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The Health Benefits of Fruits and Vegetables The Health Benefits of Fruits and Vegetables • Mercedes Del Río Celestino and Rafael Villa Font The Health Benefits of Fruits and Vegetables Edited by Mercedes Del Río Celestino and Rafael Font Villa Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Foods www.mdpi.com/journal/foods The Health Benefits of Fruits and Vegetables The Health Benefits of Fruits and Vegetables Special Issue Editors Mercedes Del R´ıoCelestino Rafael Font Villa MDPI • Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade • Manchester • Tokyo • Cluj • Tianjin Special Issue Editors Mercedes Del R´ıo Celestino Rafael Font Villa Agri-food Laboratory of Córdoba Agri-food Laboratory of Córdoba CAGPDS, Junta de Andalucía CAGPDS, Junta de Andalucía Córdoba, Spain Córdoba, Spain Editorial Office MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Foods (ISSN 2304-8158) (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/foods/special issues/Fruits phytochemicals Epidemiological). For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: LastName, A.A.; LastName, B.B.; LastName, C.C. Article Title. Journal Name Year, Article Number, Page Range. ISBN 978-3-03928-829-8 (Hbk) ISBN 978-3-03928-830-4 (PDF) Cover image courtesy of Mercedes del R´ıo Celestino. c 2020 by the authors. Articles in this book are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. The book as a whole is distributed by MDPI under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND. Contents About the Special Issue Editors ..................................... vii Mercedes del R´ıo-Celestinoand Rafael Font The Health Benefits of Fruits and Vegetables Reprinted from: Foods 2020, 9, 369, doi:10.3390/foods90303695 .................... 1 Sujeewa K. Hettihewa, Yacine Hemar and H. P. Vasantha Rupasinghe Flavonoid-Rich Extract of Actinidia macrosperma (A Wild Kiwifruit) Inhibits Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme In Vitro Reprinted from: Foods 2018, 7, 146, doi:10.3390/foods7090146 ..................... 5 Zahira Fern´andez-Bedmar, Sebasti´an Demyda-Peyr´as, Tania Merinas-Amo and Mercedes del R´ıo-Celestino Nutraceutic Potential of Two Allium Species and Their Distinctive Organosulfur Compounds: A Multi-Assay Evaluation Reprinted from: Foods 2019, 8, 222, doi:10.3390/foods8060222 ..................... 13 Mar´ıa Angeles´ Toledano Medina, Tania Merinas-Amo, Zahira Fern´andez-Bedmar, Rafael Font, Mercedes del R´ıo-Celestino, Jes us´ P´erez-Aparicio, Alicia Moreno-Ortega, Angeles´ Alonso-Moraga and Rafael Moreno-Rojas Physicochemical Characterization and Biological Activities of Black and White Garlic: In Vivo and In Vitro Assays Reprinted from: Foods 2019, 8, 220, doi:10.3390/foods8060220 .................... 33 Tania Merinas-Amo, Roc´ıo Merinas-Amo, Victoria Garc´ıa-Zorrilla, Alejandro Velasco-Ruiz, Ladislav Chladek, Vladimir Plachy, Mercedes del R´ıo-Celestino, Rafael Font, Ladislav Kokoska and Angeles´ Alonso-Moraga Toxicological Studies of Czech Beers and Their Constituents Reprinted from: Foods 2019, 8, 328, doi:10.3390/foods8080328 ..................... 51 Roc´ıoMerinas-Amo, Mar´ıaMart´ınez-Jurado,Silvia Jurado-G ¨ueto, Angeles´ Alonso-Moraga and Tania Merinas-Amo Biological Effects of Food Coloring in In Vivo and In Vitro Model Systems Reprinted from: Foods 2019, 8, 176, doi:10.3390/foods8050176 ..................... 77 Marcos Mateo-Fern´andez,Pilar Alves-Mart´ınez,Mercedes Del R´ıo-Celestino,Rafael Font, Tania Merinas-Amo and Angeles´ Alonso-Moraga Food Safety and Nutraceutical Potential of Caramel Colour Class IV Using In Vivo and In Vitro Assays Reprinted from: Foods 2019, 8, 392, doi:10.3390/foods8090392 ..................... 97 Dan Liu, Yu-Qing Chen, Xiao-Wei Xiao, Ru-Ting Zhong, Cheng-Feng Yang, Bin Liu and Chao Zhao Nutrient Properties and Nuclear Magnetic Resonance-Based Metabonomic Analysis of Macrofungi Reprinted from: Foods 2019, 8, 397, doi:10.3390/foods8090397 5 ....................113 Sara Obregon-Cano,´ Rafael Moreno-Rojas, Ana Mar´ıa Jurado-Mill´an, Mar´ıa Elena Cartea-Gonz´alez and Antonio De Haro-Bailon´ Analysis of the Acid Detergent Fibre Content in Turnip Greens and Turnip Tops (Brassica rapa L. Subsp. rapa) by Means of Near-Infrared Reflectance Reprinted from: Foods 2019, 8, 364, doi:10.3390/foods80903645 ....................127 v Elena Cartea, Antonio De Haro-Bailon,´ Guillermo Padilla, Sara Obregon-Cano,´ Mercedes del Rio-Celestino and Amando Ord´as Seed Oil Quality of Brassica napus and Brassica rapa Germplasm from Northwestern Spain Reprinted from: Foods 2019, 8, 292, doi:10.3390/foods8080292 5 ....................143 Domenico Cautela, Filomena Monica Vella