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(2007) a Photographic Field Guide to the Reptiles and Amphibians Of
A Photographic Field Guide to the Reptiles and Amphibians of Dominica, West Indies Kristen Alexander Texas A&M University Dominica Study Abroad 2007 Dr. James Woolley Dr. Robert Wharton Abstract: A photographic reference is provided to the 21 reptiles and 4 amphibians reported from the island of Dominica. Descriptions and distribution data are provided for each species observed during this study. For those species that were not captured, a brief description compiled from various sources is included. Introduction: The island of Dominica is located in the Lesser Antilles and is one of the largest Eastern Caribbean islands at 45 km long and 16 km at its widest point (Malhotra and Thorpe, 1999). It is very mountainous which results in extremely varied distribution of habitats on the island ranging from elfin forest in the highest elevations, to rainforest in the mountains, to dry forest near the coast. The greatest density of reptiles is known to occur in these dry coastal areas (Evans and James, 1997). Dominica is home to 4 amphibian species and 21 (previously 20) reptile species. Five of these are endemic to the Lesser Antilles and 4 are endemic to the island of Dominica itself (Evans and James, 1997). The addition of Anolis cristatellus to species lists of Dominica has made many guides and species lists outdated. Evans and James (1997) provides a brief description of many of the species and their habitats, but this booklet is inadequate for easy, accurate identification. Previous student projects have documented the reptiles and amphibians of Dominica (Quick, 2001), but there is no good source for students to refer to for identification of these species. -
REPTILIA: SQUAMATA: TEIIDAE AMEIVA CORVINA Ameiva Corvina
REPTILIA: SQUAMATA: TEIIDAE AMEIVACORVINA Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles. Shew, J.J., E.J. Censky, and R. Powell. 2002. Ameiva corvina. Ameiva corvina Cope Sombrero Island Ameiva Ameiva corvina Cope 186 1:3 12. Type locality, "island of Som- brero." Lectotype (designated by Censky and Paulson 1992), Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia (ANSP) 9 116, an adult male, collected by J.B. Hansen, date of collection not known (examined by EJC). See Remarks. CONTENT. No subspecies are recognized. DEFINITION. Ameiva corvina is a moderately sized mem- ber of the genus Ameiva (maximum SVL of males = 133 rnm, of females = 87 mm;Censky and Paulson 1992). Granular scales around the body number 139-156 (r = 147.7 f 2.4, N = 16), ventral scales 32-37 (7 = 34.1 + 0.3, N = 16), fourth toe subdigital lamellae 34-41 (F = 38.1 + 0.5, N = IS), fifteenth caudal verticil 29-38 (r = 33.3 0.6, N = 17), and femoral I I I + MAP. The arrow indicates Sombrero Island, the type locality and en- pores (both legs) 5M3(r = 57.3 0.8, N = 16)(Censky and + tire range of An~eivacorvina. Paulson 1992). See Remarks. Dorsal and lateral coloration is very dark brown to slate black and usually patternless (one individual, MCZ 6141, has a trace of a pattern with faded spots on the posterior third of the dor- sum and some balck blotches on the side of the neck). Brown color often is more distinct on the heads of males. The venter is very dark blue-gray. -
Predation on Ameiva Ameiva (Squamata: Teiidae) by Ardea Alba (Pelecaniformes: Ardeidae) in the Southwestern Brazilian Amazon
Herpetology Notes, volume 14: 1073-1075 (2021) (published online on 10 August 2021) Predation on Ameiva ameiva (Squamata: Teiidae) by Ardea alba (Pelecaniformes: Ardeidae) in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon Raul A. Pommer-Barbosa1,*, Alisson M. Albino2, Jessica F.T. Reis3, and Saara N. Fialho4 Lizards and frogs are eaten by a wide range of wetlands, being found mainly in lakes, wetlands, predators and are a food source for many bird species flooded areas, rivers, dams, mangroves, swamps, in neotropical forests (Poulin et al., 2001). However, and the shallow waters of salt lakes. It is a species predation events are poorly observed in nature and of diurnal feeding habits, but its activity peak occurs hardly documented (e.g., Malkmus, 2000; Aguiar and either at dawn or dusk. This characteristic changes Di-Bernardo, 2004; Silva et al., 2021). Such