piraeus 1985 7 20.77 Ilon Slupianek 1 Grenoble 1981 8 20.75 Helena Fibingerova 1 Göteborg 1974 9 5 20.70 Natalya Lisovskaya EUN 1 Genova 1992 Margin of Victory Difference Dist Name Nat Venue Year Max 1.16m 19.76 Vita Pavlysh UKR Wien 2002 Min 1cm 19.12 Radoslava Mavrodieva BUL Glasgow 2019 3cm 19.66 Petra Lammert GER Torino 2009 Best Marks for Places in the European Indoor Championships Pos Time Name Nat Venue Year 1 21.46 Helena Fibingerova TCH San Sebastian 1977 2 21.12 Ilona Slupianek GDR San Sebastian 1977 3 20.87 Eva Wilms FRG Sab Sebastian 1977 4 20.09 Margitte Droese GDR San Sebastian 1977 Longest throw in each round at European Indoor Championships Round Dist Name Nat Position Venue Year Final 21.46 Helena Fibingerova TCH 1 San Sebastian 1977 First round 19.25 Denise Hinrichs GER 1q Torino 2009 Multiple Gold Medalists: Anita Marton (HUN): 2015, 2017 Astrud Kumbernuss (GER): 1994, 1996, Claudia Losch (FRG): 1986, 1988, 1990 Ilona Slupianek (GDR): 1979, 1981, Helena Fibingerova (TCH): 1973, 1974, 1977, 1978, 1980, 1983, 1984, 1985 Nadezhda Chizhova (URS): 1967, 1968, 1970,
    [Show full text]
  • 2014 European Championships Statistics – Women's 100M
    2014 European Championships Statistics – Women’s 100m by K Ken Nakamura All time performance list at the European Championships Performance Performer Time Wind Name Nat Pos Venue Year 1 1 10.73 2.0 Christine Arron FRA 1 Budapest 1998 2 10.81 1.3 Christine Arron 1sf1 Budapest 1998 3 2 10.83 2.0 Irina Privalova RUS 2 Budapest 1998 4 3 10.87 2.0 Ekaterini Thanou GRE 3 Budapest 1998 5 4 10.89 1.8 Katrin Krabbe GDR 1 Split 1990 6 5 10.91 0.8 Marlies Göhr GDR 1 Stuttgart 1986 7 10.92 0.9 Ekaterini Thanou 1sf2 Budapest 1998 7 6 10.92 2.0 Zhanna Pintusevich -Block UKR 4 Budapest 1998 9 10.98 1.2 Marlies Göhr 1sf2 Stuttgart 1986 10 11.00 1.3 Zhanna Pintusevich -Block 2sf1 Budapest 1998 11 11.01 -0.5 Marlies Göhr 1 Athinai 1982 11 11.01 0.9 Zhanna Pintusevich -Block 1h2 Helsinki 1994 13 11.02 0.6 Irina Privalova 1 Helsinki 1994 13 11.02 0.9 Irina Privalova 2sf2 Budapest 1998 15 7 11.04 0.8 Anelia Nuneva BUL 2 Stuttgart 1986 15 11.04 0.6 Ekaterini Thanou 1h4 Budapest 1998 17 8 11.05 1.2 Silke Gladisch -Möller GDR 2sf2 Stuttgart 1986 17 11.05 0.3 Ekaterini Thanou 1sf2 München 2002 19 11.06 -0.1 Marlies Göhr 1h2 