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CommunicationCommunication EquipmentEquipment inin EmergenciesEmergencies

Pan American Health Organization 2009 CommunicationCommunication devicesdevices

.. SatelliteSatellite devicesdevices .. HFHF radiosradios .. VHFVHF // UHFUHF radiosradios .. GPSGPS // GoogleGoogle EarthEarth ProPro possibilitiespossibilities

Pan American Health Organization 2009 SatelliteSatellite communicationcommunication

•• Iridium Iridium networknetwork •• Thuraya Thuraya networknetwork •• Mini-m Mini-m •• Voice Voice andand datadata •• Pro Pro andand contrascontras

Pan American Health Organization 2009 IridiumIridium

•• 66 66 satellitessatellites •• 6 6 orbitalorbital planesplanes •• 11 11 satellitessatellites // orbitalorbital planeplane •• Inter-satellite Inter-satellite crosscross linkslinks •• 48 48 spotspot beamsbeams /satellite/satellite •• Global Global networknetwork

Pan American Health Organization 2009 IridiumIridium CoverageCoverage MapMap

Pan American Health Organization 2009 IridiumIridium (cont)(cont)

•• Bigger Bigger thanthan ThurayasThurayas •• Only Only trulytruly globalglobal satellitesatellite phonephone •• Do Do notnot havehave GSMGSM •• Do Do notnot havehave GPSGPS •• Can Can bebe usedused forfor datadata …… slowslow andand problemsproblems ofof synchronizationsynchronization •• Easy Easy toto useuse -- likelike aa GSMGSM

Pan American Health Organization 2009 ThurayaThuraya CoverageCoverage MapMap

Pan American Health Organization 2009 ThurayaThuraya •• Doesn’t Doesn’t workwork inin ourour areaarea (Americas),(Americas), onlyonly inin ,Europe, AsiaAsia && AfricaAfrica •• Small Small pocketpocket satellitesatellite phonephone •• Possibility Possibility toto useuse thethe GSMGSM ••GP GPSS •• Relatively Relatively cheapcheap •• Thuraya Thuraya toto ThurayaThuraya << 11 usdusd // minmin •• Data Data connectionconnection withwith cablecable butbut slowslow (9.6(9.6 kbps)kbps)

Pan American Health Organization 2009 InmarsatInmarsat -- DataData communicationcommunication •• Services Services areare basedbased onon GEOSTATIGEOSTATIONARYONARY satellitessatellites situatedsituated aboveabove thethe equatorequator •• Each Each SatelliteSatellite coverscovers aa certaincertain areaarea •• Different Different devicesdevices usingusing thisthis networknetwork –– Mini-mMini-m –– NeraNera –– Bgan:Bgan: ExplorerExplorer 500500 andand HughesHughes 92019201 ––V-Sa V-Satt

Pan American Health Organization 2009 InmarsatInmarsat CoverageCoverage MapMap

Pan American Health Organization 2009 InmarsatInmarsat CapsatCapsat Mini-mMini-m && NeraNera

•• Mini Mini mm Capsat,Capsat, mainlymainly forfor voicevoice •• Old Old devices,devices, datadata transfertransfer veryvery slowslow (2,4(2,4 kbps)kbps) •• Calling Calling chargescharges higherhigher thanthan otherother satellitesatellite phonesphones •• Advantage: Advantage: removableremovable lidlid antennaantenna whichwhich cancan bebe placedplaced outsideoutside forfor goodgood receptionreception

Pan American Health Organization 2009 BGan:BGan:

•• BGAN: BGAN: BroadbandBroadband GlobalGlobal AreaArea NetworkNetwork –– MobileMobile satellitesatellite serviceservice –– ProvidesProvides highhigh speedspeed datadata (492(492 kbps)kbps) –– VoiceVoice telephonytelephony –– E-mailsE-mails andand internetinternet accessaccess

Pan American Health Organization 2009 HughesHughes 9201,9201, T&TT&T ExplorerExplorer 500500

Pan American Health Organization 2009 Techn.Techn. Specif.Specif. T&TT&T ExplorerExplorer 500:500:

•• Broadband Broadband mobilemobile terminal:terminal: 1.41.4 kgkg •• Integrated Integrated antennaantenna •• Provides Provides highhigh speedspeed datadata andand voicevoice communicationcommunication viavia thethe BganBgan •• Advantages Advantages –– Immediate Immediate deploymentdeployment (no(no needneed ofof computercomputer forfor voice)voice) –– Ideal Ideal forfor 22 peoplepeople sharingsharing thethe bandwidthbandwidth –– Provide Provide e-maile-mail && internetinternet –– Data Data speedspeed upup toto 464464 kbpskbps withwith shareshare bandwidthbandwidth –– Constant Constant streamingstreaming raterate atat 128128 kbpskbps –– Recommended Recommended asas partpart ofof thethe PersonalPersonal KitKit AdvancedAdvanced

