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Download Full Article in PDF Format On some rare and new species of rotifers (Digononta, Bdelloida; Monogononta, Ploima and Flosculariaceae) in the Kaw River estuary (French Guiana) Claude ROUGIER Université Montpellier II, Écosystèmes lagunaires, case 093, F-34095 Montpellier cedex 05 (France) [email protected] Roger POURRIOT Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Département Milieux et Peuplements aquatiques, case postale 51, 55 rue Buffon, F-75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) [email protected] Rougier C. & Pourriot R. 2006. — On some rare and new species of rotifers (Digononta, Bdel- loida; Monogononta, Ploima and Flosculariaceae) in the Kaw River estuary (French Guiana). Zoosystema 28 (1) : 5-16. ABSTRACT The rotifer fauna of the Kaw River estuary (French Guiana) was investigated during the dry season/low water period (November 1998 and 2001) and the rainy season/flood period (June 1999) at three different stations (estuary, mud flat and mangrove creek). One hundred and eight taxa were identified, includ- KEY WORDS ing three new species described herein, Dissotrocha guyanensis n. sp. bearing Rotifera, three pairs of dorsal thorns on the trunk and two long (40-50 µm) spurs on Dissotrocha, Epiphanes, the foot; Epiphanes desmeti n. sp. a typical Epiphanes species with 10-12 (14?) Floscularia, uncinal teeth) ; and Floscularia curvicornis n. sp. bearing two long and curled Testudinella, ventral tentacles. Synchaeta arcifera Xu, 1998, is recorded from South America Synchaeta, French Guiana, for the first time. Some remarks about Testudinella haueriensis Gillard, 1967 new species. are also included. RÉSUMÉ Rotifères rares et nouveaux (Digononta, Bdelloida ; Monogononta, Ploima et Flos- culariaceae), de l’estuaire de la rivière de Kaw (Guyane française). La faune rotiférienne de la rivière de Kaw (Guyane française) a été étu- diée durant les saisons sèche (novembre 1998 et 2001, période d’étiage) et humide (juin 1999, période de crue), dans trois stations différentes (estuaire, vasière et mangrove). Cent huit taxons ont été recensés dont trois espèces, nouvelles pour la science, sont décrites ici : Dissotrocha guyanensis ZOOSYSTEMA • 2006 • 28 (1) © Publications Scientifiques du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris. www.zoosystema.com 5 Rougier C. & Pourriot R. MOTS CLÉS n. sp. présentant trois paires d’épines dorsales sur le tronc et deux longs Rotifera, éperons (40-50 µm) sur le pied ; Epiphanes desmeti n. sp. typique du genre Dissotrocha, Epiphanes, Epiphanes avec un uncus à 10-12 (14 ?) dents ; et Floscularia curvicornis Floscularia, n. sp. présentant deux longs tentacules ventraux enroulés. Une espèce est Testudinella, nouvellement mentionnée pour l’Amérique : Synchaeta arcifera Xu, 1998. Synchaeta, Guyane française, Par ailleurs, l’espèce Testudinella haueriensis Gillard, 1967 fait l’objet de espèces nouvelles. remarques d’ordre systématique. INTRODUCTION Kaw River estuary of French Guiana. Prepared in conjunction with a separate study on Neotropi- The rotifer fauna of the Neotropics is now relatively cal Rotifera (Rougier et al. 2005), this paper is well known, with many species having been recorded based on the identification of several new taxa by Koste and Jose de Paggi (Koste & Jose de Paggi whose morphology, distribution and ecology are 1982; Jose de Paggi & Koste 1995). Most studies described. have, however, focused on the central and south- ern countries of South America, with the northern regions (except for Venezuela, Michelangelli et al. SITE AND METHODS 1980; Zoppi De Roa et al. 1993) remaining largely unexplored to date. Plankton samplings were carried out in the Kaw The rotifer fauna of French Guiana has been River estuary (French Guiana) during the dry studied by Pourriot (1996, 1997) and Segers & season/low water period (November 1998 and Pourriot (1997), specifically in the large reservoir 2001) and during the rainy season/flood period of Petit-Saut. Starting in 1998, within the frame- (June 1999) at three different stations: estuary work of the “Programme national des écosystèmes (E), mud flat (V) and mangrove swamp (M) (see côtiers” (PNEC-GUYANE), a study has been con- Fig. 1). Samples were collected with a submerged ducted focusing on the zooplankton community pump located 1 m below the surface. The pumped- (which is absent from or only briefly mentioned up water flows through two filtering nets, the first in most studies on mangrove ecosystems) of the with a 150 µm mesh size (for mesozooplankton capture) and the second with a 40 µm mesh size (for microzooplankton capture, including rotifers). 