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On some rare and new species of rotifers (Digononta, Bdelloida; Monogononta, Ploima and Flosculariaceae) in the Kaw River estuary (French Guiana) Claude ROUGIER Université Montpellier II, Écosystèmes lagunaires, case 093, F-34095 Montpellier cedex 05 (France) [email protected] Roger POURRIOT Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Milieux et Peuplements aquatiques, case postale 51, 55 rue Buffon, F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) [email protected] Rougier C. & Pourriot R. 2006. — On some rare and new species of rotifers (Digononta, Bdel- loida; Monogononta, Ploima and Flosculariaceae) in the Kaw River estuary (French Guiana). Zoosystema 28 (1) : 5-16. ABSTRACT The rotifer fauna of the Kaw River estuary (French Guiana) was investigated during the dry season/low water period (November 1998 and 2001) and the rainy season/flood period (June 1999) at three different stations (estuary, mud flat and mangrove creek). One hundred and eight taxa were identified, includ- KEY WORDS ing three new species described herein, Dissotrocha guyanensis n. sp. bearing Rotifera, three pairs of dorsal thorns on the trunk and two long (40-50 µm) spurs on Dissotrocha, Epiphanes, the foot; Epiphanes desmeti n. sp. a typical Epiphanes species with 10-12 (14?) Floscularia, uncinal teeth) ; and Floscularia curvicornis n. sp. bearing two long and curled Testudinella, ventral tentacles. Synchaeta arcifera Xu, 1998, is recorded from South America Synchaeta, French Guiana, for the first time. Some remarks about Testudinella haueriensis Gillard, 1967 new species. are also included. RÉSUMÉ Rotifères rares et nouveaux (Digononta, Bdelloida ; Monogononta, Ploima et Flos- culariaceae), de l’estuaire de la rivière de Kaw (Guyane française). La faune rotiférienne de la rivière de Kaw (Guyane française) a été étu- diée durant les saisons sèche (novembre 1998 et 2001, période d’étiage) et humide (juin 1999, période de crue), dans trois stations différentes (estuaire, vasière et mangrove). Cent huit taxons ont été recensés dont trois espèces, nouvelles pour la science, sont décrites ici : Dissotrocha guyanensis ZOOSYSTEMA • 2006 • 28 (1) © Publications Scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. www.zoosystema.com 5 Rougier C. & Pourriot R. MOTS CLÉS n. sp. présentant trois paires d’épines dorsales sur le tronc et deux longs Rotifera, éperons (40-50 µm) sur le pied ; Epiphanes desmeti n. sp. typique du genre Dissotrocha, Epiphanes, Epiphanes avec un uncus à 10-12 (14 ?) dents ; et Floscularia curvicornis Floscularia, n. sp. présentant deux longs tentacules ventraux enroulés. Une espèce est Testudinella, nouvellement mentionnée pour l’Amérique : Synchaeta arcifera Xu, 1998. Synchaeta, Guyane française, Par ailleurs, l’espèce Testudinella haueriensis Gillard, 1967 fait l’objet de espèces nouvelles. remarques d’ordre systématique. INTRODUCTION Kaw River estuary of French Guiana. Prepared in conjunction with a separate study on Neotropi- The rotifer fauna of the Neotropics is now relatively cal Rotifera (Rougier et al. 2005), this paper is well known, with many species having been recorded based on the identification of several new taxa by Koste and Jose de Paggi (Koste & Jose de Paggi whose morphology, distribution and ecology are 1982; Jose de Paggi & Koste 1995). Most studies described. have, however, focused on the central and south- ern countries of South America, with the northern regions (except for Venezuela, Michelangelli et al. SITE AND METHODS 1980; Zoppi De Roa et al. 1993) remaining largely unexplored to date. Plankton samplings were carried out in the Kaw The rotifer fauna of French Guiana has been River estuary (French Guiana) during the dry studied by Pourriot (1996, 1997) and Segers & season/low water period (November 1998 and Pourriot (1997), specifically in the large reservoir 2001) and