A Bibliography of Single Homelessness Research

A bibliography of single homelessness research

Susanne Klinker and Suzanne Fitzpatrick

The•POLICY P P PRESS First published in Great Britain in April 2000 by

The Policy Press 34 Tyndall’s Park Road Bristol BS8 1PY UK

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Published for the Joseph Rowntree Foundation by The Policy Press

ISBN 1 86134 256 X

Susanne Klinker is a Researcher and Suzanne Fitzpatrick is Lecturer in Housing and Social Policy at the Department of Urban Studies, University of Glasgow.

All rights reserved: no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the Publishers.

The Joseph Rowntree Foundation has supported this project as part of its programme of research and innovative development projects, which it hopes will be of value to policy makers, practitioners and service users. The facts presented and views expressed in this report are, however, those of the authors and not necessarily those of the Foundation.

Acknowledgement

The Joseph Rowntree Foundation thanks CRASH, the construction and property industry charity for the single homeless, for its support with this project. CRASH were partners in discussions which led to the Foundation funding this initiative, and have been important members of the Advisory Group which provided guidance to the research team. One of the objectives of the initiative is to make the most robust research information available to agencies who are trying to improve their services to homeless people. CRASH have made this possible by generously supporting the distribution of this work to key agencies.

The statements and opinions contained within this publication are solely those of the authors and contributors and not of The University of Bristol or The Policy Press. The University of Bristol and The Policy Press disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any material published in this publication.

The Policy Press works to counter discrimination on grounds of gender, race, disability, age and sexuality.

Cover design by Qube Design Associates, Bristol Front cover photograph supplied by Mark Simmons Photography Printed in Great Britain by Hobbs the Printers Ltd, Southampton Contents

Homelessness review keywords v

•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 2 The legal framework 7 Homelessness law 7 Community care 8 1989 Children Act/1995 Children (Scotland) Act 9 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 3 Extent of homelessness 11

•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 4 Groups of homeless people 13 Asylum seekers and immigrants 13 Care leavers 13 Ethnicity/Ethnic minorities 14 Ex-prisoners 15 Ex-services 15 Gender 15 Hidden homeless 16 Migrants 17 Older people 17 Owner-occupiers 19 Rough sleepers 19 Runaways 21 Rural/Coastal homelessness 22 Survivors of sexual abuse 24 Women 24 Young people 26

•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 5 Aspects of life affected by homelessness 35 Health 35 Health (general) 35 Physical health 37 Mental health 38 Healthcare 41 Alcohol 42 Drugs 43 Suicide/Self-harm 44 Housing 44 Benefits 49 Employment/Training 50

iii A bibliography of single homelessness research

Education 51 Family relationships 51 The Big Issue/Self-help 52 Begging 53 Crime/Criminal justice system 54 Media representations 55 •••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 6 Responses to homelessness 56 Provision of accommodation 56 Bed & Breakfast 56 Emergency shelters 56 Foyers 57 Furnished flats 58 Hostels 58 Temporary accommodation 60 Support services 61 Advice services 61 Day centres 62 Floating support 62 Outreach work 63 Private sector access schemes 63 Prevention 63 Resettlement work 65 Rough Sleepers Initiative (RSI) 67 Homeless Mentally Ill Initiative (HMII) 68 Local authorities 69 Business involvement 70 Strategic/Multi-agency working 70 Resource material/Good practice guides 71

•••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••••• 8 Selected international literature 76 International comparison 76 International material 78

iv Homelessness review keywords

access to healthcare ethnicity access to housing eviction access to services ex-prisoners accommodation preferences ex-services advice experiences advice services extent of homelessness alcohol family relationships asylum seekers floating support asylum seekers/refugees foyers Bed & Breakfast funding mechanisms begging furnished accommodation benefits furniture business involvement gay and lesbian issues campaigning gender care leavers gender differences causes good practice characteristics of homeless people good practice guide children health Children Acts hidden homelessness coastal homelessness HIV/Aids community care HMII (Homeless Mentally Ill Initiative) crime homelessness law day centres hostels definitions housing aid direct access accommodation housing aspirations drugs housing associations dual diagnoses housing benefit economic activity housing management education housing needs emergency accommodation housing problems emergency shelters housing rights employment housing stock ethnic minorities identity

v A bibliography of single homelessness research

immigrants runaways intentionality rural homelessness international comparison self-harm international material self-help interventions sexual abuse law/legal issues social exclusion learning disabilities social housing leaving institutions social inclusion literature review social isolation local authorities social work services local connection statistics media representations statutory homelessness men stigmatisation mental health strategic working migration/mobility street culture money problems suicide mortgages support needs move on accommodation support services multi-agency working supported accommodation multiple needs temporary accommodation myths tenancy breakdown older people tenancy rights outreach work The Big Issue overview theory owner-occupiers tied accommodation physical abuse training physical health transitional accommodation police unemployment policing responses user participation poverty victimisation predictors violence prevention voluntary agencies priority need volunteers private renting vulnerability project evaluation ‘wet’ provision prostitution women rent young people rent deposits research methods resettlement work resource material responses risk factors rough sleepers RSI (Rough Sleepers Initiative)

vi Introduction

How to use this bibliography ISSN numbers are provided wherever possible to facilitate locating the material through This bibliography is intended to complement the booksellers. overview report (Fitzpatrick et al, 2000) and research summaries (Klinker et al, 2000) To find material on single homelessness the produced by our review of single homelessness following sources are useful: research in Britain since 1990. • the national homelessness agencies, such as Shelter, Crisis, National Homeless Alliance, The bibliography is structured by topics, and Shelter Scotland and Scottish Council for there are multiple entries of some items if they Single Homeless; are centrally concerned with more than one • key government departments or agencies topic. Within each topic the entries are ordered concerned with homelessness, such as the alphabetically by author. A list of key words is Department of the Environment, Transport also provided under each bibliographic entry, to and the Regions, Scottish Homes, The Scottish indicate the subject matter covered. Executive and The Housing Corporation; • The Planning Exchange; If an entry is marked with an asterisk (*) this • The British Library; indicates that the material has been reviewed in • The National Library of Scotland; greater depth in a research summary in Klinker • housing and social work magazines, such as et al (2000). These summaries are ordered Roof, Housing and Community Care; alphabetically by author. • the world wide web (see www.homelesspages.org.uk/...\resources\ The review was principally concerned with T0000001.html for some useful websites); and British material on single homelessness; • university library databases. however, selected international literature was also included. This included both comparative material (under the international comparisons We have provided a list of the key organisations section) and material from other countries (under which publish research on single homelessness, the international material section). together with their contact details in the appendix.

References How to find material on single homelessness Fitzpatrick, S., Kemp, P. and Klinker, S. (2000) Single homelessness: An overview of research This structured bibliography and the one in Britain, Bristol: The Policy Press. produced by the National Homeless Alliance National Day Centres Project should help people Klinker, S., Fitzpatrick, S., Mitchell, F., Dean, J. and to find relevant material on topics within single Burns, N. (2000) A review of single homelessness. For, those publications included homelessness research in Britain: Research in the research summaries, the price and ISBN or summaries, Bristol: The Policy Press.

