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Our Place in the Universe (239 Pages)
OUR PLACE IN THE uNIVERSE Norman k. Glendenning Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratiry World scientific Imperial College Press Published by Imperial College Press 57 Shelton Street Covent Garden London WC2H 9HE and World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. 5 Toh Tuck Link, Singapore 596224 USA office: 27 Warren Street, Suite 401-402, Hackensack, NJ 07601 UK office: 57 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9HE Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Glendenning, Norman K. Our place in the universe / Norman K. Glendenning. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13 978-981-270-068-1 -- ISBN-10 981-270-068-4 ISBN-13 978-981-270-069-8 (pbk) -- ISBN-10 981-270-069-2 (pbk) 1. Cosmology. 2. Galaxies--Formation. 3. Galaxies--Evolution. 4. Astrophysics. 5. Solar system--Origin. I. Title. QB981 .G585 2007 523.1--dc22 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Cover picture: The Horsehead is a reflection nebula; it is located in the much larger Orion Nebula, an immense molecular cloud of primordial hydrogen and helium, together dust cast off by the surfaces of stars. The clouds that form the Horsehead are illuminated from behind by a stellar nursery of young bright stars. Credit: Photo taken at Mauna Kea, Hawaii with the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. Copyright © 2007 by Imperial College Press and World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd. All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval system now known or to be invented, without written permission from the Publisher. -
Navigating North America
deep-sky wonders by sue french Navigating North America the north america nebula is one of the most impres- NGC 6997 is the most obvious cluster within the confines sive nebulae glowing in our sky. This nebula’s remarkable of the North America Nebula. To me, it looks as though it’s resemblance to the North American continent makes it bet- been plunked down on the border between Ohio and West ter known by its common name — bestowed not by a resi- Virginia. Putting 4.8-magnitude 57 Cygni at the western dent of North America, but by German astrono- edge of a low-power eyepiece field should bring NGC 6997 Knowing mer Max Wolf. In 1890 Wolf became the first into view. My 4.1-inch scope at 17× displays a dusting of person to photograph the North America Nebula, very faint stars. At 47×, it’s a pretty cluster, rich in faint your and for many years this remained the only way to stars, spanning 10′. Through my 10-inch reflector, I count geography fully appreciate its distinctive shape. With today’s 40 stars, mostly of magnitude 11 and 12. Many are abundance of short-focal-length telescopes and arranged in two incomplete circles, one inside the other. puts you wide-field eyepieces, we can more readily enjoy Is NGC 6997 actually involved in the North America one step this large nebula visually. Nebula? It’s difficult to tell because the distances are poorly The North America Nebula, NGC 7000 or Cald- known. A journal article earlier this year puts NGC 6997 at ahead in well 20, is certainly easy to locate. -
BRAS Newsletter August 2013
www.brastro.org August 2013 Next meeting Aug 12th 7:00PM at the HRPO Dark Site Observing Dates: Primary on Aug. 3rd, Secondary on Aug. 10th Photo credit: Saturn taken on 20” OGS + Orion Starshoot - Ben Toman 1 What's in this issue: PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE....................................................................................................................3 NOTES FROM THE VICE PRESIDENT ............................................................................................4 MESSAGE FROM THE HRPO …....................................................................................................5 MONTHLY OBSERVING NOTES ....................................................................................................6 OUTREACH CHAIRPERSON’S NOTES .........................................................................................13 MEMBERSHIP APPLICATION .......................................................................................................14 2 PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE Hi Everyone, I hope you’ve been having a great Summer so far and had luck beating the heat as much as possible. The weather sure hasn’t been cooperative for observing, though! First I have a pretty cool announcement. Thanks to the efforts of club member Walt Cooney, there are 5 newly named asteroids in the sky. (53256) Sinitiere - Named for former BRAS Treasurer Bob Sinitiere (74439) Brenden - Named for founding member Craig Brenden (85878) Guzik - Named for LSU professor T. Greg Guzik (101722) Pursell - Named for founding member Wally Pursell -
Arxiv:2012.09981V1 [Astro-Ph.SR] 17 Dec 2020 2 O