records in coastal environments, where its feeding habit is are certainly very rare for the teiid lizard Ameiva linked to the tides (McCrimmon et al., 2020). Its diet ameiva (Linnaeus, 1758) (Maffei et al., 2007). is varied and may include amphibians, snakes, insects, Found in most parts of Brazil, A. ameiva is commonly fish, aquatic larvae, mollusks, small crustaceans, small known as Amazon Racerunner or Giant Ameiva, and birds, small mammals, and lizards (Martínez-Vilalta, it has one of the widest geographical distributions 1992; Miranda and Collazo, 1997; Figueroa and among neotropical lizards. It occurs in open areas all Corales Stappung, 2003; Kushlan and Hancock 2005). over South America, the Galapagos Islands (Vanzolini We here report a predation event on the Ameiva ameiva et al., 1980), Panama, and several Caribbean islands by Ardea alba in the southwestern Brazilian Amazon. -
Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals of Pakin Atoll, Eastern Caroline Islands
Micronesica 29(1): 37-48 , 1996 Reptiles, Birds, and Mammals of Pakin Atoll, Eastern Caroline Islands DONALD W. BUDEN Division Mathematics of and Science, College of Micronesia, P. 0 . Box 159 Kolonia, Polmpei, Federated States of Micronesia 96941. Abstract-Fifteen species of reptiles, 18 birds, and five mammals are recorded from Pakin Atoll. None is endemic to Pakin and all of the residents tend to be widely distributed throughout Micronesia. Intro duced species include four mammals (Rattus exulans, Canis fami/iaris, Fe/is catus, Sus scrofa), the Red Junglefowl (Gallus gal/us) among birds, and at least one lizard (Varanus indicus). Of the 17 indigenous birds, ten are presumed or documented breeding residents, including four land birds, a heron, and five terns. The Micronesian Honeyeater (My=omela rubratra) is the most common land bird, followed closely by the Micro nesian Starling (Aplonis opaca). The vegetation is mainly Cocos forest, considerably modified by periodic cutting of the undergrowth, deliber ately set fires, and the rooting of pigs. Most of the present vertebrate species do not appear to be seriously endangered by present levels of human activity. But the Micronesian Pigeon (Ducula oceanica) is less numerous on the settled islands, probably reflecting increased hunting pressure, and sea turtles (especially Chelonia mydas) and their eggs are harvested indiscriminately . Introduction Terrestrial vertebrates have been poorly studied on many of the remote atolls of Micronesia, and distributional records are lacking or scanty for many islands. The present study documents the occurrence and relative abundance of reptiles, birds, and mammals on Pakin Atoll for the first time. -
Movement and Habitat Use by Adult and Juvenile Toad-Headed Agama Lizards (Phrynocephalus Versicolor Strauch, 1876) in the Eastern Gobi Desert, Mongolia
Herpetology Notes, volume 12: 717-719 (2019) (published online on 07 July 2019) Movement and habitat use by adult and juvenile Toad-headed Agama lizards (Phrynocephalus versicolor Strauch, 1876) in the eastern Gobi Desert, Mongolia Douglas Eifler1,* and Maria Eifler1,2 Introduction From 0700–1900 h we walked slowly throughout the study area in search of Toad-headed Agama lizards Phrynocephalus versicolor Strauch, 1876 is a (Phrynocephalus versicolor). When a lizard was small lizard (Agamidae) found in desert and semi- sighted, we captured the animal by hand or noose. desert regions of China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan and We then measured the lizard (snout-to-vent length Kyrgyzstan (Zhao, 1999). The species inhabits areas of (SVL; mm) and mass (g) and sexed adults by probing. sparse vegetation and can be relatively common, with Juveniles were too small to sex. Using non-toxic paint reported densities of up to 400 per hectare (Zhao, 1999). pens, we marked each lizard with a unique colour code In spite of its wide distribution and local abundance, for later identification and to avoid recapture or repeat relatively little detailed ecological information is observations. available, particularly in the northern areas of its range. All focal observations occurred on one day (26 We report our ecological observations on a population August). When an animal was sighted, we positioned of P. versicolor in the Gobi Desert of Mongolia with ourselves 3–5 m from the lizard, waited 5 min for regard to their movement and habitat use. the lizard to acclimate to our presence, and then we began a 10-min observation period. -
