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Nature 166(4219): 423 (1950). "PROF. L. Breitfuss." Nature 166(4219): 423. (1968). "New species in the tropics." Nature 220(5167): 536. (1968). "Weeds. Talking about control." Nature 220(5172): 1074-5. (1970). "Polar research: prescription for a program." Nature 226(5241): 106. (1970). "Locusts in retreat." Nature 227(5256): 340. (1970). "Energetics in the tropics." Nature 228(5266): 17. (1970). "NSF declared sole heir." Nature 228(5269): 308-9. (1984). "Nuclear winter: ICSU project hunts for data." Nature 309(5969): 577. (2000). "Think globally, act cautiously." Nature 403(6770): 579. (2000). "Critical politics of carbon sinks." Nature 408(6812): 501. (2000). "Bush's science flashpoints." Nature 408(6815): 885. (2001). "Shooting the messenger." Nature 412(6843): 103. (2001). "Shooting the messenger." Nature 412(6843): 103. (2002). "A climate for change." Nature 416(6881): 567. (2002). "Maintaining the climate consensus." Nature 416(6883): 771. (2002). "Leadership at Johannesburg." 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"The methane mystery." Nature 442(7104): 730-1. (2006). "One-to-one coupling of glacial climate variability in Greenland and Antarctica." Nature 444(7116): 195-8. Precise knowledge of the phase relationship between climate changes in the two hemispheres is a key for understanding the Earth's climate dynamics. For the last glacial period, ice core studies have revealed strong coupling of the largest millennial-scale warm events in Antarctica with the longest Dansgaard-Oeschger events in Greenland through the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation. It has been unclear, however, whether the shorter Dansgaard-Oeschger events have counterparts in the shorter and less prominent Antarctic temperature variations, and whether these events are linked by the same mechanism. Here we present a glacial climate record derived from an ice core from Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, which represents South Atlantic climate at a resolution comparable with the Greenland ice core records. After methane synchronization with an ice core from North Greenland, the oxygen isotope record from the Dronning Maud Land ice core shows a one-to-one coupling between all Antarctic warm events and Greenland Dansgaard-Oeschger events by the bipolar seesaw6. The amplitude of the Antarctic warm events is found to be linearly dependent on the duration of the concurrent stadial in the North, suggesting that they all result from a similar reduction in the meridional overturning circulation. Abramsky, Z. and M. L. Rosenzweig (1984). "Tilman's predicted productivity-diversity relationship shown by desert rodents." Nature 309(5964): 150-1. Tilman has developed a model to predict the number of plant species that can coexist competitively on a limited resource base. Species diversity first increases over low resource supplies, then declines as the environment becomes richer. Although Tilman 's model was developed to describe interspecific interactions between plant species, it may also apply to animal species. Tilman questions whether animals specialize on particular proportions of nutrients. However, we believe animals probably specialize on relatively subtle microhabitat differences, especially in a multispecies competitive regime. Thus, microhabitats may act like nutrients. We hypothesize that animal species, too, show a peaked curve of diversity over productivity. The present data provide a confirmation of the hypothesis using rodent species. We have investigated the number of rodent species along a geographical gradient of increasing rainfall. The gradient extends from extremely poor desert habitats to those with annual rainfall over 300 mm. Because of the aridity , precipitation reflects productivity. The diversity pattern in desert rodents agrees with that predicted by Tilman for plants. It even possesses similar asymmetry, rising steeply then falling slowly. The pattern is duplicated in rocky and sandy habitats, each of which has a distinct and almost nonoverlapping assemblage of species. As mean precipitation is closely correlated with the variability of precipitation, the diversity pattern might also be caused by a decline in the frequency of disturbances, models for which have been proposed by several investigators. Ackerman, A. S., M. P. Kirkpatrick, et al. (2004). "The impact of humidity above stratiform clouds on indirect aerosol climate forcing." Nature 432(7020): 1014-7. Some of the global warming from anthropogenic greenhouse gases is offset by increased reflection of solar radiation by clouds with smaller droplets that form in air polluted with aerosol particles that serve as cloud condensation nuclei. The resulting cooling tendency, termed the indirect aerosol forcing, is thought to be comparable in magnitude to the forcing by anthropogenic CO2, but it is difficult to estimate because the physical processes that determine global aerosol and cloud populations are poorly understood. Smaller cloud droplets not only reflect sunlight more effectively, but also inhibit precipitation, which is expected to result in increased cloud water. Such an increase in cloud water would result in even more reflective clouds, further increasing the indirect forcing. Marine boundary- layer clouds polluted by aerosol particles, however, are not generally observed to hold more water. Here we simulate stratocumulus clouds with a fluid dynamics model that includes detailed treatments of cloud microphysics and radiative transfer. Our simulations show that the response of cloud water to suppression of precipitation from increased droplet concentrations is determined by a competition between moistening from decreased surface precipitation and drying from increased entrainment of overlying air. Only when the overlying air is humid or droplet concentrations are very low does sufficient precipitation reach the surface to allow cloud water to increase with droplet concentrations. Otherwise, the response of cloud water to aerosol-induced suppression of precipitation is dominated by enhanced entrainment of overlying dry air. In this scenario, cloud water is reduced as droplet concentrations increase, which diminishes the indirect climate forcing. Adam, D. (2001). "Plan for medical research base secures future of UK lab." Nature 410(6825): 136. Adam, D. (2001). "Royal Society disputes value of carbon sinks." Nature 412(6843): 108. Adam, D. (2001). "Green-fingered gang could hold climate key." Nature 412(6850): 847. 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Ocean mixing, which affects pollutant dispersal, marine productivity and global climate, largely results from the breaking of internal gravity waves--disturbances propagating along the ocean's internal stratification.
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