DOCSLIB.ORG

The Highway and Economy Development a Historical Study of the Development of Economical Knots at the North Coastal of Java (Pantura) in 1930S - 1980S

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Highway and Economy Development a Historical Study of the Development of Economical Knots at the North Coastal of Java (Pantura) in 1930S - 1980S Paramita:Paramita: Historical Historical Studies Studies Journal, Journal, 28 28(1), (1), 2018: 2018 80-91 ISSN: 0854-0039, E-ISSN: 2407-5825 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/paramita.v28i1.13243 THE HIGHWAY AND ECONOMY DEVELOPMENT A HISTORICAL STUDY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMICAL KNOTS AT THE NORTH COASTAL OF JAVA (PANTURA) IN 1930S - 1980S Endah Sri Hartatik History Department, Faculty of Cultural Science, Diponegoro University ABSTRACT ABSTRAK This article analyze the relationship between Artikel ini menganalisis hubungan antara jalan Pantura (the north coastal) highway in Central raya Pantura (pesisir utara) di Jawa Tengah Java and the economy development society in dan masyarakat pengembangan ekonomi di those areas at the Dutch Colonial era. The daerah-daerah di era Kolonial Belanda. Ko- Dutch Colonial on the land transportation, lonial Belanda pada transportasi darat, teruta- especially in highway could open an oppor- ma di jalan raya bisa membuka peluang bagi tunity for the development of industries sector. pengembangan sektor industri. Di pesisir utara In the north coastal of Java, some cities Jawa, beberapa kota muncul, seperti Sema- emerged, such as Semarang, Pekalongan and rang, Pekalongan dan Kudus. Kota-kota indus- Kudus. Those industrial cities became a mag- tri tersebut menjadi magnet bagi masyarakat net for urban people to appear. They came to urban untuk tampil. Mereka datang ke kota- those cities for venturing as industrial laborers, kota tersebut untuk menjelajah sebagai buruh construction workers, blue-collar workers, industri, pekerja konstruksi, pekerja kerah such as housemaids, porters in terminal, mar- biru, seperti pembantu rumah tangga, kuli di ket and harbor. The better highway, the in- terminal, pasar dan pelabuhan. Jalan raya crease of factory production, and the provided yang lebih baik, peningkatan produksi pabrik, workers led the cities from Tegal to Semarang dan pekerja yang diberikan membawa kota- being the developed cities which never slept kota dari Tegal ke Semarang menjadi kota for 24 hours because they were a main road of maju yang tidak pernah tidur selama 24 jam goods transportation from the producers to the karena merupakan jalur utama transportasi consumers. Thus, this condition caused an barang dari produsen ke konsumen. Dengan adequate high mobility in the areas. demikian, kondisi ini menyebabkan mobilitas tinggi memadai di daerah. Keywords: highway, industries, magnet, cities, factory production, consumer. Kata kunci: jalan raya, industri, magnet, kota, produksi pabrik, konsumen. Author correspondence Email: [email protected] 80 Available online at http://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/paramita Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 28(1), 2018 INTRODUCTION transportations, especially trains. In Cen- Transportation is an interesting study for tral Java, Pantura road supports the knots many historians. However, the historical in the big cities and becomes social and study of transportation more focuses in economy connectors in the hinterland are- the water transportation until now, espe- as. There are two important cities in Cen- cially which is through sea, and train for tral Java which become a city connection the study of land transportation. The between other cities in the northern coast study of the land transportation concern- of Java and the hinterland areas. The de- ing the history of the highway is a new velopment of Pantura road causes a huge study which is also interesting. This is so effect towards the Javanese society’s life, strange because the importance of the especially in economy sector (Hartatik, highway becoming a public transportation 2016: 156-164).. in Indonesia, especially in Java, is certain- In the historical perspective, Pantura ty. There is a plan to build toll road at that highway is a reality of a necessary trans- time, that is trans-Java which is a monu- portation which exists till now, and it is mental project at this century. Then, the also used together with railway. Addition- raised question is how is the past experi- ally, it has function as the media connect- ence of Indonesia society, especially Cen- ing goods and people from a place to other tral Java about the use of highway in this places. Its emergence has encouraged an transportation? economy development in several areas Based on the literary reviews, it which become knots media, whether it is shows that a study of the way of the north- in coast areas or the hinterland areas. ern coast of Java (Pantai Utara Jawa, ab- Therefore, it is necessary to analyze those breviated as Pantura) in a historical per- historical development. spective is rarely observed (Sri Hartatik. Based on those problems, there are 2011), especially a study of the highway some research questions which become a transportation in a long period to post- framework in this research, namely (1) independence period. Besides, the study of How is the development of Pantura high- Pantura road at this time which is fre- way from the traffic highway and types of quently written, is about the technical transportation which were crossed above highway field, such as the bridge damage, in the end of the Dutch-Colonial govern- the length and shoulder of the road, the ment, the Old Order and the New Order; material requirement for road, etc. This (2) How is the development of the central research, the history of the historical high- cities in Pantura, Cental Java which were way in the northern coast of Central Java passed by those lands; (3) How are the from the early twentieth century to the effects of the emergence of the highway New Order, is never written before. towards the economy society in the north- Hence, in this historical research, it will be ern coast of Central Java from the end of analyzed the dynamics of the highway Dutch colonialization to Soeharto reign? construction development which has a function as an alternative transportation to RESEARCH METHODS change trains, and its effects towards the The data were gathered using several tech- social-economy development in those are- niques. The first technique was documen- as. tation. Documentation was conducted by Pantura road still overcomes several observing the documents which had infor- problems nowadays, such as traffic jam, mation about the highway. Those docu- traffic accident, etc. The road develop- ments investigated both in Indonesia and ment and maintenance were still done for in the Netherlands. The locations of data two centuries after Daendels had built collection in Indonesia included The Ja- those post highways. Roads are an im- karta National Archives, The Archives portant choice for transportation mode Institution and The Local Library in Cen- towards the other undeveloped public tral Java, Suara Merdeka Library, The Ja- 81 Paramita: Historical Studies Journal, 28(1), 2018 karta National Library, The Press Monu- roots of the social phenomena in the high- ment in Surakarta, The Central Bureau way. On the other hands, chronological Statistics in Central Java, some libraries in analysis included the exposition of time Yogyakarta, etc. The data in the Nether- chronologically about the development of lands gathered from the Den Haag Na- highway and other aspects related to the tional Archives (ARA), KITLV library in emergence of Pantura highway. Leiden, and Leiden University Library (Kuntowijoyo, 2004; Lombard, 1999). through a friend who was studying and The provided model uses the the- conducting research in the Netherlands matic model combined with a chronologi- because the self-investigation would spend cal model. The thematic model meant that expensive costs. the title of the chapters referred to themes The second technique was interview and sub-titles in the form of chronology. of the verbal history. The verbal history interview was used to reveal unrecorded RESULT AND DISCUSSION facts in the written documents or to pro- Transportation Network vide deeper information from the data col- The development of Semarang as a harbor lected from the sources. city was related to the development of There are two aspects of conducting trade in the northern coast in Java. About interviews, namely a topic interview and a 1412, there was a Chinese community in life story interview (Chew, 1998 : 47-48). Semarang which lived in Gedung Batu The topic interview focused in the certain area or Simongan and in the side of Sema- topics related to the history of Pantura rang river. Those areas werere chosen as highway, for instance traffic policy, driv- living places for the Chinese community er’s habit, environment changes, etc. The because they were the best and the most life story interview revealed a person’s life strategic areas. Simongan area included related to the context of the observed his- the bay located between the estuary of Se- tory. Due to the context concerning the marang river and Semarang harbor highway history, the revealed life story (Suliyati, 2011:9). Along with the devel- through interview was people who were opment of Semarang as a harbor city, on 5 involved in Pantura highway activities, October 1705, an agreement was arranged starting from the policy takers to its users, between Paku Buwono I and VOC for example police officials, bina marga, (Verenigde Oost Indische Compagnie) in weighbridge and transport drivers. This Kartasura which decided a law status of interview was conducted to some inter- Semarang for VOC government as the viewees, namely both the history agents second city after Batavia. This agreement and the history witnesses who saw, lis- led an effect of economy development in tened, or gathered information from other the areas around Semarang, indicated by people, for example their superior, par- many emergences of onderneming- ents, or best friends concerning the rele- onderneming, the sugar factories, and other vant information related to those topics. trades which attract traders to earn living The individual interview was con- in Semarang coming from various ethnics ducted to gather information individually and areas.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Training Effectiveness of Beef Cattle Fatening Business Based On