Stuttgart 1986 19 11.06 -0.8 Zhanna Pintusevich -Block 1h1 Budapest 1998 19 9 11.06 1.8 Kim Gevaert BEL 1 Göteborg 2006 22 10 11.06 1.7 Ivet Lalova BUL 1h2 Helsinki 2012 22 11.07 0.0 Katrin Krabbe 1h1 Split 1990 22 11 11.07 2.0 Melanie Paschke GER 5 Budapest 1998 25 11.07 0.3 Ekaterini Thanou 1h4 München 2002 25 11.08 1.2 Anelia Nuneva 3sf2 Stuttga rt 1986 27 12 11.08 0.8 Nelli Cooman NED 3 Stuttgart 1986 28 11.09 0.8 Silke Gladisch -Möller
    [Show full text]
  • Argento - Bronzo
    OLIMPIADI L'Albo d'Oro delle Olimpiadi Atletica Leggera DONNE 100 METRI ANNO ORO - ARGENTO - BRONZO 2016 E. Thompson (JAM) 10”71, T. Bowie (USA) 10”83, S. A. Fraser (JAM) 10,86 2012 Shelly-Ann Fraser (JAM), Carmelita Jeter (USA), Veronica Campbell (JAM) 2008 Shelly-Ann Fraser (JAM), Sherone Simpson (JAM), Kerron Stewart (JAM) 2004 Yuliva Nesterenko (BLR), Lauryn Williams (USA), Veronica Campbell (JAM) 2000 vacante, Ekaterini Thanou (GRE), Tanya Lawrence (JAM), Merlene Ottey-Page (JAM) (Marion Jones (USA) squal.doping, 2 argenti 1 bronzo) 1996 Gail Devers (USA), Merlene Ottey (JAM), Gwen Torrence (USA) 1992 Gail Devers (USA), Juliet Cuthbert (JAM), Irina Privalova (CSI) 1988 Florence Griffith-Joyner (USA), Evelyn Ashford (USA), Heike Drechsler (GEE) 1984 Evelyn Ashford (USA), Alice Brown (USA), Merlene Ottey-Page (JAM) 1980 Lyudmila Kondratyeva (URS), Marlies Göhr (GEE), Ingrid Lange-Auerswald (GEE) 1976 Annegret Richter (GEO), Renate Stecher (GEE), Inge Helten (GEO) 1972 Renate Stecher (GEE), Raelene Boyle (AUS), Silvia Chivás (CUB) 1968 Wyomia Tyus (USA), Barbara Ferrell (USA), Irena Szewinska (POL) 1964 Wyomia Tyus (USA), Edith McGuire (USA), Ewa Klobukowska (POL) 1960 Wilma Rudolph (USA), Dorothy Hyman (GBR), Giuseppina Leone (ITA) 1956 Betty Cuthbert (AUS), Christa Stubnick (GER), Marlene Matthews (AUS) 1952 Marjorie Jackson (AUS), Daphne Hasenjäger (SAF), Shirley Strickland-de la Hunty (AUS) 1948 Fanny Blankers-Koen (OLA), Dorothy Manley (GBR), Shirley Strickland-de la Hunty (AUS) 1936 Helen Stephens (USA), Stanislawa Walasiewicz (POL), Käthe Krauss (GER) 1932 Stanislawa Walasiewicz (POL), Hilda Strike (CAN), Wilhelmina Van Bremen (USA 1928 Elizabeth Robinson (USA), Fanny Rosenfeld (CAN), Ethel Smith (CAN) 1896-1924 Non in programma 200 METRI ANNO ORO - ARGENTO - BRONZO 2016 E.
