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LGBTQ Family Building Survey

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LGBTQ Family Building Survey LGBTQ Family Building Survey January 2019 INTRODUCTION In 2018, Family Equality Council commissioned the LGBTQ Family Building Survey, a comprehensive research study designed to help us better understand the landscape of family-building for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) adults in America today. As the leading national nonprofit dedicated to supporting LGBTQ families and those who wish to form them, we at Family Equality Council know that expectations around family building in the LGBTQ community are changing rapidly, particularly in the wake of the 2015 Obergefell marriage equality ruling that legalized same-sex marriage nationwide. While studies indicate that the number of Americans openly identifying as part of the LGBTQ community is growing quickly,1 we still know little about this community’s feelings and intentions around starting or growing their families. The sparse data we have available is, in many cases, five, ten, or more years old. In order to serve our community of LGBTQ families, and those who wish to form them, we need to understand Family Equality Council advances legal this unique community’s needs, fears, and lived equality for LGBTQ families, and aspirations around the prospect of and for those who wish to form them, becoming parents. This research study through building community, changing hearts and minds, and driving policy is designed to address this gap, and this change. report provides an initial review of what Family Equality Council believes every we have learned. LGBTQ person should have the right and The. Rev. Stan J. Sloan opportunity to form and sustain a loving family, regardless of who they are or Chief Executive Officer, where they live. Family Equality Council Learn more at familyequality.org. LGBTQ FAMILY BUILDING SURVEY: KEY FINDINGS The number of LGBTQ-headed families in the United States is set to grow dramatically in coming years Among LGBTQ Millennials (aged 18-35): are already are considering are actively 77% parents, or are 63% expanding 48% planning to considering their families, grow their having children, as first-time families or a 44% increase parents or by intending to over older having more do so in the generations children future 3.8 million LGBTQ Millennials are considering expanding their families in the coming years, and 2.9 million are actively planning to do so. FGapsigure 3 both: Com inpa parenthoodring Parenting ratesRates andBetw eplansen to become parents between LLGBTQGBTQ a nandd No non-LGBTQn-LGBTQ Adu peoplelts, by A garee narrowing Parenthood Rates, by Age Group 70 60 50 ) 48% of LGBTQ Millennials are % ( 40 s t planning to grow their families, n e r 30 a compared to 55% of non-LGBTQ P 20 Millennials — a gap of only 7%. 10 0 18-35 36-54 55+ Age Group Figure 6: Comparing Existing and Future LGBTQ Non-LGBTQ LGBTQ Family Building Methods Data from the 2018 LGBTQ Family Building Study. Visit In future, morewww.fam LGBTQilyequality.org /familiesfbs2018 to learn willmore. be formed through assisted reproductive technology, adoption, and foster80 care 70 60 e g 50 a 63% of LGBTQ people planning families t n 40 e c are looking to foster care, adoption, and r e 30 P assisted reproductive technology. 20 This is a dramatic shift from existing 10 0 LGBTQ families, in which 73% have Foster Care Private Adoption Assisted Intercourse Reproductive children conceived from intercourse. Technology Method(s) Used by Existing LGBTQ Families Method(s) Being Considered for Future LGBTQ Families Data from the 2018 LGBTQ Family Building Study. Visit LGBTQwww.famil yFamilyequality.org/f bBuildings2018 to learn m oSurveyre. www.familyequality.org/fbs #1: NUMBER OF LGBTQ Figure 2: LGBTQ People's Family Building FAMILIES SET TO GROW Intentions, by Age DRAMATICALLY 60% After marriage equality was secured in 2015, 50% family building suddenly seemed more within e 40% g a reach for many members of the LGBTQ t n e 30% c community, and there was speculation the r e United States might see new growth in the P 20% number of LGBTQ-headed families in the 10% following years. 