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AUS1RALIAN 60 BIRD WATCHER AUSTRALIAN BIRD WATCHER 2001, 19, 6~8 Supplementary Records of the Food of Some Terrestrial Non-passerines in New South Wales by A.B. ROSE, Associate, The Australian Museum, 6 College Street, Sydney, N.S.W. 2010 (present address: 61 Boundary Street, Forster, N.S.W. 2428) The following dietary records supplement those of Marchant & Higgins (1990, 1993) and Higgins & Davies (1996) for the respective species. They have been derived from observations and from examination of stomach contents, droppings and pellets. Food items were identified, microscopically if necessary, by comparison with reference material (CSIRO 1970, Beadle et al. 1972, Cogger 1975). Emu Dromaius novaeholkmdiae Droppings, Round Hill Nature Reserve (33°04'S, 146°12'E): 1. August 1976 (6 specimens): (a)-(b) grass. (c) charcoal; and remains of a cockroach Macropanesthia. (d) as for (c) plus young shoots of grass (possibly wheat). (e) plant matter including Bossiaea. (f) grass; burrs similar to Xanthium (Asteraceae); and Geebung Persoonia fruit. 2. May 1981 (2 specimens) (a) charcoal and herbage. (b) charcoal; and seeds and several seed-heads of Asteraceae. Australian Brush-turkey Alectura lathami Observations: 1. Gloucester (31 o58'S, 151 o59'E), May 1955: One bird ate the poisonous roots of Cunjevoi or Spoon Lily Alocasia macrorrhizos. 2. Dorrigo (30°21'S, 152°43'E), April 1975 (N. Fenton): 60 birds that were feeding on a Potato Solanum tuberosum crop were caught in cage traps, banded and released in the Glade, Dorrigo. They were not seen again. 3. Dorrigo, 10 December 1975: One bird ate apple Malus silvestris and orange Citrus sinensis peel. Stomach: Gloucester, 8 May 1954: insects; two snails (Gastropoda); hard Gahnia seeds; and seeds of Native Grape Cissus and Flame 'free Brachychiton acerifolium. Stubble Quail Coturnix pectoralis Stomachs: 1. Gloucester, 20 May 1972: seeds of two different species (Brassicaceae and Amaranthaceae). 2. Willandra National Park (33°13'S, 145°05'E), 1976 (R. Moffatt): Sow Thistle Sonchus oleraceus seed-head; and one grasshopper (Orthoptera). VOL. 19 (2) JUNE2001 Food of Terrestrial Non-passerines, N.S.W. 61 Australian Brush-turkey, Natural Arch, Queensland, May 1983 Plate 18 Photo: J.A. Rose Brown Quail Coturnix ypsilophora Observation: Gloucester, 1958: One bird jumped up to catch sub-adult Yellow-winged Locusts Gastrimargus musicus. Stomachs: 1. Royal National Park (34°06'S, 151°04'E), 25 April 1971 (K. Margus): seeds of two species; and aphis ( Aphidae ). 2. Gunderman, on Hawkesbury River (33°26'S, 151°05'E), 21 October 1973 (K. Blade): seeds including Chickweed Stellaria media; and one beetle ( Coccinellidae ). 3. Bellingen (30°27'S, 152°55'E), 5 March 1974 (1. Archibald): one millipede (Diplopoda ); one grasshopper nymph (Tettigoniidae ); and seeds (some green). Whistling Kite Haliastur sphenurus Observations: 1. Often seen on road-kills and beach-cast fish at Forster. 2. Gloucester, 7 August 1962: One bird carried a dead Red-bellied Black Snake Pseudechis porphyriacus. White-bellied Sea-Eagle Haliaeetus leucogaster Observations: 1. Gloucester: (a) (L. Hyem, no date recorded): One bird caught and ate a Little Black AUSTRALIAN 62 ROSE BIRD WATCHER Cormorant Phalacrocorax sulcirostris that was feeding in a creek. (b) 30 May 1979: One bird was seen carrying a Long-necked Tortoise Chelodina longicollis. (c) 18 September 1981: One bird caught a Long-necked Tortoise in the river. 