GREATER MANCHESTER AND CHESHIRE EAST

A Science and Innovation Audit Report sponsored by the Department for Business, Energy & Industrial Strategy 1

Contents

Foreword 2

Executive summary 3

1 Introduction to Greater Manchester and Cheshire East 7 1.1 Audit process 8 1.2 Overall economic performance and connectivity 9

2 Regional science and innovation assets 11 2.1 Science and research assets 12 2.2 Science and innovation talent 16

3 Excellence in science and research 17

4 Innovation 18

5 National and international engagement 25

6 International developments in scien ce and technology 27

7 Conclusions 31

Annex A Consortium structure and members 34

Annex B Core Data 35

Annex C The University of Manchester on Corridor Manchester 36

Annex D Table showing the potential for inter-connectedness between strengths 37

Annex E Glossary 39

Annex F Abbreviations 40

Annex G Bibliography 41

Annex H Pankhurst Institute 42 2

Foreword Connectivity put our region at the heart This Science and Innovation Audit, in of the Industrial Revolution, when one partnership with central government, particular innovation, the canal network, is an important step in helping us revolutionised the textiles industry. Today appreciate the strengths within Greater our industries may look a lot different, but Manchester and Cheshire East. From the one thing remains the same: the better perspective of business it helps us to our connections, the better our chance achieve a critical aim in ensuring that of a healthier, more successful economy excellence in science is aligned as and society. effectively as possible with opportunities for companies to innovate successfully. Greater Manchester and Cheshire East are home to a high level of partners hip This Audit has focused on identified and connectivity, not least in the areas of specialisms around health innovation, core strength: health innovation and advanced materials, energy, digital and advanced materials. We also have fast- industrial biotechnology, and identified a growth opportunities in digital, energy and number of nationally important science industrial biotechnology, with a wide range and research assets. It has also of science and innovation assets across demonstrated that innovation depends all five areas. not just on physical assets but on people, talent, skills, and infrastructure. It Professor Dame Nancy Rothwell, Building on the interconnectivity between positions existing companies and FRS, FMedSci these is at the crux of the vision set out in potential inward investors to capitalise on President and Vice-Chancellor this SIA. Synergies will accelerate the flow a dynamic and highly trained workfor,ce of The University of Manchester of scientific innovation to the market, including a nationally significant boost productivity and potentially develop concentration in clinical healthcare, solutions to national and global challenges. a digital and technology cluster, one of largest graduate pools in Europe, While acknowledging the demonstrable and a concentration of STEM graduates scientific excellence, dynamic workforce and postgraduates. and business support environment of the region, as well our physical infrastructure Partnership working is underlined by and progressive governance, the SIA also strong governance arrangements. shows us a number of ways forward in Greater Manchester was the UK’s first order to raise skill levels, drive innovative Combined Authority, and has agreed a ac tivity and more closely align industry number of important devolution deals and science. These will require strategic with central government, most recently investment in future and existing assets, on health and social care. This is but also in developing, attracting and underpinned by a strong public and retaining talent, and in support for new private business support environment, and growing businesses. including a Business Growth Hub, Manufacturing Champions Network, Juergen Maier The UK government has begun to four Enterprise Zones, and growing Chief Executive of Siemens plc demonstrate its support for a better incubator space, as well as strong connected north through the Northern physical infrastructure, including Powerhouse initiative. It has also Manchester Airport. recognised the strengths of our infrastructure via the devolution of This Audit provides a platform for powers and budgets in Greater ongoing engagement, so that we Manchester. This SIA shows a path which ensure that we support the innovation the government and our authorities can eco-system and extract maximum value take to fully harness the potential within from existing assets, as well as continuing Greater Manchester and Cheshire East to to invest to maintain world-class bring benefits that spread through – and excellence and stay at the forefront of beyond – our region. international scientific development.

Professor Dame Nancy Rothwell, FRS, Juergen Maier FMedSci Chief Executive of Siemens plc President and Vice-Chancellor of The University of Manchester 3

Executive summary

In autumn 2015 the UK government announced regional Science and Innovation Audits (SIAs) to catalyse a new approach to regional economic development. SIAs enable local consortia to focus on analysing regional strengths and identify mechanisms to realise their potential. In Greater Manchester (GM) and Cheshire East (CE), a consortium was formed to focus on our strengths in health innovation, advanced materials, energy, digital and industrial biotechnology. This report presents the results which includes broad-ranging analysis of GM and CE’s capabilities, the challenges and the substantial opportunities for future economic growth.

Context 2. ‘Fast-growth opportunities’ focused on At the core of the industrial strategy for the future potential of digital, energy, and both GM and CE is the need to harness industrial biotechnology, where our knowledge, innovation, skills and assets and capabilities offer real scope for infrastructure to drive the local economy, future development. create jobs and raise productivity. Realisation of the full potential from our Our guiding hypotheses were firstly that science and innovation strengths will also we have five areas of core strengths and benefit wider global societal challenges. fast growth opportunities which could be These include climate change, energy combined to release new synergies of security, transport efficiency, and a innovation and productivity growth, and sustainable health and social care system. secondly that we would have to address Informed by the results of our Smart gaps in our regional innovation ecosystem Specialisation Platform analysis, emerging that are constraining our ability to do so in imperatives for growing the economy of order to realise full potential. GM and CE’s the Northern Powerhouse and devolution collaboration on this Audit is borne out of of the health and social care budget to shared ambition, functional geography, GM, we identified two ‘areas’ of focus for talent and assets, and a strong history of this Science and Innovation Audit (SIA): working together in partnership, such as joint action to secure a future for Alderley 1. ‘Core strengths’ in health innovation Park1 (home to 150 bioscience and advanced materials, where we have companies), and the £31m Joint Cheshire existing, internationally- recognised and GM Life Science Fund2. excellence.

1https://moderngov.cheshireeast.gov.uk/documents/s31312/Alderley%20Park%20Development%20Prospec tus%20-%20Appendix%201.pdf 2http://www.gmclifesciencesfund.com/ 4

Vision Particularly important is the Advanced materials: eg Sir Henry Royce Our vision derives directly from our first accompanying training programme. Institute, National Graphene Institute, hypothesis that we can create a global Graphene Engineering Innovation Centre, competitive advantage by driving This gives us a large concentration of BP International Centre for Advanced synergies from our core capabilities. Our graphene scientists with additional MateriaM)ls (BP-ICA 13, Cockcroft areas of excellence create additional entrepreneurship training. The Sir Henry Institute. positive spill-overs and value when Royce Institute8 will create a national combined. This inter-connectedness will focus to overcome traditionally long lead- Digital: eg recognised as the UK’s second enable us to co-develop applications in times and act as a “rapid accelerator” digital hub through MediaCityUK, Farr new technologies. It will be achieved by through TRLs to application, notably in Institute, CityVerve, Jodrell Bank, Hartree linking our unique clusters of excellence in the manufacturing sector. Centre (Sci-Tech Daresbury), and fundamental science with an ability to put associated tech cluster14. that scientific knowledge into application iii. GM as a full-scale test-bed and lead – bringing together local and national market to develop and demonstrate Energy: eg National Nuclear Laboratory, partners. Three key opportunities innovative technology Dalton Nuclear Institute, National Grid identified are: Our fast-growth opportunities, digital and High Voltage Laboratory, Birchwood energy, as with health, combine excellence nuclear cluster, Amec Foster Wheeler’s i. Health – a globally leading centre for in research and facilities with a particular High Temperature Facility. clinical trials competence in mounting large-scale We have the largest concentration of projects in the community. This is illustrated Indust rial biotechnology: eg Manchester excellence in health research nationally by the large-scale demonstrators, Institute of Biotechnology, Waters outside South East England. Key facilities CityVerve9 and Triangulum10, which enable Corporation’s Mass Spectrometry in support of cutting-edge research and whole systems to be tested and create Facility15, AstraZeneca’s R&D facility, innovation are set in the context of a large multiple business opportunities. Industrial Antimicrobial Resistance Centre. and stable population exhibiting biotechnology is a capability of relevance significant health challenges. Health for the concentration of related industries Demonstrated scientific excellence devolution to GM (£6bn p.a.)3 has created in the North of England. Focusing on is also a key criterion. In health, the the unprecedented opportunity for a synthesising new products and combined result of all health disciplines concerted push towards innovation for intermediates, it helps develop both ranked The University of Manchester both health and economic benefit. We sustainability and resilience in the move (UoM) 5th in the UK for research power16, have put in place a platform, Health away from fossil fuels and feedstocks the highest-ranking institution outside Innovation Manchester4, to refocus our and offers the potential to address t he South East. UoM produced the priorities around a system and place. disease pandemics and tackle second highest number of publications in Synergies with the digital sector (eg antimicrobial resistance. the top 10% most cited in the field of health informatics) allow us to drive advanced materials17. In our fast- towards becoming a globally leading Strengths: leading-edge growth opportunity areas UoM is centre for clinical trials. science and innovation capabilities consistently in the UK’s top five both The foundation for progress in GM/CE by volume of academic publication / share ii. Materials – rapid accelerator to rests in part upon a critical mass of of top 10% cited papers18. application acknowledged Science and Innovation In advanced materials, the opportunities assets in each of the selected areas in A dynamic, highly trained workforce to develop ‘Graphene City’5 highlight the both the public and private sectors: in the region includes a nationally unique presence of world-leading science significant concentration of training in (eg National Graphene Institute6) Health innovation: eg Biomedical Research clinical healthcare , one of the largest engaged with business and producing Centre (£28.5m, Sept 2016)11, Academic graduate pools in Europe, a strong start-up companies. The next steps are to Health Science Centre, Manchester concentration of STEM graduates/ systematise the pathway through higher Cancer Research Centre, Alderley Park postgraduates, and a long and tech nology readiness levels (TRLs) with Science Park, Medicines Discovery successful history of entrepreneurship the opening of the Graphene Engineering Catapult hub12, Antimicrobial Resistance and industrial engagement19. Innovation Centre (GEIC)7 and hence to Research Centre, Citylabs, Precision turn our discoveries to applications. Medicine Catapult spoke. Cityregion governance is conducive to

3 https://www.england.nhs.uk/2015/02/greater-manc-funding/ 4 https://www.healthinnovationmanchester.com 14 http://www.techcityuk.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/02/Tech-Nation- 5 http://www.graphene.manchester.ac.uk/explore/graphene-city/ 2016_FINAL-ONLINE-1.pdf?utm_content=buffer2e58f&utm_medium=social& 6 http://www.graphene.manchester.ac.uk/collaborate/national-graphene- utm_source=twitter.com&utm_campaign=buffer institute/working-in-partnership/ 15 http://www.waters.com/waters/en_GB/New-Mass-Spectrometry- 7 http://www.graphene.manchester.ac.uk/collaborate/geic/ Facility/nav.ht m?cid=134653003&locale=en_GB 8 http://www.royce.ac.uk 16 Research Excellence Framework (REF) 2014 based on volume x grade point 9 http://www.cityverve.org.uk average 10 http://triangulum-project.e u 17 ibid 11 https://www.gov.uk/government/news/new-816-million-investment-in-health- 18 Scopus SciVal data for UoM ranked versus Russell Group comparators based on research keyword field definitions 12 https://md.catapult.org.uk/ 19 “Mapping local comparative advantages in innovation”, (BIS) 2015 13 http://www.icam-online.org/ 5

innovation and growth. Our history of behind the England average23. In finance, in ord er to develop route-ways to strong local governance is exemplified by although we have access to one of the the market. the creation in GM of the first Combined largest private equity pools in the UK, Authority in the UK, and a shared strategy access to venture capital remains behind Pankhurst Centre to bring together to create economic growth. Four the South East. Such access is needed to physical science capabilities for devolution deals have been agreed for help bridge the equity gap from start-up health benefit GM, including control over £6bn p.a. of to scale-up. We can reinforce inter-connectedness by health spending with commitment to use making some important strategic this to drive innovation through Health There is an outstanding offer of place investments. Central to our plans is the Innovation Manchester to serve a patient assets, now linked more clearly as a Pankhurst Centre for Research in Health, population with major healthcare system following this audit. Technology Technology and Innovation. This would be challenges. GM and CE have a strong and space and support services and a path-breaking, cross-disciplinary effective record of effective partnership. institutions are situated in a continuum Institute bringing together clinical from MediaCity in Salford, through research with materials science, A well-established public and private Corridor Manchester and Airport City to informatics, engineering and computer business support environment includes Alderley Park and the Cheshire Science science to address major health examples of mature business support Corridor. These form a globally problems, and unlock synergies between networks eg GM Business Growth Hub, competitive innovation district. There are our strengths of health and materials plus and the Manufacturing Champions strong examples of collaboration and digital and biotechnology. Its ‘bi- Network; access to private equity networking across GM/CE, but we need directional’ nature means new discoveries (including Venture Capital and Business to do more so that we can realise the full will seek health applications and respond Angels in GM and CE); a strong potential of our assets to drive innovation to health needs to find solutions. It will be underpinning financial and professional and commercialise our research locally. both place-based and virtual, with a core service sector; four Enterprise Zones (one We must also support smaller firms to of at least 100 research leaders from at Alderley Park); and incubator and acquire and build the absorptive capacity diverse disciplines working together, but accelerator space spanning the region to take advantage of the opportunities drawing upon a wider group of and joining up GM and CE assets. created by our science assets. researchers beyond.