1 Other related titles from The Policy Press

Single homelessness: An overview of research in Britain Suzanne Fitzpatrick, Peter Kemp and Susanne Klinker Draws together the main findings of a thorough review of single homelessness research in Britain throughout the 1990s. Highlights the key themes and trends within homelessness research and identifies gaps in the current knowledge, and inconsistencies and contradictions in the available evidence. Paperback ISBN 1 86134 255 1 £13.95 Published in association with the Joseph Rowntree Foundation

A review of single homelessness research: Research summaries Susanne Klinker, Suzanne Fitzpatrick, Fiona Mitchell, Jo Dean and Nicky Burns Highly accessible guide, based on an in-depth review of single homelessness research in Britain throughout the 1990s, provides 200 high quality research summaries. Each summary comments on the robustness and usefulness of each study and highlights aims, methods, key findings and recommendations. Paperback ISBN 1 86134 236 5 £16.95 Published in association with the Joseph Rowntree Foundation

Begging questions: Street-level economic activity and social policy failure Edited by Hartley Dean As well as bringing together contributions from academics engaged in work on begging, this book also takes into account the voices of beggars themselves, and of passers-by. Paperback ISBN 1 86134 155 5 £18.99 Hardback ISBN 1 86134 178 4 £45.00

Homelessness: Exploring the new terrain Edited by Patricia Kennett and Alex Marsh Brings together contemporary theoretical debates and original empirical research in order to explore the nature, experience and impact of social change in the new ‘landscape of precariousness’, in which new sets of risks and uncertainties have emerged. Paperback ISBN 1 86134 150 4 £18.99 Hardback ISBN 1 86134 167 9 £45.00 1 General homelessness

General homelessness Keywords

*Alexander, K. (1999) Homelessness Factfile 1998/ access to housing; benefits; causes; characteristics 99, London: Crisis. of homeless people; definitions; employment; experiences; extent of homelessness; law/legal issues; mental health; overview; policing responses; resource material

*Anderson, I., Kemp, P.A. and Quilgars, D. (1993) Bed & Breakfast; characteristics of homeless Single homeless people, London: HMSO. people; ethnic minorities; experiences; extent of homelessness; health; hostels; housing aid; housing aspirations; housing needs; overview; rough sleepers; support needs; women; young people

*Blackman, S. (ed) (1998) Youth homelessness and benefits; ethnic minorities; extent of homelessness; social exclusion, Special edition of Youth and gender; hidden homelessness; research methods; Policy, vol 59, pp 1-111. rural homelessness; social exclusion; theory; young people

*Burrows, R., Pleace, N. and Quilgars, D. (eds) access to healthcare; access to housing; (1997) Homelessness and social policy, characteristics of homeless people; definitions; London: Routledge. experiences; ex-prisoners; ex-services; extent of homelessness; foyers; health; healthcare; hostels; law/legal issues; multi-agency working overview; private renting; resettlement work; social housing; theory; young people

Daly, G.P. (1998) Homeless: Policies, strategies and experiences; international comparison; responses lives on the streets, London: Routledge.

Diaz, R. and Colman, B. (1997) Who says there’s no extent of homelessness; overview housing problem? (3rd edn), London: Shelter.

Duguid, G.J. (1990) Homelessness in Scotland: A law/legal issues; local authorities study of policy and practice, Edinburgh: The Scottish Office

*Evans, R., Smith, N., Bryson, C. and Austin, N. access to housing; housing rights; law/legal issues; (1994) The code of guidance on homelessness local authorities; temporary accommodation in Scotland, Edinburgh: The Scottish Office.

3 A bibliography of single homelessness research

Edwards, L., Murie, A., Webb, S. and Yanetta, A. emergency accommodation; experiences; extent of (1995) The nature, extent and experience of homelessness; local authorities; rough sleepers homelessness in Tayside, Edinburgh: School of Planning and Housing, Edinburgh College of Art, Heriot Watt University.

Firth, K. (1997) Opening the doors: Improving access to services; responses; support services homeless households access to services, London: London Housing Unit.

*Foord, M., Palmer, J. and Simpson, D. (1998) access to housing; funding mechanisms; law/legal Bricks without mortar: 30 years of single issues; overview; statutory initiatives; voluntary homelessness, London: Crisis. agencies; benefits

Fosburg, L.B. and Dennis, D.L. (eds) (1999) emergency accommodation; good practice; Practical lessons: The 1998 National housing needs; international material; overview; Symposium on Homelessness Research, prevention; resettlement work; support needs; Washington, DC: US Department of Housing temporary accommodation; young people and Urban Development and US Department of Health and Human Services.

*Greve, J. (1991) Homelessness in Britain, York: causes; definitions; extent of homelessness; Joseph Rowntree Foundation. housing associations; law/legal issues; local authorities; myths; overview

Grigsby, C. and Baumann, D. (1990) ‘Disaffiliation theory to entrenchment: a model for understanding homelessness’, Journal of Social Issues, vol 46, no 6, pp 141-56.

Hendessi, M. (1995) Left out at Christmas – A survey experiences of what Christmas means for homeless people, London: Crisis.

Himsworth, P. (1995) No home, no vote, no voice: law/legal issues; local authorities Challenging the disenfranchisement of homeless people, London: National Homeless Alliance.

*Hutson, S. and Clapham, D. (eds) (1999) access to housing; community care; definitions; Homelessness: Public policies and private experiences; family relationships; gender troubles, London and New York, NY: Cassell. differences; housing problems; international comparison; law/legal issues; overview; support needs; support services; young people

Jacobs, K., Kemeny, J. and Manzi, T. (1999) ‘The definitions; theory struggle to define homelessness: a constructivist approach’, in S. Hutson and D. Clapham (eds) Homelessness: Public policies and private troubles, London and New York, NY: Cassell.

*Johnson, B., Murie, A., Naumann, L. and Yanetta, causes; definitions A. (1991) A typology of homelessness, Edinburgh: Scottish Homes.

4 General homelessness

*Kemp, P.A. (1997) ‘The characteristics of single characteristics of homeless people homeless people in England’, in R. Burrows, N. Pleace and D. Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

Kennett, P. and Marsh, A. (eds) (1999) overview Homelessness: Exploring the new terrain, Bristol: The Policy Press.

*London Boroughs Grants (1999) Review of single funding mechanisms; housing needs; local homelessness policy and provision in London, authorities; multi-agency working; prevention; London: London Boroughs Grants. voluntary agencies

*Moroney, L. (1992) Homelessness – A good practice good practice guide; intentionality; law/legal guide, London: Shelter. issues; local authorities; local connection; prevention; priority need; temporary accommodation

Neale, J. (1997) ‘Homelessness and theory theory reconsidered’, Housing Studies, vol 12, no 1, pp 47-61.

Neale, J. (1997) ‘Theorising homelessness; definitions; gender; theory contemporary sociological and feminist perspectives’, in R. Burrows, N. Pleace and D. Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

*O’Callaghan, B., Dominion, L., Evans, A., Dix, J., homelessness law; overview Smith, R., Williams, P. and Zimmeck, M. (1996) Study of homeless applicants, London: HMSO.

Pleace, N., Burrows, R. and Quilgars (1997) definitions; extent of homelessness; theory ‘Homelessness in contemporary Britain: conceptualisation and measurement’, in N. Pleace, R. Burrows and D. Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

Pleace, N. (1998) ‘Single homelessness as social social exclusion; theory exclusion: The unique and the extreme’, in Social Policy and Administration, vol 32, no 1, pp 45-59.

*Rugg, J. (ed) (1999) Young people, housing and housing needs; overview; young people social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

Scottish Council for Single Homeless (1996) international comparison European Observatory on Homelessness: UK National Report 1996, Brussels: FEANTSA.

5 A bibliography of single homelessness research

Scottish Homes (1999) Tackling homelessness, overview Edinburgh: Scottish Homes.

Somerville, P. (1992) ‘Rooflessness or rootlessness?’, theory International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, vol 16, pp 529-39.

Spiers, F. (1999) Housing and social exclusion, community care; ethnic minorities; social London: Jessica Kingsley Publishers. exclusion; young people

Stone, E. (1997) All about homelessness, London: overview Shelter.

Wilson, W. (1994) Single homelessness, London: overview House of Commons Library.

*Yanetta, A. and Third, H. (1999) Homelessness in advice services; family relationships; good practice; Scotland: A good practice note, Edinburgh: housing aid; law/legal issues; local authorities; Chartered Institute of Housing. multi-agency working; overview; owner-occupiers; prevention; private renting; social work services

6 2 The legal framework

Homelessness law Keywords

Caskie, K. (1990) Some chance: Local authorities’ local authorities; young people responses to homelessness and housing need among young people, Edinburgh: Shelter (Scotland).