    ISSN (Online) 2456 -1304 International Journal of Science, Engineering and Management (IJSEM) Vol 2, Issue 12, December 2017 Training Effectiveness of Beef Cattle Fatening Business Based on Industry Waste in Indonesia [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] Sudiyono, Shanti Emawati, Diffah Hanim, Endang Tri Rahayu, Ratih Dewanti [1245] Department of Animal Husbandry, Agriculture Faculty, Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia [3] Department of Science of Nutrition, Medical Faculty, Sebelas Maret University, Indonesia Abstract— The purpose of this research activity is to analyze the effectiveness of training of beef cattle fattening industry based on waste of brem industry as an indicator of training success. This research was conducted on May 4 to August 28, 2017 in Gebang Village, Nguntoronadi District, Wonogiri Regency, Indonesia. The research design used pre-experimental design with one group pretest and posttest design. Determination of research location is done by purposive and respondent determination by purposive method that is beef cattle rancher who follow training of beef cattle fattening industry based on brem waste in Gebang Village. The data used include the primary data from the questionnaires by respondents who are beef cattle ranchers who participated in the business training of beef cattle fattening based on the waste of brem industry and secondary data obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) of Wonogiri Regency and the Animal Husbandry, Fishery and Marine Office of Wonogiri Regency. Data analysis used is descriptive analysis. The results showed that there was an increase in knowledge of respondents who attended the business training of beef cattle fattening based on brem industry waste in Gebang Village, Nguntoronadi District, Wonogiri Regency.
    [Show full text]
  • Library.Uns.Ac.Id Digilib.Uns.Ac.Id Translating Tourism Content Of
    library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id Translating Tourism Content of Jepara Regency from Bahasa Indonesia into English Internship Report Submitted to meet a part of the requirements to obtain an Ahli Madya Degree in English Language by Lucky Anandyawati C9314036 English Diploma Program Faculty of Cultural Sciences Sebelas Maret University 2017 1 library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id ii library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id iii library.uns.ac.id digilib.uns.ac.id ACKNOWLEDGMENT First and foremost, I would like to express my biggest praise to Almighty God, Allah SWT who always gives me strength, patience and guidance to finish my internship and to complete my final report after all the challenges and difficulties that I had to face. This report could not be done without the support from important people around me. Therefore, I would like to send my deepest thanks to those who have supported me during the writing of this final report. 1. Prof. Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed., Ph.D, as the Dean of Faculty of Cultural Sciences. 2. Agus Dwi Priyanto, M.CALL, as the head of English Diploma Program. 3. Karunia P. Kusciati, S.S., M.Si, as my final report supervisor for her advice, time and guidance in the process of writing this report. 4. Bayu Budiharjo S.S., M.hum, as my academic supervisor, for all the advices during my study. 5. My Beloved Parents, thanks for the guidance, supports, prayers and encouragements. 6. All of the staffs at TIC Jepara, for their help and assistance.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Economic Growth Factors in West Pantura Areas of Central Java
    Jejak Vol 9 (1) (2016): 145-158. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jejak.v9i1.7204 JEJAK Journal of Economics and Policy http://journal.unnes.ac.id/nju/index.php/jejak Analysis of Economic Growth Factors in West Pantura Areas of Central Java Sarwono1 1Diponegoro University, Indonesia Permalink/DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jejak.v9i1.7204 Received: January 2016; Accepted: February 2016; Published: March 2016 Abstract There are six factors of economic growth which influence on the economic growth level is analyzed in this research. The factors are: General Allocation Fund, government expenditure, investment, quality of human resources, agglomeration, and labor. The analysis tool used ist the regression of data panel/pooled data with the approach of Least Square Dummy Variable (lSDV). This approach is used because it is in accordance with the aim of research, which is to know the role of the economic growth factors to the GDP and to know the rate of economic growth from 2004 to 2013 in the West Pantura (northern coastal) areas of Central Java. From the estimation, it is known that the economic growth factor of human resource is the one that influence the GDP ipm with coefficient of 0.199316 percent, followed by the labor factor with coefficient of 0.165086 percent, an investment of 0.0013066 percent and the government expenditure with coefficient of minus 0.019731 percent. However, the General Allocation Funds does not have much influence on the economic growth, only at 0.009572 percent. Whereas, the agglomeration has no influence on the role of the GDP and on the economic growth in the West Pantura areas of Central Java.