2. Pelican Island, Forster (32°15'S, 152°30'E): (a) 23 February 1989: An immature bird fed on a dead downy young Australian Pelican Pelecanus conspicil/atus. (b) 30 October 1990: One bird fed on an adult Pelican. 3. Forster (32°1l'S, 152°31'E), 24 October 1989: One bird carried an eel (order Anguilliformes ). Swamp Harrier Circus approximans Stomach: Gloucester, 10 May 1981: Eastern Water Dragon Physignathus lesueurii; also grasshoppers and seeds, which could have been the stomach contents of the Dragon. Brown Goshawk Accipiter fasciatus Observations: 1. Wahroonga (33°43'S, 151 °08'E), 1972 (M. Lovell): One bird struck down a Red Wattlebird Anthochaera carunculata. 2. Boomanoomana State Forest (33°57'S, 145°55'E), 14 August 1979: One bird took a young Dusky Moorhen Gallinula tenebrosa. Stomachs: 1. Armidale (30030'S, 151 °38'E), 30 October 1975 (N. Fenton): three skinks Lampropholis delicata (one was gravid); one moth (Lepidoptera); and two dragonflies (Odonata). 2. Mt Colah (33°40'S, 151°07'E), 27 April1978 (A. Linklater) (This sub-adult bird was said to have killed seven tame Rock Doves Columbia Iivia ): seven Black Crickets Teleogryl/us commodus and one grasshopper (Acrididae ), but no feathers. Two pellets, below a nest at Woody Bluff (29°30'S, 153°21'E), 26 December 1995 (R. Moffatt): 1. Feathers and bones of one Eastern Yellow Robin Eopsaltria australis. 2. Feathers and bones of one Striated Pardalote Pardalotus striatus. Collared Sparrowhawk Accipiter cirrhocephalus Observations: 1. Gloucester, 23 November 1962: One bird fed on an immature Eastern Rosella Platycercus eximius. 2. Forster, 7 August 1995: An adult female caught and carried off a Scaly-breasted Lorikeet Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus. VOL.19 (2) JUNE2001 Food of Terrestrial Non-passerines, N.S.W. 63 Stomach: Royal National Park, window-kill, 23 November 1981 (D. Turner): one House Sparrow Passer domesticus. Brown Falcon Falco berigora Observations: 1. Darrigo, 18 April 1975: One bird circled with a snake in its talons. 2 .. Top Camp, near Walcha (31 °21'S, 151 °45'E), 20 April1975: One bird carried a live snake to a stump, where it dropped the snake. The Falcon hopped down and around, looking for the snake but could not find it. I searched · unsuccessfully too. 3. Gloucester, 10 May 1980: One bird caught grasshoppers. Stomachs: 1. Kiandra (35°52'S, 148°30'E), 24 January 1983 (M. Collins): 24 scarab beetles Anoplognathus; and one grasshopper (Acrididae). 2. Booti Booti National Park (32°18'S, 152°36'E), 25 July 1985: rat Rattus fur and skink (Scincidae) scales. Australian Hobby Falco longipennis Observations: 1. Bobbin Head (33°39'S, 151°09'E), 12 December 1973: Hundreds of White throated Needletails Hirundapus caudacutus were wheeling high up when a Hobby swooped through them. The Hobby was mobbed and chased into cover in the tree-tops by all of them, although I could not see a Needletail in its talons. 2. 