*Caskie, K. (1993) Some change – some chance!: homelessness law; housing needs; local Scottish local authorities’ responses to authorities; support needs; support services; young homelessness and housing need among young people people: how this has changed since 1990, Edinburgh: Shelter (Scotland).

Cowan, D. (1997) Homelessness: The (in-)appropriate children; community care; ethnicity; homelessness applicant, Dartmouth: Ashgate. law; law/legal issues; local authorities; women

Cowan, D. (1999) ‘Reforming the homeless homelessness law; law/legal issues legislation’, Critical Social Policy, vol 18, no 4, pp 435-64.

Cowan, D. and Gilroy, R. (1999) ‘The homelessness homelessness law legislation as a vehicle for marginalisation: making an example out of the paedophile’, in P. Kennett and A. Marsh (eds) Homelessness: Exploring the new terrain, Bristol: The Policy Press.

Duguid, G.J. (1990) Homelessness in Scotland: A law/legal issues; local authorities study of policy and practice, Edinburgh: The Scottish Office.

Evans, A. (1999) ‘Rationing device or passport to access to housing; homelessness law; law/legal social housing? The operation of the issues; social housing homelessness legislation in Britain in the 1990s’, in S. Hutson and D. Clapham (eds) Homelessness: Public policies and private troubles, London and New York, NY: Cassell.

7 A bibliography of single homelessness research

*Fitzpatrick, S. and Stephens, M. (1999) access to housing; homelessness law; local ‘Homelessness, need and desert in the authorities allocation of council housing’, Housing Studies, vol 14, no 4, pp 413-31.

Lowe, S. (1997) ‘Homelessness and the law’, in R. homelessness law; law/legal issues Burrows, N. Pleace, D. Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

*Moroney, L. (1992) Homelessness – A good practice good practice; homelessness law; intentionality; guide, London: Shelter. law/legal issues; local authorities; local connection; prevention; priority need; temporary accommodation

*O’Callaghan, B., Dominion, L., Evans, A., Dix, J., homelessness law; overview Smith, R., Williams, P. and Zimmeck, M. (1996) Study of homeless applicants, London: HMSO.

*Robson, P. and Poustie, M. (1996) Homeless people causes; characteristics of homeless people; and the law, Edinburgh: Butterworths. definitions; extent of homelessness; homelessness law; law/legal issues; local authorities; statutory homelessness

Shelter (1997) The early impact of the Housing Act homelessness law; housing benefit; law/legal 1996 and housing benefit changes, London: issues Shelter.

Shelter (Scotland) (1994) Tackling homelessness: A access to housing; homelessness law; law/legal Shelter (Scotland) briefing on the Scottish issues Office consultation paper, Edinburgh: Shelter (Scotland).

Somerville, P. (1999) ‘The making and unmaking of homelessness law; law/legal issues homeless legislation’, in S. Hutson and D. Clapham (eds) Homelessness: Public policies and private troubles, London and New York, NY: Cassell.

Community care

Department of the Environment (1997) Housing community care; housing needs; strategic working and community care: Establishing a strategic framework, London: Department of the Environment.

*Franklin, B. (1999) ‘More than community care: community care; resettlement work; support supporting the transition from homelessness services to home’ in S. Hutson and D. Clapham (eds) Homelessness: Public policies and private troubles, London and New York, NY: Cassell.

8 The legal framework

*Gregory, S. and Brownhill, S. (1995) The housing/ community care; support needs care divide: Community care and the management of single person housing in Oxford, Oxford: School of Planning, Oxford Brookes University.

*Leigh, C. (1993) Right to care: Good practice in community care; good practice; responses community care planning for single homeless people, London: CHAR.

*Leigh, C. (1994) Everybody’s baby: Implementing community care community care for single homeless people, London: CHAR.

Leigh, C. (1995) Community care, housing and community care; resource material homelessness: A quick reference guide, London: CHAR.

London Borough of Greenwich (1995) Community community care; housing needs care planning: An analysis of housing needs, Woolwich: London Borough of Greenwich.

*Means, R. and Smith, R. (1996) Community care, alcohol; community care; drugs; HIV; infection; housing and homelessness, Bristol: The Policy mental health; multi-agency working; older Press. people; support needs

St Mungo Association (1994) Evaluation of the community care effects of community care for single homeless people, London: St Mungo.

SCSH (1994) Homelessness and community care: A community care briefing, Edinburgh: SCSH.

SCSH (1995) A blueprint for homelessness in community care community care plans, Edinburgh: SCSH.

Watson, L. (1996) Housing need and community care leavers; community care; housing needs; care: The Housing Pathways Pilot Programme, support needs London: National Federation of Housing Associations.

1989 Children Act/ 1995 Children (Scotland) Act

*Brody, S. (1996) The Children Act and homeless 16 Children Acts; good practice guide; local and 17 year olds, London: CHAR. authorities; social work services; young people

*Corbett, G. (1998) The Children (Scotland) Act care leavers; Children Acts; good practice; law/ and homelessness: the first six months, legal issues; local authorities; social work services; Edinburgh: Shelter (Scotland). young people

9 A bibliography of single homelessness research

*Hendessi, M., Brody, S., and Todd, M. (1994) access to housing; care leavers; Children Acts; Planning for action: The Children Act and ethnic minorities; family relationships; housing young homeless people, a black perspective, needs; social work services; temporary London: CHAR. accommodation; young people

*McCluskey, J. (1993) Reassessing priorities: The care leavers; Children Acts; young people Children Act 1989 – a new agenda for young homeless people, London: CHAR.

*McCluskey, J. (1994) Acting in isolation, London: care leavers; Children Acts; good practice; young CHAR. people

*McCluskey, J. (1994) Breaking the spiral: Ten care leavers; Children Act; myths; young people myths on the Children Act and youth homelessness, London: CHAR.

Social Work Services Inspectorate (1996) Working Children Acts; responses; social work services; with young homeless people Part A, Part B, young people Edinburgh: HMSO.

Thain, M. (1996) Homelessness and the Children Children Acts; law/legal issues; young people (Scotland) Act 1995, Edinburgh: Shelter (Scotland).

10 3 Extent of homelessness

Extent of homelessness Keywords

Age Concern (1997) Statistics – Housing, London: extent of homelessness; older people; statistics Age Concern.

Burrows, R. (1997) ‘The social distribution of the experiences; extent of homelessness; statistics experience of homelessness’, in R. Burrows, N. Pleace and D. Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

CHAR (1993) The numbers game: Lessons from extent of homelessness; rough sleepers; statistics Birmingham – the failure of the 1991 Census to measure numbers of people sleeping rough, London: CHAR.

CRASH (1998) Survey of users of winter shelters emergency shelters; extent of homelessness; provided in London, Brighton, Bristol and statistics Cambridge: December 1997–March 1998, London: CRASH.

*CRASH (1999) Survey of users of winter shelters benefits; emergency shelters; extent of provided in London, Brighton, Bristol and homelessness; health; outreach work; rough Cambridge: December 1998–March 1999, sleepers; RSI; statistics; support needs; support London: CRASH. services

11 A bibliography of single homelessness research

Cripps, A. (1998) The Street Homeless Bulletin, extent of homelessness; housing needs; rough London: Housing Services Agency. sleepers; statistics; support needs

Fisher, N., Turner, S.W., Pugh, R. and Taylor, C. extent of homelessness; mental health; research (1994) ‘Estimating numbers of homeless methods; statistics people and homeless mentally ill people in North East Westminster by using capture- recapture analysis’, British Medical Journal, no 308, pp 816-19.

Help the Aged (1999) Homeless campaign review extent of homelessness; older people; statistics; 1998/99, London: Help the Aged. strategic working

Homeless Network (1997) Central London Street extent of homelessness; rough sleepers; statistics Monitor, London: The Homeless Network.

Housing Services Agency (1997) The outreach extent of homelessness; rough sleepers; statistics directory annual statistics 1996-97, London: Housing Services Agency and Homeless Network.