The Evolution of the Placenta Drives a Shift in Sexual Selection in Livebearing Fish
LETTER doi:10.1038/nature13451 The evolution of the placenta drives a shift in sexual selection in livebearing fish B. J. A. Pollux1,2, R. W. Meredith1,3, M. S. Springer1, T. Garland1 & D. N. Reznick1 The evolution of the placenta from a non-placental ancestor causes a species produce large, ‘costly’ (that is, fully provisioned) eggs5,6, gaining shift of maternal investment from pre- to post-fertilization, creating most reproductive benefits by carefully selecting suitable mates based a venue for parent–offspring conflicts during pregnancy1–4. Theory on phenotype or behaviour2. These females, however, run the risk of mat- predicts that the rise of these conflicts should drive a shift from a ing with genetically inferior (for example, closely related or dishonestly reliance on pre-copulatory female mate choice to polyandry in conjunc- signalling) males, because genetically incompatible males are generally tion with post-zygotic mechanisms of sexual selection2. This hypoth- not discernable at the phenotypic level10. Placental females may reduce esis has not yet been empirically tested. Here we apply comparative these risks by producing tiny, inexpensive eggs and creating large mixed- methods to test a key prediction of this hypothesis, which is that the paternity litters by mating with multiple males. They may then rely on evolution of placentation is associated with reduced pre-copulatory the expression of the paternal genomes to induce differential patterns of female mate choice. We exploit a unique quality of the livebearing fish post-zygotic maternal investment among the embryos and, in extreme family Poeciliidae: placentas have repeatedly evolved or been lost, cases, divert resources from genetically defective (incompatible) to viable creating diversity among closely related lineages in the presence or embryos1–4,6,11. -
Lentiviral Transgenesis of the Leopard Gecko, Eublepharis Macularius
Vol. 8(10), pp. 1070-1079, 5 March, 2014 DOI: 10.5897/AJMR2013.6532 ISSN 1996-0808 ©2014 Academic Journals African Journal of Microbiology Research http://www.academicjournals.org/AJMR Full Length Research Paper Lentiviral transgenesis of the leopard gecko, Eublepharis macularius Kaitlyn Hull1, Dee Hodgson1, Bob Clark2, Timothy W. Hickok2, James N. Petitte1 and Paul E. Mozdziak1,3 1Department of Poultry Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh NC, 27695, United States. 2Nucleic Sciences LLC. 6701 W. 121st Suite 200, Overland Park KS 66209, United States. Accepted 13 January, 2014 Lentiviral vectors are an effective method of introducing transgenes into the genome of early stage embryos because they transduce both dividing and non-dividing cells. Lentiviral pseudoparticles containing the coding sequence for the fluorescent protein DsRed were injected into freshly laid leopard gecko eggs. Tissue samples were collected from hatchlings, and the samples were tested for the presence of the transgene. Of the injected gecko population, greater than 89% of efficiency of transgenesis was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Histological evaluations revealed the presence of DsRed 2 in injected gecko organs; with protein production concentrated in the muscle, kidney, and heart. Therefore, lentiviral vectors appear to be viable technology to create transgenic geckos. Key words: DsRed, Eublepharis macularius, Feline Immunodeficienty Virus (FIV), lentiviral transgenesis, reptiles. INTRODUCTION Lentiviruses are used in biotechnology to integrate and pancreas (Wang et al., 1999; Loewen et al., 2001; foreign DNA into a host genome, facilitating foreign gene Curran and Nolan, 2002; Curran et al., 2002; Derksen et expression (Pfeifer, 2004). Lentiviruses belong to the al., 2002; Price et al., 2002; Stein and Davidson 2002). -
Borneo: Broadbills & Bristleheads