25 km west of Merriwa (32°08'S, 150°20'E), 19 November 1984: One bird caught a Welcome Swallow Hirundo neoxena in mid air, and was promptly mobbed by many Swallows that appeared from under a culvert. Peregrine Falcon Falco peregrinus Stomach: Black Head (32°05'S, 152°33'E), 21 October 1992: Remains of a Pacific Black Duck Anas superciliosa. Pellets: 1. Eagle Rock, above Hawkesbury River bridge (33°30'S, 151 °09'E), 4 November 1969 (C. Bennett): Pellets at eyrie contained bones and feathers of Rock Doves; Silver Gull Larus novaehollandiae; White-faced Storm-Petrel Pelagodroma marina; Galah Cacatua roseicapilla; Dollarbird Eurystomus orienta/is; and a yellow-winged honeyeater Phylidonyris. 2. Cocoparra National Park (34°07'S, 146°12'E) (3 collections of pellets at one eyrie: 1976, 1980, 1982): (a) 1976 (R. Moffatt), 13 pellets: most feathers in these were from Galah, Rock Dove, Stubble Quail, parrot and a corvid. Two pellets included beetles and three included Geebung seeds. One pellet consisted entirely AUSTRALIAN 64 ROSE BIRD WATCHER Juvenile male Peregrine Falcon, South Australia Plate 19 Photo: Jim Robinson of grasshopper ( Acrididae) remains. Pellet debris included a winged cockroach (Blattidae). (b) 1980 (J. Brickhill): feathers from Galah and a parrot; and some black and-white feathers. (c) 10 March 1982 (C. Ingram & I. Fry), 3 pellets, with feathers from: (i) Galah (ii) adult Common Starling Stumus vulgaris (iii) sub-adult Starling. 3. Mowrock, Binnaway (31 °32'S, 149°22'E), 2 April 1978 (A.K. Morris): Crimson Rosella Platycercus elegans feathers in one pellet below a roost 4. Weddin Mountains National Park (33°59'S, 148°00'E), 15 April 1978 (J. Brickhill): debris from eyrie included Lamb Ovis aries wool; Galah and Peregrine Falcon feathers; and beetles. 5. The Rock Nature Reserve (32°16'S, 147°05'E), 2 July 1978: Galah feathers. 6. Benambra State Forest (35°46'S, 147°07'E), October 1978 (B. Gall), 3 pellets with feathers: (i) Galah (ii) Starling (iii) Red-romped Parrot Psephotus haematonotus. 7. Lion Island (33°33'S, 151°29'E), January 1981: feathers from Rock Dove; and shearwater Puffinus. Nankeen Kestrel Fako cenchroides Observations: 1. Myall Lakes National Park (32°29'S, 152°22'E), 4 May 1984: When disturbed by a car, one bird left a Striped Skink Ctenotus robustus on a fence-post. VOL. 19 (2) JUNE2001 Food of Terrestrial Non-passerines, N.S.W 65 2. Forster, 31 July 1998: One bird perched on a television aerial in a bushy garden and dropped to pick up a skink Lampropholis. Kestrels are usually seen only in more open areas here. Stomachs: 1. Gloucester, 13 May 1974: seven grasshoppers (Acrididae); one Black Cricket; one praying mantis (Mantidae ); and skink scales. Crop was full with five grasshoppers of two species. · 2. Jindabyne (36°25'S, 148°35'E), 18 January 1975 (R. McKinney): one White's SkinkEgemia whitei; grasshopper (Acrididae) remains; beetles of four species, including Anoplognathus; one leafhopper (Homoptera); and one spider. A small skink was in the gullet. 3. Walcha (30°59'S, 151 °36'E), 16 September 1975: one scarab beetle; one caterpillar; grasshopper and spider remains. 4. Dorrigo, 1976 (N. Fenton): one House Mouse Mus musculus; one spider; beetle and grasshopper remains. 5. Gloucester, 3 September 1978: beetles. The specimens listed below were collected by AK. Morris during research on pesticides. Percentages are by volume. 1. Mudgee (32°37'S, 149°35'E), 28 March 1974 (2 stomachs): (a) 87% grasshoppers, 13% skink.