Physical infrastructure is available for a The audit shows that our innovation Maintain the strength of our science globally connected high tech sector. support system lacks some key elements assets with key critical investments The region has excellent air, road and in knowledge production (missing In the short-term, we have identified a rail connectivity (Manchester Airport complementary assets), development of small number of projects which address directly serves over 210 destinations)20, talent (addressing key skills and gaps and opportunities in our regional well-developed digital connectivity, and management deficits) and business ecosystem and are strong candidates for lower lo cation costs for work/ living support (improving the environment for investment to help do this. than London. innovative, growing firms). We need to increase productivity, raise skills and 2. Strengthening our innovation Gap analysis qualification levels across the workforce, support ecosystem Our analysis shows that in each sector we and extend the benefits of our recent have globally competitive multinationals strong growth to the less favoured parts Enhancing collaboration accompanied by clusters of innovative of our region. We will drive alignment of our science SMEs. In terms of skills and talent, a higher assets with our local business base to proportion of our area’s workforce is Key ambitions maximise economic impact, stimulating a employed in science, research, Following from our analysis of strengths broader cultural change around engineering and technology professions and gaps we will follow two main lines interdisciplinary pathways to the market. than the England average21 but a of action: significant share of the local population Nurturing talent continu es to have no qualifications at all. 1. Strategic investment to capitalise on We must ensure the right local skills mix is Around knowledge transfer and the key intersections and opportunities in place to drive innovation, reinforce our leadership, there are more firms in CE identified scientific strengths and improve engaged in product or process innovation We must extract maximum value from our ability to attract and retain talented than the English average, and their level of existing assets and those under individuals. GMCE needs to invest further business R&D expenditure per person construction, but need to continue to in the development of the skills required one of the highest nationally22. Yet, across invest (from our own and external funds) to drive its key innovation sectors and the whole of our geography, nearly half of to maintain world-class excellence and assets, particularly higher-level technical firms are still not ‘innovation-active’. remain at the forefront of international skills. We plan to establish an Institute of Productivity levels remain below their developments in our areas of smart Technology, which would work closely potential, with GVA per capita in GM and specialisation. Notably this will exploit the with GMCE’s universities, enable average annual full-time pay significantly synergies between our areas of strength progression from FE, will be driven by

20 Manchester Airport Group “Route Development at Manchester Airport”, 2016 21 “Mapping local comparative advantages in innovation”, (BIS) 2015 22 Ibid 23 Ibid 6

business demands and leadership, and each of the areas of strength identified foster innovation in SMEs. and rapidly growing interest from global companies to have a footprint in GM Leadership and management capacity for (particularly at Citylabs) and CE (notably our innovative sectors are also critical. We Alderley Park). Major multinational need investment in our business schools companies include NCC Group, NNL, to ensure they can play a pivotal role NuGen, Hitachi, BP, Amec Foster through their research and training in Wheeler, Waters, Cisco and AstraZeneca. guiding development of health devolution and of our advanced innovative sectors. The audit process has driven added-value We need to raise awareness of a diverse in verifying our own internal assessments workforce to drive innovation. of strengths, weaknesses and opportunities; strengthening our Improving business support collaborations across the region; building As we build critical mass, there will be on our partnerships; and identifying future increased opportunity to ensure priorities, particularly for innovation and businesses gain access to diverse business development. During the finance support to help them to scale-up. process, we held 10 meetings with over We need to realise the benefits of 40 partners - including 20 companies and ‘absorptive capacity’ within SMEs, two workshops (health innovation and improving their ability to integrate new advanced materials). This led to the information for commercial ends. This reinforcement of our strategy with other includes increasing the provision of partners, introduction of industry partners adequate space for both start-ups/ to each other and important feedback, scale-ups and leveraging in smarter development of new collaborations and procurement practice from the public identification of areas that need to be sector to incentivise innovative practice strengthened. For example, UoM, (eg through data-sharing initiatives Manchester Metropolitan University such as GMConnect and Datawell). (MMU) and the University of Salford (UoS) are now working together on health Networking and collaboration education and innovation; while LEPS Our integrated governance, deep culture across the North are collaborating more of collaboration between government, closely on joint actions to understand and business, academia, and health, and drive innovation. strong partnership between GM and CE gives a powerful platform to implement The Audit has demonstrated a historic the opportunities shown in the Audit. We opportunity to develop our innovation will work with partners nationally (including ecosystem as an accelerated pathway across the North) and internationally as to the market for regional and national we pursue global export and inward social and economic benefit. It provides investment opportunities. us with a platform for shared action going forward. The region is characterised by an exceptional level of partnership and connectivity. There are close strategic and operational collaborations between our universities, the business community, local government and public sector partn ers, health and social care providers, and charities. Connectivity is demonstrated by a series of strategic alliances, eg in healthcare and medicine (see strengths above); and national and international networks (eg EU €1bn Graphene Flagship24, £20m Connected Health Cities25, UK’s only Internet of Things demonstrator (CityVerve), and other assets noted above). We already have strong international partnerships in

24 http://graphene-flagship.eu/project/Pages/About-Graphene-Flagship.aspx 25 http://www.manchester.ac.uk/discover/news/chancellors-20m-to-use-cities- data-to-improve-healthcare/ 7 1 Introduction to Greater Manchester and Cheshire East

At the core of the industrial strategy for both Greater Manchester (GM) and Cheshire East (CE) is the need to harness knowledge, innovation, skills, and infrastructure to drive the local economy, create jobs and raise productivity. This report assesses key strengths, assets and capabilities in the region, and sets these in the context of an analysis of gaps and opportunities. Going beyond the economic narra tive we recognise that the realisation of the full potential from our science and innovation strengths will also address wider societal challenges. These include several areas that are critical to our region, but also nationally and globally: climate change and the environment, combating pandemic infections and antimicrobial resistance, healthy living and ageing, and in support of these establishing a sustainable health and social care system that keeps more people economically and socially active for a longer time. 8

1.1 and driving smart specialisation. This genuine local scientific strength, current AUDIT PROCESS includes working with Sheffield and innovation opportunities, and the Lancashire as part of wave 1 of the audits, medium-term potential to deliver overall GM and CE’s collaboration on this Science in terms of better understanding the improvements in local productivity and Innovation Audit is borne out of linkages around both the Sir Henry Royce through ongoing investment. They also shared ambition, functional geography, Institute, and the Nuclear Advanced match the priority strengths identified as talent and assets. There is a strong history Manufacturing Research Centre. We have part of the Northern Powerhouse of the two working together in partnership, also supported colleagues in Liverpool Independent Economic Review27 and the exemplified by joint action to secure a City Region, York, and the Northern ’leading innovation capabilities’ for the successful future for Alderley Park, and Health Science Alliance (NHSA) in their North West as identified by the North through initiatives such as the £31m Joint bids for wave 2. West Business Leadership Team.28 These Cheshire and GM Life Science Fund. are in two categories: Consortium Structu re Over the past 15 years, GM has The Audit has been led by a Task and 1. ‘Core strengths’ in health innovation transformed into an international centre Finish Group: UoM (as scientific lead), and advanced materials, where we have for knowledge-based and innovation-led and Greater Manchester Combined existing internationally-recognised service and manufacturing activity, Authority (GMCA) / Greater Manchester excel.lence exemplified by the designation of GM as Local Enterprise Partnership (GMLEP) the European City of Science in 2016 and (as innovation lead – undertaken by 2. ‘Fast growth opportunities’ focused on the hosting of the EuroScience Open New Economy). the future potential of digital, energy, and Forum. CE hosts a highly skilled workforce, industrial biotechnology, where our significant industrial research and It has been overseen by a Core assets and capabilities offer real scope for innovation capability, and a number of Membership consortium of key local future development. important academic innovation assets. partners (see Annex A), including The two together form a natural four universities (UoM, MMU, Bolton Hypotheses to be tested geography which also links beneficially to and UoS); the GMCA; two Local The audit has been structured to explore other parts of the North West and beyond. Enterprise Partnerships (GM, and and test two hypotheses: Cheshire and Warrington); a number of For both partners, science, technology and science, health and innovation 1. that ‘core strengths’ and ‘fast-growth the translation of discoveries through partnerships as well as wider public sector opportunities’, and critically the synergies innovative practice into commercial partners (Cheshire East Council, the Skills between them, can be used better to applications are important drivers of and Growth Company, Corridor accelera te innovation and productivity economic growth, and both acknowledge Manchester, Health Innovation growth; and this can bring wider social benefit. GM aims Manchester, Manchester Science to transform itself from a net recipient of Partnerships (MSP), the Manchester 2. that our regional innovation ecosystem Exchequer funding to a net contributor, Academic Health Science Centre is constrained by less than optimal key acknowledging that overall productivity is (MAHSC), the Northern Health Science expertise and infrastructures which need currently behind the UK average. We will Alliance and the national science and to be defined and addressed. therefore use this Audit to contribute innovation campus, Sci-Tech Daresbury); effectively to the critical societal, national and a group of large and small businesses Core strengths29 and global challenges. Such issues can be with a local presence - including Arup, Health innovation: Recognising shaped only by the ability of places to build AstraZeneca, BBC North, the GM the major opportunity to drive private on knowledge networks to embrace Business Growth Hub, BioNow, BP, BT, sector innovation and public sector innovative and disruptive technologies and Cisco, Hitachi, Medtronic, MediaCity UK, reform as a result of the Health bring them to market. NCC Group, Siemens, Unilever, and the Devolution agreement for GM Waters Corporation. (DevoManc), our aim is to build on Undertaking this Audit has also excellence in precision medicine, health galvanised lo cal partners to come Enabling collaborators are drawn from informatics and bringing clinical research together and think about how we better universities and organisations both in the excellence and innovation into practice. leverage our assets and excellence to UK and overseas with which GM and CE support the wider business base to drive have strong collaborations (see Chapter 5). Advanced materials: To drive economic growth and address notable innovation in sectors such as gaps that inhibit delivery of our ambitions. Focus on key areas environment, manufacturing, housing, It has also had the beneficial effect of This Audit has identified five strengths transport, and biomaterials (to address supporting wider conversations with which are the key focus of the study. They health and well-being challenges), we will partners across the North to develop emerged from the analysis conducted for maximise the capabilities and networking common policies targeted at both the 2014 EU Smart Specialisation of the key national assets in this domain strengthening the innovation eco-system Platform26, and reflect a combination of situated in our region.

28 NWBLT, “Discovery to Delivery – NW England a premier location for science and 26 http://s3platform.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ technology innovation”: (i) Advanced Materials and Molecular Manipulation; (ii) 27 This identified four ‘Prime Capabilities’ at the level of the North: Advanced Energy Research including Nuclear Energy and Nuclear Engineering; (iii) Cancer Materials, Energy, Health Innovation and Digital (including e-Health and Big Data) Research and Health Innovation; (iv) HPC, Big Data and Digital Manufacturing. 29 “Core strengths” are based on existing internationally recognised excellence; “Fast-growth opportunities” are based on current trajectory and potential. 9

Fast-growth opportunities driver of the economy. Hence it is now a Overall GVA per capita in GM is currently Digital: This is a key enabling technology key centre nationally for financial and £21k p.a. (below the UK average of £25k), for the other sectors, and there are professional services, higher education, but is £29k in CE (2013)38. Average specific opportunities in Big Data, in our and the creative and digital industries. annual gross full-time pay per capita in extended programme of demonstrator However, overall productivity remains GM (£30k) is lower overall than for and test-bed projects in the domain of lower than its potential in GM (a current England (£34k, partly reflecting higher smart cities/Internet of Things (IoT), and national gap of £3,600 per capita adding London wages) and in CE (£31k)38. The via the dynamic creative, digital and media up to £10.4bn p.a.), while above the proportion of GM working age residents economy in the region. average in CE. with no qualifications is higher (11.5%) than in CE (8.5%)38. 38.9% of residents in Energy: Opportunities arise from our Gov ernance CE are educated to NVQ level 4 and leading position in nuclear research, and in Along with the GM LEP, the GMCA 31.8% in GM (2013), compared to low carbon energy generation, provides a basis for collaboration and England average of 35%38. There are transmission and storage. implementation of agreed strategy32 in four universities with main campuses GM. This unique city regional governance (UoM, MMU, UoS, University of Bolton) Industrial biotechnology: The enables us to take decisions of a strategic with over 96,000 students39. concentration of this sector in the North nature and places us in a strong position of England provide opportunities to drive to make devolved funding decisions. For Connectivity technological advances in molecular example, the DevoManc agreement Connectivity is vital to stimulate biology and biotechnology to support (2015) provides greater local control over innovation and collaboration and realise drug discovery and development, as well £6bn p.a. of health and social care the full economic value from our existing as sustainable and clean production of spending, permi tting far greater use of science assets as well as to support future chemicals for use in manufacturing. devolved and aligned commissioning and investments. GMCE have an extensive procurement. In CE, our governance is led transport infrastructure that puts at least by the Cheshire and Warrington 5.2m people within an hour’s commute of 1.2 Economic Prosperity Board, with business the core; the largest travel-to work OVERALL CEONOMIC voice represented by the Cheshire and catchment area of any conurbation in the PERFORMANCE AND Warrington LEP. UK outside London. Manchester Airport CONNCETIVITY offers more direct connections than any Business base and labour market UK airport outside London (over 210 Overview GMCE have a combined GVA of £68.6bn destinations), and handles over 24m GM is the UK’s second largest city-region p.a.30, with over 126,000 businesses in passengers p.a. It is also the only UK in both demographic and economic terms 201533, and a strong track record in airport outside London to offer – bigger than Wales, the same size as the securing foreign direct investment (FDI) scheduled, non-stop direct routes to North East of England, and half the size of (eg £1.3bn in 201534). In 2014 there were Hong Kong, China, and Singapore. It has Scotland. With around £57bn GVA p.a., it 14,225 business starts in GM (804/ multiple direct daily flights to the main US is equivalent to almost 20% of the total 100,000 working age population); and hub airports and European capital and economic output of the North of England 2,430 in CE (647/ 100,000) . regional airports. and about 40% of GVA in the North West30. GM is also one of the largest There are critical assets in GM’s health GMCE sits on the main North-South and economies (by GVA) in the EU. and social care sector supporting 157,400 East-West UK rail and motorway links, and jobs and GVA of £4.5bn in 201436. has the UK’s largest light rail system. We CE’s GVA in 2014 was ~£11.2bn, with Outside London, GM is the UK’s main are also at the heart of Transport for the average annual growth of 4.8% over centre of financial and professional North, which is bringing improved 1997-201430. Manufacturing and services37, employing over 294,000 connectivity across the North. GMCE is professional, scientific and technical people and generating almost £18bn GVA home to one of the most advanced and services account for almost a quarter of p.a. in 201436. Our creative and digital competitive telecommunications and jobs in CE, reflecting the presence of sector accounts for 68,300 jobs, creating internet infrastructures in Europe – with major manufacturing sites such as GVA of £3.4bn p.a. Education employs excellent fibre networks both to Europe Bentley, AstraZeneca, Siemens, BAE 119,000 people and adds GVA of £3.8bn and North America, and 97% coverage of Systems and Sanofi. p.a. to the GM. The low carbon and high speed superfast broadband to home environmental goods and services sector and business. GMCE remains an important location for already employs 38,000 people. Despite the manufacturing sector, accounting for the decline of the manufacturing sector, about 137,000 jobs31 , but has also seen 53,000 people now work in advanced its service sector develop as the manufacturing (including advanced dominant source of employment and materials) in the city region36.

30 ONS, Regional Gross Value Added (Income Approach) 35 ONS, Business Demography 2015 and Population Estimates 2015. 31 ONS, Business Register and Employment Survey Calculations by New Economy. 32 GMCA/AGMA “Stronger Together: the Greater Manchester Strategy” (2009); 36 Greater Manchester Forecasting Model, 2015 “GM Growth and Reform Plan” (2013). 37 Northern Powerhouse Independent Economic Review, SQW, 2016 33 ONS, UK Business Counts (Local Units) 38 “Mapping Local comparative advantages in innovation”, BIS, 2015. 34 UKTI figures 392014/15 HESA data 10

Map: GMCE Audit 11 2 Regional science and innovation assets

We already have a strong base of knowledge of our scientific and innovation capabilities based on our 2014 Smart Specialisation analysis (accredited by the European Smart Specialisation Platform)40, work on sector ‘Deep Dives’41, and the GMCE Life Sciences Review42. In this section we review our science and research assets in the five areas with an emphasis on their relevance for innovation, and we summarise our human talent.