Contrib. Astron. Obs. Skalnat´ePleso XX, 1 { 20, (2020) DOI: to be assigned later Flare stars in nearby Galactic open clusters based on TESS data Olga Maryeva1;2, Kamil Bicz3, Caiyun Xia4, Martina Baratella5, Patrik Cechvalaˇ 6 and Krisztian Vida7 1 Astronomical Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences 251 65 Ondˇrejov,The Czech Republic(E-mail: [email protected]) 2 Lomonosov Moscow State University, Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Universitetsky pr. 13, 119234, Moscow, Russia 3 Astronomical Institute, University of Wroc law, Kopernika 11, 51-622 Wroc law, Poland 4 Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotl´aˇrsk´a2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic 5 Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia Galileo Galilei, Vicolo Osservatorio 3, 35122, Padova, Italy, (E-mail: [email protected]) 6 Department of Astronomy, Physics of the Earth and Meteorology, Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynsk´adolina F-2, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia 7 Konkoly Observatory, Research Centre for Astronomy and Earth Sciences, H-1121 Budapest, Konkoly Thege Mikl´os´ut15-17, Hungary Received: September ??, 2020; Accepted: ????????? ??, 2020 Abstract. The study is devoted to search for flare stars among confirmed members of Galactic open clusters using high-cadence photometry from TESS mission. We analyzed 957 high-cadence light curves of members from 136 open clusters. As a result, 56 flare stars were found, among them 8 hot B-A type ob- jects. Of all flares, 63 % were detected in sample of cool stars (Teff < 5000 K), and 29 % { in stars of spectral type G, while 23 % in K-type stars and ap- proximately 34% of all detected flares are in M-type stars. -
Star Formation in the “Gulf of Mexico”
A&A 528, A125 (2011) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/200912671 & c ESO 2011 Astrophysics Star formation in the “Gulf of Mexico” T. Armond1,, B. Reipurth2,J.Bally3, and C. Aspin2, 1 SOAR Telescope, Casilla 603, La Serena, Chile e-mail: [email protected] 2 Institute for Astronomy, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 640 N. Aohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720, USA e-mail: [reipurth;caa]@ifa.hawaii.edu 3 Center for Astrophysics and Space Astronomy, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80309, USA e-mail: [email protected] Received 9 June 2009 / Accepted 6 February 2011 ABSTRACT We present an optical/infrared study of the dense molecular cloud, L935, dubbed “The Gulf of Mexico”, which separates the North America and the Pelican nebulae, and we demonstrate that this area is a very active star forming region. A wide-field imaging study with interference filters has revealed 35 new Herbig-Haro objects in the Gulf of Mexico. A grism survey has identified 41 Hα emission- line stars, 30 of them new. A small cluster of partly embedded pre-main sequence stars is located around the known LkHα 185-189 group of stars, which includes the recently erupting FUor HBC 722. Key words. Herbig-Haro objects – stars: formation 1. Introduction In a grism survey of the W80 region, Herbig (1958) detected a population of Hα emission-line stars, LkHα 131–195, mostly The North America nebula (NGC 7000) and the adjacent Pelican T Tauri stars, including the little group LkHα 185 to 189 located nebula (IC 5070), both well known for the characteristic shapes within the dark lane of the Gulf of Mexico, thus demonstrating that have given rise to their names, are part of the single large that low-mass star formation has recently taken place here. -
A Basic Requirement for Studying the Heavens Is Determining Where In
Abasic requirement for studying the heavens is determining where in the sky things are. To specify sky positions, astronomers have developed several coordinate systems. Each uses a coordinate grid projected on to the celestial sphere, in analogy to the geographic coordinate system used on the surface of the Earth. The coordinate systems differ only in their choice of the fundamental plane, which divides the sky into two equal hemispheres along a great circle (the fundamental plane of the geographic system is the Earth's equator) . Each coordinate system is named for its choice of fundamental plane. The equatorial coordinate system is probably the most widely used celestial coordinate system. It is also the one most closely related to the geographic coordinate system, because they use the same fun damental plane and the same poles. The projection of the Earth's equator onto the celestial sphere is called the celestial equator. Similarly, projecting the geographic poles on to the celest ial sphere defines the north and south celestial poles. However, there is an important difference between the equatorial and geographic coordinate systems: the geographic system is fixed to the Earth; it rotates as the Earth does . The equatorial system is fixed to the stars, so it appears to rotate across the sky with the stars, but of course it's really the Earth rotating under the fixed sky. The latitudinal (latitude-like) angle of the equatorial system is called declination (Dec for short) . It measures the angle of an object above or below the celestial equator. The longitud inal angle is called the right ascension (RA for short). -