Pleace, N., Burrows, R. and Quilgars, D. (1997) definitions; extent of homelessness; statistics; ‘Homelessness in contemporary Britain: theory conceptualisation and measurement’, in N. Pleace, R. Burrows and D. Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

*Randall, G. (1992) Counted out: An investigation extent of homelessness; statistics into the extent of single homelessness outside London, London: Crisis and CHAR.

Shaw, I., Bloor, M. and Roberts, S. (1996) Without extent of homelessness; rough sleepers; statistics shelter: Estimating rooflessness in Scotland, Edinburgh: The Scottish Office Central Research Unit.

12 4 Groups of homeless people

Asylum seekers and immigrants Keywords

*Carter, S. (1998) Hidden crisis: A study of black asylum seekers; benefits; characteristics of and minority ethnic homelessness in London, homeless people; ethnicity; ethnic minorities; London: Frontline Housing Association. hidden homelessness; homelessness law; housing benefit; law/legal issues; poverty; rough sleepers; unemployment

Shelter (1996) Asylum seekers and homelessness, asylum seekers; immigrants London: Shelter.

Care leavers

*Bannister, J., Dell, M., Donnison, D., Fitzpatrick, S. advice; benefits; care leavers; Children Acts; and Taylor, R. (1993) Homeless young people community care; experiences; family relationships; in Scotland – The role of the social work housing needs; law/legal issues; local authorities; services, Edinburgh: HMSO. social work services; support needs; support services; young people

*Caskie, K. (1992) Young people, social work care care leavers; characteristics of homeless people; and homelessness, Edinburgh: Shelter experiences; social work services; support needs; (Scotland). young people

*Corbett, G. (1998) The Children (Scotland) Act care leavers; Children Acts; good practice; law/ and homelessness: The first six months, legal issues; local authorities; social work services; Edinburgh: Shelter (Scotland). young people

*Hutson, S. (1997) Supported housing: The care leavers; education; supported experience of young care leavers, Barkingside: accommodation; young people Barnardo’s.

Kirby, P. (1994) A word from the street: Young care leavers; young people people who leave care and become homeless, London: Centrepoint.

13 A bibliography of single homelessness research

*Munn, D. (1996) Leaving institutions: Project pack, care leavers; resource material; young people Edinburgh: SCSH.

Ethnicity/Ethnic minorities

*Davies, J. and Lyle, S. with Deacon, A., Law, I., ethnic minorities; experiences; hidden Julienne, L. and Kay, H. (1996) Homelessness homelessness; young people amongst young black and minority ethnic people in England, Leeds: School of Sociology and Social Policy, University of Leeds.

Diaz, R. (1998) Ethnicity and housing, London: ethnicity; ethnic minorities; immigrants; women; Shelter. young people

*Egan, K. (1994) Monitoring of Irish applicants for access to housing; ethnic minorities; ethnicity; housing – A survey of London boroughs, housing associations; housing needs; housing London: Cara Irish Housing Association. problems; migration/mobility

*Harrison, M. (1999) ‘Theorising homelessness and definitions; ethnicity; ethnic minorities; theory “race”’, in P. Kennett and A. Marsh (eds) Homelessness: Exploring the new terrain, Bristol: The Policy Press.

*Hendessi, M., Brody, S., and Todd, M. (1994) access to housing; care leavers; Children Acts; Planning for action: The Children Act and ethnicity; ethnic minorities; family relationships; young homeless people, a black perspective, housing needs; social work services; temporary London: CHAR. accommodation; young people

*Julienne, L. (1998) ‘Homelessness and young ethnicity; ethnic minorities; young people single people from black and minority ethnic communities’, Youth and Policy, vol 59, pp 23-37.

London Housing Unit (1990) Black single ethnicity; ethnic minorities; mental health homelessness and mental health seminar, Report of a seminar held on 29 March 1990, London: London Housing Unit.

*Rooney, B. and Brown, M. (1996) Locked out! access to housing; advice services; Bed & Housing and young black people on Breakfast; care leavers; ethnicity; ethnic minorities; Merseyside, Liverpool: Shelter and Federation family relationships; housing associations; housing of Black Housing Organisations. benefit; local authorities; private renting; supported accommodation; support services; voluntary agencies; young people

14 Groups of homeless people

*Small, C. and Hinton, T. (1997) Reaching out: A ethnicity; ethnic minorities; healthcare; support study of black and minority ethnic single needs homeless people and access to primary health care, London: Health Action for Homeless People.

Smith, J. and Gilford, S. (1998) ‘Not only street ethnicity; ethnic minorities; gender; research sleepers are homeless: issues of gender and methods; rough sleepers; young people ethnicity in researching youth homelessness’, Youth and Policy, vol 59, pp 70-86.

Ex-prisoners

*Carlisle, J. (1996) The housing needs of ex- access to housing; advice services; benefits; prisoners, York: Centre for Housing Policy. community care; employment; experiences; ex- prisoners; health; hostels; housing benefit; housing needs; resettlement work; unemployment

Carlisle, J. (1997) ‘The housing needs of ex- ex-prisoners; housing needs; resettlement work prisoners’, in R. Burrows, N. Pleace and D. Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

McIvor, G. and Taylor, M. (1995) Supported ex-prisoners; housing needs; resettlement work; accommodation for ex-offenders: Identifying supported accommodation effective practice, Stirling: Department of Applied Social Science, University of Stirling.

Moore, A. (1999) Housing and sex offenders in ex-prisoners; housing needs Scotland – Practice note, Edinburgh: Chartered Institute of Housing in Scotland.

Ex-services

Higate, P. (1997) ‘Soldiering on? Theorising ex-services; men; theory homelessness amongst ex-servicemen’, in R. Burrows, N. Pleace and D. Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

*Randall, G. and Brown, S. (1994) Falling out: A advice; alcohol; ex-services; health; men; research study of homeless ex-service people, predictors; prevention; rough sleepers; temporary London: Crisis. accommodation

Gender

Passaro, J. (1996) The unequal homeless: Men on ethnicity; family relationships; gender; the street, women in their place, New York, international comparison; men; women NY: Routledge.

15 A bibliography of single homelessness research

*Smith, J. (1999) ‘Gender and homelessness’, in S. gender; men; women Hutson and D. Clapham (eds) Homelessness: Public policies and private troubles, London and New York, NY: Cassell.

Smith, J. and Gilford, S. (1998) ‘Not only street ethnicity; ethnic minorities; gender; men; research sleepers are homeless: issues of gender and methods; rough sleepers; women; young people ethnicity in researching youth homelessness’, Youth and Policy, vol 59, pp 70-86.

Hidden homeless

*Crane, M. and Warnes, T. (1997) Homeless truths: extent of homelessness; hidden homelessness; Challenging the myths about older homeless housing needs; mental health; older people; people, London: Crisis and Help the Aged. outreach work; resettlement work; rough sleepers; support needs

*Cloke, P., Milbourne, P. and Widdowfield, R. hidden homelessness; housing needs; rural (1999) ‘Homelessness in rural areas: an homelessness invisible issue?’, in P. Kennett and A. Marsh (eds) Homelessness: Exploring the new terrain, Bristol: The Policy Press.

*Fitzpatrick, S. (1999) Pathways to independence: experiences; young people The experience of young homeless people, Edinburgh: Scottish Homes.

Fitzpatrick, S. (2000, forthcoming) Young homeless benefits; causes; employment; family relationships; people, Basingstoke: Macmillan. hidden homelessness; overview; transitional accommodation; unemployment; young people

*Kennedy, M. (1993) Homeless-on-sea: An coastal homelessness; experiences; housing needs; investigation into the plight of single homeless hidden homelessness in seaside towns, London: Crisis.

