四大寇 the Four Desperados

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認識孫中山 | 第二部分 | PART 2 | 15 II GETTING TO KNOW DR SUN YAT-SEN | 四大寇 THE FOUR DESPERADOS 尢列 Yau Lit 楊鶴齡 Yeung Hok-ling 陳少白 Chan Siu- pak 你知道他們為甚麼被稱為「四大寇」呢 ? Do you know why they were named the Four Desperados? 因為楊鶴齡、陳少白、尢列和孫中山四人常常聚在一起談論反清的事，所以被稱為「四大寇」。 Yeung Hok-ling, Chan Siu-pak, Yau Lit and Dr Sun Yat-sen often got together to discuss overthrowing the Qing dynasty, and were therefore called the “Four Desperados”. 第二部分 | PART 2 | 16 II 補充資料 SUPPlEmEnTARy inFORmATiOn 「四大寇」的稱號由來是於一八八八年十月十日，尢列到香港找楊鶴齡、陳少白和孫中山商量清政府可能要升調他往越南任中法定界委員會一事。經商議後，尢列決定放棄個人升官，以反清為己任，提議聯合宣誓，以表決心。尢列負責起稿，陳少白用黃紙書正之後，一齊穿上中式禮服，登上楊耀記天台，燃點香燭向天發誓後焚燒誓詞。此事引起楊鶴齡兄長的注意，他一直以為他們只是隨便談談，那知這次卻非常認真，他語帶諷刺的說：「你們四大寇在弄甚麼 ? 整天在談反清的事，試問你們小孩子有何力量啊 ? 萬一被清政府知道，你們便有性命危險了 ! 真是年紀輕不懂事 !」由此日起，楊耀記上下人等便稱呼他們為「四大寇」，而這個綽號亦漸漸在同學和朋友中傳開去。 The name “Four Desperados” was coined on 10 October 1888. On that day, Yau Lit came to Hong Kong to tell Yeung Hok-ling, Chan Siu-pak, and Dr Sun Yat-sen about his potential promotion to represent the Qing court in the Sino-French Border Committee in Vietnam. After discussion with his friends, Yau decided to give up the promotion and devote himself to overthrowing the Qing dynasty. He proposed that they take an oath together to show their determination. Yau drafted the oath and Chan wrote it on a piece of yellow paper. Afterwards, the four friends changed into traditional Chinese ceremonial attire and went up to the rooftop of Yeung Yiu Kee. They lit incense and candles, and pledged their determination to the heavens before burning the yellow paper. This act aroused the attention of Yeung Hok-ling’s brother, who thought they were only half serious about the matter. He said sarcastically, “You Four Desperados, what do you think you are doing? You talk about overthrowing the Qing dynasty all the time. Do you think you have the power to achieve anything? You’re just kids. If the Qing government finds about this, your lives will be in great danger. I wish I could put some sense into you.” From that day on, everyone at Yeung Yiu Kee called them the Four Desperados. The name later became known among their friends. 參考資料 : 尤迪光、尤迪桓 :《四大寇 — 尢列》( 香港 : 尤迪桓，二零零七年。).

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