Syreford Mill: the Finds 327

Syreford Mill: The Finds 327 1.31 1.30 . ' ; ' ,, I I I If 11 lt 0 50mm 1.37 1.38 0- e 9• --~.. I ~ Fig 138 Brooches. Scale 1:1 triple moulded element, below a double one and, on each ent cross-flute with cross-cut borders under a narrower side, a wing with a vertical moulding and ending in a boss. section with three cross-mouldings. Under it only one The lower bow has two groups of three cross-mouldings cross-moulding survives. W L Cox Collection, no 30. and a plain bossed foot-knob. Andoversford Bypass, no 21, 31 Fig 138 Here the bow has a continuous taper to the AN-RN. separately made foot-knob with, between bordering ridges, 30 Fig 138 A fragment only, the upper bow has a promin- three ridges divided by narrow flues which are filled with 328 Excavations at Kingscote and Wycomb, Gloucestershire ==z ) I, ( ·- ,_,2 ~ 1 I 10 I I,, ~ 114 ( 1 ( @. ' 118 ) ( 1,7 =r ' \ ' ,_ \20 \ ' F--===? ~ ~~~· (~23 c ( 21 122 s ~-1 ~26 I 24 l-~25 J o··...• : . ·~32 29 0 100 mm Fig 139 Pottery. Scale 1:4 Syreford Mill: The Finds 329 what seems to be a non-metallic material which has silvered. For discussion, see after Brooch 155. Syreford Mill, beading along it. Syreford Mill, A2, topsoil, SF 61. For SF 65. discussion, see after Kingscote Brooch 141, p 140. 34 Fig 138 All that survives is the rounded top of a plate Strip which may have had ogival sides and which was recessed for enamel or millefiore. There is a loop above the pin. For 32 Fig 138 Iron. The axis bar for the hinged pin is housed discussion, see after Brooch 156. Syreford Mill, C2, SF 63, in the rolled-over head of the bow which is broad at the top top infill of Gully 3. and tapers to a pointed foot. There are traces of vertical mouldings on the bow above the catch-plate. Andoversford 35 Fig 138 As Kingscote Brooch 160. For discussion, see Bypass (Wycomb 69), Box 7, no 1, under Cl cobbling. after Kingscote Brooch 166. Syreford Mill, SF 62, surface find. Iron Strip brooches were probably once very common, but soil conditions and the practice in the past of ignoring Penannulars (For comments on manufacture, see Kingscote ironwork has led to a distorted picture. For instance, iron Brooch 178, p 00) Strip brooches can be divided into two main sub-groups, narrow bows with 'wings' and broad bows without. If the 36 Fig 138 As Kingscote Brooch 179. The brooch was distribution of both types is looked at, no narrow bows forged from rolled or folded sheet. For discussion, see after occur north of Wilts, but there are plenty of broad bows Kingscote Brooch 182. Syreford Mill, B4, scooped surface, from Glos, almost all from one site where the ironwork was SF60. collected for examination. Similar shifts of pattern can be 37 Fig 138 The ring has a rectangular section and is seen elsewhere, but they should largely be meaningless. continuously ribbed on top. Each terminal is probably However, the overall distribution of both sub-groups may turned back along the top of the ring and given a zoo reveal the core of the distribution in gross terms. If so, then morphic appearance by having a nick at the opening, a the lands of the Durotriges are the most favoured, but this cross-groove at each end and a shaped chamfer on each side is probably because the hinged pin, and the copper-alloy between suggesting a snout. The pin has a simple wrap Strip type, is most frequent there. Dating: Skeleton Green, round; the pin may only be bent rather than being Herts, c 10 BC-AD 20 (Mackreth 1981a, 135, fig 67.11) and incompetently arched. The brooch may have been forged. 30-40 (Mackreth 1981a, 141, fig 66.6); Maiden Castle, pre Andoversford Bypass (Wycomb 69), no 12, road trench, conquest (Wheeler 1943, 252, fig 85.35); King Harry Lane below first layer. cemetery, Phase 3, for date, see after Brooch 4 (Stead and Rigby 1989, 318, fig 120.179.2); Halstock, before 50 38 Fig 138 The section of the ring is more rounded and is (Mackreth 1993b, 79, fig 14.18); Gussage All Saints, mid-first continuously ribbe<f. Each terminal is turned back along the century (Wainwright 1979, 108, fig 82.1049); Stoke Abbott, ring and each is zoomorphic. In this case, the ears are raised 50-60 (Webster 1960, 97, fig 7.16); Longthorpe, Cambs, triangles next to the opening, there is a central cross Claudio-Neronian (Dannell and Wild 1987, 85, fig 21.1); moulding and the end is divided into three. The brooch was Puckeridge, Station Road, Claudian-c70 (Mackreth 1979, probably forged. For discussion, see after Kingscote Brooch 40, fig 6.13); Camerton, 60-90 (Wedlake 1958, 216, fig 50.4); 190. Andoversford Bypass (Wycomb 69), no 11, Road TR, Nettleton, 69-117, coin