during the rainy season/flood period of Petit-Saut. Starting in 1998, within the frame- (June 1999) at three different stations: estuary work of the “Programme national des écosystèmes (E), mud flat (V) and mangrove swamp (M) (see côtiers” (PNEC-GUYANE), a study has been con- Fig. 1). Samples were collected with a submerged ducted focusing on the zooplankton community pump located 1 m below the surface. The pumped- (which is absent from or only briefly mentioned up water flows through two filtering nets, the first in most studies on mangrove ecosystems) of the with a 150 µm mesh size (for mesozooplankton capture) and the second with a 40 µm mesh size (for microzooplankton capture, including rotifers). 54°W 52°W The animals were preserved in a neutral formalin Kaw River 5°N solution (4%). estuary The type material of the new taxa is deposited V 3°N in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris E 80 km (MNHN). The identification of rotifers was carried out using the classification criteria of De Beauchamp N M (1955), Gillard (1967), Koste (1972, 1978, 1996), 3 km Koste & Jose de Paggi (1982), Berzins (1982a, b), Brandorff et al. (1982), Koste et al. (1983), De Smet (1988, 1989), Nogrady & Pourriot (1995), FIG. 1. — Location of the three sampling stations of the Kaw River estuary (French Guiana). Abbreviations: E, estuary; M, mangrove Segers (1995, 1997), De Smet & Pourriot (1997), creek; V, mud flat. Hollowday (2002). 6 ZOOSYSTEMA • 2006 • 28 (1) New rotifers from the Kaw River (French Guiana) ch A B da C s th t cef FIG. 2. — Dissotrocha guyanensis n. sp.: A, lateral view; B, dorsal view; C, lateral view of foot end. Abbreviations: cef, contracted end of the foot; ch, contracted head; da, dorsal antenna; s, spurs; t, toes; th, thorns. Scale bars: A, 50 µm; B, 100 µm. SYSTEMATICS three median big teeth with many minor teeth. MEASUREMENTS (in µm). — Total length 280-330, spur Family PHILODINIDAE Ehrenberg, 1838 length 40-50. Genus Dissotrocha Bryce, 1910 OCCURRENCE. — Encountered at the three stations of the Kaw River (Fig. 1), in the wet season, during the Dissotrocha guyanensis n. sp. spring and neap tides, and in the dry season. (Fig. 2) DESCRIPTION TYPE LOCALITY. — Kaw River estuary (French Guiana), The anterior part, especially the corona, is incon- mud flat station (V). spicuous in the preserved state, except for the dorsal TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype: ♀ mounted on a slide antenna, which is slightly protruding in lateral view. (MNHN AM 871); paratypes: 3 ♀♀ mounted on slides The trunk is composed of three pseudosegments. (MNHN AM 875). The second pseudosegment is the widest, and the DIAGNOSIS. — Among the bdelloids, D. guyanensis n. sp. third is the narrowest. The posterior part of the body is easily distinguished due to the presence of four toes bears three pairs of spines: the first pair is the big- and three pairs of strong dorsal thorns. Two of the pairs gest and appears dorso-laterally on the larger part of are located at the end of the second pseudosegment of the trunk (the first one being more lateral), and the third the second pseudosegment, pointing forward. The is situated at the third pseudosegment of the trunk. The two others are on the second and the third segment, foot bears two acutely pointed, long spurs. The rami have respectively, and both point backward. ZOOSYSTEMA • 2006 • 28 (1) 7 Rougier C. & Pourriot R. A B mh It st A, B C D FIG. 3. — Epiphanes desmeti n. sp.: A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, corona; D, trophi. Abbreviations: lt, lateral tentacles; mh, medial hump; st, stout toes. Scale bars: A, B, 50 µm; D, 10 µm. 8 ZOOSYSTEMA • 2006 • 28 (1) New rotifers from the Kaw River (French Guiana) DISCUSSION TABLE 1. — Size range of tropical taxa of Epiphanes Ehrenberg, 1832 (length in µm). Abbreviation: DRC, Democratic Republic The French Guianan form undoubtedly belongs