    [Show full text]
  • Analysis of Sustainable Tourism Village Development at Kutoharjo Village, Kendal Regency of Central Java
    Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences 184 ( 2015 ) 273 – 280 5th Arte Polis International Conference and Workshop – “Reflections on Creativity: Public Engagement and The Making of Place”, Arte-Polis 5, 8-9 August 2014, Bandung, Indonesia Analysis of Sustainable Tourism Village Development at Kutoharjo Village, Kendal Regency of Central Java Mega Sesotyaningtyasa*, Asnawi Manafb aSchool of Architecture, Planning, and Policy Development, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia bFaculty of Urban and Regional Planning Engineering, University of Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia Abstract Kutoharjo has slums problems, however, Kutoharjo also has the potential to be developed as a tourism village since it has attractive objects of religious sites, natural scenery, and unique culinary. These tourism potentials are utilized by the communities in the region to encourage economic activities, so that they can generate income and upgrade their inadequate dwelling condition. This research aims to evaluate the feasibility of tourism village development in Kutoharjo using positivist research approach. The elements of tourism anatomy, social and economic feasibility, and financial feasibility are evaluated. The results based on the analysis of tourism anatomy shows that Kutoharjo has sufficient infrastructure and tourism facilities. Unfortunately, the financial feasibility shows that tourism village development in Kutoharjo for slum upgrading effort was not feasible. Various strategies need to be applied for tourism village development in Kutoharjo by involving people as the main subject to sustainable development. ©© 20152015 The The Authors. Authors. Published Published by byElsevier Elsevier Ltd. Ltd This. is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (Peerhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/-review under responsibility of the Scientific).
    [Show full text]
  • Changing Policies Over Timber Supply and Its Potential Impacts to the Furniture Industries of Jepara, Indonesia
    JMHT Vol. XXI, (1): 36-44, April 2015 Scientific Article EISSN: 2089-2063 ISSN: 2087-0469 DOI: 10.7226/jtfm.21.1.36 Changing policies over timber supply and its potential impacts to the furniture industries of Jepara, Indonesia Dodik Ridho Nurrochmat1*, Efi Yuliati Yovi1, Oki Hadiyati2, Muhammad Sidiq3, James Thomas Erbaugh44 1Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forestry, Bogor Agricultural University, Academic Ring Road, Campus IPB Dramaga, PO Box 168, Bogor, Indonesia 16680 2Ministry of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia, Gedung Manggala Wanabakti Block I, 3th Floor Gatot Subroto, Senayan, Jakarta, Indonesia 10270 3CBFM and Agroforestry GIZ BIOCLIME, Jl. Jendral Sudirman Km. 3,5 No 2837 Palembang, Indonesia 4School of Natural Resources and Environment, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA Received March 2, 2015/Accepted April 28, 2015 Abstract Though some scholars argue that Indonesian wood furniture industries are in decline, these industries remain a driving force for regional and national economies. Indonesian wood furniture has a long value chain, including: forest farmers, log traders, artisans, and furniture outlets. In Jepara, Central Java, wood furniture industries contain significant regional and historical importance. Jeparanese wood furniture industries demonstrated great resilience during the economic crisis in the late nineties. Although they were previously able to withstand the pressures of economic crisis, the enactment of Minister of Forestry Regulation (MoFor Reg.) 7/2009 on wood allocation for local use -as one of the implementing regulation of Decentralization Law 32/2004- causes a potential reduction of wood supply to Jepara. Since September 30th, 2014, however, the constellation of domestic timber politics has changed due to the new decentralization law (23/2014), which shifted most regulations on forest and forest products from the regency to the province.