40 http://s3platform.jrc.ec.europa.eu/ 41 http://www.neweconomymanchester.com/publications/deep-dives-skills-reports 42 http://www.gmclifesciencesfund.com/ 12

2.1 operating at an unprecedented scale. research attracting around £100m grant SCIENCE AND Hospitals across the audit area offer income in the past five years (MRC, RESEARCH ASSETS treatment in all specialities and employ EPSRC and industry) - with a major focus c255,000 people. GM has Europe’s on immune-mediated conditions. Assets - health innovation la rgest single-site clinical-academic Opportunities for innovation from campus on Corridor Manchester (see We have a long history of cancer research, DevoManc are being met by a new Chapter 4 and Annex C), a partnership stretching back to the early 20th century partnership, Health Innovation between Central Manchester University work on X-radiography and radium. The Manchester, which will speed-up the Hospital NHS FT (CMFT), UoM and MMU, Christie NHS Foundation Trust is Europe’s discovery, development and delivery of Manchester City Council and local largest cancer centre and the largest innovative solutions to the NHS. It is business. This will be further early-phase clinical tri als unit in the world, focused on health informatics and builds strengthened by plans, which are well with around 400 trials taking place at any on GM’s data capabilities and expertise in advanced, to unite the three major one time. It houses the biggest clinical trials and precision medicine. It is a hospitals in the city into one NHS Trust44 chemotherapy facility in the UK. unique st rategic body with key local in 2017. partners, including MAHSC, the Academic The Manchester Cancer Research Health Science Network, the LEP and The population of GMCE is diverse, stable Centre (MCRC) (£45m over the next five universities. As well as being tasked with and accessible (outward migration is years) is a partnership between UoM, The increasing the scale and pace of relatively low) but has significant health Christie and Cancer Research UK (CRUK). innovation in health and care in challenges and lower than average life Additional centres of excellence on site partnership with industry, it will align expectancy. This population is therefore include the CRUK Manchester Institute GM’s clinical excellence assets to particularly suitable to sustain complex, (£24m p.a.); a CRUK Major Centre address population health needs, long-term clinical trials, and our local data (currently £6m p.a. planned to rise to £9m accelerate the adoption and diffusion of technology offers the potential access to p.a. 2017), one of only three such major innovations into GM Health & Social Care, around 2.8m patients for large-scale centres nationally; CRUK Lung Cancer and i ncrease commercial engagement in trials. Indeed, GM had the highest Centre of Excellence with UCL; and the discovery, development and recruitment in England to commercial Prostate Cancer UK Fastman Centre of deployment of innovations. clinical trials in 2013-1445. This is Excellence with Belfast University. underpinned by the largest concentration GM has one of the six Academic Health of clinical research nurses nationally MCRC integrates world-class research Science Centres in England and the only (around 250) - trained and ready to and clinical expertise across cancer one outside of the South East (a support trials. biology, translational research, drug partnership between UoM and six NHS discovery and clinical trials; it includes organisations three acute Trusts, two Case study: ~240 academics publishing on cancer and specialist Trusts and a Clinical related areas, £145m live grants, and an Commissioning Group43) aimed at driving The Salford Lung Study extensive portfolio of industry improvements in healthcare through collaboration eg leading the first human research and innovation. The world’s first digitally enhanced trials of the EGFR inhibitor, Iressa, and randomised clinical trial of a drug for Arimidex with AstraZeneca. Devolution and the success of MAHSC chronic obstructive pulmonary disease have led to a ‘One Manchester’ approach (COPD), involving over 2,800 patients MCRC is also the base for the to health research and innovation. This is and carried out by GSK, Innoviva, North CRUK/EPSRC Cancer Imaging Centre demonstrated for example by developing West e-Health, UoM and local (with the University of Cambridge, a single successful Biomedical Research hospitals46. The study showed that the ~£2m p.a. across both sites) which Centre bid (£28.5m, the largest outside drug Relvar Ellipta significantly reduced leads research to improve cancer the South East), a single bid for a Clinical exacerbations in patients with COPD. diagnosis through magnetic resonance Research Facility and development for a Using electronic health records, GSK imaging, ultrasound, and positnro single Clinical Trials Unit and R&D support worked and studied patients in their emission tomography. office. More broadly, as the region everyday setting - monitoring all became the fir st in the country to take hospital admissions, outpatient and The Proton Beam Therapy Centre control of its combined health and emergency department visits, and data (£138m, with £7m research facilities, social care budgets, a sum of more than from primary care providers. open 2018), one of only two such £6 billion, the opportunity has emerged research and treatment facilities in the to tackle health inequalities through a Our strengths in precision medicine are UK, will link to local academic research comprehensive approach to population based around cancer, genomics, expertise in nuclear including at the health built on new systems and pathways proteomics, imaging, and biomarkers, with Dalton Nuclear Institute, and use of the

43 University Hospital of South Manchester NHS Foundation Trust, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, CMFT, The Christie, Manchester Mental Health and Social Care Trust, Salford Clinical Commissioning Group 44 North Manchester General Hospital, Wythenshawe Hospital and the Manchester Royal Infirmary. 45 2013/14 National Institute for Health Research Clinical Research Network, Greater Manchester Portfolio: 2,819 trials 46 http://www.srft.nhs.uk/media-centre/latest-news/news-archive/news-2012/sls-update/ 13

advanced particle accelerators at the will extend its reach to cover the whole of working on plans for a new, joint Cockcroft Institute, Daresbury. In GM by 2018. independent international medical school. combination with the Stereotactic Ablative radiotherapy and Magnetic The Manchester Centre for Genomic Assets - advanced materials Resonance Imaging guided radiotherapy Medicine is one of the largest and most Advance materials enables advances in (operational 2017), this will be the first comprehensive genetics units in Europe, technologies across multiple sectors, and and only UK site with three advanced employing ~250 staff and with a national is a world-leading scientific strength of state-of-the-art radiotherapy molecular testing role for around 50 the region, exemplified by the Nobel Prize delivery techniques. services - developing new tests for the for Phys ics (2010, Geim and Novoselov at NHS as well as supporting the UoM), and Regius Professorships in UoM, The Christie and CRUK have development of genetic services Physics (2014) and in Materials (2016). invested £28.5m in a new cancer research internationally. It handles 8% of all More than £120m in capital investment in facility, and are establishing the England’s complex single gene the National Graphene Institute (NGI) and Manchester Centre for Cancer diagnostics48. the Graphene Engineering Innovation Biomarker Sciences, a national centre, Centre (GEIC) will reinforce our position as which will link to the Precision Medicine The Stoller Biomarker Discovery Centre a leading knowledge centre in 2D and Medicines Discovery Catapults (see (£18m funding, including £4m in private materials (including, but no longer Chapter 4), and identify groups using sector support) based at MSP Citylabs is restricted to graphene) research and proteomic, genomic, environmental, among the largest clinical proteomics commercialisation, helping maintain the imaging and circulating tumour (liquid centre in Europe, and is linked to the UK’s world-leading position in 2-D biopsy) biomarkers to lower future cancer Farr Institute to ensure rapid merger of materials. GM also has world leading risk – acting as a global hub that will clinical data. capability and equipment in pioneer personalised cancer treatment. characterisation and imaging, crucial for The UK Biobank, hosted at UoM, is advanced materials but also applicable to The Health eResearc h Centre (HeRC) the largest repository in the world for challenges spanning multiple sectors. (£4m capital and £4m revenue from over 500,000 human samples generating multiple funders) at UoM is one of four an important database for future UoM’s £61m National Graphene Institute centres that make up the UK-wide health research into major diseases, with the (NGI) provides facilities for 250 scientists informatics research collaboration that is aim of improving prevention, diagnosis with 69 partner companies. It receives The Farr Institute. The collaboration and treatment. over >600 enquiries p.a. from companies involves UoM and Public Health England, large and small looking use graphene to alongside 19 other academic institutions/ MMU has established a £2.5m strategic produce the applications of the future health partners, to deliver advances in partnership with Nuffield Health to with the potential to revolutionise healthcare using ‘Big Data’, and has undertake research and workforce healthcare, transport, and engineering. attracted £20m capital funding from development around health, wellbeing This is supported by investments in gover nment, research councils, and and behaviour change - supported by four translational research; the £60m GEIC industry. HeRC will transform the delivery centres for health related research and (see chapter 4) will bring 2D/graphene of health and social care through projects knowledge, including ageing. products closer to market by focusing on in areas such as self-care, integrated care, pilot production and characterisation to patient experience, and real-time Alderley Park in CE (1.5m sq.ft. office achieve higher TRLs. UoM is working monitoring using smartphones, wearable and laboratory space, owned and closely with the UK’s National Physical devices and accessible health-care operated by MSP49), is home to over Labora tory to develop international records. As members of the NHSA47, 150 bioscience companies with specialist standards for graphene and other 2D HeRC and GM partners are also working industry facilities and equipment for materials. UoM and NGI are now building on the Connected Health Cities chemistry, bioscience, drug metabolism, strong links with China which is programme (government funding of £8m mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic considering its own national graphene to GM), which will drive health resonance (see Chapter 4). Alderley strategy, linked to NGI. careinnovation through the integration, Park is also home to important national analysis and use of data across primary, assets such as the Medicines The EU €1bn Euro Graphene Flagship secondary and social care. Discovery Catapult. represents joint research on an unprecedented scale, with a core The DataWell informatics project (£6m Medical education and training: GM trains consortium of over 150 academic and over two years) at Citylabs links data 24,000 health professionals p.a. which is industrial research groups across 23 across different health-care organisations c.70% of new entra nts to the NHS countries. UoM has received >€4m to to improve clinical care and patients’ workforce. UoM, MMU and UoS are now support the project, sits on the Executive access to information. It is working with 12 working together to better integrate the Board as well as the Management Panel, health and social care organisations, and training of health professionals and are and is leading work on spintronics,

47 NHSA is a partnership of NHS and research organisations across GM and 7 other northern cities (see Table 1) 48 UoM, “Global Challenges, Manchester Solutions”, 2015. 47 The MSP consortium (made up of UoM and Manchester City Council) own 35% of Alderley Park. The remainder is owned by Bruntwood and Cheshire east Council. Additionally, the UoM and Manchester City Council each owns a 12% share of the MSP site on Corridor Manchester. 14

enabling materials and and engineering (linking above to proton (complemented by Fintech and IoT). It health applications. beam therapy for cancer). The Hartree would aim to provide an incubation Centre at Daresbury (see ASSETS - platform to attract, engage and connect UoM also hosts the Northwest DIGITAL) provides supercomputing and entrepreneurs, talent, customers and Composites Centre (NWCC), a regional data analysis infrastructures to deliver the investors and so support the centre of expertise in supporting, modelling capacity for advanced commercialisation of research and IP. It evaluating and introducing innovation in materials. would also provide c ollaborative research manufacture, design, analysis and testing capabilities, and security intelligence, and of advanced composites. The focus of the Assets - digital also support businesses and the public centre is around low cost, low energy, low Building on the legacy of Alan Turing at sector to tackle cyber security and cycle time manufacture of composites UoM in the 1950s, and development of increase resilience. and more specifically structural textile the first p rogrammable computer (the composites, non-destructive and ‘Baby’), today we have strengths in The Hartree Centre, at Daresbury, is one structural health monitoring with state- computational science and the use of ’Big of the world’s most powerful of-the-art X-ray tomography equipment Data’ which will help drive areas such as supercomputing and data analysis in the Henry Moseley X-Ray Imaging healthcare informatics, modelling for infrastructures, and a leader in the Big Facility (£19m) and design and failure advanced materials, and Smart Cities. Data revolution. It is helping UK industry analysis of polymer composites. Currently gain a competitive edge by harnessing there are over 70 PhD students and post UoM’s School of Computer Science is the power of Big Data, analyt ics, doctoral research assistants with funding amongst the largest and most highly visualisation and data-centric cognitive in excess of £5m from government and rated for research in the UK (4th in the computing. Since 2013 it has received industry (aerospace, automotive, wind Research Excellence Framework 2014), £172m in government investment plus energy, marine, oil & gas). The Centre also with major strengths in ’Big Data’, artificial £200m from IBM to establish a R&D houses the National Composites intelligence and novel computer programme that will create the next Certification & Evaluation Facility, architectures – including the world- generation of data-intensive systems - serving the short term needs of the leading brain-inspired SpiNNaker bringing people and skills together with industry, which can lead to long term R&D machine. It has an outstanding track- the technology to support business collaboration. The facility generates record of technology transfer, from the developments. The Centre also has a commercial income of £400k p.a. earliest commercial computers to the long-term partnership with Unilever to spinout Transitive’s virtualisation support its R&D processes. STFC Daresbury Laboratory is the central technology built into more than 17m hub for the EPSRC National Facility for computers world-wide. Building on these Jodrell Bank (part of UoM) has been Aberration Corrected STEM or strengths, UoM’s Data Science Institute designated the international SuperSTEM (one of the world’s most brings together over 250 researchers in headquarters of the Square Kilometre powerful scanning transmission electron ‘Big Data’ from across the University, with Array, the largest and most sensitive microscope facilities), which supports strengths in data analytics, machine multi-radio telescope ever to be built. The multidisciplinary research through access learning, statistical inference, numerical project involves over 20 countries and will to cutting-edge instrumentation, algorithms, information management, and provide high resolution images 100 times including electron microscopy and cyber-security (particularly cryptography). faster than the world’s current state-of- spectroscopy, allowing analysis at the UoM is also a lead partner in the N8 High the-art instruments, helping to answer level of single atoms. Performance Computing Centre which fundamental questions in physics. The operates Polaris, one of the 250 most project requires very high performance The Cockcroft Institute at Daresbury powerful computers in the world. central super-computing engines and (UoM with the Universities of Lancaster long-haul links in order to analyse the vast and Liverpool, and STFC’s Accelerator UoM is also bringing together strengths quantity of data generated. It will produce Science and Technology Centre (ASTeC)) across the university in cyber security in data-sets larger than any we currently is the national centre in accelerator recognition of the growth in this area and deal with, pushing innovation in data- science. It offers experti se in the concept, major strengths and opportunities with handling that will flow through from the design, simulation, construction and many local companies in GM. In particular ‘big science’ to industry application, operation of accelerators for major drawing on the university strengths in offering an opportunity to locally exploit science facilities such as the Diamond mathematics, computer science, and the know-how that will be developed. light source at the Harwell Campus in linguistics, which are all crucial for cyber Oxfordshire. Science facilities such as security. The GM Local Growth Fund bid Manchester won a national competition Diamond are a key research tool to included a request for funding for a Cyber in 2015 (£10m from Innovate understand the fundamental properties, Innovation Centre of Excellence which UK/government) for CityVerve, to composition and function of materials at would reinforce the impact of the demonstrate applications of IoT the atomic level. UoM has invested in government’s National Cyber Security technologies in four key smart city areas: guaranteed access to a full beamline at Strategy and exploit GM’s rapidly health and social care, transport, energy Diamond50, which it uses for research expanding tech sector alongside a large and environment within the Corridor spanning material science, biomedicine, financial and professional services sector Manchester Innovation District. CityVerve