*Lambert, C., Jeffers, S., Burton, P. and Bramley, G. extent of homelessness; hidden homelessness; (1992) Homelessness in rural areas, Salisbury: housing needs; law/legal issues; local authorities; Rural Development Commission. private renting; rural homelessness; social housing

16 Groups of homeless people

*Ransley, S. (1996) Developing effective responses to access to housing; advice services; benefits; rural homelessness, Report on Shelter’s Rural community care; emergency accommodation; Housing Aid Conference September 1995, foyers; hidden homelessness; housing aid; law/ London: Shelter. legal issues; local authorities; multi-agency working; private renting; responses; rural homelessness; social housing; strategic working; tied accommodation; women; young people

*Webb, S. (1994) My address is not my home: hidden homelessness; women Hidden homelessness and single women in Scotland, Edinburgh: SCSH.

Migrants

*Novas Ouvertures Group (1998) Move on down: ethnic minorities; migration/mobility; poverty; Poverty and homelessness in London among support needs; support services; unemployment migrants from Scotland, Ireland and the North of England, London: Novas-Ouvertures.

*Shelter (Scotland) (1991) Living on the borderline: characteristics of homeless people; migration/ Homeless young Scots in London, Edinburgh: mobility; young people Shelter Scotland.

Shelter (Scotland) (1995) When the bright lights go experiences; migration/mobility; young people out: Young homeless Scots in London 1995, Edinburgh: Shelter (Scotland).

Older people

Age Concern (1997) Statistics – Housing, London: extent of homelessness; older people; statistics Age Concern.

Cohen, C. and Crane, M. (1996) ‘Old and homeless experiences; health; international comparison; in London and New York City: a cross-national mental health; older people comparison’, in D. Bhurga (ed) Homelessness and mental health, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp 150-69.

Crane, M. (1993) Elderly people sleeping on the family relationships; older people; rough sleepers streets of inner London: An exploratory study, London: Age Concern Institute of Gerontology, King’s College.

Crane, M. (1994) ‘Elderly homeless people: elusive definitions; older people subjects and slipper concepts’, Ageing and Society, vol 14, pp 631-40.

Crane, M. (1994) Elderly homeless people in Central experiences; older people London, London: Age Concern.

17 A bibliography of single homelessness research

Crane, M. (1994) ‘The mental health problems of mental health; older people; rough sleepers elderly people living on London’s streets’, International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatric, vol 9, pp 87-95.

Crane, M. (1996) ‘The situation of older homeless experiences; older people people’, Reviews in Clinical Gerontology, vol 6, pp 389-98.

*Crane, M. (1997) Coming home: A guide to good good practice; good practice guide; older people; practice by projects helping older homeless resource material support services people, London: Help the Aged.

Crane, M. (1998) ‘The associations between mental older people; mental health illness and homelessness among older people: an exploratory study’, Ageing and Mental Health, vol 2, no 3, pp 171-80.

*Crane, M. and Warnes, T. (1999) Lancefield Street: alcohol; day centres; hostels; mental health; older Achievements and lessons, Sheffield: Centre people; outreach work; personal care; physical for Ageing and Rehabilitation Studies, health; resettlement work University of Sheffield.

*Hawes, D. (1997) Older people and homelessness: experiences; older people A story of greed, violence, conflict and ruin, Bristol: The Policy Press.

Hawes, D. (1999) ‘Old and homeless: a double older people jeopardy’, in P. Kennett and A. Marsh (eds) Homelessness: Exploring the new terrain, Bristol: The Policy Press.

Help the Aged (1999) Changing lives for good: A multiple needs; older people; outreach work; conference on homelessness among older prevention; resettlement work; support needs; people, London: Help the Aged. support services

Help the Aged (1999) Homeless campaign review extent of homelessness; older people; strategic 1998/99, London: Help the Aged. working

Kelling, K. (1991) Older homeless people in London, access to healthcare; access to housing; ethnic London: Age Concern. minorities; mental health; older people; physical health

Kitchen, G. and Welch, C. (1999) Outside in: extent of homelessness; prevention; rough Tackling the social exclusion of older homeless sleepers; social exclusion; support needs; support people, London: Help the Aged. services

Shelter (1997) Older people and housing, London: older people Shelter.

18 Groups of homeless people

Willcock, K. (1999) Rhetoric into reality, London: older people; support services Help the Aged.

*Wilson, D. (1995) ‘We will need to take you in’: The causes; experiences; extent of homelessness; experience of homelessness in old age, family relationships; housing needs; local Edinburgh: SCSH. authorities; older people; rural homelessness

Owner-occupiers

Ford, J. (1999) ‘Home ownership, mortgage mortgages; owner-occupiers possession and homelessness: public policies and private troubles?’, in S. Hutson and D. Clapham (eds) Homelessness: Public policies and private troubles, London and New York, NY: Cassell.

Ford, J. (1997) ‘Mortgage arrears, mortgage mortgages; owner-occupiers possessions and homelessness’, in R. Burrows, N. Pleace and D. Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy, London: and New York, NY: Routledge.

Rough sleepers

*Alexander, K. and Ruggieri, S. (1998) Changing access to housing; accommodation preferences; lives, London: Crisis. experiences; floating support; furniture; housing aspirations; move on accommodation; resettlement work; rough sleepers; RSI; social isolation; street culture; support needs

Anderson, I. (1993) ‘Housing policy and street gender; rough sleepers; RSI homelessness in Britain’, Housing Studies, vol 8, no 1, pp 17-28.

Carter, M. (1995) Extending the Rough Sleepers rough sleepers; RSI Initiative: Will the London model work?, London: National Homeless Alliance and Crisis.

CHAR (1993) The numbers game: Lessons from extent of homelessness; rough sleepers Birmingham – the failure of the 1991 Census to measure numbers of people sleeping rough, London: CHAR.

Crane, M. (1993) Elderly people sleeping on the older people; rough sleepers streets of inner London: An exploratory study, London: Age Concern Institute of Gerontology, King’s College.

19 A bibliography of single homelessness research

Cripps, A. (1998) The Street Homeless Bulletin, extent of homelessness; housing needs; rough London: Housing Services Agency. sleepers; support needs

*Dane, K. (1998) Making it last: A report on experiences; resettlement work; rough sleepers; research into tenancy outcomes for rough RSI; support needs; support services; tenancy sleepers, London: Housing Services Agency. breakdown

Department of the Environment (1996) Rough rough sleepers; RSI Sleepers Initiative – The next challenge, London: HMSO.

*Department of the Environment, Transport and the access to healthcare; benefits; business Regions (1999) Annual report on rough involvement; care leavers; employment; ex- sleeping, London: DETR. prisoners; ex-services; overview; prevention; project evaluation; rough sleepers; RSI; social exclusion; strategic working; support services; training; young people

*Drury, A. (1995) Street homelessness – A way out: access to housing; HMII; multi-agency working; The housing association contribution to the project evaluation; rough sleepers; RSI; strategic Rough Sleepers Initiative, London: London working; support services Federation of Housing Associations

*Fooks, G. and Pantazis, C. (1999) ‘The begging; crime; multi-agency working; police; criminalisation of homelessness, begging and policing; responses; rough sleepers street living’, in P. Kennett and A. Marsh (eds) Homelessness: Exploring the new terrain, Bristol: The Policy Press.

Homeless Network (1997) Central London Street extent of homelessness; rough sleepers Monitor, London: The Homeless Network.

Housing Services Agency (1997) The outreach extent of homelessness; rough sleepers; statistics directory annual statistics 1996-97, London: Housing Services Agency and Homeless Network.

*Hutson, S. and Jones, S. (1997) Rough sleeping and rough sleepers; rural homelessness homelessness in Rhondda Cynon Taff, Pontypridd: University of Glamorgan.

*O’Leary, J. (1997) Beyond help? Improving service alcohol; drugs; health; mental health; rough provision for street homeless people with sleepers; support services mental health and alcohol or drug dependency problems, London: National Homeless Alliance.