    [Show full text]
  • Performance Evaluation on Low-Crest Breakwater at North Coast of Java Island
    Journal of the Civil Engineering Forum Vol. 4 No. 2 (May 2018) Performance Evaluation on Low-Crest Breakwater at North Coast of Java Island Parlindungan Sudrajat Simanjuntak Board of Kalimantan I River Basin, Ministry of Public Works, Pontianak, INDONESIA [email protected] ABSTRACT Low-crest breakwater is one of coastal safety structures that used in managing the erosion at along the coast. As a newly studied and used coastal safety structure in Indonesia, the use of the structure requires an evaluation of whether its application is succeeded or not. Therefore, evaluation regarding on the utilization of coastal safety structure in form of low-crest breakwater was conducted. The research was to be conducted in locations that have low-crest breakwater structures, which is Pekalongan City, Demak Regency, and Jepara Regency. The research was conducted by using primary data in form of direct observation on location of implementation; and secondary data in form of tidal, wave, and coast material data. These data were expected to be able to provide a depiction on whether the low-crest breakwater structure application in Pekalongan City, Demak Regency, and Jepara Regency are succeeded. The observation in the implementation area showed positive result in the form of coast sedimentation in Pekalongan City and Demak Regency; although structural damage occurred in the Jepara Regency location. The matters that related to this condition were structure material and coast utilization. The material of the structured use geo- textile with 5 to 7 years usage time—in which damage would develop when in direct contact with human or if there’s sharp material towards the coast.
    [Show full text]
  • Assessing the Priority Area of Mountainous Tourism Using Geospatial Approach in Kendal Regency, Central Java
    E3S Web of Conferences 31, 12003 (2018) https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183112003 ICENIS 2017 Assessing the Priority Area of Mountainous Tourism Using Geospatial Approach in Kendal Regency, Central Java Riwayatiningsih2,* and Hartuti Purnaweni1,2 1Doctoral Program of Environmental Science, School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro University, Semarang - Indonesia 2Master Program of Environmental Science, School of Postgraduate Studies, Diponegoro University, Semarang - Indonesia Abstract. Kendal is one of 35 regencies in Central Java which has diverse topographies, from low land, hilly, to mountainous areas. Mountainous area of Kendal with numerous unique and distinct natural environments, supported by various unique and distinct culture of its community can be used for tourism activities. Kendal has natural and sociocultural resources for developing tourism that must be considered by the local government. Therefore, nature based tourism resources assessment is important in order to determine the appropriate area in the planning of sustainable tourism destination. The objectives of this study are to assess and prioritize the potential area of mountainous tourism object in Kendal using geospatial approach based on criteria attractiveness, accessibility and amenity of the tourism object. Those criteria are modification of ADO-ODTWA guidelines and condition of the study location. There are 16 locations of tourism object that will be assessed. The result will be processed using ArcMap 10.3. The result will show the most potential tourism object that could become priority for mountainous tourism development in Kendal. 1 Introduction Tourism Object and Attraction) Guidelines issued by the Directorate General of Forest Protection and Nature Kendal is one of 35 regencies in Central Java which has Conservation [6] Oktadiyani, et.al [7] analyzed the diverse topographies, from low land, hilly to Kamojang Crater Nature Park of Bandung Regency, mountainous areas.
    [Show full text]
  • Pendampingan Siswa Pada Program Belajar Dari Rumah Untuk Membangun Semangat Siswa Sekolah Dasar Di Desa Pekalongan Kecamatan Winong Kabupaten Pati