50 Diamond Light Source is the UK's national synchrotron science facility, located at the Harwell Science and Innovation Campus in Oxfordshire. 15

is based at MSP Central Campus and has and BP. There is also a significant role in Sheffield Forgemasters and Tata Steel. 22 multi-sector partners led by Cisco and training nationally in the nuclear field. The Centre has dedicated laboratory aims to develop a replicable model for Manchester has the most full-time facilities within DNI, and access to DNI’s other cities, to deliver more personal, academics working on nuclear than in any extensive manufacturing, testing and efficient and flexible products and other part of the UK51. analytical resources, using GM’s expertise services. It will develop technical models in advanced materials to ensure nuclear for hyper-scalable cloud services, real- UoM’s Dalton Nuclear Institute (DNI) reactors are able to withstand extreme time data sharing, and interoperability of (>£100m research income since 2005; conditions. This will be a c ore programme systems and build an IoT business Queen’s Anniversary Prize, 2012) in the new Royce Institute. innovation cluster through the incubator exemplifi es how GM has provided step- and open innova tion programme at MSP. change leadership and investment to UoM also works closely with National Grid, invigorate an important research field. other UK electricity transmission and The establishment of a data-sharing Five years ago, research in civil nuclear distribution network operators on authority, GMConnect, will break down energy within the UK had fallen to an all- research relating to the design and the barriers which stop public services time low along with few nuclear-trained operation of the UK Electricity sharing information. This centre of graduates. Today, DNI offers the largest Transmission and Distribution Systems. excellence will identify patterns of concentration of academic expertise in The National Grid Power Systems behaviour, trends and key relationships the UK, with >300 researchers, and 250 Research Centre, at UoM, houses the to allocate public resources as effectively civil nuclear supply chain companies. largest and best equipped high-voltage as possible. The information will support It has 85 international (HV) laboratory of any UK university (the the integration of health and social care p artners/collaborators, 28 from only HV lab capable of testing equipment in particular, as well as wider reform of industry and government, 22 from for use on the 400kV network). It is used public services, to ensure they are research organisations and 35 from to support ~£7.5m research projects in better connected and treat individuals academia. This includes a major R&D energy network. The £13m Intelligent more holistically. facility at UoM’s Dalton Cumbrian Facility Energy Systems Demonstrator project (holding the world’s highest energy is under construction at Thornton The planned International Screen School dual-beam accelerator system), Science Park. at MMU will bring Science and Creative permitting high-end research into the Innovation together in a new mechanisms and effects of radiation Triangulum is the €25m Horizon 2020 interdisciplinary Higher Education damage to materials. The Centre for project to demonstrate cutting-edge resource, designed and run with industry Nuclear Energy Technology within the smart city technologies and roll them out as partners in learning. Based in Corridor Institute is working with firms to develop across the world, and involves UoM and Manchester, it will create a valuable lynch their capabilities as suppliers to new-build MMU working with Siemens and European pin for activities in the Creative Digital nuclear programmes. collaborators to demonstrate ‘smart Sector and become the generator of a green growth’ to reduce carbon emissions new interdisciplinary talent pipeline that UoM is a founder of the National Nuclear while boosting the economy. €9m will be will benefit the region and beyond. It will Laboratory (NNL), including its flagship invested in Manchester. lead to >150 long-term direct/indirect facility - the Central Laboratory in jobs, and generate a GVA uplift of £13m Sellafield. Once operational in 2018, this The Salford Energy House (£12m per annum - providing places for 2,000 will provide a full suite of nuclear research income), at UoS, is the only full- students over three years, with more than technology services making it the most scale building in an environmental over 100 apprenticeships annually; as well advanced nuclear research facility in the chamber in Europe, and the only full-scale as supporting 100 start-ups and SMEs world - including the commissioning of test facility in a controlled environment in across the creative and digital health pluto nium laboratories and high active the world. It aims to improve the energy sectors per annum. alpha/beta/gamma cells. efficien cy of hard to treat buildings in collaboration with industry. This includes Assets - energy Nuclear physics is also one of three core the development and testing of new GMCE have a strong heritage in atomic strengths of the research base at Sci- materials, systems and products and research, building on the pioneering work Tech Daresbury (see Chapter 4). The studying human behaviour change of scientists such as Dalton and STFC Council Nuclear Physics Group associated with the adoption of energy Rutherford. Current local scientific there supports research in nuclear efficiency measures in the home. It excellence lies in nuclear fuel; reactor physics and applied projects in medical complements GM strengths in the design and construction; plant life and security imaging. development of advanced materials for management; decommissioning and use across the built environment. Key radioactive waste characterisation; non- UoM and Sheffield University lead the partners include the Department of proliferation and medicine. Strategic Nuclear Advanced Manufacturing Energy and Clima te Change (now BEIS), partnerships include the National Nuclear Research Centre (NAMRC) with Rolls- GMCA, Danfoss, Siemens, Honeywell, Laboratory, EDF Energy, Amec Foster Royce as lead industrial partner (£25m Saint Gobain and Stelrad. Wheeler, Rolls-Royce, National Grid, from government). Other founding Siemens, Arup, Electricity North West, partners include Areva, Westinghouse,

51 “A review of the Civil Nuclear R&D Landscape in the UK” (BIS/DRCC) 2013. 16

Assets - industrial biotechnology 2.2 Since 2013, UoS has delivered its UoM has grant income in industrial SCIENCE AND Broadcast Engineer Degree biotechnology of >£100m, and INNOVATION TALENT Apprenticeship to 60 apprentices partnerships with leading companies employed by the BBC56. It will launch its including GSK, Shell, Unilever and Pfizer to In GM we are embarking upon an ambitious Chartered Surveyor Degree drive the creation of new bio-based set of reforms to our work and skills system Apprenticeship in 2016. The GMCA, via chemicals. The work with GSK involves in order to increase productivity and grow the Greater Manchester Apprenticeship leading Europe’s largest public-private the economy. Employers will be at the Hub, is also cu rrently funding a project partnership on manufacturing sustainable heart of the system, incentivised to invest which aims to generate interest in careers pharmaceuticals, CHEM21, bringing in and utilise the skills of their workforce. in science amongst young people, together six pharmaceutical companies, Developing higher level skills is a particular stimulate the offer of high-quality 13 Un iversities and four SMEs (€26m over priority. This aims to ensure there is a apprenticeships amongst industry four years). The work with Shell will seamless system where young people and employers, and to develop provider harness the power of synthetic biology to adults routinely progress to achieve degree capacity within GM. propel chemicals/natural products level skills and improves levels of graduate production towards more sustainable retention. Education and skills manufacturing processes. GM has identified that it needs an Human capital and talent education and skills system that delivers The Manchester Institute of GM’s four universities together generated the higher level and technical skills Biotechnology (MIB) at UoM is one of almost 20,000 first-degree graduates needed to drive the productivity of our Europe’s leading industry facing research (STEM and non-STEM) in 2013/1452. GM key growth secto rs. The quality of facilities. It focuses on green and highly contributes to 7% of UK’s doctorates Careers, Education, Information, Advice efficient manufacture of industrials overall, and almost 8% of England’s STEM and Guidance (CEIAG) must radically chemicals, bio- and second-generation doctorates (11,000 students). The improve to ensure that young people and fuels, with research covering atomic, universities have over a million alumni their parents/teachers understand the molecular, systems, and organism levels. across the world, and are in contact with a range of education, training and It houses 500 multidisciplinary very large proportion, many of whom are employment opportunities available and researchers, and over the last decade has in prominent positions in business, are able to make informed choices about had more than 2,800 publications, universities or governments. In STEM their future career. CEIAG will link young produced eight spin-out companies and subjects, there are a total of ~43,000 people’s aspirations with labour market supported 51 patents. It collaborates with students in GM (~32000 undergraduates opportunities stimulating demand in key over 500 research partners in more than and ~11000 postgraduates). areas of economic growth eg STEM, and 65 countries. life sciences. Apprenticeships UoM hosts SYNBIOCHEM at MIB, a Through the GM apprenticeship Clear vocational pathways for 16-19 year UK/European Centre of Excellence (£10m strategy53, we are developing an approach olds are also needed - in line with the BBSRC/EPSRC) for the synthetic biology to significantly increase the number and government’s Post-16 Skills Plan of fine and speciality chemicals quality of apprenticeships delivered. published in July 2016, alongside the production (including new products and Ensuring a substantial increase in the independent review of professional and intermediates for drug development, number of degree and higher level technical education led by Lord Sainsbury. agrochemical and new materials for apprenticeships in GM’s growth sectors is After undertaking a broad and balanced sustainable bio-manufacturing), with 52 of particular importance. curriculum until age 16, young people with lead MIB investigators. follow either an academic or technical During 2014/15, over 1,000 digital route . The academic route is already well The Centre of Excellence in Biocatalysis, apprentices started in GM workplaces regarded with universities sitting at the Biotransformations and Biocatalytic across six frameworks and digital heart of the local skills ecosystem but we Manufacture has its core research facility standards. In 2015, MMU launched its must ensure that technical education is of at UoM and focuses on biocatalysis, Digital and Technology Degree the highest quality, leading to progression looking in particular at engineering Apprenticeship programme54. The into skilled employment. Young people enzymes to synthesis new and specific programme combines a focus on following the technical option will molecules; whole cell biotransformations technical computing skills with units on undertake 1 of 15 routes covering for rapid access to high-value fine business and enterprise. The first cohort college-based and employment-based chemicals; and biomimetic chemistry. It of 60 apprentices included employees education (apprenticeships) equipping works alongside a biocatalytic engineering from twelve organisations (Barclays, individuals with the technical knowledge consortium to link together a wider set Astra Zeneca, Lloyds, and Thales and a and practical skills valued by industry. of universities. range of regional SMEs). MMU also has further higher and degree level apprenticeships in delivery in Chemical Science55.

51 “A review of the Civil Nuclear R&D Landscape in the UK” (BIS/DRCC) 2013. 54 http://www2.mmu.ac.uk/apprenticeships/students/digital--technology-solutions/ 52 “Mapping local comparative advantages in innovation. BIS (2015) 55 http://www.mmu.ac.uk/news/news-items/2187/ 53http://neweconomymanchester.com/our-work/skills-employment/gm- 56http://www.salford.ac.uk/news1/university-of-salford -apprentice-wins-bbc- apprenticeship-hub accolade 17 3 Excellence in science and research

Rankings, Research Excellence In a citation analysis based on publications UoM’s submission of researchers in Framework (REF) and research outputs containing health innovation keywords, electronic engineering, metallurgy and In the most recent international university UoM ranked 6th among Russell Group materials represented 9% of the UK’s REF ranking tables UoM rose from 41st to universities in the produ ction of top 10% submissions and hosts almost 10% of the 35th in the world in the Academic most-cited papers (335 publications). It is strongest resear chers in the areas across Ranking of World Universities, and from 6th in England for Medical Research the UK. For aeronautical, mechanical, 33rd to 29th in the QS rankings. The latest Council awards and the only university chemical and manufacturing engineering Nature review of improvement in research outside the South East in the MRC Group it has 5% of the UK total. UoM also leads ranked UoM 18th globally, and 2nd in 1 Universities (>4% of MRC total annual the world in graphene citations and is Western Europe57. spends). It has >£300m in current live amongst the world leaders in carbon awards in health. capture and storage. The Audit area contains 4 HEIs and 19 FCEs58. The area locally accounts for UoM and MMU have among the highest The materials group at MMU was named 4% of the UK’s REF-submitted university concentrations of research excellence in in the world top 10 (out of 3,000) in 2014 researchers. On research power the UoM allied health research in the UK60. 100% of by Thomson Reuters on the basis of was ranked 5th in the UK (83% of research the impact of MMU’s research in health citations (25,000)61. Areas of expertise activity world-leading or internationally was rated as internationally excellent and include antim icrobial anti-adhesive excellent), and 92% of the impact was above. Since 2008, MMU has invested surfaces, additive graphene ranked outstanding and of very over £150m in capital projects to support manufacturing and 3D printed batteries considerable reach and significance. health research, and is the top ‘new’ and supercapacitors. university for power of health research. Citation evidence of excellence is MMU is using its recognised strengths as Citations in fast-growth presented for each of the areas59. a vehicle to develop new approaches to opportunity areas the integration of health and social care. In our fast-growth opportunity areas, Health innovation UoM is consistently in the UK’s top group In health, the combined result of all health Advanced materials both by volume of academic publications disciplines ranked UoM 5th in the UK for Citation analysis of publications with / share of the top 10% most cited papers research power in medical sciences, the keywords co rresponding to the EPSRC (energy 3rd/3rd; industrial biotechnology highest-ranking institution outside the strategy for advanced materials showed 4th/5th and digital 5th/6th). South East. UoM is particularly strong in UoM as producing the second highest allied health professions, dentistry, number of publications in the top 10% nursing and pharmacy; ranked 1st in most cited (171) among Russell Group the UK. universities, and the highest proportion of top decile papers.

57 http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v535/n7613_supp/full/535S49a.html 58 Underlying data for local growth 2013-14. Higher Education and local growth. HEFCE (2015). 59 Scopus SciVal data for UoM ranked versus Russell Group comparators based on keyword field definitions 60 Research Excellence Framework (REF) 2014 61 http://sciencewatch.com/sites/sw/files/sw-article/media/worlds-most-influential-scientific- minds-2014.pdf 18 4 Innovation

Background activities within the last three years. Of In this section we review the main GMCE’s key differentiating opportunities the 80% of GM firms that had engaged in business presence in each sector and for growth, compared with other UK Innovative activity in the last three years, identify the key assets oriented to the locations, is the proximity of major assets the majority had invested in new support of innovation. We also review the in other sectors (eg digital industries and machinery/plant, additional ICT capacity for commercialisation of new the dense concentration of professional equipment or additional software. Beyond technologies through place-based services) and the concentration of identifying businesses engaging in facilities, university technology transfer research and innovation assets within innovative activities in GM, the GM survey and business support. Illustrative case Corridor Manchester and into MSP’s also compares the profile of these studies are embedded. Alderley Park. This inter-relationship innovative firms with non-innovative between sectors will be a major driver of firms. The findings revealed that Place assets / National growth and innovation. There are slightly “innovation active” companies in GM are Enterprise Zones more firms in CE engaged in product or more likely to have reported increased Four government Enterprise Zones process innovation compared to the turnover, employment and exports in the across the loc ality provide tax relief for England average (26%), with a higher last 12 months, compared with non- small businesses, allowing all business average proportion of turnover from innovation firms. rates growth within the zone to be product or process innovation (28%)62. retained and reinvested to support the Nevertheless, we need to do more to Innovative firms also tend to record local economic priorities and ensure that ensure that we realise the full potential of greater levels of confidence about both Enterprise Zone growth is enjoyed locally. our assets to drive innovation and future turnover and employment growth, The zones are especially tied to commercialise our research locally. 52% and were more likely to access finance. developing our local science assets: of companies in the NW across all secto rs They are also are more likely to be aware are ’innovation active’; an increase from of, and have taken advantage of, local Sci-Tech Daresbury has over 1,200 42% in 2013, and are broadly in line with business support programmes, and to people on-site including >400 scientists the England average (54%) in terms of have used R&D tax incentives. However, working in fields including accelerator improving goods/ services or replacing significant barriers to innovation remain, science, high-performance computing, outdated products/ processes63. The level with 30% of firms in the GM survey simulation and data analytics and sensors of business R&D expenditure per person reported barriers to growing innovation. and detectors. It operates large-scale in CE (£2716) is one of the highest The main challenges identified were lack facilities used by many UK universities and nationally (2013). of finance to support innovation, lack the increasingly to industrial companies (eg in-house knowledge and skills to develop IBM, Unilever, Bentley Motors, and BAE As part of the GM Business Survey and manage innovation; and, lack of Systems). It includes STFC Daresbury 201464, local businesses were asked knowledge of funding available to Laboratory, The Hartree Centre, the whether they had engaged in innovative support innovation. Virtual Engineering Centre, Cockcroft