    [Show full text]
  • Men's 200M Diamond Race 15.07.2016
    Men's 200m Diamond Race 15.07.2016 Start list 200m Time: 21:35 Records Lane Athlete Nat NR PB SB 1 Nery BRENES CRC 20.62 20.43 20.43 WR 19.19 Usain BOLT JAM Berlin 20.08.09 2 James ELLINGTON GBR 19.94 20.31 20.31 AR 19.72 Pietro MENNEA ITA Ciudad de México 12.09.79 NR 21.89 Sébastien GATTUSO MON Marsa 05.06.03 3 Yancarlos MARTÍNEZ DOM 20.19 20.19 20.19 WJR 19.93 Usain BOLT JAM Hamilton 11.04.04 4 Julian FORTE JAM 19.19 20.04 20.18 MR 19.68 Justin GATLIN USA 18.07.14 5 Christophe LEMAITRE FRA 19.80 19.80 20.27 DLR 19.26 Yohan BLAKE JAM Bruxelles 16.09.11 6 Churandy MARTINA NED 19.85 19.85 20.11 SB 19.74 LaShawn MERRITT USA Eugene 08.07.16 7 Alonso EDWARD PAN 19.81 19.81 20.06 8 Shota IIZUKA JPN 20.03 20.11 20.11 2016 World Outdoor list 19.74 +1.4 LaShawn MERRITT USA Eugene 08.07.16 19.75 +1.6 Justin GATLIN USA Eugene 09.07.16 Medal Winners Diamond Race 19.85 +1.9 Ameer WEBB USA Doha 06.05.16 1 Alonso EDWARD (PAN) 26 19.88 +1.2 Miguel FRANCIS ANT Kingston 11.06.16 2016 - Amsterdam European Ch. 2 Ameer WEBB (USA) 22 19.95 +0.4 Nethaneel MITCHELL-BLAKE GBR Tuscaloosa 14.05.16 1. Bruno HORTELANO-ROIG (ESP) 20.45 3 Andre DE GRASSE (CAN) 10 19.96 +1.1 Brendon RODNEY CAN Edmonton 10.07.16 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Ukrainian Catholic Patriarchal Cathedral Consecrated in Kyiv Over 20,000 Pilgrims Attend
    INSIDE: l The pro-Russian lobby in Ukraine – page 3 l Soyuzivka chooses its 2014 “Miss” – page 5 l Tryzub’s archers, Striltsi, conclude season – page 14 THEPublished U by theKRAINIAN Ukrainian National Association Inc., a fraternal W non-profit associationEEKLY Vol. LXXXI No. 34 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, AUGUST 25, 2013 $1/$2 in Ukraine Ukrainian Catholic Patriarchal Cathedral consecrated in Kyiv Over 20,000 pilgrims attend by Zenon Zawada KYIV – Yevhenia Lytvyn of Buenos Aires had the bless- ing of being under the spiritual guidance of Patriarch Sviatoslav Shevchuk when he was a bishop in her parish for two years before being propelled to lead the global Ukrainian Catholic Church in 2011 upon his election as major archbishop. “We were sad because we had him close to us,” she said. “We lost him in the sense that he was close by, but we didn’t lose him because now he’s leading the Church. How can Argentina not be represented here?” Her delegation of 22 parishioners was among the more than 20,000 Ukrainian Catholic pilgrims from Ukraine, and throughout the world who converged on Kyiv during the weekend of August 17-18 to participate in the consecra- tion of the Patriarchal Cathedral of the Resurrection of Christ. They’ve been supporting the cathedral’s construc- tion for the last 11 years with their prayers and tithes. The blessing of the Patriarchal Cathedral was per- formed by Patriarch Sviatoslav, together with members of the Synod of Bishops of the Ukrainian Greek-Catholic Church, Apostolic Nuncio to Ukraine Thomas Edward Zenon Zawada Gullickson and Roman Catholic bishops.
    [Show full text]
  • 5000 Metres Walk