LIST of PUBLICATIONS Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences ARIES (An Autonomous Scientific Research Institute
LIST OF PUBLICATIONS Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences ARIES (An Autonomous Scientific Research Institute of Department of Science and Technology, Govt. of India) Manora Peak, Naini Tal - 263 129, India (1955−2020) ABBREVIATIONS AA: Astronomy and Astrophysics AASS: Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series ACTA: Acta Astronomica AJ: Astronomical Journal ANG: Annals de Geophysique Ap. J.: Astrophysical Journal ASP: Astronomical Society of Pacific ASR: Advances in Space Research ASS: Astrophysics and Space Science AE: Atmospheric Environment ASL: Atmospheric Science Letters BA: Baltic Astronomy BAC: Bulletin Astronomical Institute of Czechoslovakia BASI: Bulletin of the Astronomical Society of India BIVS: Bulletin of the Indian Vacuum Society BNIS: Bulletin of National Institute of Sciences CJAA: Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics CS: Current Science EPS: Earth Planets Space GRL : Geophysical Research Letters IAU: International Astronomical Union IBVS: Information Bulletin on Variable Stars IJHS: Indian Journal of History of Science IJPAP: Indian Journal of Pure and Applied Physics IJRSP: Indian Journal of Radio and Space Physics INSA: Indian National Science Academy JAA: Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy JAMC: Journal of Applied Meterology and Climatology JATP: Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics JBAA: Journal of British Astronomical Association JCAP: Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics JESS : Jr. of Earth System Science JGR : Journal of Geophysical Research JIGR: Journal of Indian -
Mandm Direct Spreads
Touring the moonlit Spring Skies... Observations from Saturday 11th May 2019 8.30pm - 2.15am Equipment used: TEC 140, tracking Nova Hitch Alt-Az with slow-mo controls and encoders on a Berlebach Planet, iPad Air2 running SkySafari Pro 5, Nexus WiFi, 10 and 21mm Ethos, Baader BBHS diagonal, Lumicon 2” UHC and OIII filters in a True-Tech manual filter wheel. Mixed forecasts, Clear Outside suggesting 27% cloud around midnight, Xasteria saying clear, Clear Outside loaded from within Xasteria offering something in-between (how do you get that, hey!?) and Meteoblue forecasting clear skies from 11 but with poor ‘Index 2’ and Jet Stream readings.... Having neglected visual astronomy for many months (having spent my time finally getting the imaging gear to play ball), I spent forty odd minutes re-learning how to set everything back up - in fact, it be on offer with the moon in attendance... took longer than it does to wheel out the imaging gear. Times have changed, my usual (100% visual) observing buddy was having a go at imaging (spectroscopy), so I was on my own for this evening. It meant I’d have to keep my own notes for a change, but also allow me to go at my own pace as I reacquainted myself with the night sky. By 8.30 I was ready to go, clear skies, still a shade of blue with a half moon hanging over in the south western sky. Temperature rapidly dropping. 21mm eyepiece in place easily held the entire moon. Fantastic details, sharp, contrasty, zero colour.. -
Open Clusters
Open Clusters Open clusters (also known as galactic clusters) are of tremendous importance to the science of astronomy, if not to astrophysics and cosmology generally. Star clusters serve as the "laboratories" of astronomy, with stars now all at nearly the same distance and all created at essentially the same time. Each cluster thus is a running experiment, where we can observe the effects of composition, age, and environment. We are hobbled by seeing only a snapshot in time of each cluster, but taken collectively we can understand their evolution, and that of their included stars. These clusters are also important tracers of the Milky Way and other parent galaxies. They help us to understand their current structure and derive theories of the creation and evolution of galaxies. Just as importantly, starting from just the Hyades and the Pleiades, and then going to more distance clusters, open clusters serve to define the distance scale of the Milky Way, and from there all other galaxies and the entire universe. However, there is far more to the study of star clusters than that. Anyone who has looked at a cluster through a telescope or binoculars has realized that these are objects of immense beauty and symmetry. Whether a cluster like the Pleiades seen with delicate beauty with the unaided eye or in a small telescope or binoculars, or a cluster like NGC 7789 whose thousands of stars are seen with overpowering wonder in a large telescope, open clusters can only bring awe and amazement to the viewer. These sights are available to all. -
Arxiv:2006.10868V2 [Astro-Ph.SR] 9 Apr 2021 Spain and Institut D’Estudis Espacials De Catalunya (IEEC), C/Gran Capit`A2-4, E-08034 2 Serenelli, Weiss, Aerts Et Al