TROPICAL BIRDING Trip Report: BORNEO June-July 2012 A Tropical Birding Set Departure Tour BORNEO: BROADBILLS & BRISTLEHEADS RHINOCEROS HORNBILL: The big winner of the BIRD OF THE TRIP; with views like this, it’s easy to understand why! 24 June – 9 July 2012 Tour Leader: Sam Woods All but one photo (of the Black-and-yellow Broadbill) were taken by Sam Woods (see http://www.pbase.com/samwoods or his blog, LOST in BIRDING http://www.samwoodsbirding.blogspot.com for more of Sam’s photos) 1 www.tropicalbirding.com Tel: +1-409-515-0514 E-mail: [email protected] TROPICAL BIRDING Trip Report: BORNEO June-July 2012 INTRODUCTION Whichever way you look at it, this year’s tour of Borneo was a resounding success: 297 bird species were recorded, including 45 endemics . We saw all but a few of the endemic birds we were seeking (and the ones missed are mostly rarely seen), and had good weather throughout, with little rain hampering proceedings for any significant length of time. Among the avian highlights were five pitta species seen, with the Blue-banded, Blue-headed, and Black-and-crimson Pittas in particular putting on fantastic shows for all birders present. The Blue-banded was so spectacular it was an obvious shoe-in for one of the top trip birds of the tour from the moment we walked away. Amazingly, despite absolutely stunning views of a male Blue-headed Pitta showing his shimmering cerulean blue cap and deep purple underside to spectacular effect, he never even got a mention in the final highlights of the tour, which completely baffled me; he simply could not have been seen better, and birds simply cannot look any better! However, to mention only the endemics is to miss the mark, as some of the, other, less local birds create as much of a stir, and can bring with them as much fanfare. -
Island Biology Island Biology
IIssllaanndd bbiioollooggyy Allan Sørensen Allan Timmermann, Ana Maria Martín González Camilla Hansen Camille Kruch Dorte Jensen Eva Grøndahl, Franziska Petra Popko, Grete Fogtmann Jensen, Gudny Asgeirsdottir, Hubertus Heinicke, Jan Nikkelborg, Janne Thirstrup, Karin T. Clausen, Karina Mikkelsen, Katrine Meisner, Kent Olsen, Kristina Boros, Linn Kathrin Øverland, Lucía de la Guardia, Marie S. Hoelgaard, Melissa Wetter Mikkel Sørensen, Morten Ravn Knudsen, Pedro Finamore, Petr Klimes, Rasmus Højer Jensen, Tenna Boye Tine Biedenweg AARHUS UNIVERSITY 2005/ESSAYS IN EVOLUTIONARY ECOLOGY Teachers: Bodil K. Ehlers, Tanja Ingversen, Dave Parker, MIchael Warrer Larsen, Yoko L. Dupont & Jens M. Olesen 1 C o n t e n t s Atlantic Ocean Islands Faroe Islands Kent Olsen 4 Shetland Islands Janne Thirstrup 10 Svalbard Linn Kathrin Øverland 14 Greenland Eva Grøndahl 18 Azores Tenna Boye 22 St. Helena Pedro Finamore 25 Falkland Islands Kristina Boros 29 Cape Verde Islands Allan Sørensen 32 Tristan da Cunha Rasmus Højer Jensen 36 Mediterranean Islands Corsica Camille Kruch 39 Cyprus Tine Biedenweg 42 Indian Ocean Islands Socotra Mikkel Sørensen 47 Zanzibar Karina Mikkelsen 50 Maldives Allan Timmermann 54 Krakatau Camilla Hansen 57 Bali and Lombok Grete Fogtmann Jensen 61 Pacific Islands New Guinea Lucía de la Guardia 66 2 Solomon Islands Karin T. Clausen 70 New Caledonia Franziska Petra Popko 74 Samoa Morten Ravn Knudsen 77 Tasmania Jan Nikkelborg 81 Fiji Melissa Wetter 84 New Zealand Marie S. Hoelgaard 87 Pitcairn Katrine Meisner 91 Juan Fernandéz Islands Gudny Asgeirsdottir 95 Hawaiian Islands Petr Klimes 97 Galápagos Islands Dorthe Jensen 102 Caribbean Islands Cuba Hubertus Heinicke 107 Dominica Ana Maria Martin Gonzalez 110 Essay localities 3 The Faroe Islands Kent Olsen Introduction The Faroe Islands is a treeless archipelago situated in the heart of the warm North Atlantic Current on the Wyville Thompson Ridge between 61°20’ and 62°24’ N and between 6°15’ and 7°41’ W. -
Multi-National Conservation of Alligator Lizards
MULTI-NATIONAL CONSERVATION OF ALLIGATOR LIZARDS: APPLIED SOCIOECOLOGICAL LESSONS FROM A FLAGSHIP GROUP by ADAM G. CLAUSE (Under the Direction of John Maerz) ABSTRACT The Anthropocene is defined by unprecedented human influence on the biosphere. Integrative conservation recognizes this inextricable coupling of human and natural systems, and mobilizes multiple epistemologies to seek equitable, enduring solutions to complex socioecological issues. Although a central motivation of global conservation practice is to protect at-risk species, such organisms may be the subject of competing social perspectives that can impede robust interventions. Furthermore, imperiled species are often chronically