to of Congo. the genus Dissotrocha in view of its four toes, long spurs and viviparity (Donner 1965). To date, two E. desmeti Epiphanes sp. Veltae species with very long toes, D. aculeata (Ehrenberg, n. sp. (De Smet 1989) mesembrinus 1832) and D. hertzogi Hauer, 1939, have been rec- Locality Guiana DRC Madagascar ognized as belonging to the genus. Body 148-200 150-193 255-260 Although D. aculeata shows great variability Foot 31.2-36.4 47 ? (Berzins 1982a), the French Guianan taxon can- Toes 15.6-18.2 16-17 25-28 not be related to this group. Indeed, some of the characters appear more related to D. hertzogi, and OCCURRENCE. — This species was encountered at very particularly to D. hertzogi aculeata Koste, 1996 low numbers at the three sampling stations (Fig. 1), dur- from S Africa. The foot ofD. guyanensis n. sp. has ing spring tide as well as during neap tide. The African five articles as in D. hertzogi (three in D. aculeata), specimens of E. desmeti n. sp., collected by De Smet in a small, polluted pond (“manioc retting, washing and the third bearing two long spurs. Although not as bathing”), apparently show a predilection for organically long as those of D. hertzogi (40-50 µm versus 80- loaded water, which is also the case in French Guiana. 90 µm), these spurs are likewise straight, equally Epiphanes desmeti n. sp. could be a tropical vicariant of wide from the base to the tip, and acutely pointed. E. senta (O. F. Müller, 1773). The distal point is about 1/5 the length of the entire spur. This shape is very different from that DESCRIPTION of D. aculeata, which is curved with an enlarged Conical body with an enlarged anterior part basis. In addition, the number and position of (112 µm) that progressively tapers towards the the thorns are characteristic: the posterior part of foot. The foot is composed of three segments, the body only bears three pairs of spines, whereas the third being the longest. Two equal toes are in D. aculeata the spines are spread out all over almost as long as the last foot segment.
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  • About the Book the Format Acknowledgments

    About the Book the Format Acknowledgments

    About the Book For more than ten years I have been working on a book on bryophyte ecology and was joined by Heinjo During, who has been very helpful in critiquing multiple versions of the chapters. But as the book progressed, the field of bryophyte ecology progressed faster. No chapter ever seemed to stay finished, hence the decision to publish online. Furthermore, rather than being a textbook, it is evolving into an encyclopedia that would be at least three volumes. Having reached the age when I could retire whenever I wanted to, I no longer needed be so concerned with the publish or perish paradigm. In keeping with the sharing nature of bryologists, and the need to educate the non-bryologists about the nature and role of bryophytes in the ecosystem, it seemed my personal goals could best be accomplished by publishing online. This has several advantages for me. I can choose the format I want, I can include lots of color images, and I can post chapters or parts of chapters as I complete them and update later if I find it important. Throughout the book I have posed questions. I have even attempt to offer hypotheses for many of these. It is my hope that these questions and hypotheses will inspire students of all ages to attempt to answer these. Some are simple and could even be done by elementary school children. Others are suitable for undergraduate projects. And some will take lifelong work or a large team of researchers around the world. Have fun with them! The Format The decision to publish Bryophyte Ecology as an ebook occurred after I had a publisher, and I am sure I have not thought of all the complexities of publishing as I complete things, rather than in the order of the planned organization.