*Pleace, N. (1998) The Open House Project for emergency accommodation; emergency shelters; people sleeping rough: An evaluation, York: multi-agency working; resettlement work; rough Centre for Housing Policy, University of York. sleepers; support needs

20 Groups of homeless people

*Randall, G. (1998) Rough sleeping: A review of the international comparison; overview; predictors; research, London: DETR. responses; rough sleepers; RSI

*Randall, G. and Brown, S. (1993) The Rough rough sleepers; RSI Sleepers Initiative: An evaluation, London: HMSO.

*Randall, G. and Brown, S. (1995) Outreach and outreach work; resettlement work; rough sleepers; resettlement work with people sleeping rough, RSI London: Department of the Environment.

*Randall, G. and Brown, S. (1996) From street to access to housing; emergency shelters; HMII; home: An evaluation of Phase 2 of the Rough hostels; multi-agency working; multiple needs; Sleepers Initiative, London: HMSO. resettlement work; rough sleepers; RSI; support needs; support services

Shaw, I., Bloor, M. and Roberts, S. (1996) Without extent of homelessness; rough sleepers shelter: Estimating rooflessness in Scotland, Edinburgh: The Scottish Office Central Research Unit.

Shelter (1998) Response from Shelter to the Social rough sleepers Exclusion Unit report on rough sleeping, London: Shelter.

*Shelter (Scotland) (1994) In sight outside: People rough sleepers sleeping rough in Scotland, Edinburgh: Shelter (Scotland).

*Social Exclusion Unit (1998) Rough sleeping – hostels; resettlement work; rough sleepers; RSI; Report by the Social Exclusion Unit, London: social exclusion; support services Social Exclusion Unit.

Tomlinson, K. (1998) Street homelessness outside local authorities; responses; rough sleepers London: English local authority responses, London: Crisis and Shelter.

Wardhaugh, J. (1996) ‘Homeless in Chinatown: begging; economic activity; policing responses; deviance and social control in cardboard city’, rough sleepers Sociology, vol 30, no 4, pp 701–16.

*Yanetta, A., Third, H. and Anderson, I. (1999) rough sleepers; RSI National evaluation of the Rough Sleepers Initiative in Scotland, Edinburgh: The Scottish Executive.

Runaways

*Barter, C. (1996) Nowhere to hide – Give young experiences; children; family relationships; runaways a voice, London: Centrepoint. runaways; young people

21 A bibliography of single homelessness research

Christie, A. (1999) ‘“Refuges” for young “runaways”: children; emergency accommodation; runaways; an extension of the care system or a response young people to youth homelessness’, Youth and Policy, vol 58, pp 17-28.

Liddiard, M. and Hutson, S. (1991) ‘Homeless children; young people; runaways young people and runaways: agency definitions and processes’. Journal of Social Policy, vol 20, no 3, pp 365-88.

Ringwalt, C.L., Greene, J.M. and Robertson, M.J. children; experiences; family relationships; (1998) ‘Familial backgrounds and risk international material; young people behaviours of youth and thrownaway experiences’, Journal of Adolescence, vol 21, pp 241-52.

*Safe on the Streets Research Team (1999) Still runaways running: Children on the streets in the UK, London: The Children’s Society.

Rural/Coastal homelessness

Button, E. (1992) Rural housing for Youth, London: rural homelessness; young people Centrepoint.

Centrepoint Buckinghamshire (1998) Improving housing needs; housing problems; rural young people’s housing options in homelessness; strategic working; young people Buckinghamshire: A report and strategy, High Wycombe: Centrepoint Buckinghamshire.

*Centrepoint Eden Valley (1998) A study into a multi-agency working; rural homelessness; rural network of supported housing for young strategic working; supported accommodation; people, Leeds: Centrepoint. young people

Collins, J. (1992) Growing demand: Single-person housing needs; rural homelessness; support housing in three highland districts, Edinburgh: services; unemployment Scottish Council for Single Homeless.

Community Action (1997) Rural homelessness and rural homelessness; young people young single people, Bristol: Community Action.

Corbett, G. and Logies, D. (1997) Scotland’s rural rural homelessness housing: At the heart of communities, Edinburgh: Shelter (Scotland).

22 Groups of homeless people

Department of the Environment, Transport and the housing needs; rural homelessness Regions (1998) The nature of demand for housing in rural areas, London: DETR.

Findlay, D. (1992) Out of the code – Homelessness rural homelessness in Cumbria, Penrith: NACAB Rural Housing Advice Project.

*Ford, J., Quilgars, D., Burrows, R. and Pleace, N. access to housing; advice services; hidden (1997) Young people and housing, Salisbury: homelessness; housing needs; housing problems; Rural Development Commission. private rending; rural homelessness; social housing; tied accommodation; young people

*Hutson, S. and Jones, S. (1997) Rough sleeping and rough sleepers; rural homelessness homelessness in Rhondda Cynon Taff, Pontypridd: University of Glamorgan.

Jones, A. (1999) ‘No cardboard boxes, so no rural homelessness; young people problem? Young people and housing in rural areas’, in J. Rugg (ed) Young people, housing and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

*Kennedy, M. (1993) Homeless-on-sea: An coastal homelessness; experiences; housing needs; investigation into the plight of single homeless hidden homelessness in seaside towns, London: Crisis.

National Association of Citizen Advice Bureaux housing needs; rural homelessness (1999) No place to turn: The shortage of affordable housing in non-metropolitan areas, London: NACB.

Pitcher, J. (1998) Homelessness in the South West rural homelessness region, Warwick: Institute for Employment.

*Ransley, S. (1996) Developing effective responses to access to housing; advice services; benefits; rural homelessness: Report on Shelter’s Rural community care; emergency accommodation; Housing Aid Conference September 1995, foyers; hidden homelessness; housing aid; law/ London: Shelter. legal issues; local authorities; multi-agency working; private renting; responses; rural homelessness; social housing; strategic working; tied accommodation; women; young people

White, L. (1996) A place in the country, London: rural homelessness Centrepoint.

Youth Homelessness Working Party (1993) rural homelessness; young people ‘Nowhere to go’: A report on youth homelessness in West Lancashire, West Lancashire: Youth Homelessness Working Party.

23 A bibliography of single homelessness research

Survivors of sexual abuse

*Hendessi, M. (1992) 4 in 10 – Report on young access to housing; crime; ethnic minorities; women who become homeless as a result of housing needs; multi-agency working; myths; sexual abuse, London: CHAR. prostitution; resettlement work; sexual abuse; support needs; violence; women; young people

*McRobbie, D. (1993) Supporting survivors: CHAR’s sexual abuse; women guide to good practice in work with homeless women who are survivors in sexual abuse, London: CHAR.

McRobbie, D. (1993) Learning to respond, London: resource material; sexual abuse; women National Homeless Alliance.

Women

*Allen, S. and Knight, Y. (1995) Women’s experience access to housing; access to services; experiences; of homelessness in Thamesdown: First report: hostels; housing needs; priority need; women council run hostels, Thamesdown: Women’s Advisory Panel, Thamesdown Borough Council.

Centrepoint (1996) Women and youth women; young people homelessness, London: Centrepoint.

*Croft-White, C. and Parry-Cooke, G. (1997) Double direct access accommodation; HMII; hostels; exposure: Addressing the needs of homeless mental health; multi-agency working; support women with mental illness, London: Sainsbury needs; women Centre for Mental Health.

*Dibblin, J. (1991) Wherever I lay my hat: Young experiences; family relationships; gender; health; women and homelessness, London: Shelter. hidden homelessness; hostels; myths; physical abuse; poverty; prostitution; sexual abuse; stigmatisation; women

Doyle, L. (1999) ‘The big issue: empowering women homeless women through academic research?’, Area, vol 31, no 3, pp 239-46.

*Glasgow Council for Single Homeless (1998) women Women and homelessness in Glasgow, Glasgow: GCSH.

Hague, G. and Malos, E. (1993) Local authority children; family relationships; local authorities; responses to women and children escaping statutory initiatives; women domestic violence, York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.