62 Technopolis Data (see Annex B) 63 BIS: “Headline findings from the UK Innovation Survey 2015”, March 2016. 64 http://neweconomymanchester.com/media/1453/final-gm-business-survey-report-2014.pdf 19

Institute and over 100 high-tech associated with ‘MediPark’, a new validating new technologies for testing companies employing over 500 people in development linked to one of GM’s major potential diagnostics and medicines areas such as advanced engineering, hospitals, which also benefits from the ahead of human trials. This national digital/ICT, biomedical and energy and proximity of Manchester Airport. An Catapult will grow the UK’s commercial environmental technologies, varying from £800m expansion of Manchester Airport medicines discovery capability to improve start-up companies to more mature is currently underway in order to create productivity in drug development and SMEs to international corporates such as ’Airport City’ (offices, hotels and logistics), approval. This is complemented by the IBM and Lockheed Martin. About one in in partnership with the Beijing MedTech Centre Incubator based at six are global multinational companies. Construction Engineeri ng Group. MSP’s central campus and which contains office and dry-lab facilities. It will Corridor Manchester is home to an Health innovation assets also link to the Precision Medicine exceptional group of knowledge-intensive In terms of business clustering, there Catapult at the University of Cambridge organisations and businesses. The area were ~260 companies operating within through the UoM which is a recognised has consistently generated ~ 20% of the the biomedical sector in GM in 2015, ‘spoke’ of this Catapult. city’s GVA, employing over 63,000 people employing 8,777 people. GM is home to within this large scientific and digital 40% of all pharmaceutical, and community, with over half these in biotechnology companies and contract Case study: knowledge-related sectors, and an research organisations companies in the anticipated 14,000 additional jobs by NW. The GM sub-cluster maintains a Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) 2025. The area offers co-location strong offering across the whole range of opportunities for companies to access competencies with particular strengths in The AMR Research Centre at Alderley university research, the largest hospital in biote chnology, CROs, diagnostics, Park is a major new facility to support the region, laboratories, incubation and analytics, medical technologies, and the development of new antibiotics grow-on space with the additional benefit healthcare companies. Calculated GVA and diagnostics via an integrated of Enterprise Zone status for two sites for the GM biomedical sector core development capability. It has major within the Innovation District. More than companies is £245m65. international funding, and with UK 70,000 students study in the area, with government support, will become a 25,000 of these studying engineering, The range of companies in our region world leader in AMR66. medicine, computer science and biological encompasses global pharmaceutical sciences. The next ten years is a decade of companies (eg Actavis, AstraZeneca, The Centre will be a major partner in opportunity for the Corridor Manchester Bristol-Myers Squibb, Medtonic, the new international Combating area, with over £2.6bn investment planned Sanofi-Aventis, Teva); a significant Antibiotic Resistance Bacteria up to 2025. The Corridor Manchester analytical and healthcare presence Biopharmaceutical Accelerator – partnership has been in operation almost (eg Waters, Unilever, Thermo Fisher, CARB-X. The Centre is expected to ten years and enhances economic growth Hologic, Qiagen Manchester, Advanced receive funding up to US$14m in year through collaboration, leveraging assets Medical Solutions); growing biotech one and $100m in total over five years. and catalysing innovation. companies (eg C4X Discovery, Epistem, The Wellcome Trust will also contribute Redx Pharma, Cyprotex, Premaitha funding. This will allow the Centre to Cheshire Science Corridor was awarded Health); and many other spin-out and focus £175m in total on helping SMEs Enterprise Zone status in 2016, and start-up companies. progress R&D in support of clinical trials encompasses many interconnected to address the global challenge of AMR. assets in advanced scientific analysis and MAHSC is working in partnership with research, pharmaceuticals R&D, Northwest e-Health and Hitachi to test The Medicines Discovery Catapult which pharmaceuticals manufacturing, chemical new technologies in health informatics to is based at Alderley Park will contribute engineering, energy and nuclear deliver new services for the NHS. Hitachi to the AMR agenda by developing new engineering, radio-astrophysics and has established its European Big Data approaches for the discovery and early astronomy; including Capenhurst Laboratory at Citylabs to start proof-of- development of new medicines. Several Technology Park, Thornton Science Park, concept projects for improving healthcare businesses at Alderley Park are already Birchwood Park’s Nuclear and Forensics using informatics (see below under working on developing new antibiotics, Clusters, and MSP’s Alderley Park. Digital assets). as part of a worldwide drive to find more effective treatments, for example, Redx Airport City Enterprise Zone is a Innovation support institutions, include Anti-Infectives Ltd. Corridor 5m sq.ft. site development and involves a the national Medicines Discovery Manchester will reinforce this activity - significant new business destination in Catapult (£5m initially from Innovate UK), including innovative work underway at the area immediately adjacent to the based at Alderley Park, which will support UoM to consider the development of airport’s terminals and ground transport industry to develop new technologies for new antimicrobial surface coatings interchange. Complementing this will be the preclinical evaluation of medicines. It using graphene. health and biotech-related research and will operate at the earliest stages of development, and training facilities medicines development, developing and

65 Bionow, “Biomedical Cluster Mapping Update for GM 2002-14”, January 2015. 66 http://cheshireeast.gov.uk/council_and_democracy/council_information/media_hub/media_releases/cheshire-east-joins-international-fight-against-antibiotic- resistance.aspx 20

Citylabs 1.0 (MSP) is a commercial R&D development in composites, graphene within the aerospace sector facility for healthcare and medical energy, solution formulations and working with the ATI and a number of technologies with 120,000 sq.ft. of office coatings, electronics, and membranes. businesses in the aerospace supply and laboratory space in the heart of the It has received £30m from the chain, many of which are based in the CMFT campus. Citylabs brings together Abu-Dhabi based renewable energy region. They have produced a first business with the NHS and universities to firm Masdar focused on the deployment prototype graphene-winged accelerate innovation and growth in this of clean technologies68. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle which leading healthcare and medical achieved its first flight at the technologies cluster. Plans for Citylabs The new £235m Sir Henry Royce Farnborough International Airshow in 2.0 and 3.0 are already well developed (an Institute for Materials Research and July 2016, and are looking to develop a investment of £60m will bring in £100m Innovation will bring science together graphene aerospace strategy and GVA and create 750 jobs)67. with business application to address programme of work to start in 2017. societal challenges. It will encompass The development has potential for spin Advanced materials assets 14 areas of materials research across four out into other sec tors69. Businesses involved in the development themes – energy, engineering, functional and fabrication of advanced materials are and soft materials. The hub is based in mainly linked to the advanced UoM, with ‘spokes’ at the Universities of UoM, MMU, Manchester School of Art, manufacturing sector, with links to Sheffield, Leeds, Liverpool, Cambridge, University of Bolton and UoS collectively neighbouring geography in Sheffield and Oxford and Imperial College London. This represent one of the largest Lancashire. There remains significant work is particularly supported by the concentrations of teaching and research investment by Siemens in GM focused on institute’s excellent imaging capability. into advanced textiles in the world. For industry automation and drive The National Nuclear Laboratory and the example, the Institute for Materials technologies, low voltage activities and Culham Centre for Fusion Energy are also Research and Innovation at Bolton leads building technologies. There are a number key partners – recognising the need to applied materials science working to grow of smaller electronic designers and test materials to withstand extreme SMEs around the development of contract manufacturers (including semi- conditions for applications such as designer materials at the micro/ nano conductors) such as Zetex and Ferranti, as nuclear new build. level in areas such as medical devices, well as a legacy of mass spectrometry biosensors, diagnostic devices, and businesses. TBA Electro Conductive The Manchester Engineering Campus energy fibres. It will operate out of the new Products Ltd in Rochdale is one of the first Development (£350m capital investment £13m STEM building from 2017 in a firms in the world to develop a product from UoM) at UoM will bring together facility designed to significantly accelerate containing graphene through a sprayable research, teaching, expertise and facilities SME Innovation and product transparent conductive coating aimed at of four schools and two research institutes development. Additionally, the textiles the food, electronics, pharmaceuticals and into a single engineering campus, along industry concentration in GM is almost petrochemicals sectors. with space to host industrial partners three times the national average. Major (76,000m2 floor space, 1,300 staff local firms involved in Medical Textiles UoM is the hub for the £65m BP members, 6,700 students). This will be include Tamicare, Sterling Non-wovens, International Centre for Advanced adjacent to NGI and the Royce Institute. and Lantor UK. Tamicare has used R&D to Materials (BP-ICAM), which leads The co-location of a range of engineering develop the world's first-ever technology advanced materials research into fuels for disciplines facilitates collaborative inter- for creating 3D print finished textile the oil and gas industry by feeding disciplinary working to tackle complex products (bringing together digital with research back into business operations, engineering problems and best prepares materials technology). understanding impacts around safety, students for careers in industry. reliability and performance. It has seen a Digital assets footfall of over 500 BP personnel since At Sci-Tech Daresbury, the Virtual opening, and four senior BP staff are Case Study: Engineering Centre is the UK’s leading permanently on site in ICAM’s on-site centre for virtual engineering technology campus office. Satellite centres include Aerospace Technology Institute (ATI) integration for commercial applications. the University of Cambridge, Imperial This allows firms to develop and test College London and the University of The NGI and the University of Central virtual prototypes, therefore conducting Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Lancashire (UCLan) Engineering R&D more quickly and cheaply than would Innovation Centre is partnering with ordinarily be possible, and accelerating the In addition to NGI, which is now fully engineering and advanced materials route to market. Key industry partners operational, several world-class support initiatives and facilities in GM and include JLR, Bentley Motors, Aston Martin institutions are under construction. The Lancashire to promote progression in and SME BAC Ltd, Schlumberger, £60m GEIC (UoM, open in 2018) will bring skills and technology development in Sellafield (energy), and Hitachi Rail 2D/graphene products closer to market the aerospace sector. UoM and UCLan (transport). At Sci-Tech Daresbury there is by focusing on pi lot production and are developing a national technology a growing cluster of businesses focused characterisation, with application road-map for the exploitation of around data-centric technologies.

67 http://bruntwood.co.uk/news/citylabs-expansion-announced/ 68 http://www.manchester.ac.uk/discover/news/new-60m-engineering-innovation-centre-to-be-based-in-manchester 69 http://www.graphene.manchester.ac.uk/latest/?archive=twelvemonths&id=16957 21

MediaCityUK in Salford (GM) is the largest GM has a cluster of strengths around Birchwood represents a significant cluster purpose-built media location in Europe cyber security, which is recognised as a of nuclear-related industry and expertise, (2,600 BBC staff including the base of Tier 1 threat to national security, costing especially around design engineering. This Connected Studios, the BBC’s digital R&D the UK economy an estimated £27bn includes NNL facilities which lead on arm); ITV; UoS, and a University Technical annually in things such as fraud, extortion, modelling and simulation, engineering, and College (teaching DCI and intellectual property and data theft. This is environmental management, and the Entrepreneurship) and over 250 complemented by supporting strategic Nuclear Engineering Design Centre for businesses. It also houses the largest HD strengths in FinTech and the Internet of Sellafield Ltd which reinforces local supply studio complexes in Europe. The Sharp Things. NCC Group (FTSE 250) is chain linkages. Other nuclear-related firms Project in East Manchester (200 sq.ft) headquartered in Manchester and employs include Rolls-Royce Nuclear, Atkins, Amec hosts >60 digital entrepreneurs and over 1,800 people worldwide. It is at the Foster Wheeler, AREVA, and ACEOM – production companies specialising in forefront of the fight for better cyber with expertise across new build, plant life digital content production, digital media security. GM also houses the offices of extension and decommissioning. AMCE’s and TV and film production. The Space global companies such as Raytheon, BAE Nuclear Analytical Services Laboratory is Project in Gorton (360k sq.ft) has facilities Systems and Qinetiq, while UoM has Europe’s largest commercial for large-scale TV and film production. significant activities in cyberphysical radiochemical analysis laboratory and has systems and self-defending networks. a new High Temperature R&D Facility at MSP’s central campus on Corridor Other key components of the burgeoning the site for testing materials used in Manchester has >80 digital technology cyber community include Barclays Rise and nuclear reactors. Other key sites for companies employing >1,500 people the soon to be launched ‘The Vault’, aimed nuclear include Springfields Fuels (nuclear including many university spin-outs such exclusively at FinTech and cyber security fuel production) near Preston; Capenhurst as Telecity, and local scale-up companies companies. In addition there are significant Nuclear Services Limited near Chester; (Metronet (UK), ANS Group). It also hosts public sector initiatives driving co- and Redhall Nuclear in Cumbria. Hitachi’s European branch of Hitachi’s ordinated data sharing which will rely on, Global Centre for Innovative Analytics at and support developments in, the high the European Big Data Laboratory with levels of cyber security. Case study: strong links to the US, as well as the Cisco CREATE UK R&D team. The campus is the Concentrations of technology/ digital NuGen HQ of Innovate UK’s CityVerve IoT’s City business activity in CE are centred in Demonstrator which is developing a Macclesfield and Wilmslow . A review of NuGen is a UK nuclear joint venture business innovation cluster in the areas of sub-sectors by the Skills and Growth between Toshiba and ENGIE (formerly IoT and Smart Cities along with Cisco’s Mi- company in CE identified particular GDF SUEZ) – scaling up to employ IDEA innovation centre to provide scale-up strengths in IT and software, advertising, ~300 people by 201873. Its Moorside support to digital innovation businesses. and design. It has major global companies, project in Cumbria (potentially £10- 80% of which are SMEs. The Siemens 15bn) will develop a new generation GMCE and Sci-Tech Daresbury together Digital Factory at Congleton supplies nuclear power station of up to 3.8 form a major business cluster in the digital >1.2m variable speed drives into 78 Gwatt. The reactors will use and technology sector. Around 33,000 countries. It has also adopted virtual Westinghouse AP1000 technology and people are employed in the digital sector reality technology – with Siemens’ 3D will come online from the mid-2020s, locally, contributing just over £2bn GVA cave helping it test product, work station delivering enough low carbon p.a.70, with an additional equivalent and factor y layout concepts in the virtual electricity to power up to 6m homes. number in tech jobs71. Prominent business world before making them a reality72. 14,000 to 21,000 jobs will be created sectors are around EdTech, digital Daresbury and MSP’s central campus are over the lifetime of the project (from advertising and marketing, FinTech, and additionally a growth point for the cluster development to decommissioning). e-commerce. Significant firms include of digital businesses which are growing up Apadmi, Cisco, Hitachi, Siemens, TalkTalk, around the Hartree Centre and IoT city NuGen has moved its UK headquarters UKFast, and Zen Internet. CE has more demonstrator respectively. from London to Manchester, than 2,000 creative digital businesses offering the opportunity to develop (5,000 employees), with a mix of Energy assets strong industrial relationships with established multinationals and innovative Key energy companies headquartered local companies, and draw upon SMEs, including the £1bn turnover locally include Electricity North West, local academic excellence in company Cloud Imperium, McCann, United Utilities, Certas Energy and Nuvia, nuclear research. Mobica and Think Positive. Barclays’ UK Schneider Electric, Boulting Group, EA Global Technology Centre (employs 4000) Technologies and Oliver Valves. Siemens’ focuses on developing new FinTech site in Congleton develops and supplies Industrial biotechnology assets technologies and applications, and drive technology for use in hybrid buses, MSP BioHub Incubator at Alderley Park is supporting new technologies through wind turbines and many other applications. a life science incubator which provides ‘FinTech accelerators’. office/ lab space with access to chemical and biological facilities, and virtual