Pan American Health Organization 2009 TechnicalTechnical specificationsspecifications HughesHughes 92019201

•• Simultaneous Simultaneous voicevoice && datadata overover bganbgan •• Standard Standard IPIP Data:Data: UpUp toto 492492 kbpskbps (send(send && receive)receive) •• Streaming Streaming IPIP Data:Data: upup toto 256256 kbpskbps •• 2.8 2.8 kg,kg, sizesize ofof aa portableportable computercomputer •• Ethernet enableenable andand WIFIWIFI ((Wireless LanLan 802.11802.11 accessaccess )) •• Recommended Recommended asas partpart ofof thethe ininitialitial ResponseResponse FieldField KitKit toto shareshare withwith upup toto 55 fieldfield workersworkers

Pan American Health Organization 2009 LongerLonger termterm possibilitiespossibilities

•• Vsat: Vsat: “Very“Very SmallSmall ApertureAperture Terminal”Terminal” –– TransportableTransportable satellitesatellite dedicateddedicated linklink solutionsolution –– ForFor officeoffice upup toto 3030 staffstaff •• Internet accessaccess •• Intranet/extranet Intranet/extranet •• Virtual Virtual PrivatePrivate NetworkNetwork (VPN)(VPN) •• Voice/ Voice/fax •• Video Video teleconferencing…teleconferencing…

Pan American Health Organization 2009 VsatVsat (cont)(cont)

Pan American Health Organization 2009 HF,HF, VHFVHF && UHFUHF radiosradios

•• HF: HF: HighHigh FrequencyFrequency •• VHF: VHF: VeryVery HighHigh FrequencyFrequency •• UHF: UHF: UltraUltra HighHigh FrequencyFrequency

•• Once Once bought,bought, thethe communicationcommunication withwith thesethese devicesdevices isis FREEFREE •• Security Security wise,wise, thethe communicationcommunication isis alwaysalways possiblepossible (while(while satellitesatellite accessaccess cancan bebe stopped)stopped)

Pan American Health Organization 2009 RadioRadio WavesWaves

Pan American Health Organization 2009 VHFVHF && UHFUHF radioradio waveswaves

•• Direct Direct wavewave •• Short Short distancedistance maximummaximum 4040 kmkm ifif nono obstacleobstacle •• Clear Clear communication,communication, nono delaydelay inin receptionreception •• Cost Cost reducedreduced comparedcompared toto HFHF radiosradios

Pan American Health Organization 2009 DifferentDifferent VHFVHF && UHFUHF devicesdevices usedused •• Handset: Handset: MotorolaMotorola GPGP 380380 –– TypicalTypical powerpower 55 WattWatt –– LimitedLimited rangerange –– Built-inBuilt-in rechargeablerechargeable batteriesbatteries –– TIP:TIP: NiCadNiCad batteriesbatteries havehave MEMORYMEMORY EFFECTEFFECT -- regularlyregularly unloadedunloaded themthem fullyfully forfor extendedextended life,life, ideallyideally goodgood toto havehave 22 batteriesbatteries –– TIP:TIP: NEVERNEVER TAKETAKE THETHE HANDSETHANDSET BYBY THETHE ANTENNAANTENNA !!!!!!

Pan American Health Organization 2009 DifferentDifferent VHFVHF && UHFUHF devicesdevices (cont)(cont) •• Mobile Mobile stationstation –– UsedUsed inin vehiclesvehicles –– 12v12v carcar batterybattery poweredpowered –– ExternalExternal antennaantenna onon toptop ofof vehiclevehicle ––TIP TIP::

Pan American Health Organization 2009 DifferentDifferent VHFVHF && UHFUHF devicesdevices (cont)(cont)

•• Base Base station:station: –– HighHigh powerpower –– InstalledInstalled inin radioradio roomroom –– 1212 VV batterybattery poweredpowered –– HighHigh positionedpositioned antennaantenna

Pan American Health Organization 2009 GPS:GPS: GlobalGlobal PositioningPositioning SystemSystem

.. GPSGPS isis fundedfunded andand controlledcontrolled byby thethe U.S.U.S. DepartmentDepartment ofof DefenseDefense (DoD).(DoD). .. WhileWhile therethere areare manymany thousandsthousands ofof civilcivil usersusers ofof GPSGPS world-world- wide,wide, thethe systemsystem waswas designeddesigned foforr andand isis operatedoperated byby thethe U.S.U.S. military.military.