dating (Wedlake 1982, 120, fig 50.2); AN. Studland, Dors, late first century? (Field 1965, 149, fig 26,1). All later than 100 have been left out. Examples occur before the conquest and into the late first century. There are no POTTERY SUMMARY BY JANE R TIMBY means as yet of refining the dating any further, but there is an emphasis on the first century up to 70. In the present The small sample of available pottery was scanned to case, the head is rolled over, which may point to a post assess both its chronology and the range of forms and conquest date, but the terminal date should still be fabrics present. In total52.7kg of pottery was present, applicable. ranging in date from the first century BC through to Plate the sub-Roman period. Only 70% of the sherds could be identified to features or layers. The condition of Brooches 33-5 have their hinged pins mounted between the material was poor, the sherds being moderately pierced lugs. small and abraded, suggesting a long history of 33 Fig 138 The pelta-shaped plate has two crescent disturbance and redeposition. The general condition shaped cut-outs giving the impression of there being one of the sherds and the apparent mixing of the contexts within another. The best-preserved terminal has two bosses did not justify detailed recording. A small number of bifurcated by a groove. On the axes of the main curve is a representative or unusual pieces have been selected small projecting boss. In the main plate, in the spandrel for illustration (Fig 139). between the cut-outs, is a circular recess with two concen In terms of date the material showed two peaks, tric ridges in its base. The casting was faulty and one of the one in the later Iron Age/ early Roman period, the terminals was trimmed away. The brooch was tinned or other in the fourth century. Early second-century 330 Excavations at Kingscote and Wycomb, Gloucestershire wares were present, but very little material dating to 10 Handmade, large storage jar. Red-brown, limestone the mid-second to late third century was evident, tempered ware. AX1, Pit 3. suggesting that there could have been a temporary 11 As 10. A2 above pit. abandonment of the area during this period. Hand made organic-tempered sherds of sub-Roman or later 12 Handmade jar. Limestone-tempered. AX1, Pit 3. date were recovered from the topsoil horizons. 13 Beaded-rim jar. Grey, sandy ware. AX1, Pit 3. The earlier material comprised handmade, limestone-tempered jars and, to a lesser extent, fossil 14 Handmade jar with a grooved rim. Limestone shell, angular flint, calcite and grog-tempered jars, tempered. A1, Pit 1. including a vessel with a protruding pedestalled foot. 15 Handmade flint-tempered sherd from a closed form. The former are well known from the Glos/Cotswold Lightly incised decoration possibly pendant triangles. A1, area in the later years of the first century BC, lasting in Pit 1. many cases, well into the early Roman period. Flint tempered wares are less common in Glos and are 16 Wheelmade necked, cordoned jar. Hard, black sandy better documented from sites on the Thames Valley ware. A1, level 2. gravels to the north-east. An unusual find was an 17 Wheelmade everted-rim jar. Black sandy ware. A1, imported Gallo-Belgic girth beaker in terra rubra, the level2. earlier pink version, from Gully 2. This is likely to be a pre- or early conquest import. 18 Everted-rim jar, early Severn Valley ware variant. A1, Other early wares dating to the later first century level2. and early second century include Severn Valley wares, 19 Imported terra rubra 2 girth beaker, pink variety. A4, Wiltshire Savernake ware, black-burnished wheel gully. made wares, fine grey and oxidised sandy wares with barbotine decoration, probably early products of the 20 Handmade rounded bowl. Black, limestone-tempered. Oxfordshire industries and greyware jars/beakers A2, gully. with rusticated decoration. Other imports are limited 21 Savernake storage jar with burnished-line lattice. Gully to samian (including Dragendorff forms 37, 45, 27), 84/5. and Dressel 20 olive oil amphorae. Later wares are represented by products of the 22 Wheelmade necked bowl. Black sandy ware. 85, Oxfordshire industries current from c AD 240 on gully 2. wards, Dorset black-burnished ware, Midlands grog 23 Bodysherd with curvilinear combed decoration. tempered ware, Nene Valley and New Forest colour Malvernian limestone-tempered. Unstratified. coated ware and, in the later fourth century Midlands shelly ware. 24 Wheelmade beaker in a fine grey, slightly micaceous, sandy ware with a triple cordon on the shoulder.

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