70 Greater Manchester Forecasting Model, 2015 71 Tech Nation 2016. 72 Unlocking our potential, NWBLT, 2014 22

workspace to allow scientists and small for the value of research contracts with Environments; Health and Wellbeing; Sport; teams (who may not yet be ready to take UK companies over a two-year period75 and Digital and Creative. They bring on the costs of rented physical space) to and consistently in the top 5 for all together academics, students, industry and benefit from being part of the community industrial engagement. It has a series of communities, to create transdisciplinary of over 90 incubator businesses. strategic partnerships with major UK and technology-enabled environments companies, most of whom have a strong (physical, virtual and remote). There is an important cluster of regional presence. The depth of biotechnology businesses in the region partnership is illustrated by the fact that UoS was ranked 5th nationally for its include Ai2 Absynth Biologics, Blueberry the University has the highest number of activities with SMEs in the Witty Review Therapeutics, Carbogen Amcis, co-authored papers with Unilever and (2013), working with 3,700 companies in Conformetrix, Oxyrane, C4X Discovery, Syngenta, the second highest with Astra the three years of the review. It assists in Evgen, Epistem, F2G, Gentronix, Imagen Zeneca (after work with its Swedish the creation of over 50 student start-up Biotech, Intercytex Medicine, Molplex counterpart), the National Grid and EDF companies p.a. with >100 student start- Pharmaceuticals and Thermo Fisher energy, and is in the top 5 for several more ups still active. It has a portfolio of 10 Scientific. Local spin-outs include C4X, (Scopus data). spin-out firms76. PharmaKure, PeptiGel Design, and Spectromics working on AMR. 1,800 UoM’s commercialisation subsidiary, Science parks and incubators people are employed locally through UMI3, produces ~400 invention Manchester Science Partnerships is the AstraZeneca - 800 in a significant R&D disclosures p.a., manages a portfolio of 28 largest science and technology park facility developing new medicines in spin-outs, has 100 inventions licensed in operator in the UK, providing Macclesfield, most of which will remain the past four years, and holds the UK’s infrastructure and innovation ecosystem after AstraZeneca’s R&D relocation to largest portfolio of graphene patents. to support the commercialisation of R&D Cambridge. The region includes Commercialisation via UMI3 is and help companies to grow. It has 300 AstraZene ca’s largest pharmaceutical consistently ranked in the top four in UK in science and technology companies development team in the UK, with a £63m terms of viable spin-outs. UoM’s across its 2m sq. ft. portfolio, with the Pharmaceutical Development laboratory, Intellectual Property Premier Fund has majority of firms it supports engaged in complemented by AZ’s biggest invested £32m in late-seed, clean-tech, life sciences, and in Digital and Creative pharmaceutical manufacturing site in the materials and medical technologies Industries. MSP is a partnership business UK, linking together innovation with the ventures. Examples of healthcare start- established to grow the city’s knowledge production of goods. ups include Bioxydin (oxygen enhanced economy with shareholding split between magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Manchester universities, local authorities, biomarkers), Epistem (adult stem cells in NHS and private sector. Case study: oncology and commercialisation of a tuberculosis test), Spectromics (fast point Sci-Tech Daresbury is a national science Waters Corporation of prescription test to guide use of and innovation campus, with over 400 antibiotics), and C4X Discovery (Nuclear scientists in fields including materials and The Waters Corporation in Wilmslow Magnetic Resonance (NMR) technology- digital. It has 100 high tech companies aims to enhance collaboration and based design and drug development employing >600 people and has drive innovation in mass spectrometry company). The spin-out Phagenesis was developed c100 new products and - from pharmaceuticals to food sa fety. recently the subject of a high profile sale services in 2015 alone. STFC’s healthcare, Waters recently announced it had to Nestle health-care. innovation-focused Medical Technology acquired Rapid Evaporative Ionisation Exchange Centre (MedTech) in particular Mass Spectrometry technology to MMU generated 72 new business starts - brings together expertise from STFC, investigate application in surgery, for 2013-14 and in 2016 was ranked 7th the NHS and other related fields. which could provide surgeons with nationally for the number of Knowledge diagnostic information about the Transfer Partnerships it has created - an Local incubator space include the UoM tissue they are cutting into in real example is the work with the Stockport- Manchester Incubator R&D centre (87k time74. Elsewhere, the Waters Open based logistics company, ServicePower, to sq.ft.) combines lab/office facilities for Access Analytics Lab (at Alderley Park) use expertise in digital and develop a biotech start-ups, R&D satellites from will offer state of the art liquid quantum computing programme that can pharmaceutical companies and service chromatography, mass spectrometry optimise the fastest routes for vehicle based companies; The Shed at MMU and informatics technologies to delivery. brings together start-up businesses, support the pharmaceutical and life digital research and teaching while science industries. The Industry Collaboration Zones (ICZs) at partnering the business incubation unit, UoS are part of a £100m 5-year Innospace (since 2007 it has supported investment; £12m committed. ICZs are >350 new businesses to create 500 new University innovation partnerships based around existing industry jobs); Barclays Rise in central GM (second UoM has an exceptional level of partnerships and areas of research across site in the UK) is part of a global engagement with business, ranking top four sectors: Engineering and community to bring start-ups together to

73 http://nugeneration.com/ 76 Such as Salfordinsole (foot orthotic products) which has led to the sale of more 74 http://www.waters.com/waters/library.htm?locale=en_PH&lid=134912089 than 50,000 pairs of orthoses to the NHS. 75 HESA data for 2013/14 and 2014/15 23

Figure 1: Innovation from start to finish in GMCE 24

share knowledge and to support the InnovateUK funding development of the financial services Between 2002 and 2016, Innovate UK sector (particularly fin-tech and digital) in provided £80.8m of grant funding to 770 GM with over 60 start-ups and is closely projects in GM. The majority of projects connected to the Barclays UK technology are based in Manchester and are HQ in Knutsford. The space also hosts academic research projects77. hundreds of events for the Manchester tech community and runs hackathons to Beyond traditional grant funding, Innovate support the development of new digital UK has also supported 769 live or products for the Barclays platform. MSPs completed Knowledge Transfer specialist incubat ors include the MedTech Partnerships (KTPs) with companies in Centre and Mi IDEA digital innovation the North West. This has been to the centre within the Corridor campus, and value of £8.2m (2010-16). Of these, 409 the BioHub incubator at Alderley Park. are partnered with MMU (172), UoM (146) and Salford (91). The KTPs, covering a Business Growth Hubs range of areas of research, predominantly and business schools within the key sectors of advanced The Business Growth Hub (part of the materials, bioscience, medicine and Manchester Growth Company) is working healthcare, and electronics. with partners to respond to the challenge of increasing investment in research and Research & development tax credits innovation in GM through improving HMRC R&D tax credits are designed to access to expertise and facilities, including encourage greater R&D spending, leading within the university base. It is working in turn to greater investment in jointly with the four universities and MSP innovation. They work by reducing a to simplify access to their expertise and company's tax bill by an amount equal to a facilities by providing the support of percentage of the company's allowable business development roles embedded in R&D expenditure. The data for firms in the each and working as part of a coordinated North West of England (lowest area Innovation Service. Funded jointly the available) shows a total of £130m claimed roles will actively facilitate relationships in 2016, up 24% on the previous year. The between Innovation Advisors in the Hubs, North West is fifth in the UK rankings in businesses and those faculties with 2016 on R&D tax credit claims, behind appropriate expertise, helping to build London, South East £410m, East of business confidence and overcome the England £250m, and the West Midlands barriers to collaboration, which can hold £180m. Data on the Patent Box Tax relief back innovation and the benefits of longer also shows a marked difference in term relationships. companies claiming relief, with the North West making up just 1% of the UK CE has established the Skills and compared to London 57%. The GM Growth Company, which has an Business Survey asked respondents integrated model to stimulate the growth about awareness and uptake of R&D tax and productivity of major corporates and credits. Research by New Economy led to SMEs in high growth and priority sectors some key findings which indicated that including digital, life sciences, energy and firms were experiencing barriers to uptake advanced manufacturing. of the credits. This included not properly understanding R&D tax credits, not being The region’s business schools are playing of the view that they will necessarily help a growing role in fuelling entrepreneurship the business, being unsure whether the and enterprise in the region through their firm qualifies for them, or finding them training activities. Alliance Manchester too complex to implement78. Business School is directly engaging in action research with the sectors addressed in the Audit, including collaborative projects with the NGI, MIB and in Health devolution.

77 Available at https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/innovate-uk-funded-projects 78 http:/neweconomymanchester.com/media/1453/final-gm-business-survey-report-2014.pdf 25 5 National and international engagement

There are several significant national and international collaborations and partnerships around science and research in our areas of strength involving partners in GMCE. Some examples are given in the table overleaf. It is not, however, intended as an exhaustive list of all activity. 26

Table 1: Examples of national and international collaboration

Asset / project National partners Asset / project International partners

Health Innovation

Northern Health Science NHS and research Manchester Integrating 1st International Affiliate of Alliance (NHSA) organisations in GM and Medicine and Innovative the Consortia for Improving Durham, Lancaster, Leeds, Technology (MIMIT) Medicine with Innovation Liverpool, Newcastle, and Technology (CIMIT) Sheffield, York and Hull

Connected Health Cities NHSA + partners across National AMR Research Combating Antibiotic north of England & Development Centre Resistance Bacteria Biopharmaceutical Accelerator (CARB-X)

National Centre Peking University for Genomics Hitachi’s Global Centre for US and Japan Innovative Analytics

Advanced Materials

BP-ICAM Universities of Oxford and BP-ICAM University of Illinois, Cambridge Urbana-Champaign

Sir Henry Royce Institute Universities of Sheffield, EU Graphene Flagship Partners across Leeds, Liverpool, 23 countries Cambridge, Oxford, Imperial College London

Cockcroft Institute Universities of Lancaster NGI Over 40 industrial partners and Liverpool, Diamond from around the world Light Source

Digital

Square Kilometre Array, HeRC/Farr Institute Dundee, Swansea, UCL Over 20 countries Jodrell Bank

Energy

National Nuclear Laboratory Cumbria Triangulum Eindhoven and Stavanger (NNL)

Nuclear Advanced University of Sheffield Dalton Nuclear Institute 85 international partners Manufacturing including Rolls-Royce, Research Centre Sellafield, Amec Foster Wheeler, NNL etc.

Industrial Biotechnology

Manchester Institute of Including Chinese Academy Manchester Institute of Collaborations with over Biotechnology Sciences (Beijing), ETH Biotechnology 500 institutions in over (Switzerland), Institution of 65 countries Public Health (Belgium) 27 6 International developments in science and technology

Our core strengths and opportunities services need to be tailored to serve the technologies market (estimated £17bn) is relate closely to the government’s ‘eight specific needs of customers in different set to grow.79 There is a huge opportunity great technologies’. These are areas parts of the world. It is also important to for advanced materials, physical sciences where the UK can lead the world based on acknowledge that by their nature and informatics/digital to meet health analysis of the UK’s scientific and strengths in digital and advanced needs. For example, customised business capabilities: Big Data and materials are cross-cutting and provide an biomate rials responsive to the body and energy-efficient computing; satellites “enabling” function. its injuries will provide effective and long and commercial applications of space; lasting personalised treatments. Health robotics and autonomous systems; In 2015 Elsevier published a comparator informatics (health interacting with digital synthetic biology; regenerative medicine; of various measures of research and technology) will also be crucial in agri-science; advanced materials and innovation strength in Amsterdam along supporting the next generation of nanotechnology; energy and its storage. with ten other cities: Barcelona, Berlin, scientific breakthroughs needed to tackle Brussels, Copenhagen, Dublin, Hamburg, conditions, recognising that we need to Our five areas of strength demonstrate Madrid, Manchester, Stockholm and be more sophisticated in predicting how excellence in themselves, but it is clear that Vienna. Despite not being a capital city patients will respond to treatment. additional “spill-over” economic value is (and with fewer national research facilities created when they combine together to than Amsterdam), Manchester still came Globally, pla ces like Massachusetts in the create new innovations related to these 5th out of 11 in sc holarly papers/1,000. US have helped bring life sciences eight great technologies. Research that On academic-corporate collaborations together with technology, for example the addresses key societal, industrial and Manchester was 6th and had the highest presence of IBM Watson Health at Kendall national challenges must be multi- change in field weighted impact of Square, Boston which has encouraged disciplinary, and will not be solved within publications from 2004 to 2013. wider private equity investment in digital one discipline alone. The potential for Manchester came first in world download health start-ups. inter-connectedness will enable GMCE to share from medicine. co-develop applications in new and GMCE are well placed to learn from places disruptive technologies and respond to Our areas of strength also address key like Boston to better realise potential. national and global customer demand (see societal as well as economic challenges: DevoManc uniquely gives us the freedom, Figure 1; Annex D includes a list of areas flexibility and governance to be able to where partners have drawn together some Healthy living and ageing design a new health and social care ideas as a direct result of the audit work). Ensuring people are able to live healthier system (within the NHS) that is more lives will not only reduce pressures on sustainable and that provides the right This is already happening locally in healthcare budgets (particularly where care, right time and right place. The partnership with industry as a result of they facilitate prevention), but will help to collaborative approach that we cross-disc iplinary working. Our strong ensure those people remain economically demonstrate, building on alliances such as legacy of manufacturing, which we are active for longer. MAHSC enable us to exploit our science working to reinstate, gives us a genuine assets in a combinatorial way to develop opportunity to turn ideas into products. The UK spends >8% of GDP on new sensors and monitors that will enable We also need to recognise that goods and healthcare, and the domestic healthcare people to safely and effectively self-care

79 ABHI, Manifesto for Medical Technology 2015 28

Figure 2: An example of related variety80

The inter-connectedness of our strengths allows us to develop applications in new and disruptive technologies that address major market demands as well as societal challenges.

and manage at home. This flexibility and unique relationship with the NHS that offers growth potential for high-value common purpose is already attracting means it is well placed to support SMEs on manufacturing and sectors such as pharmaceutical and other Med Tech this journey around translational research. automotive and aerospace. Developing industry to explore new ways to develop We are particularly well-placed to become grid scale storage additionally has the medicines and diagnostics. the best place in the world to do clinical potential to reduce the costs of moving trials at pace and scale. to a local carbon electricity system by The size of our patient pool, and £10bn p.a. by 2050. increasingly joined-up data systems (eg Climate change and the environment via Datawell and eResearch), are enabling Climate change is one of the most The most critical and enabling aspect of us to design new ‘real world’ trials that are serious threats facing the world - a threat energy storage devices are the materials transforming the way industry looks at to the environment as well as to national from which they are made – therefore drug development (e.g Salford Lung and global security, poverty eradication GMCE are well placed in connecting Study). Such trials are faster and more and economic prosperity. Countries strengths in energy with those in powerful, demonstrating that treatments around the world came together at the advanced materials, while building on a work in patient populations that are living Paris Climate Conference to agree a deal strong manufacturing and engineering and working in a real time normal to cut global carbon emissions. Better base. GM’s research base in materials environment. We have developed a energy sto rage offers one solution to the growth and characterisation, device unique expertise and workforce that is challenge of a clean, secure and cost- modelling, measurement and circuit capable of delivering this. We are already effective energy in sectors such as design offers an opportunity to generate attracting large corporates to the region manufacturing and transport – while innovation – drawing upon excellence in (confidential discussions with several contributing to climate change and high performance materials such as major companies are well advanced), and improved domestic energy security. The graphene and other 2D materials. This encouraging existing MNEs like AZ and Carbon Trust estimates that improved UK off ers an area for swift exploitation Waters to invest locally. This will grow our energy storage could save £2.4bn p.a. because semiconductor for processing cluster that will be attractive for system wide by 203081. Additionally the don’t require large scale capital intensive entrepreneurs, investors and spin outs to concept of grid scale energy storage plants but rather draw upon diversity of develop new products and services faster looks to use batteries at a range of scales high quality manufacturing techniques – and more in a more agile way. GM has a from domestic to trans-national, and of which GMCE sits at the centre.