0 18-35 36-54 55+ Data gathered during 2018 by the LGBTQ Age Group Family Building Survey indicates that this shift is occurring. By comparing the family building Planning to expand family Unsure whether they will expand family experience of older LGBTQ survey respondents Data from the 2018 LGBTQ Family Building Study. Visit The aspirationsww andw.fami lycurrentequality.org /frealitiesbs2018 to lea rofn m oLGBTQre. to younger generations, we are able to better Millennials provide a preview of a future wave understand how barriers and aspirations of LGBTQ family building in America. Looking about parenthood are changing. Of LGBTQ more closely at LGBTQ Millennials, the survey survey respondents aged 55 years and older, finds that63% of all LGBTQ individuals in 33% either already have children or are consid- the 18-35 year old range are considering ering having children. This finding is consistent expanding their families in the coming with the 2013 Pew Research Center’s finding years, either by becoming parents for the that approximately 35% of LGBTQ adults are first time, or adding more children to their parents. family. However, 77% of LGBTQ “Millennials” (aged Removing the percentage of LGBTQ millennials 18-35) are either already parents or are who are considering but unsure about future considering having children, a 44% increase family building, the survey reveals that 48% over their elders (Figure 1).2 of LGBTQ Millennials are actively planning Figure 1: LGBTQ People Who Already Have or to grow their families or intending to do so in the future (Figure 2).3 Transgender survey are Considering Having Children, by Age respondents are just as likely to be considering expanding their families as their cisgender 80 peers. 70 A Gallup poll4 conducted in May 2018 60 indicated that 4.5% of American adults identify e 50 g as LGBTQ; a total of 15.9 million LGBTQ a t n Americans. That percentage increases to 8.1% e 40 c r e for Millennials, resulting in over 6.1 million P 30 LGBTQ-identified 18-35 year-olds. This means 20 that as many as 3.8 million LGBTQ Millennials 10 are considering expanding their families in 0 the coming years, and 2.9 million are actively 18-35 36-54 55+ planning to do so. Age Group Data from the 2018 LGBTQ Family Building Study. Visit www.familyequality.org/fbs2018 to learn more. 4 2018 LGBTQ Family Building Survey #2: THE GAP BETWEEN Based on the Family Building Survey, this difference in parenting rates between LGBTQ AND NON-LGBTQ LGBTQ and non-LGBTQ adults is expected PARENTHOOD RATES IS to narrow in the future. Comparing the wide 40-percentage-point gap in parenthood NARROWING between 55+ LGBTQ adults (28% are parents) and non-LGBTQ adults (68% are parents) with The historical gap between the number of the parenting aspirations of Millennials aged LGBTQ adults who are parents and their 18-35 suggests that this gap is likely to close cisgender and heterosexual peers still exists significantly (Figure 3). in older generations of the LGBTQ community. Figure 3: Comparing Parenting Rates Between In 2013, Pew Research Center reported that 35% of LGBTQ adults are parents, compared LGBTQ and Non-LGBTQ Adults, by Age with 74% of non-LGBTQ adults.5 Data from the 2018 LGBTQ Family Building Survey affirms 70 this gap in parenthood between LGBTQ and 60 non-LGBTQ parents 55 years and older. 68% of 50 non-LGBTQ identified individuals over age ) % ( 40 s 54 already have children, compared to only t n e r 30 28% of LGBTQ-identified individuals in the a P same age range. 20 Family-building options for the LGBTQ 10 community looked very different 10 years 0 ago, and even more dramatically so 20 and 18-35 36-54 55+ 30 years ago. There were significantly fewer Age Group options for those in the LGBTQ community LGBTQ Non-LGBTQ pursuing foster care and adoption, fewer Among Millennials,Data from t h55%e 2018 LofGBT non-LGBTQQ Family Building Stu dy. Visit www.familyequality.org/fbs2018 to learn more. safeguards for securing legal parentage of individuals and 48% of LGBTQ individuals biologically-conceived children, and a lack of reported that they are planning to have parenting resources for the community as a children,7 a difference of only 7% (Figure 4). whole. A decade ago, a majority of Americans still opposed same-sex marriage, let alone Figure 4: Family Building Intentions Among equality that extended into the realms of LGBTQ and Non-LGBTQ Millennials (18-35) parental rights for all members of the LGBTQ community. As such, family building was an uphill battle for many, and was often 55 50 challenging to achieve within the context of an 45 6 LGBTQ relationship. 40 e 35 g a t 30 n of LGBTQ e c 25 r e P 20 63% Millennials 15 10 are considering having 5 0 children or expanding Millennials Planning to Have Children their family LGBTQ Non-LGBTQ Data from the 2018 LGBTQ Family Building Study. Visit Family Equality Council | wwww.familyequality.org/fbsww.familyequality.org/fbs2018 to learn more. 5 #3: THE LGBTQ COMMUNITY younger generations are entering into LGBTQ relationships primarily and forming families IS RELYING ON CONCEPTION within those partnerships utilizing modalities FROM INTERCOURSE available to the LGBTQ community. SIGNIFICANTLY LESS OFTEN In the Family Building Survey, LGBTQ respon- dents who are already parents reported FOR FAMILY BUILDING that intercourse was utilized 73% of the time to build their families, either within the The average age at which members of the context of a previous heterosexual relationship LGBTQ community come out to their family or as part of a different-sex relationship where and friends is getting younger.
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