    ISTANBUL 2012 ★ NATIONAL INDOOR RECORDS/MEN 269 COUNTRY MARK NAME VENUE DATE COUNTRY MARK NAME VENUE DATE JPN 5600 Munehiro Kaneko Frankfurt-am-Main 11 Feb 96 TUN 5733 Hamdi Dhouibi Aubière 1 Mar 03 (7.18 – 6.88 – 13.97 – 1.80 / 8.24 – 4.90 – 2:43.05) (6.98 – 7.39 – 12.58 – 1.95 / 8.11 – 4.50 – 2:44.68) KAZ 6229 Dmitriy Karpov Tallinn 16 Feb 08 TUR 5612 Alper Kasapoğlu Monmout 2 Feb 97 (7.07 – 7.21 – 16.23 – 2.07 / 7.99 – 5.15 – 2:43.69) (7.19 – 7.00 – 13.07 – 1.88 / 8.13 – 4.46 – 2:50.72) KSA 5791 Mohammed Al-Qaree Hanoi 2 Nov 09 UKR 6254 Oleksiy Kasyanov Zaporizhzhya 31 Jan 10 (6.84 – 7.35 – 13.25 – 2.06 / 8.17 – 4.40 – 2:52.04) (6.85 – 8.04 – 15.15 – 2.05 / 8.18 – 4.70 – 2:42.88) KUW 4985 Mashari Zaki Mubarak Tehran 7 Feb 04 USA 6568 Ashton Eaton Tallinn 6 Feb 11 (7.09 – 6.46 – 12.67 – 1.90 / 8.30 – 4.00 – 3:11.10) (6.66 – 7.77 – 14.45 – 2.01 / 7.60 – 5.20 – 2:34.74) LAO 4069 Oudomsack Chanthavong Hanoi 2 Nov 09 UZB* 5918 Ramil Ganiyev Sofiya 25 Feb 90 (7.31 – 6.45 – 8.32 – 1.85 / 8.58 – 0 – 2:55.00) (7.12 – 7.26 – 14.20 – 2.15 / 8.22 – 4.70 – 2:49.51) LAT 5787 Edgars Eriņš Riga 23 Feb 08 VIE 5622 Vu Van Huyen Hanoi 2 Nov 09 (7.04 – 7.35 – 15.18 – 1.97 / 8.16 – 4.00 – 2:38.92) (6.96 – 7.18 – 11.64 – 2.00 / 8.43 – 4.60 – 2:45.52) LBR 5836 Janggy Addy Fayetteville 1 Mar 08 Notes (6.88 – 7.32 – 15.79 – 1.96 / 7.74 – 4.34 – 3:01.18) UZB 6031 Vadim Podmaryov (6.96 – 7.46 – 14.76 – 2.10 / 8.36 – 4.60 – LCA 5675 Dominic Johnson Manhattan 16 Jan 99 (7.13 – 6.90 – 12.79 – 2.06 / 8.47 – 4.70 – 2:42.22) 2:41.65) Zaporizhzhya 11 Feb 84 – Not recognised
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 Olympic Games Statistics
    2020 Olympic Games Statistics – Women’s DT by K Ken Nakamura The records to look for in Tokyo: 1) Can Perkovic become first three-time winner? Third three-time medalist (after Manoliu & Romashkova) 2) Can Lawrence win first Olympic medal for JAM at WDT? Summary Page: All time performance list at the Olympics Performance Performer Dist Name Nat Pos Venue Year 1 1 72.30 Ma rtina Hellmann GDR 1 Seoul 1988 2 2 71.88 Diana Gansky GDR 2 Seoul 1988 3 3 70.06 Maritza Marten CUB 1 Barcelona 1992 4 4 69.96 Evelin Jahl (Schlaak) GDR 1 Moskva 1980 5 5 69.74 Tsvetanka Khristova BUL 3 Seoul 1988 6 6 69.66 Ilke Wyludda GER 1 Atlanta 1996 7 7 69.21 Sandra Perkovic CRO 1 Rio de Jan eiro 2016 Shortest winning distance since 1972: 64.74 by Stephanie Trafton (USA) in 2008 Margin of Victory Difference Winning dist Name Nat Venue Year Max 4.34m 51.42 Nina Romashkova URS Helsinki 1952 3.18m 69.66 Ilke Wyludda GER Atlanta 1996 Min 6cm 57.27 Tamara Press URS To kyo 1964 34cm 67.02 Natalya Sadova RUS Athinai 2004 Longest throw in each round Round distance Name Nat Venue Year Final 72.30 Martina Hellmann GDR Seoul 1988 Qualifying 67.92 Larisa Korotkevich EUN Barcelona 1992 Longest non-qualifier for the final Dist Po sition Name Nat Venue Year 61 .98 13q Barbara Hechav arria Aponte CUB Atlanta 1996 Best Marks for Places in the Olympics Pos Distance Name Nat Venue Year 1 72.30 Martina Hell mann GDR Seoul 1988 2 71.88 Diana Gansky GDR Seoul 1988 3 69.74 Tsvetanka K hristova BUL Seoul 1988 4 69.14 Svetlana Mitkova BUL Seoul 1988 Last eight Olympics: Year Gold Nat Dist
    [Show full text]