80 Jacobs, J. (1969) The Economy of Cities, New York: Vintage; “Related Variety” argues that cities with a diversified set of industries typically show high economic growth, because local diversity will spark creativity, new ideas and innovations. 81 www.carbontrust.com/resources/reports/technology/energy-storage-report/ 29

Our planned areas of strength address Discovery Catapult to be sited at Alderley relationships based on our science many areas of climate change and Park will additionally be the centre of strengths. Of these four, China, as the sustainability, from new materials that national expertise for the discovery of world’s largest economy, offers the most could offer improved energy storage, medicines. Its role is to develop new significant opportunities where we can lighter materials and better computing, to approaches for the discovery and early build upon existing connections and a industrial biotechnology which is driving development of new medicines helping to strong relationship at government level. more sustainable production of new transform ideas into commercial products There has been a transformation in our chemicals and energy sources and our and services. It will develop and validate relationship with China over the past energy research on sustainability. new ways of discovering new medicines three years – including the visit of the and supporting the key UK strength in Chinese president to the NGI. The This is demonstrated by links to firms in pharmaceutical, biotechnology and establishment of the Manchester China our neighbouring geography. Johnson contract research organisations. Forum as a coordination vehicle has Matthey in Lancashire is a leading UK proven to be a major success. company in materials manufacturing and What markets do we target? battery design/ assembly. Faradion in The GM Internationalisation Strategy Sheffield is pioneering the next 2017-2020 has built on our substantial generation of advanced, low-cost batter sector intelligence and responds to materials include Na ion batteries). ITM extensive consultation82. The work we Power in Sheffield specialises in the have undertaken during the preparation manufacture of integrated hydrogen of the Strategy has highlighted the energy systems (including electrolysis). growing strength, depth and quality of Viridor in partnership with Highview Power our international networks across the are building a Liquid Air Energy Storage public and private sectors, academia and technology system demonstrator in GM. key organisations, including the GM Firms with a local presence such as Chamber and Consulates. This is a Siemens are advocates for radical energy significant competitive advantage that storage for power to chemicals, as well as we aim to leverage and translate into the end users in the automotive sector a co-ordinated and integrated approach (JLR and Nissan are based in Liverpool). to implementation, working closely with the UK Department for International Pandemic infections and Trade (DIT). antimicrobial resistance The AMR task-force chaired by Lord As a result, the Strategy has helped us O’Neill made a number of identify a number of specific key sub recommendations aimed at stimulating sector opportunities where GM has interna tional cooperation to address the competitive advantage within target global threat posed by AMR, including the markets. These are set out in Table 2. need to develop new antibiotics and to The table shows a series of approaches carry-out rapid diagnostics to ensure that through which GM proposes to engage antibiotics are used more selectively. The actively going forward – including foreign UK has a central role in this to use its direct investment (FDI) and capital science and research to develop new investment (FCI), direct exports, approaches for the discovery and early academic links (both collaborative development of new medicines helping to research partnerships, and attracting transform ideas into commercial products overseas students), as well improving and services. city-to-city linkages via better connectivity. Our plans in precision medicine, e-health, clinical trials and links to the important The Strategy has confirmed that Europe centre for antimicrobial resistance at and the USA remain the two largest and Alderley Park, directly address these most valuable mature markets for visitors, issue. Several businesses there are trade, investors and students. The EU is already working on developing new our largest trade partner (led by France antibiotics, as part of a worldwide drive to and Germany), and has provided the find more effective treatments. For highest number of FDI projects to GM example, Redx Anti-Infectives Ltd, a since 2013. China, India, Japan and the company discovering and developing new UAE offer clear growth potential and therapeutics for the global indicate where we are well placed to build pharmaceutical market. The Medicines upon existing trade, investment and other

82 New Economy Baseline Data for the refreshed internationalisation strategy (2016) http://neweconomymanchester.com/news-events/presentation-slides 30

Table 2: GM global market opportunities from science strengths (2017–20) 31 7 Conclusions

This audit has enabled our region to review our key strengths, assets and capabilities in science and innovation and to assess the gaps and opportunities that we need to address to go forwards. In so doing we have built on and extended the already cohesive networks existing in GMCE and sought to reach out to other regions undertaking or planning SIAs, particularly those in adjoining geographies. While our analysis of assets has inevitably looked inwards we have been seeking to develop an innovation and industrial strategy that equips us to take advantage of global opportunities and to deliver economic and social benefits both to our own population and to the UK as a whole. 32

This audit has enabled our region to additional entrepreneurship training. The and to extend the benefits of our recent review our key strengths, assets and wider spectrum of advanced materials strong growth to the less favoured parts capabilities in science and innovation and research is also a core competence at the of our region. We also have a regional gap to assess the gaps and opportunities that leading edge and the Sir Henry Royce in productivity, major issues of deprivation we need to address to go forwards. In so Institute will create a national focus which and of health inequalities. doing we have built on and extended the is designed to overcome traditionally long already cohesive networks existing in lead-times and act as a rapid accelerator To address these deficiencies and realise GMCE and sought to reach out to other through technology readiness levels to the benefits we intend to pursue three regions undertaking or planning SIAs, application, particularly in support of the main lines of action: particularly those in adjoining manufacturing sector. geographies. While our a nalysis of assets 1. Drive synergies from has inevitably looked inwards we have GM as a full-scale test-bed and lead our core capabilities been seeking to develop an innovation market to develop and demonstrate Our areas of excellence create additional and industrial strategy that equips us to innovative technology positive ‘spill-overs’ and value when take advantage of global opportunities Moving to the fast-growth opportunities, combined. Drawing upon the principle of and to deliver economic and social digital and energy, as with health, combine ‘related variety’ – this inter- benefits both to our own population and excellence in research and facilities with a connectedness will enable us to to the UK as a whole. particular competence in mounting large co-develop applications in new and scale projects in the community, in this disruptive technologies. This will be Health – a globally leading case demonstrators as illustrated by achieved by linking our unique clusters centre for clinical trials CityVerve and Triangulum, allowing whole of excellence in fundamental science The evidence has shown that we have a systems to be tested and creating with the ability to put that scientific juxtaposition of the largest concentration multiple business opportunities. Industrial knowledge into application - creating a of exce llence in health research outside biotechnology is a capability of relevance ‘continuum’ between local and national the South East, now hosting a new and for the concentration of related industries partners. For example: cross-cutting NIHR Biomedical Research in the North of England and with its focus Centre linking the partners in our on synthesising new products and Health/Materials/Digital – will respond to Academic Health Sciences Research intermed iates helps develop both needs around improving health and social Centre. Key facilities in support of cutting sustainability in the move away from fossil care outcomes and managing an ageing edge research and innovation are set in fuels and resilience if raw material import population, through the innovation of care the context of a large and stable costs rise. Alongside knowledge and pathways driven by integrated data to population exhibiting significant health expertise in cyber security meaning we deliver precision medicine and the use of challenges. Health devolution has created have the opportunity to address this from smart materials, specifically by monitoring the unprecedented opportun ity for a the beginning of product and idea care and treatments in real-time to create concerted drive towards innovation for development instead of considering a learning health system. We are both health and economic benefit. The security as an afterthought. particularly well-placed to become the synergies with the digital sector and in best p lace in the world to do clinical trials particular health informatics allows us to Innovation strengths and weaknesses at pace and scale. drive towards building on an already In each sector we have globally strong track record to become a globally competitive firms accompanied by Energy/Materials/Digital - will contribute to leading centre for clinical trials, both of a clusters of innovative SMEs. There is now tackling climate change and supporting conventional nature and increasingly in an outstanding offer of place assets, now energy security through whole energy ‘real-life’ conditions. This in turn will linked more clearly as a system following systems and implementation of new attract inward investment and provide the this audit, which can trace a continuum of materials and sensors in extraction, basis for a growing ecosystem of technology space and support services generation, storage, transmission and use innovative scaling-up firms. and institutions from Media City in Salford, resulting in low carbon solutions to areas through the Manchester Corridor and such as transport and housing. Our Materials – rapid accelerator Airport City to Alderley Park and the advanced materials infrastructure is to application Cheshire Science Corridor. In des igned to provide the fastest possible In our second core strength, advanced combination these form a globally acceleration through technology materials the opportunities to develop competitive innovation district. readiness levels to industrial application. ‘Graphene City’ highlights the unique presence of world-leading science in the However, we also face important Digital/Health/Biotechnology/Energy – will NGI which is nonetheless closely engaged deficiencies. Only just over half of firms in harness innovative tech solutions and with business and producing a series of our region are innovation-active. That creative content to lead developments in start-up companies. The next step is to proportion needs to grow and we need to areas such as diagnostic technologies, systematise the pat hway through higher ensure that firms acquire the absorptive synthetic fuels and synthetic biology for technology readiness levels with the capacity to take advantage of the novel vaccines, modified enzymes etc, opening of the GEIC. Of particular opportunities created by the science with business leading the way in areas importance is the accompanying training assets. We have noted the need to such as responses to antimicrobial programme which gives us a large increase GVA per capita, to raise the skills resistance and pandemic infections. concentration of graphene scientists with and qualification levels of the workforce 33

2. Strategic investment to strengthen our ecosystem to support Improving business support capitalise on the key intersections innovation in the following areas: As we build critical mass there will be and opportunities increased opportunity to ensure that It is imperative that we extract maximum Enhancing collaboration businesses gain access to diverse finance value from our existing assets and those We will drive alignment of our local support at the right scale to help under construction, but we need to science base with our local business base innovative businesses at all stages to continue to invest (from our own funds so as to maximise economic impact from invest in innovation, start-up and scale- and external investment) to maintain our assets. This will include stimulating a ups, connect with research and world-class excellence and remain at the broader cultural change to bring subsequently generate economic growth. forefront of international developments in academics together from across our areas of smart specialisation. Notably disciplines more frequently and to better As noted above, we need to realise the this will exploit the synergies between our identify quality opportunities in which benefits of ’absorptive capacity’ within areas of strength in order to develop academics can interact with business small businesses, i.e. improving the ability ’route-ways to excellence’, allowing us to people to foster market-led to integrate new information for incubate new niches, and help address collaborations. We also see that the UK commercial ends. Including increasing the society’s wider problems. We recognise more widely needs to drive a collaborative provision of adequate space for both start- that two of our strengths – advanced rather than largely competitive culture if ups/ scale-ups and leveraging in smarter materials and digital - are cross-cutting we are to compete with much larger procurement practice from the public and have a broader ‘enabling’ function. economies with very much greater sector to incentivise innovative practice investment in research and innovation. (eg through data-sharing initiatives such as Pankhurst Centre to bring together GMConnect and Datawell). health and physical science capabilities Nurturing talent There is potential to reinforce inter- We need to ensure the right local skills mix Moving forward with connectedness by making some is in place locally to drive innovation and to networking and collaboration important strategic investments. Central reinforce our identified scientific Our integrated governance, deep culture to our plans is the Pankhurst Centre for strengths, alongside improving the ability of collaboration between government, Research in Health, Technology and to attract and retain talented individuals. business, academia and health providers, Innovation. This would be a path-breaking and the strong partnership between GM cross-disciplinary Institute to bring This Audit and the Area Based Review and CE give us a powerful platform to together clinical research with materials have confirmed that GMCE needs to implement the opportunities revealed by science, informatics, engineering and invest further in the development of the this Audit. In developing these we will work computer science to address major health skills required to drive its key innovation with partners from outside our geography, problems - unlocking the synergies sectors and assets, p articularly higher- not only across the North of England (eg between our core strengths of health and level technical skills. To this we plan to N8 and Northern Health Science Alliance materials plus digital and biotechnology. Its establish an Institute of Technology. Such partnerships, and linking to other current/ ‘bi-directional’ nature means new an Institute would work closely with GM’s future Audit waves), but also nationally and discoveries will seek health applications universities, enable progression from FE, internationally as we pursue global export and will respond to health needs and and be driven by business demands and and inward investment opportunities. This problems to find solutions; it will be both leadership - acting as a magnet to foster will maximise complementary strengths ‘real’ and virtual – with a core of at least 100 innovation in SMEs. We also need to and ensure we continue to learn from best research leaders from diverse disciplines ensure that we have systems in place to practice in research, science working together on the problems encourage more young people to take up commercialisation, and innovation. identified, but drawing upon a wider group STEM subjects and engage actively in the of researchers beyond; and act as a major science agenda. This means working with training centre to provide interdisciplinary both primary and secondary schools, and experience for established as well as investing in new facilities to support this younger researchers. (see Annex H) where appropriate.

Maintain the strength of our science Leadership and management capacity for assets with key critical investments our innovative sectors are critical. We need In the short-term, we have identified a to seek investment in our business schools small number of projects which address to ensure that they can play a pivotal role gaps and opportunities in our regional through their research and training in ecosystem and are strong candidates for guiding the development of health investment to help do this. devolution and of our advanced innovative sectors. We also need to encourage 3. Strengthening our innovation collaboration and ‘open innovation’ to support ecosystem facilitate the transfer of knowledge, and To capitalise on scientific strength and raising awareness of the benefits of a market opportunity we will need to diverse workforce to drive innovation. 34 Annex A Consortium structure and members

CORE MEMBERSHIP

Purpose: the Core Membership comprises representatives from public and private sector science and innovation organisations across the SIA footprint. Within this group, UoM will be the Scientific Lead for the delivery and implementation of the SIA; GM LEP/GMCA, through New Economy, will be the Innovation Lead, and ensure the audit is applied, business-facing and rooted in economic reality.83

Members: Arup Hitachi European Big Data Laboratory AstraZeneca Manchester Academic Health Science BBC North/MediaCityUK Centre (MAHSC) BioNow Manchester Metropolitan University BP Manchester Science Partnerships BT Medtronic Cheshire and Warrington LEP NCC Group Cheshire East Council Northern Health Science Alliance Cisco (NHSA) Corridor Manchester Sci-Tech Daresbury Greater Manchester Combined Siemens Authority Unilever Greater Manchester LEP University of Bolton Greater Manchester Business Growth University of Manchester Hub University of Salford Health Innovation Manchester Waters Corporation

The Task/Finish Group

Purpose: The Task/Finish Group will ensure the SIA is delivered to time, budget and quality. It will be responsible for the day-to-day progression of the SIA.