and Bruna Laratta The Effect of Processing Methods on Phytochemical Composition in Bergamot Juice Reprinted from: Foods 2019, 8, 474, doi:10.3390/foods81004745 ....................153 M. Angeles´ Toledano Medina, Jes us´ P´erez-Aparicio, Alicia Moreno-Ortega and Rafael Moreno-Rojas Influence of Variety and Storage Time of Fresh Garlic on the Physicochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Black Garlic Reprinted from: Foods 2019, 8, 314, doi:10.3390/foods8080314 .....................167 Elizabeth Svisco, Carmen Byker Shanks, Selena Ahmed and Katie Bark Variation of Adolescent Snack Food Choices and Preferences along a Continuum of Processing Levels: The Case of Apples Reprinted from: Foods 2019, 8, 50, doi:10.3390/foods8020050 .....................177 Pham Anh Tuan, Jeongyeo Lee, Chang Ha Park, Jae Kwang Kim, Young-Hee Noh, Yeon Bok Kim, HyeRan Kim and Sang Un Park Carotenoid Biosynthesis in Oriental Melon (Cucumis melo L. var. makuwa) Reprinted from: Foods 2019, 8, 77, doi:10.3390/foods8020077 .....................197 vi About the Special Issue Editors Mercedes Del R´ıo Celestino, Ph.D. in Biological Sciences (2000), has been working in different institutes and research centers in Spain (IAS-CSIC, Cordoba)´ and Belgium (Universite´ Libre de Bruxelles), and has been awarded a contract from the “Ramon y Cajal” Spanish post-doc program. She was a permanent researcher in the Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology at the IFAPA (Almer´ıa, Spain) from 2009 to 2018. She is currently a research scientist at the Agri-Food Laboratory of Cordoba´ (Spain). She has published over 70 peer-reviewed scientific papers and various book chapters in the area of Plant Breeding. For several years, Dr. Del R´ıo Celestino has been studying the genetic control of the fatty acids of the Ethiopian mustard seed and how to increase the added value of the fruit of zucchini (Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo) through nutritional quality. Her achievements include obtaining materials from Ethiopian mustard with different profiles of the fatty acid composition of the seed adapted to the semi-arid conditions of Southern Spain and the obtaining of the first TILLING platform in zucchini fruit. Later, after the toxic waste spill of the Aznalcollar´ mine in 1999, she was part of the CSIC expert Group and a member of the Bioremediation Network for monitoring and recovering the ecosystem altered by metalloids. She has been a pioneer in genotoxicity and cytotoxicity studies in complex biological matrices (horticultural products) for quickly and economically determining its toxicity. Her research also focuses on the developments of chemometric and spectroscopic methods for determining quality components in horticultural products. Rafael Font Villa, Ph.D. in Biological Sciences (2003) has been working in Spain (IAS-CSIC, Cordoba)´ and has obtained a pre-doctoral mobility fellowship for short stays in different research centers in Reino Unido (SAK, Aberdeen), Italy (University of Genoa), and Belgium (Universite´ Libre de Bruxelles). He was a permanent researcher in the Department of Food Science and Health, IFAPA Center La Mojonera (Almer´ıa, Spain) from 2009 to 2018. He is currently a research scientist at the Agri-Food Laboratory of Cordoba´ (Spain). He has published over 70 peer-reviewed scientific papers and various book chapters in the Plant Breeding and Postharvest areas. For several years, Dr. Font has been studying the genetic control of quality components (glucosinolates, fiber, fatty acids) of the Brassica seed and how to increase the added value of the fruit of zucchini (Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo) through nutritional quality. After the toxic waste spill of the Aznalcollar´ mine in 1999, he was a pioneer in using chemometric and spectroscopic methods for determining metalloids in different matrices (soil, plant, animals) and quality components in horticultural products. He has worked in genotoxicity and cytotoxicity studies in complex biological matrices (horticultural products) for quickly and economically determining its toxicity. His research also focuses on postharvest technologies such as controlled ripening, edible coating, temperature management, and chemical treatment methods that are potential tools to reduce fruit and vegetable postharvest losses. vii foods Editorial The Health Benefits of Fruits and Vegetables Mercedes del Río-Celestino *and Rafael Font Agri-Food Laboratory, Council of Agriculture, Fisheries and Rural Development of Andalusia (CAPDER), 14004 Córdoba, Spain; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected];
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