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Download Article Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 232 4th International Conference on Arts, Design and Contemporary Education (ICADCE 2018) Landscape Design of Vine Garden of Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden of Chinese Academy of Sciences Min Liu Xiuying Qin The College of Arts and Sciences Yunnan Normal The College of Arts and Sciences Yunnan Normal University University Kunming, China Kunming, China Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences Academy of Sciences Xishuangbanna, China Xishuangbanna, China Abstract—This paper, starting from the historical context of conducted relatively profound research on vine whether in its Xishuangbanna and the botanical garden and focusing on local physiological and ecological habits or the specific form of human culture, natural and vine resources, analyzes the landscaping. Especially in landscape design, many botanical landscape characteristics of the Xishuangbanna Tropical gardens have set up vine garden, which has become an Botanical Garden (XTBG) vine garden and mainly discusses the important landscape form showing the landscaping level. plant landscape of three major landscape regions: the entrance Some botanical gardens use vines to present the wall garden. landscape area, the integrated service area and the central For example, the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew landscape area, reflecting the theme of specialized garden with displays important and ornamental vines from all over the local characteristics themed as “scientific botanical garden”, world [4]. MFO Park uses rebar materials to establish a huge “biological biodiversity”, “high enrichment of species” and cube framework for vines to climb, forming a large area of “from city to countryside”. vertical greening landscape including green wall, green Keywords—tropical botanical garden; vine; specialized garden; columns, etc. In addition, in the entrance of Fairchild Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, different gallery frames matching with vines of different flowering phases, colors, leaves, forms and latitudes are designed as the main plant landscape [5]. I. INTRODUCTION Widely but not evenly distributed, vine [1] exists in many In China, few botanical gardens set up vine gardens, regions of the world, including forests, deserts and rainforest mainly including Xiamen Botanical Garden, Shanghai areas, and subtropical and tropical regions have the highest Chenshan Botanical Garden, Guangdong South China diversity of species of vines. About 1/3 of plant families in the Botanical Garden, etc. In Xiamen Botanical Garden, the vine world contain vines [2]. area and the bright-colored shrub area jointly constitute the Lianas Bright-Colored Shrub Area which preserves more than China abounds with vine resources, and of more than 100 vines, mainly including vines with ornamental leaf, stem 50,000 species of higher plants in China, vines account for and fruit. The plants are displayed according to the family and more than 10%, most of which are distributed in the tropical genus. For the landscape layout, various frames are applied, and subtropical regions of south China, southwest China, mostly some pergola form frames. The plant form reflects the central China and east China. In recent decades, species matching with the site, which is the local feature. In domestic researchers begin to pay close attention to the Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, the vine garden mainly resource condition, physiological ecology characteristics, collects vines from east China and foreign excellent vines of breeding technology, ecological adaptability, eco-economic nearly 160 species. The landscape there based on the steel art function, biological characteristics, etc. of vines, and the gallery frame of “Chinese wisteria tunnel” at the entrance and research on landscape application is mainly from the rectangular modern gallery frame creates an overall style of perspective of the classification of life forms of vine. South harmony and unity [6]. Apart from the vine species shown in China has most abundant species of vine resources in China, botanical gardens, there are also some vine-themed parks, such and according to the survey, there are 1154 species of vine, as Shanghai Manqu Park, Jiading Wisteria Garden, Guangxi accounting for about 16% of the flora [3]. Nanning Qingxiu Hill Park Vine Garden that are based on vine landscaping. II. CURRENT SITUATION OF VINE GARDEN IN CHINA There are a great variety of specialized botanical gardens of various forms around the world. Scholars abroad have Copyright © 2018, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 522 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 232 III. THE TROPICAL BOTANICAL GARDEN VINE GARDEN A. Diversified Species of Vines FIELD CONTEXT The vine garden collects more than 500 vine species XTBG vine garden makes full use of abundant plant belonging to more than 50 families. Thereinto, there are 56 resources and rich local cultural resources. Located in the species of China endemic species and 21 Yunan endemic northern area of XTBG, the vine garden covers an area of 72 species; rare or endangered species: Beaumontia grandiflora, mu. The land parcel here is of strip form, with low-lying south Getonia floribunda and Marsdenia incisa; minimum population part and high-lying north part, the maximum altitude plants: Chonemorpha verrucosa, Parepigynum funingense, difference of 6m, and from west to east, the terrain is also Mucuna castanea, Gnetum montanum, Aristolochia gigantea gradually descending, with the altitude difference of only 1m. and other vines. Of the climbing type vines in the vine garden, there are 218 species of winding vines, 46 species of tendril The Vine Garden was built on a previous residential vines, 9 grapple vines, 9 creeping vines, 7 absorbing vines and complex of XTBG staff, and some original facilities including 124 hanging vines. hundreds of trees, staff canteen, sports field, staff residential buildings, apartment for floating personnel, etc. are retained. In B. Landscape Characteristics of Specialized Garden the middle of the Vine Garden is a main road, which runs through the whole garden from east to west, and is near the The design of vine gardens draw lessons from Chinese Fruit Garden to the east, near the Bamboo Garden and the traditional garden landscape techniques, combined with the Flower Garden to the west, near the Office Area and the five elements of plants, architecture, rock, water and gardens, Commemorative Plant Garden to the south, and near the with full use of the growth characteristics of vine. Three key Tropical Rain Forest to the north. According to the master plan areas, the entrance landscape area, comprehensive service area of XTBG, the staff residential zone is entirely relocated to the and central landscape area, are highlighted. Taking the residence community outside XTBG, and after the relocation, advantages of growth characteristics of vines, a variety of the region was planned for the construction of specialized space landscapes are formed combined with different elements, garden mainly for conservation and display of the typical such as walls, gallery frames, roofs, wall fences, garden tropical plant--vines. In the stage of engineering construction, ornaments and ramps the staff canteen was transformed for reuse; the apartment for 1) Landscape characteristics of entrance area: The floating personnel cannot be removed so was retained; some entrance of vine gardens accesses to the botanical garden’s buildings and walls of the staff residence were retained to record the historical signs of the staff living here. The tour bus transfer station, in which the tourists are relatively buildings and walls retained are used to support climbing concentrated. The spacious entrance space meets the needs of plants, which becomes a unique form of display. tourists' distribution. In the entrance area, the starting point of landscape is a large wooden-structure flower group, and the IV. LANDSCAPE CHARACTERISTICS OF XTBG VINE romantic atmosphere is built with Cissus sicyoides, with the GARDEN integrated service building (Tengming House) as the From the perspective of XTBG traditional context, the background. The pergola groups contain two groups of L designer of the XTBG Vine Garden referred to the landscaping pergolas and 9 single pergolas, and two L-shaped pergolas methods Chinese traditional gardens and introduced the and a quadrangle built around Tengming House. In the connotation of scientific botanical gardens and regional culture courtyard, 9 cubic-shaped independent pergolas are designed to create this unique tropical vine garden according to the to form an enclosure space. needs of vines for habitat. The design of the Vine Garden In the Tengming House, the left L-shaped pergola is reflects the theme from gardening display to nature and the cultivated with Pyrostegia venusta, with orange inflorescences style from city to countryside; it makes full use of the space hung all over the pergola, which is really bustling. And the left frames of old buildings, walls and fences, and of the natural L-shaped pergola is cultivated with Cissus sicyoides that is a forests to introduce climbing plants to form vertical greening, characteristic plant of the tropics. Cissus sicyoides is moisture- suggesting that vines, as the common plant materials
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