  • On the Serotonergic Nervous System of Two Planktonic Rotifers, Conochilus Coenobasis and C

    On the Serotonergic Nervous System of Two Planktonic Rotifers, Conochilus Coenobasis and C

    ARTICLE IN PRESS Zoologischer Anzeiger 245 (2006) 53–62 www.elsevier.de/jcz On the serotonergic nervous system of two planktonic rotifers, Conochilus coenobasis and C. dossuarius (Monogononta, Flosculariacea, Conochilidae) Rick Hochbergà Department of Biological Sciences, University of Massachusetts, One University Avenue, Lowell, MA 01854, USA Received 21 November 2005; received in revised form 4 April 2006; accepted 10 April 2006 Corresponding editor: M. Schmitt Abstract The serotonergic nervous systems of two non-colonial species of Conochilus were examined to obtain the first immunohistochemical insights into the neuroanatomy of species of Flosculariacea (Rotifera, Monogononta). Species of Conochilus, subgenus Conochiloides, were examined using serotonin (5-HT) immunohistochemistry, epifluorescence and confocal laser scanning microscopy, and 3D computer imaging software. In specimens of C. coenobasis and C. dossuarius, the serotonergic nervous system is defined by a dorsal cerebral ganglion, apically directed cerebral neurites, and paired nerve cords. The cerebral ganglion contains approximately four pairs of small 5-HT- immunoreactive perikarya; one pair innervates the posterior nerve cords and three pairs innervate the apical field. The most dorsal pair innervates a coronal nerve ring that encircles the apical field. Within the apical field is a second nerve ring that outlines the inner border of the coronal cilia. Together, both the inner and outer nerve rings may function to modulate ciliary activity of the corona. The other two pairs of perikarya innervate a region around the mouth. Specific differences in the distribution of serotonergic neurons between species of Conochilus and previously examined ploimate rotifers include the following: (a) a lack of immunoreactivity in the mastax; (b) a greater number of apically directed serotonergic neurites; and (c) a complete innervation of the corona in both species of Conochilus.
  • The Rotifers of Spanish Reservoirs: Ecological, Systematical and Zoogeographical Remarks

    The Rotifers of Spanish Reservoirs: Ecological, Systematical and Zoogeographical Remarks

    91 THE ROTIFERS OF SPANISH RESERVOIRS: ECOLOGICAL, SYSTEMATICAL AND ZOOGEOGRAPHICAL REMARKS Jordi de Manuel Barrabin Departament d'Ecologia, Universitat de Barcelona. Avd. Diagonal 645,08028 Barcelona. Spain,[email protected] ABSTRACT This article covers the rotifer data from a 1987/1988 survey of one hundred Spanish reservoirs. From each species brief infor- mation is given, focused mainly on ecology, morphology, zoogeography and distribution both in Spain and within reservoirs. New autoecological information on each species is also established giving conductivity ranges, alkalinity, pH and temperature for each. Original drawings and photographs obtained on both optical and electronic microscopy are shown of the majority of the species found. In total one hundred and ten taxa were identified, belonging to 101 species, representing 20 families: Epiphanidae (1): Brachionidae (23); Euchlanidae (1); Mytilinidae (1 ): Trichotriidae (3): Colurellidae (8); Lecanidae (1 5); Proalidae (2); Lindiidae (1); Notommatidae (5); Trichocercidae (7); Gastropodidae (5); Synchaetidae (1 1); Asplanchnidae (3); Testudinellidae (3); Conochiliidae (5):Hexarthridae (2); Filiniidae (3); Collothecidae (2); Philodinidae (Bdelloidea) (I). Thirteen species were new records for the Iberian rotifer fauna: Kerutella ticinensis (Ehrenberg); Lepadella (X.) ustucico- la Hauer; Lecane (M.) copeis Harring & Myers; Lecane tenuiseta Harring: Lecane (M.) tethis Harring & Myers; Proales fal- laciosa Wulfert; Lindia annecta Harring & Myers; Notommatu cerberus Hudson & Gosse; Notommata copeus Ehrenberg: Resticula nyssu Harring & Myers; Trichocerca vernalis Hauer; Gustropus hyptopus Ehrenberg: Collothecu mutabilis Hudson. Key Words: Rotifera, plankton, heleoplankton, reservoirs RESUMEN Este urticulo proporciona infiirmacicin sobre 10s rotferos hullados en el estudio 1987/88 realizudo sobre cien embalses espafioles. Para cnda especie se da una breve informacicin, ,fundamentalmente sobre aspectos ecoldgicos, morfoldgicos, zoo- geogriificos, asi como de su distribucidn en EspaAa y en los emldses.