understudied, which prevents the immediate application of data-driven quantitative modeling approaches in conservation decision making. Instead, real-world management goals are regularly prioritized on the basis of expert opinion. Here, I explore how an organismal natural history perspective, when grounded in a critique of established human judgements, can help resolve socioecological conflicts and contextualize perceived threats related to threatened species conservation and policy development. To achieve this, I leverage a multi-national system anchored by a diverse, enigmatic, and often endangered New World clade: alligator lizards. Using a threat analysis and status assessment, I show that one recent petition to list a California alligator lizard, Elgaria panamintina, under the US Endangered Species Act often contradicts the best available science. -
Mis Caratulas 1 CORRECCION ADELITA
Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala Centro de Estudios del Mar y Acuicultura TRABAJO DE GRADUACIÓN Peces de aguas continentales presentes en las colecciones de referencia de Guatemala Presentado por T.A. ADA PATRICIA ESTRADA ALDANA Para otorgarle el título de: LICENCIADA EN ACUICULTURA Guatemala, septiembre de 2012 UNIVERSIDAD DE SAN CARLOS DE GUATEMALA CENTRO DE ESTUDIOS DEL MAR Y ACUICULTURA CONSEJO DIRECTIVO Presidente M.Sc. Erick Roderico Villagrán Colón Coordinadora Académica M.Sc. Norma Edith Gil Rodas de Castillo Representante Docente Ing. Agr. Gustavo Adolfo Elías Ogaldez Representante Docente M.BA. Allan Franco De León Representante Estudiantil T.A. Dieter Walther Marroquín Wellmann Representante Estudiantil T.A. José Andrés Ponce Hernández AGRADECIMIENTOS A la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala y al Centro de Estudios del Mar y Acuicultura por prepararme académicamente. Al Centro de Datos para la Conservación del Centro de Estudios Conservacionistas, por su colaboración y apoyo. Al Museo de Historia Natural de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala por el apoyo y confianza que me brindaron. Al programa EPSUM de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala. A todas aquellas personas que contribuyeron a mi formación. DEDICATORIA A Dios por protegerme, darme la vida y ser fuente de sabiduría. A mis padres Marco Tulio Estrada Figueroa y Silvia Margarita Aldana y Aldana, quienes con mucho amor, esfuerzo y sacrificio me llevaron hasta la meta que hoy alcanzo. Este triunfo es para ustedes. A mi abuelita Rosa Isabel Aldana (Q.E.P.D.) y a mi tía Ada Luz Aldana por el cariño, buen ejemplo, consejos y apoyo que siempre me brindaron. -
Leopard Geckos & African Fat-Tails Geckos
A Compassionate Commitment to Quality Pet Care! LEOPARD GECKOS & AFRICAN FAT-TAILS GECKOS SPECIES NAMES Leopard geckos (Eublepharis maclarius), African fat-tailed geckos (Hemitheconyx caudicinctus). Both are members of the Eublepharidae family, which includes all species of geckos with moveable eyelids. CAGING/HOUSING For a single gecko, a 10-gallon glass aquarium with a securely fastened wire mesh top is appropriate. For two or more geckos a 20- gallon or larger aquarium is necessary. For substrate use paper towels, newspaper, or artificial turf, washed orchard bark, or aquarium gravel. The use of sand or calcium-fortified sand (such as ReptiSand™ or Calci-Sand™) is not recommended for geckos less than 6 inches in length, due to the risk of ingestion and subsequent impaction in the gastrointestinal tract. A hide-box, or shelter, should be provided to allow the gecko a quiet retreat. LIGHTING/HEATING In order to properly thermo-regulate, leopard geckos need a temperature gradient that allows them to move from a cooler end of the tank to a warmer end. This temperature gradient should range between 70°F at the cool end at 85°F at the high end. African fat-tailed geckos require slightly higher temperatures ranging from between 80°F and 92°F. Since these geckos are nocturnal, UV lighting is not necessary. HUMIDITY A moderate level of humidity is required for these geckos, which can be provided by misting and providing a large water bowl for the animal to soak in. Low humidity levels can lead to problems with shedding. FEEDING Food items, as a general rule, should be no longer than the length, and less than half the width of the geckos head.