    JIPS, Vol. 2 No. 1 Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran di Sekolah Halaman: 12 - 17 DOI: https://doi.org/10.51874/jips.v1i01.8 Mei 2021 ISSN 2774-9363 (Cetak) ISSN 2774-9746 (Online) Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran di Sekolah Pendampingan Siswa pada Program Belajar Dari Rumah untuk Membangun Semangat Siswa Sekolah Dasar di Desa Pekalongan Kecamatan Winong Kabupaten Pati Indah Puji Lestari, Veryliana Purnamasari, Iin Purnamasari Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar, Universitas PGRI Semarang Email: [email protected] Abstrak Desa Pekalongan adalah sebuah desa yang ada di Kecamatan Winong, Kabupaten Pati, Provinsi Jawa Tengah Indonesia. Kegiatan Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) yang dilaksanakan mulai 26 Januari sampai dengan 26 Februari 2021, Berdasarkan data yang diperoleh Desa Pekalongan memiliki kondisi, potensi, dan permasalahan yang berbeda-beda seperti adanya permasalahan yang dirasakan siswa SD, SMP, SMA yang terdampak adanya Covid- 19 menjadikkannya mau tidak mau siswa-siswi memberlangsungkan program belajar dari rumah. Kuliah Kerja Nyata (KKN) merupakan bentuk kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat yang bersifat khusus, karena dalam KKN darma pendidikan dan pengajaran, penelitian serta pengabdian masyarakat dipadukan kedalamnya dan melibatkan sejumlah mahasiswa dan sejumlah staf pengajar, serta unsur masyarakat. Berdasarkan hal tersebut mahasiswa KKN Universitas PGRI Semarang tidak terlepas fungsinya sebagai mahasiswa pendidikan, diharapkan dapat menyalurkan ilmu atau pengetahuan yang didapat dari bangku perkuliahan kepada orang lain. Teknik
    [Show full text]
  • Kota Semarang
    Katalog : 1102001.3374 KOTA SEMARANG 2017 http://semarangkota.bps.go.id 1 / 164 BADAN PUSAT STATISTIK KOTA SEMARANG Kota Semarang Dalam Angka 2017 i KOTA SEMARANG 2017 http://semarangkota.bps.go.id 2 / 164 Kota Semarang Dalam Angka 2017 iii Kota Semarang Dalam Angka Semarang Municipality in Figures 2017 ISSN: 9786027102132 No. Publikasi/Publication Number: 33740.1704 Katalog/Catalog: 1102001.3374 Ukuran Buku/Book Size: 14,8 cm x 21 cm Jumlah Halaman/Number of Pages: xviii + 128 halaman /pages Naskah/Manuscript: Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Semarang BPS-Statistics of Semarang Municipality Gambar Kover oleh/Cover Designed by: Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Semarang BPS-Statistics of Semarang Municipality Ilustrasi Kover/Cover Illustration: Lawang Sewu/ Lawang Sewu (diambil dari hello-pet.com) Diterbitkan oleh/Published by: © BPS Kota Semarang/BPS-Statistics of Semarang Municipality Dicetak oleh/Printed by: CV. Citra Yunda 3 / 164 http://semarangkota.bps.go.id Dilarang mengumumkan, mendistribusikan, mengomunikasikan, dan/atau meng- gandakan sebagian atau seluruh isi buku ini untuk tujuan komersial tanpa izin tertu- lis dari Badan Pusat Statistik Kota Semarang Prohibited to announce, distribute, communicate, and/or copy part or all of this book for commercial purpose without permission from BPS-Statistics Semarang Municipali- ty http://semarangkota.bps.go.id 4 / 164 KEPALA BPS KOTA SEMARANG CHIEF STATISTICIAN OF SEMARANG MUNICIPALITY http://semarangkota.bps.go.id 5 / 164 ERISMAN, MSI KATA PENGANTAR Kota Semarang Dalam Angka 2017 merupakan publikasi tahunan yang diterbitkan oleh BPS Kota Semarang. Disadari bahwa publikasi ini belum sepenuhnya memenuhi harapan pihak pemakai data khususnya para perencana, namun diharapkan dapat membantu melengkapi penyusunan rencana pembangunan di Kota Semarang.
    [Show full text]
  • Jawa Tengah Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta
    110?0'0"E 110?12'0"E 110?24'0"E 110?36'0"E 110?48'0"E 111?0'0"E WINDUSARI SECANG SIMO KARANGMALANG Mt. Merbabu BabadanNOGOSARI Tempuredj KALIWUNGU PLUPUH KALIWIRO KALIANGKRIK Magelang JAWA TENGAH AMPEL SAMBI KALIJAMBE SAPURAN BANDONGAN TEGALREJO MASARAN SRAGEN PAKIS GONDANGREJO KEDAWUNG WONOSOBO MAGELANG SELATAN Banjumari SELO Ranousari CEPOGO NGEMPLAK Djambangan CANDIMULYO SAWANGAN BOYOLALIBojolali KEBAKKRAMAT KEPIL KAJORAN Gatakan Mt. Merapi COLOMADUBANJARSARI WADASLINTANG BANYUDONO KERJO MARTOYUDAN DUKUN TERAS JEBRES TEMPURAN BOYOLALI Kartosuro MOJOGEDANG MAGELANGMUNTILAN KARTASURA MUSUK MOJOSONGO LAWEYAN Surakarta TASIKMADU BRUNO Broena SRUMBUNG SAWIT JATEN PASAR KLIWON KARANGANYAR GATAK SALAMAN Balaboedoer Srumbung TULUNG SERENGAN PITURUH MOJOLABAN BENER MUNGKID KARANGANYAR Bener KEMALANG POLANHARJO KARANGPANDAN 7?36'0"S 7?36'0"S SALAM WONOSARI BAKI GROGOL GEBANG BOROBUDUR TURI CANGKRINGAN Bandjarsari DELANGGU Pablengan JATINOM MATESIH KEMIRI Bedojo Pangkalan POLOKARTO NGLUWAR KARANGANOM PAKEM SUKOHARJO JUMANTONO TEMPEL KARANGNONGKONGAWEN JUWIRING Kemiri LOANO Kaliredjo Bangsri Koeangsan MANISRENGGO CEPER BENDOSARI KALIBAWANGSAMIGALUH SLEMAN KLATEN SLEMAN PEDAN SUKOHARJO Purworedjo Purworejo NGAGLIK NGEMPLAK KEBONARUM Klaten KARANGDOWO JUMAPOLO PURWOREJOBAYAN Sleman PURWOREJO JOGONALAN KALIKOTES KUTOARJO KALIGESING SEYEGAN TAWANGSARI Belang MINGGIR PRAMBANANKLATEN SELATAN TRUCUK BUTUH MLATI NGUTER NANGGULAN KALASAN KLATEN TENGAH Cawas Karangasem JATIPURO Purworejo Kutu Kalasan BANYU URIP Naggulan CAWAS GODEAN DEPOK WEDI MOYUDAN JETIS