Members: UoM, New Economy and senior representatives from GMLEP

Enabling Collaborators

Purpose: Enabling Collaborators will be partners outside our SIA footprint but with whom GM and CE have links, to provide external challenge to our thinking and build national and international strengths and opportunities.

Members: Other universities, research institutes, government departments and agencies and funders in the UK and globally.

83 The drafting of this report has been led by Professor Dame Nancy Rothwell, Professor Luke Georghiou (University of Manchester), Simon Nokes, Michael Contaldo, and Helena Crellin (New Economy). 35 Annex B Core data

CHESHIRE EAST GM ENGLAND TOTAL UNIVERSITIES & RESEARCH ORGANISATIONS Number of research organisations (2015) 54 Number of Further Education Centres (2015) 6 13 19 Number of Higher Education Institutes (2015) 3 5 8 HUMAN CAPITAL & TALENT % workforce employed in science, engineering, technology 9.3 6.3 7.2 and research professions (2014) % working population with no qualifications (2013) 8.5 11.5 % working population with NVQ3 qualifications (2013) 15.4 16.9 17.2 % working population with NVQ4 qualifications (2013) 38.9 31.8 35.0 Retention of local graduate skills in region (2012/13) 68.7 81.7 Number students getting a First with honours in a STEM 962 6,050 subject (2013/14) BUSINESS DEMOGRAPHY/ PRODUCTIVITY Number of active enterprises (2012) 86,070 149,945 GVA per capita (2013) (£) 25,477 20,724 24,091 GVA per hour worked (2013) (£) 29.8 27.7 28.1 Average annual gross full time pay (2014) (£) 30,640 30,358 34,197 RESEARCH FUNDING Total value of UK research funding (2015) (£) 119,623,548 PRIVATE SCETOR INVESTMENT/ ENTREPRENEURSHIP Business R&D expenditure per person employed (2013) (£) 2,716 201 Annual value of R&D tax credits claimed per person 32 (NW) employed (2013) (£) Number investments by British private equity and venture 213 (NW) capital members per person employed (2013) Foreign Direct Investment – % share of total UK FDI 0.7 3.3 projects (2013) Total number of FDI successes (2013) 11 51 1,559 Innovation activity as share of business turnover (2010) (%) 2.2 2.6 2.5 INNOVATION ACTIVITIES % firms engaged in product/ process innovation (2010) 28 22 26 Number of businesses (2014) 33,238 85,631 Number of private sector jobs (2014) 287,750 833,378 % of “fast growing” firms (2014) 13 16 NATIONAL/ INTERNATIONAL ENGAGEMENT Number of local organisations participating in Framework 596 Programme 7 (2015) Local organisations participating in Framework Programme 3.4 7 – % share of UK total (2015) 36 Annex C The University of Manchester on Corridor Manchester 37 Annex D Table Showing The Potential For Inter-Connectedness Between Strengths

Advanced Industrial Health Digital Energy (nuclear +) Materials Biotechnology

• Precision medicine • Biomaterials • Health informatics • Consequential • Biocatalysis/synbio • Public health • Smart textiles for • Sensors impacts on health. for fine speciality • Cancer assisted living • Internet of things. • Relationship chemicals • Health economics • Biosensors • Printable between energy manufacture for • Social care Diagnostics electronics from and air quality. active • Clinical trials • Regenerative conventional to 2D • Nuclear-proton pharmaceutical medicine • Robotics beam therapy. ingredients. • Drug delivery • In silico formulation • PET imaging. • SynBio for Health • Tissue engineering - prediction of newsynthesis of • Implants-artificial materials vaccines, biologics, joints, stents, performance (Big enzymes, drug transplants Data). delivery, nano- • Robotics • Smart medical responsive devices/wearables devices. • Predictive models - • Biosensors. eg drug behaviours. • Patient compliance

• Self- care/ • Simulating • ‘Energy materials’ • New feed-stocks; occupational properties of new including energy Green feedstock health (eg polymer materials storage (batteries, replacement prototyping) • Modelling supercapacitors • Fibres to smart • Transport • Design and fuel cells) coatings to • Construction • Materials for ICT • Nuclear materials - photonics • Sustainable fuel materials, fuel • Biomaterials materials cladding, in core including components formulation and • Oil and gas stabilisation systems • Biomimetics • Energy network • Nano-storage materials • ‘Smart’ responsive • Materials for materials and demanding biosensors environments • Sustainability of Advanced • Corrosion production Materials • Sensing in extreme • New materials for environments biological • Light weight syntheses composites • Smart sensors/coatings • Manufacturing • Predicting materials performance • Imaging of materials for energy industry • Materials leading to reduced energy use and reduced emissions. 38

Advanced Industrial Health Digital Energy (nuclear +) Materials Biotechnology

• Improving poorly • Rapid triage and • Cybersecurity • Whole energy • Data storage in integrated prototyping of bio- • FinTech/ systems / smart genomics and information sensing and cybersecurity grids proteomics. systems bio-augmentation • Control of nuclear • Protein design • Creative industries requests, alongside plants. Verification • Sensors a materials and validation, • Wearables horizons operator • Systems biology communications competency, cyber (complex analyses) programme security, regulatory • Synthetic biology • Predictive justification, supply • Predictions of modelling chain management behaviours of new • Analysis of new • Condition molecules and Digital materials monitoring, systems • Materials for ICT sensors and data management • Autonomous systems for high hazard conditions • Analysis of energy use • Predictive modelling • Climate change • National grids

• Integrated health • Low-cost, low- • Citizen digital • Bioenergy and transport power avatar reflecting • Bioconversion intelligence environmental energy footprint • Network modelling • Adaptivity for sensor arrays • Social machines of • Synthetic biology Energy entire populations • Self-organising energy use/ for enzymes and (nuclear +) • Low/bio-powered networks collective bioprocesses implantable behaviours eg • Bio-electrochemical devices and transport choices systems for wearable sensors reversible chemical for novel wellbeing energy storage and self-care

• Microbiome- • Allergic • Biotech process • Pathways to • Design and environment-beha desensitisation / simulation biofuels, scale-up formulation viour interaction allergen • Computational of laboratory scales of biologics • Biopharms/ presentation design/machine tests using pilot biologics production • SynBio/IB learning plant facilities and • Therapeutic discovery of new underpinning understanding of enzymes/antibodies materials biological design system level • Sustainable • Data/text mining carbon benefits Industrial manufacture • New fuels biotechnology • SynBio materials (microbial • New materials for engineering, deference/ propane, advanced materials butane etc) • Additive • SynBio production manufacturing of established materials (eg insulators) 39 Annex E Glossary

Accelerator science – using beams of Graphene – the first 2D material to ever Proteomics – the study of the complete charged particles travelling at high speed be discovered; it is a 2D sheet of carbon set of proteins (the proteomes) and the to study, for instance, materials with atoms, which are arranged in a hexagonal modifications they may undergo; this is applications in a range of sectors from pattern, and has many astonishing important in fully understanding and health, engineering and materials science. properties such as being the strongest identifying disease, as well as developing material ever measured and a very high personalised-medicine technologies. Advanced materials – research, electrical conductivity. developments and applications of Spintronics – the study of the spin materials designed to have superior Gross Value Added (GVA) - the value of of electrons, the magnetic moment properties (eg strength, weight, goods and services produced in an area, this creates, as well as their charge; conductivity) or functionality than industry or sector of an economy. this is important for applications in existing/traditional materials quantum computing. (see graphene). Health informatic/analytics – information technology and information systems used Synthetic biology – the design and Big Data – extremely large amounts of in healthcare, including the storage, engineering of novel biological data that require advanced methods of retrieval, sharing and use of health data components, devices and systems as well capture, storage, processing and analysis. (see Big Data). as the redesign of existing, natural biological systems, such as the Biomarkers – a gene or molecular Health innovation – research, engineering of microorganisms to characteristic that can identify a disease, development and technologies that produce of materials such as bioplastics. eg specific proteins on the cell surface of further the understanding of biomedical cancer cells (see EGFR). sciences and their use to improve the provision of healthcare. Computer architecture – the design of a computer system, which determines the Industrial biotechnology – the use of technology and software it can support. biological processes, organisms and systems in industry, such as using Devolution - the transfer of power by genetically modifying microorganisms to central government to a local or regional produce drugs, as well as medical administration. technologies (see synthetic biology).

Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Internet of Things – connecting everyday (EGFR) – a receptor present on the objects to the internet using sensors, cell surface that is activated when allowing them to collect data and make bound to epidermal growth factor and decisions, for example smart energy similar proteins; it is often overexpressed meters that can adjust heating remotely in in cancers. response to outside temperature, whether anyone is home etc. Foreign direct investment (FDI) - investment made by a foreign company or Personalised medicine – also called individual eg to establish business precision medicine; it is the use of genetic, operations or acquire business assets in molecular, cellular and environmental the other country. information about the patient, to better diagnose and identify what treatments will Genomics – the study of the complete set be most successful. It also covers the of genes and non-coding DNA (the technologies and procedures that are genome); it requires technologies for required to collect the specific data, and its sequencing, analysis of Big Data and applications to improve healthcare. modifying organisms. Genomic information is important in identifying and understanding the genetic background to disease and producing personalised medicine technologies. 40 Annex F Abbreviations

ASTeC – Accelerator Science and Technology Centre

ATI – Aerospace Technology Institute

BP-ICAM – BP International Centre for Advance Materials

CMFT – Central Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust

CRUK – Cancer Research UK

DCI – Digital and Creative Industries

DNI – Dalton Nuclear Institute

CE – Cheshire East

EPSRC – Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council

FDI – Foreign Direct Investment

FE – Further education

GEIC – Graphene Engineering Innovation Centre

GM – Greater Manchester

GMCA – Greater Manchester Combine Authority

GMLEP – Greater Manchester Local Enterprise Partnership

GVA – Gross Value Added

HeRC – Health eResearch Centre

IoT – Internet of Things

MAHSC – Manchester Academic Health Science Centre

MCRC – Manchester Cancer Research Centre

MIB – Manchester Institute of Biotechnology

MMU – Manchester Metro politan University

MRC – Medical Research Council

MSP – Manchester Science Partnerships

NAMRC – Nuclear Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre

NGI – National Graphene Institute

NHSA – Northern Health Science Alliance

NNL – National Nuclear Laboratory

NWCC – North West Composites Centre

UoM – The University of Manchester

UoS – University of Salford 41 Annex G Bibliography

• A Strategic Economic Plan for Cheshire • Greater Manchester Science and • Science and Technology – the Greater and Warrington, C&W LEP, 2014 Technology Assets Map, New Economy, Manchester Story, New Economy, 2014 2013 • Benchmarking Local Innovation: The • Stimulating Business Innovation, Making Innovation Geography of the UK, • Greater Manchester Science and Manchester a leader in enterprise Enterprise Research Centre, Enterprise Technology Review, New Economy, innovation support, New Economy, Europe Network, BE Group, 2015 2013 2011

• Biomedical Cluster Mapping Update for • Greater Manchester: Towards a RIS3 • Strategic Plan Document for 2014/19, GM 2002-14, BioNow, January 2015 strategy, Williams, J. & Devaney, C., 2013 The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, 2014 • Building Local Advantage: Review of • Health North: Powering UK Health and Local Enterprise Partnership area Wealth Transformation, Northern • Strategic Vision to 2025, Corridor economies in 2014, The LEP Network Health Science Alliance, 2015 Manchester, 2015

• Cheshire East Science Corridor: • Industrial revolutions: capturing the • Stronger Together: Greater Manchester Opportunity Assessment, BE Group, growth potential, Centre for Cities, 2014 Strategy 2013, GMLEP and GMCA 2015 • Localisation of industrial activity across • Technology Enterprise in Greater • Collaboration between SMEs and England's LEPs: ERC Research Paper Manchester, Lusty, P. & McArthur, N., universities – local population, growth No. 15, ERC, 2013 2014 and innovation metrics, ERC, 2015 • Mapping Local Comparative • The Digital Powerhouse: The innovation • Deep Dives, New Economy (2016) Advantages in Innovation, BIS, 2015 potential of tech clusters in the north, TechCity, May 2016 • Discovery to Delivery, North West • Mapping Research and Innovation: England, a premier location for science Understanding Amsterdam’s • The Independent Economic Review of and technology innovation, North West Competitive Advantage, UIN & Elsevier, the Northern Powerhouse, SQW Ltd, Business Leadership Team (NWBLT), 2015 April 2016 2015 • OCED Reviews of Regional Innovation: • The Manchester Independent • Encouraging a British Invention North of England, OCED, 2008 Economic Review, New Economy, 2010 Revolution: Sir Andrew Witty’s Review of Universities and Growth, October 2013 • Powering the Digital Economy, • Turning Discovery Science and TechNation, 2015 Knowledge into Jobs and Growth, • European Structural and Investment GMLEP, 2013 Funds Investment Plan 2014-2020, • Research & Development in UK GMLEP, 2015 Advanced Textiles Manufacturing, • Unlocking our Potential: Solving the New Economy, 2015 Productivity Puzzle in North West • ‘Exploiting The Excellence’ – England’s England and Nationally, NWBLT, 2016 North West: where world-class science • Research Evaluation Framework, underpins wealth-creating innovation, REF2014 NWBLT, 2014 • Sector Analysis report for Cheshire and • Exploiting the Growth Potential of Warrington, GM and Liverpool City Science in the Atlantic Gateway, SQW Region LEPs, BioNow, July 2013 Ltd, 2016 • Science and Innovation Audits Inception • Global Challenges, Manchester Report for the Consortia, Technopolis, Solutions, University of Manchester, May 2016 2015 • Smart Specialisation in England, BIS, • Greater Manchester Forecasting Model, 2015 Oxford Economics, 2014 42 Annex H Pankhurst Institute

Our proposed ‘Pankhurst Institute’ brings It will also interact with the opportunities together our core strengths and generated through the presence of opportunities. Its core aim is to bring new companies and infrastructure on understanding, expertise and new our Science Parks at Alderley Park and discoveries in engineering, physical at Citylabs. sciences and mathematics. Pankhurst will be: This proposal is timely because it will seize the unique opportunities offered o ‘bi-directional’ - new discoveries by devolution of the health budget to will seek health applications and will GM, huge and growing strengths in respond to health needs and problems health informatics and precision medicine to find solutions; and an explosion in the application of new materials. o Both ‘real’ and virtual’ - We aim to establish a core of at least 100 research It will benefit from and build on our proven leaders from diverse disciplines, working expertise in such cross disciplinary areas: together on the problems identified, but there will also be a much wider group of o MIMIT - bringing engineering solutions researchers within and beyond UoM to health problems; engaging with Pankhurst; o e-health - combining strengths in o a major training centre to provide informatics, computing and health interdisciplinary experience for records; established as well as younger researchers; o Industrial biotechnology where MIB has co-located biologists, computer o a strong interface with hospital and scientists, physicists, engineers and primary care providers; mathematicians to address biologicals and health problems (‘systems’ biology o a key partner for industry. and health); o Bio-materials - already a major activity which is also a core theme of the Royce Institute which will be built with academic and industrial partners; o Major industrial interest in these areas, with significant investment and co- location in the region. M1759 11.16