54°W 52°W The animals were preserved in a neutral formalin Kaw River 5°N solution (4%). estuary The type material of the new taxa is deposited V 3°N in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris E 80 km (MNHN). The identification of rotifers was carried out using the classification criteria of De Beauchamp N M (1955), Gillard (1967), Koste (1972, 1978, 1996), 3 km Koste & Jose de Paggi (1982), Berzins (1982a, b), Brandorff et al. (1982), Koste et al. (1983), De Smet (1988, 1989), Nogrady & Pourriot (1995), FIG. 1. — Location of the three sampling stations of the Kaw River estuary (French Guiana). Abbreviations: E, estuary; M, mangrove Segers (1995, 1997), De Smet & Pourriot (1997), creek; V, mud flat. Hollowday (2002). 6 ZOOSYSTEMA • 2006 • 28 (1) New rotifers from the Kaw River (French Guiana) ch A B da C s th t cef FIG. 2. — Dissotrocha guyanensis n. sp.: A, lateral view; B, dorsal view; C, lateral view of foot end. Abbreviations: cef, contracted end of the foot; ch, contracted head; da, dorsal antenna; s, spurs; t, toes; th, thorns. Scale bars: A, 50 µm; B, 100 µm. SYSTEMATICS three median big teeth with many minor teeth. MEASUREMENTS (in µm). — Total length 280-330, spur Family PHILODINIDAE Ehrenberg, 1838 length 40-50. Genus Dissotrocha Bryce, 1910 OCCURRENCE. — Encountered at the three stations of the Kaw River (Fig. 1), in the wet season, during the Dissotrocha guyanensis n. sp. spring and neap tides, and in the dry season. (Fig. 2) DESCRIPTION TYPE LOCALITY. — Kaw River estuary (French Guiana), The anterior part, especially the corona, is incon- mud flat station (V). spicuous in the preserved state, except for the dorsal TYPE MATERIAL. — Holotype: ♀ mounted on a slide antenna, which is slightly protruding in lateral view. (MNHN AM 871); paratypes: 3 ♀♀ mounted on slides The trunk is composed of three pseudosegments. (MNHN AM 875). The second pseudosegment is the widest, and the DIAGNOSIS. — Among the bdelloids, D. guyanensis n. sp. third is the narrowest. The posterior part of the body is easily distinguished due to the presence of four toes bears three pairs of spines: the first pair is the big- and three pairs of strong dorsal thorns. Two of the pairs gest and appears dorso-laterally on the larger part of are located at the end of the second pseudosegment of the trunk (the first one being more lateral), and the third the second pseudosegment, pointing forward. The is situated at the third pseudosegment of the trunk. The two others are on the second and the third segment, foot bears two acutely pointed, long spurs. The rami have respectively, and both point backward. ZOOSYSTEMA • 2006 • 28 (1) 7 Rougier C. & Pourriot R. A B mh It st A, B C D FIG. 3. — Epiphanes desmeti n. sp.: A, dorsal view; B, ventral view; C, corona; D, trophi. Abbreviations: lt, lateral tentacles; mh, medial hump; st, stout toes. Scale bars: A, B, 50 µm; D, 10 µm. 8 ZOOSYSTEMA • 2006 • 28 (1) New rotifers from the Kaw River (French Guiana) DISCUSSION TABLE 1. — Size range of tropical taxa of Epiphanes Ehrenberg, 1832 (length in µm). Abbreviation: DRC, Democratic Republic The French Guianan form undoubtedly belongs to of Congo. the genus Dissotrocha in view of its four toes, long spurs and viviparity (Donner 1965). To date, two E. desmeti Epiphanes sp. Veltae species with very long toes, D. aculeata (Ehrenberg, n. sp. (De Smet 1989) mesembrinus 1832) and D. hertzogi Hauer, 1939, have been rec- Locality Guiana DRC Madagascar ognized as belonging to the genus. Body 148-200 150-193 255-260 Although D. aculeata shows great variability Foot 31.2-36.4 47 ? (Berzins 1982a), the French Guianan taxon can- Toes 15.6-18.2 16-17 25-28 not be related to this group. Indeed, some of the characters appear more related to D. hertzogi, and OCCURRENCE. — This species was encountered at very particularly to D. hertzogi aculeata Koste, 1996 low numbers at the three sampling stations (Fig. 1), dur- from S Africa. The foot ofD. guyanensis n. sp. has ing spring tide as well as during neap tide. The African five articles as in D. hertzogi (three in D. aculeata), specimens of E. desmeti n. sp., collected by De Smet in a small, polluted pond (“manioc retting, washing and the third bearing two long spurs. Although not as bathing”), apparently show a predilection for organically long as those of D. hertzogi (40-50 µm versus 80- loaded water, which is also the case in French Guiana. 90 µm), these spurs are likewise straight, equally Epiphanes desmeti n. sp. could be a tropical vicariant of wide from the base to the tip, and acutely pointed. E. senta (O. F. Müller, 1773). The distal point is about 1/5 the length of the entire spur. This shape is very different from that DESCRIPTION of D. aculeata, which is curved with an enlarged Conical body with an enlarged anterior part basis. In addition, the number and position of (112 µm) that progressively tapers towards the the thorns are characteristic: the posterior part of foot. The foot is composed of three segments, the body only bears three pairs of spines, whereas the third being the longest. Two equal toes are in D. aculeata the spines are spread out all over almost as long as the last foot segment.
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