Pan American Health Organization 2009 Pan American Health Organization 2009 Pan American Health Organization 2009 SystemSystem LimitationsLimitations

•• Intended Intended errorerror (Department(Department ofof Defense)Defense) •• Has Has toto bebe usedused withwith clearclear andand unobstructedunobstructed viewview ofof thethe skysky –– Buildings Buildings –– Trees Trees (rain(rain forest,forest, jungle,jungle, …)…) –– Clouds Clouds –– Dust Dust (sand(sand storm,storm, ashash fromfrom volcanicvolcanic eruption,eruption, …)…) •• Altitude Altitude

Pan American Health Organization 2009 PEDPED exploitationexploitation

•• Positioning Positioning (security,(security, healthhealth centers)centers)

•• Navigation Navigation (go(go to)to)

•• Mapping Mapping (refugees(refugees camp,camp, affectedaffected areas)areas)

•• Relief Relief profileprofile (water(water source)source)

Pan American Health Organization 2009 Pan American Health Organization 2009 GettingGetting startedstarted

Pan American Health Organization 2009 AcquiringAcquiring satellitessatellites

JustJust waitwait ….….

Pan American Health Organization 2009 •• Accuracy Accuracy

•• Coordinates Coordinates

•• Satellites Satellites statusstatus

Pan American Health Organization 2009 ImportantImportant SetupSetup

•• The The WorldWorld GeodeticGeodetic SystemSystem WGS84WGS84 (or(or WGS1984)WGS1984) definesdefines aa referencereference frameframe forfor thethe earth.earth.

•• Latitude Latitude (Horizontal(Horizontal NN oror SS fromfrom 00 toto 90°)90°) RefRef == EquatorEquator •• Longitude Longitude (vertical(vertical EE oror WW fromfrom 00 toto 180°)180°) refref == GreenwichGreenwich (UK)(UK) Hddd°mm’ss.s’’Hddd°mm’ss.s’’

Pan American Health Organization 2009 Pan American Health Organization 2009 AccessAccess thethe mainmain menumenu byby repeatedlyrepeatedly pushingpushing thethe “rocker“rocker key”key” (page)(page)

ScrollScroll downdown toto “setup”“setup”

“Enter”“Enter” (push(push thethe scrollingscrolling button)button)

Pan American Health Organization 2009 ScrollScroll downdown toto “Units”“Units”

“Enter”“Enter”

Pan American Health Organization 2009 EnterEnter onon “Position“Position format”format”

“Enter”“Enter”

Pan American Health Organization 2009 ScrollScroll downdown thethe menumenu toto ““hddd°mm’ss.s’’hddd°mm’ss.s’’

“Enter”“Enter”

Pan American Health Organization 2009 “Enter”“Enter” onon “Map“Map Datum”Datum”

ChooseChoose ““WGSWGS 8484””

“Enter”“Enter”

Pan American Health Organization 2009 CONFIGUREDCONFIGURED

PushPush repeatedlyrepeatedly thethe “page“page button”button”

Pan American Health Organization 2009 UntilUntil thethe satellitesatellite statusstatus screenscreen

ToTo “mark”“mark” (record)(record) youryour currentcurrent position,position, pushpush andand holdhold thethe “rocker“rocker key”key”

Pan American Health Organization 2009 CurrentCurrent positionposition isis NN 12°07’04.2’’12°07’04.2’’ WW 068°57’58.8’’068°57’58.8’’

ToTo record,record, “enter”“enter”

Pan American Health Organization 2009 BackBack toto thethe “satellite“satellite status”status” screenscreen

ByBy pushingpushing repeatedlyrepeatedly thethe “page“page button”,button”, differentdifferent screensscreens areare displayeddisplayed ……

Pan American Health Organization 2009 NavigationNavigation screenscreen

CompassCompass isis notnot workingworking whenwhen thethe GPSGPS isis notnot inin movementmovement

Pan American Health Organization 2009 MapMap

Pan American Health Organization 2009 GPSGPS useuse withwith GoogleGoogle EarthEarth ProPro

•• With With GoogleGoogle EarthEarth PlusPlus (400(400 usd/year)usd/year) thethe GPSGPS datadata cancan bebe downloadeddownloaded •• All All thethe RecordedRecorded pointspoints willwill appearappear onon thethe MapMap •• You You cancan selectselect differentdifferent ICONSICONS forfor thethe differentdifferent infrastructuresinfrastructures •• See See thethe mapmap belowbelow :: CITYCITY ofof TRINIDADTRINIDAD (Bolivia),(Bolivia), itit showsshows allall thethe campamentscampaments andand thethe healthhealth postsposts

Pan American Health Organization 2009 Pan American Health Organization 2009 LimitationsLimitations ofof GoogleGoogle EarthEarth •• You You cannotcannot insertinsert datadata forfor thethe pointspoints selectedselected as,as, population,population, numbernumber ofof tents,tents, waterwater quantity,quantity, numbernumber ofof latrines…latrines… •• Other Other moremore expansiveexpansive programsprograms cancan dodo it:it: –– MoreMore complicatedcomplicated toto useuse –– TIP:TIP: checkcheck withwith otherother partnerspartners ifif theythey don’tdon’t havehave thethe capacitycapacity andand trainedtrained personnelpersonnel ableable toto dodo moremore sophisticatedsophisticated mapping.mapping. (OCHA,(OCHA, UNDAC,UNDAC, OXFAM,OXFAM, UNJLC…)UNJLC…)

Pan American Health Organization 2009