    [Show full text]
  • Best Weighted Selection in Handling Error Heterogeneity Problem on Spatial Regression Model
    Best Weighted Selection in Handling Error Heterogeneity Problem on Spatial Regression Model Sri Sulistijowati Handajani1, Cornelia Ardiana Savita2, Hasih Pratiwi1, and Yuliana Susanti1 1Statistics of Study Program FMIPA, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl.Ir. Sutami 36 A Kentingan, Surakarta, Indonesia 2Mathematics of Study Program FMIPA, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl.Ir. Sutami 36 A Kentingan, Surakarta, Indonesia Keywords: Spatial Regression Model, Heterogeneity in Error, Ensemble Technique, R2, RMSE. Abstract: Spatial regression model is a regression model that is formed because of the relationship between independent variables with dependent variable with spasial effect. This is due to a strong relationship of observation in a location with other adjacent locations. One of assumptions in spatial regression model is homogeneous of error variance, but we often find the diversity of data in several different locations. This causes the assumption is not met. One such case is the poverty case data in Central Java Province. The objective of this research is to get the best model from this data with the heterogeneity in error. Ensemble technique is done by simulating noises (m) from normal distribution with mean nol and a standard deviation σ of the spasial model error taken and adding noise to the dependent variable. The technique is done by comparing the queen weighted and the cross-correlation normalization weighted in forming the model. Furthermore, with these two weights, the results will be compared using R2 and RMSE on the poverty case data in province of Central Java. Both of weights are calculated to determine the significant factors that give influence on poverty and to choose the best model.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Changes in the Semarang-Grobogan Railroad Line Area As the Result of the Change in Transportation Policy
    Environmental Changes in the Semarang-Grobogan Railroad Line Area as the Result of the Change in Transportation Policy Endah Sri Hartatik1, Agust Supriyono2, Budi Puspo Priyadi3, Wasino4, Fitri Amalia Shintasiwi5 {[email protected], [email protected], [email protected]} 1,2,3Diponegoro University, Indonesia 4,5Universitas Negeri Semarang, Indonesia Abstract. Train is a kind of mass transportation in Indonesia which has expanded widely in the late 19th and early of 20th centuries. However, since the 1980s, this kind of transportation has not developed. Many railroad tracks were closed because train got a rival, namely road transportation. One of the non-functioning railroad line was the Semarang-Grobogan line. This paper examines environmental changes due to the closure of the railroad line. The method used was the historical method with document data sources and oral historical interview. The results showed that there had been an environmental change in the railroad. The train station which was originally a very clean city center became a densely populated and slum settlement center. In addition, selling stalls which have been established made the station not visible. This pattern occurred in all stations such as Godong, Purwodadi Kota, and Wirosari Stations. These environmental changes were not followed by environmental arrangements. Therefore, this made the land ownership status belonged to Indonesian Railway Company legally, but factually, it was occupied by the surrounding population. Based on these data, it was necessary to have a synergistic environmental management policy between the government of Grobogan Regency and Indonesian Railway Company. Keywords: Environmental Changes, Train, Kind of Transportation, Settlement, Shopping Complex, Slum.
    [Show full text]