*Hendessi, M. (1991) 4 in 10 – Report on young access to housing; crime; ethnic minorities; women who become homeless as a result of housing needs; multi-agency working; myths; sexual abuse, London: CHAR. prostitution; resettlement work; sexual abuse; support needs; violence; women; young people

24 Groups of homeless people

Howell, N. (1991) Homeless single women in women Canterbury, Canterbury: Canterbury Cyrenians.

*Jones, A. (1999) Out of sight, out of mind? The experiences; women experiences of homeless women, London: Crisis.

Lothian Regional Council (1990) Single family relationships; women homelessness and one parent families in Lothian, Edinburgh: Lothian Regional Council: Women’s Committee.

*McRobbie, D. (1993) Supporting survivors: CHAR’s sexual abuse; women guide to good practice in work with homeless women who are survivors in sexual abuse, London: CHAR.

Morgan, A. (1999a) Her stories: Young women and women; young people homelessness Glasgow 1990-1999, Glasgow: Barnardo’s and City Centre Initiative.

*Morgan, A. (1999b) Knitting patterns: Young women; young people women and homelessness Glasgow 1990-1999, Glasgow: Barnardo’s and City Centre Initiative.

Passaro, J. (1996) The unequal homeless: Men on ethnicity; family relationships; gender; the street, women in their place, New York, international comparison; men; women NY: Routledge.

Pearson, A. and George, S. (1999) ‘Type of health; mental health; physical health; women accommodation and subjective health status in a population of homeless women in Southampton’, Health and Social Care in the Community, vol 7, no 2, pp 148-54.

Ross, M. (1990) Counting women – A summary of women research into women and homelessness, London: London Housing Unit.

Sexty, C. (1990) Women losing out: Access to access to housing; women housing in Britain today, London: Shelter.

Shelter (1997) Women and housing, London: women Shelter.

*Smith, J. (1999) ‘Gender and homelessness’, in S. gender; men; women Hutson and D. Clapham (eds) Homelessness: Public policies and private troubles, London and New York, NY: Cassell.

25 A bibliography of single homelessness research

Smith, J. and Gilford, S. (1998) ‘Not only street ethnicity; gender; men; research methods; rough sleepers are homeless: issues of gender and sleepers; women ethnicity in researching youth homelessness’, Youth and Policy, vol 59, pp 70-86.

Wardhaugh, J. (1999) ‘The unaccommodated identity; women woman: home, homelessness and identity’, The Sociological Review, pp 91-109.

Watson, S. (1999) ‘A home is where the heart is: definitions; gender; women engendering notions of homelessness’, in P. Kennett and A. Marsh (eds) Homelessness: Exploring the new terrain, Bristol: The Policy Press.

*Webb, S. (1994) My address is not my home: hidden homelessness; women Hidden homelessness and single women in Scotland, Edinburgh: SCSH.

Young people

*Allard, A., Argent, K. and Hendessi, M. (1995) No children; homelessness law; housing benefit; fault of their own: The plight of homeless housing stock; myths; private renting; social children and young people, London: housing; statutory homelessness; young people NCVCCO.

*Anderson, I. and Douglas, A. (1998) The benefits; education; employment; foyers; funding development of foyers in Scotland, Edinburgh: mechanisms; housing benefit; support services; Scottish Homes. training; young people

*Anderson, I. and Quilgars, D. (1995) Foyers for benefits; employment; foyers; funding young people: Evaluation of a pilot initiative, mechanisms; housing benefit; rent; support needs; York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation. training; young people

*Avramov, D. (ed) (1997) Youth homelessness in the international comparison; young people European Union, Brussels: FEANTSA.

Beckingham, R., Carpenter, J. and St. Michaels, K. experiences; young people (1998) Still homeless, still waiting: Youth homelessness and associated problems in Chesterfield, Duffield: Churches Housing Coalition Derbyshire.

*Blackman, S. (1998) ‘Disposable generation? An causes; crime; drugs; myths; social exclusion; ethnographic study of youth homelessness in theory; violence; young people Kent’, Youth and Policy, vol 59, pp 38-56.

26 Groups of homeless people

*Blackman, S. (ed) (1998) Youth homelessness and causes; crime; drugs; myths; social exclusion; social exclusion, Special edition of Youth and theory; violence; young people Policy, vol 59, pp 1-111.

*Blaire, C. and Wrate, R.M. (1997) Feeling bad: The mental health; young people troubled lives and health of single young homeless people in Edinburgh, Edinburgh: The Young People’s Unit, Royal Edinburgh Hospital.

*Bowpitt, G. and Matthews, L. (1997) The housing accommodation preferences; housing aspirations; aspirations of young homeless people in support needs; support services; young people Nottingham, Nottingham: Macedon Trust.

*Brody, S. (1996) The Children Act and homeless 16 Children Acts; good practice guide; local and 17 year olds, London: CHAR. authorities; social work services; young people

Brody, S. (1998) ‘Youth homelessness: ways benefits; voluntary agencies; young people forward’, Youth and Policy, vol 59, pp 86-8.

*Bruegel, I. and Smith, J. (1999) Taking risks – family relationships; support needs; support Analysis of the risks of homelessness for young services; young people people in London, London: Safe in the City.

Button, E. (1992) Rural housing for youth, London: rural homelessness; young people Centrepoint.

*Carlen, P. (1996) Jigsaw: A political criminology of begging; crime; drugs; experiences; law/legal youth homelessness, Buckingham: Open issues; police prostitution; unemployment; young University Press. people

Caskie, K. (1990) Some chance: Local authorities’ local authorities; young people responses to homelessness and housing need among young people, Edinburgh: Shelter (Scotland).

*Caskie, K. (1993) Some change – Some chance! homelessness law; housing needs; local Scottish local authorities response to authorities; support needs; support services; young homelessness and housing need among young people people: how this has changed since 1990, Edinburgh: Shelter (Scotland).

Centrepoint (1996) Factsheet: Women and youth women; young people homelessness, London: Centrepoint.

*Nassor, I.A.A. and Simms, A. (1996) The new young people picture of youth homelessness in Britain, London: Centrepoint.

Centrepoint (1998) The young face of homelessness, emergency shelters; runaways; young people London: Centrepoint.

Centrepoint (1999) Cut now – pay later! The effect housing benefit; law/legal issues; young people of housing benefit changes on young people, London: Centrepoint.

27 A bibliography of single homelessness research

*Chatrik, B. (1994) Foyers: A home and a job?, employment; foyers; funding mechanisms; move London: Youthaid. on accommodation; support needs; training; transitional accommodation; vulnerability; young people

*Commander, M., Davis, A., McCabe, A. and direct access accommodation; hostels; mental Stanyer, A. (1998) ‘Keeping a lid on it?’: Youth health; support needs; support services; supported homelessness and mental health, Birmingham: accommodation; young people University of Birmingham.

Community Action (1997) Rural homelessness and rural homelessness; young people young single people, Bristol: Community Action.

Connor, A. and Headrick, D. (1993) A better start: responses; social work services; young people Social work service projects for homeless young people, Part One: The experience of the Scottish Office Rooflessness Initiative, and Part Two: The Scottish Office Rooflessness Initiative: background and research findings, Edinburgh: Scottish Office Central Research Unit Papers.

*Corbett, G. (1999) The Children (Scotland) Act care leavers; Children Acts; good practice; law/ and Homelessness: The first six months, legal issues; local authorities; social work services; Edinburgh: Shelter (Scotland). young people

*England, J. (forthcoming) Evaluation of Capital floating support; resettlement work; support needs; Youth Link, London: Capital Housing Project. young people

28 Groups of homeless people

*Evans, A. (1996) We don’t choose to be homeless: asylum seakers; benefits; care leavers; causes; Report of the National Enquiry into Preventing Children Acts; definitions; ethnic minorities; extent Youth Homelessness, London: CHAR. of homelessness; family relationships; gay and lesbian issues; health; homelessness law; housing needs; housing problems; housing stock; law/legal issues; multi-agency; overview; prevention; responses; statistics; strategic working; support needs; women; young people

Fitzpatrick, S. (1998) ‘Hidden homelessness hidden homelessness; young people amongst young people’, Youth and Policy, vol 59, pp 8-22.