Noname manuscript No. (will be inserted by the editor) Weighing stars from birth to death: mass determination methods across the HRD Aldo Serenelli · Achim Weiss · Conny Aerts · George C. Angelou · David Baroch · Nate Bastian · Paul G. Beck · Maria Bergemann · Joachim M. Bestenlehner · Ian Czekala · Nancy Elias-Rosa · Ana Escorza · Vincent Van Eylen · Diane K. Feuillet · Davide Gandolfi · Mark Gieles · L´eoGirardi · Yveline Lebreton · Nicolas Lodieu · Marie Martig · Marcelo M. Miller Bertolami · Joey S.G. Mombarg · Juan Carlos Morales · Andr´esMoya · Benard Nsamba · KreˇsimirPavlovski · May G. Pedersen · Ignasi Ribas · Fabian R.N. Schneider · Victor Silva Aguirre · Keivan G. Stassun · Eline Tolstoy · Pier-Emmanuel Tremblay · Konstanze Zwintz Received: date / Accepted: date A. Serenelli Institute of Space Sciences (ICE, CSIC), Carrer de Can Magrans S/N, Bellaterra, E- 08193, Spain and Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), Carrer Gran Capita 2, Barcelona, E-08034, Spain E-mail: [email protected] A. Weiss Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Karl Schwarzschild Str. 1, Garching bei M¨unchen, D-85741, Germany C. Aerts Institute of Astronomy, Department of Physics & Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, 3001 Leuven, Belgium and Department of Astrophysics, IMAPP, Radboud University Nijmegen, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, the Netherlands G.C. Angelou Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Karl Schwarzschild Str. 1, Garching bei M¨unchen, D-85741, Germany D. Baroch J. C. Morales I. Ribas Institute of· Space Sciences· (ICE, CSIC), Carrer de Can Magrans S/N, Bellaterra, E-08193, arXiv:2006.10868v2 [astro-ph.SR] 9 Apr 2021 Spain and Institut d'Estudis Espacials de Catalunya (IEEC), C/Gran Capit`a2-4, E-08034 2 Serenelli, Weiss, Aerts et al. -
The Star Cluster Collinder 232 in the Carina Complex and Its Relation to Trumpler 14/16 Almost Coeval
Astronomy & Astrophysics manuscript no. AA0335 August 15, 2018 (DOI: will be inserted by hand later) The star cluster Collinder 232 in the Carina complex and its relation to Trumpler 14/16⋆ Giovanni Carraro1,2, Martino Romaniello2, Paolo Ventura3, and Ferdinando Patat2 1 Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universit`adi Padova, vicolo dell’Osservatorio 2, I-35122, Padova, Italy 2 European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwarzschild-Str 2, D-85748 Garching b. M¨unchen, Germany 3 Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma, Via di Frascati 33, I-00040, Monte Porzio Catone, Italy Received September 2003; accepted Abstract. In this paper we present and analyze new CCD UBV RI photometry down to V ≈ 21 in the region of the young open cluster Collinder 232, located in the Carina spiral arm, and discuss its relationship to Trumpler 14 and Trumpler 16, the two most prominent young open clusters located in the core of NGC 3372 (the Carina Nebula). First of all we study the extinction pattern in the region. We find that the total to selective absorption ratio RV differs from cluster to cluster, being 3.48 ± 0.11, 4.16 ± 0.07 and 3.73 ± 0.01 for Trumpler 16, Trumpler 14 and Collinder 232, respectively. Then we derive individual reddenings and intrinsic colours and magnitudes using the method devised by Romaniello et al. (2002). Ages, age spreads and distances are then estimated by comparing the Colour Magnitude Diagrams and the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram with post and pre-main sequence tracks and isochrones. We find that Trumpler 14 and Collinder 232 lie at the same distance from the Sun (about 2.5 kpc), whereas Trumpler 16 lies much further out, at about 4 kpc from the Sun. -
UBV RI Photometry of NGC 3114, Collinder 228 and Vdb-Hagen 99?
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE Astronomy & Astrophysics manuscript no. provided by CERN Document Server (will be inserted by hand later) Star clusters in the Carina complex: UBV RI photometry of NGC 3114, Collinder 228 and vdB-Hagen 99? G. Carraro1;2 and F. Patat2 1 Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universit´a di Padova, vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5, I-35122, Padova, Italy 2 European Southern Observatory, Karl-Schwartzschild-Str 2, D-85748 Garching b. M¨unchen, Germany e-mail: [email protected],[email protected] Received ; accepted Abstract. In this paper we present and analyze CCD UBVRI photometry in the region of the three young open clusters NGC 3114, Collinder 228, and vdB-Hagen 99, located in the Carina spiral feature. NGC 3114 lies in the outskirts of the Carina nebula. We found 7 star members in a severely contaminated field, and obtain a distance of 950 pc and an age less than 3 108 yrs. Collinder 228 is a younger cluster (8 106 yrs), located in× front of the Carina nebula complex, for which we identify 11 new members and suggest that 30%× of the stars are probably binaries. As for vdB-Hagen 99, we add 4 new members, confirming that it is a nearby cluster located at 500 pc from the Sun and projected toward the direction of the Carina spiral arm. Key words. Stars: evolution- Stars: general- Stars: Hertzsprung-Russel (HR) and C-M diagrams -Open clusters and associations : NGC 3114 : individual -Open clusters and associations : Collinder 228 : individual -Open clusters and associations : vdB-Hagen 99 : individual 1.