*Fitzpatrick, S. (1999) Pathways to independence: experiences; young people The experience of young homeless people, Edinburgh: Scottish Homes.

*Flemen, K. (1997) Smoke and whispers: Drugs and drugs; economic activity; family relationships; youth homelessness in Central London, health; support services; young people London: The Hungerford Drug Project.

*Forst, M.L. (1994) ‘A substance abuse profile of access to healthcare; crime; drugs; family delinquent and homeless youth’, Journal of relationships; health; HIV/Aids; international Drug Education, vol 24, no 3, pp 79-89. material; outreach work; prostitution; young people

Foyer Federation (1993) Good practice handbook foyers; good practice; good practice guide; young for foyers, London: Foyer Federation. people

*Foyer Federation (1998) Foyers and businesses business involvement; employment; foyers; multi- working together, London: Shelter. agency working; training young people

*Gilchrist, R. and Jeffs, T. (1995) ‘Foyers: housing foyers; hostels; housing aspirations; housing solution or folly?’, Youth and Policy, vol 50, needs; stigmatisation; supported accommodation; pp 1-12. young people

*Griffiths, S. (1997) Benefit shortfalls: The impact of housing benefit; law/legal issues; young people housing benefit cuts on young single people, London: Shelter.

Hall, J. (1999) Status zero: A young person’s road to young people homelessness, London: Depaul Trust.

29 A bibliography of single homelessness research

*Hoffman, S. (1996) Against the odds: Youth access to housing; advice; Children Acts; housing homelessness in Wales, Swansea: Shelter needs; local authorities; multi-agency working; Cymru. poverty; strategic working; vulnerability; young people

*Hutson, S. (1997) Supported housing: The experience care leavers; education; supported of young care leavers, Barkingside: Barnardo’s. accommodation; young people

*Hutson, S. (1999) ‘A decade of youth young people homelessness’, in D. Dunkerly and A. Thompson (eds) Wales today, Cardiff: University of Wales Press.

*Hutson, S. and Liddiard, M. (1991) Young and benefits; definitions; homelessness law; hostels; homeless in Wales: Government policies, housing problems; support needs; support insecure accommodation and agency support, services; young people Swansea: Department of Sociology and Anthropology, University College of Swansea.

*Hutson, S. and Liddiard, M. (1994) Youth causes; definitions; ethnicity; extent of homelessness: The construction of a social homelessness; gender; international comparison; issue, London: Macmillan. media representations; theory; voluntary agencies; young people

Hutson, S. and Liddiard, M. (1997) ‘Youth young people homelessness: marginalising the marginalised,’ in H. Jones (ed) Towards a classless society?, London: Routledge.

Jones, G. (1991) ‘The cost of living in the parental family relationships; young people home’, Youth and Policy, vol 32, pp 19-29.

*Jones, G. (1993) Young people in and out of the housing needs; young people housing market research project, Edinburgh: Centre for Educational Sociology, University of Edinburgh and SCSH.

Jones, G. (1995) Leaving home, Buckingham: Open family relationships; housing needs; young people University Press.

*Julienne, L. (1998) ‘Homelessness and young ethnic minorities; young people single people from black and minority ethnic communities’, Youth and Policy, vol 59, pp 23-37

30 Groups of homeless people

*Kemp, P.A. and Rugg, J. (1998) The single room access to housing; housing benefit; poverty; rent: Its impact on young people, York: Centre private renting; rent; young people for Housing Policy, University of York.

*Key to the Door (1997) ‘The bare essentials’: benefits; furnished accommodation; furniture; Examining the need for the provision of housing aspirations; housing needs; poverty; furnished accommodation for young people in support needs; young people Oldham (Phase 2 Research Findings), Oldham: Key to the Door.

Kirby, P. (1994) A word from the street: Young care leavers; young people people who leave care and become homeless, London: Centrepoint.

*Kirk, D., Nelson, S., Sinfield, A., and Sinfield, D. benefits; housing needs; poverty; young people (1991) Excluding youth: Poverty among young people living away from home, Edinburgh: Bridges Project and Edinburgh Centre for Social Welfare Research, University of Edinburgh.

*Klee, H. and Reid, P. (1998) ‘Drug use among the drugs; health; young people young homeless: coping through self- medication’, Health, vol 2, no 2, pp 115-34.

*Klee, H. and Reid, P. (1998) ‘Drugs and youth drugs; young people homelessness: reducing the risk’, Drugs – Education Prevention and Policy, vol 5, no 3, pp 269-80.

Lane, D. (1998) Keeping the focus on youth rural homelessness; strategic working; young homelessness: A progress report and future people strategy, Leamington Spa: Centrepoint Warwickshire.

Liddiard, M. and Hutson, S. (1991) ‘Homeless runaways; young people young people and runaways: agency definitions and processes’, Journal of Social Policy, vol 20,no 3, pp 365-88.

Liddiard, M. and Hutson, S. (1998) ‘Youth media representations; young people homelessness, the press and public attitudes’, Youth and Policy, vol 59, pp 57-69.

MacDermott, T. and Swallow, J. (1998) One person’s housing needs; law/legal issues; young people ceiling is another person’s floor: A teacher’s guide to housing, homelessness and young people, London: Shelter.

MacDonald, R. (1997) Youth, the ‘underclass’ and social exclusion; young people social exclusion, London: Routledge.

*McCluskey, J. (1993) Reassessing priorities: The Children Acts; young people Children Act 1989 – a new agenda for young homeless people?, London: CHAR.

31 A bibliography of single homelessness research

*McCluskey, J. (1994) Acting in isolation, London: Children Acts; good practice; young people CHAR.

*McCluskey, J. (1994) Breaking the spiral: Ten Children Acts; myths; young people myths on the Children Act and youth homelessness, London: CHAR.

*Munn, D. (1996) Leaving institutions: Project pack, care leavers; resource material; young people Edinburgh: SCSH.

Oldman, J. (1997) ‘Beyond bricks and mortar’, in J. housing needs; young people Roche (ed) Youth in society, London: Sage Publications.

*Pleace, N. and Quilgars, D. (1999) ‘Youth young people homelessness’, in J. Rugg (ed) Young people, housing and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

Quilgars, D. and Anderson, I. (1997) ‘Addressing foyers, unemployment; young people the problem of youth homelessness and unemployment: the contribution of foyers’, in R. Burrows, N. Pleace and D. Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

Quilgars, D. and Pleace, N. (1999) ‘Housing and support services; young people support services for young people’, in J. Rugg (ed) Young people, housing and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

*Randall, G. and Brown, S. (1999) Ending advice services; employment; housing benefit; exclusion: Employment and training schemes multi-agency working; support needs; support for homeless young people, York: Joseph services; training; young people Rowntree Foundation.

*Reid, P. and Klee, H. (1999) ‘Young homeless people access to housing; advice services; drugs; health; and service provision’, Health and Social Care law/legal issues; support services; young people in the Community, vol 7, no 1, pp 17-24.

Ringwalt, C.L., Greene, J.M. and Robertson, M.J. experiences; family relationships; international (1998) ‘Familial backgrounds and risk material behaviours of youth and thrownaway experiences’, Journal of Adolescence, vol 21, pp 241-52.

*Rooney, B. and Brown, M. (1996) Locked out!: access to housing; advice services; Bed & Housing and young black people on Breakfast; care leavers; ethnic minorities; family Merseyside, Liverpool: Shelter and Federation relationships; housing associations; housing of Black Housing Organisations. benefit; local authorities; private renting; support services; supported accommodation; voluntary agencies; young people

Rugg, J. (1999) Making connections: Tackling youth multi-agency working; strategic working; young homelessness through multi-agency strategies, people London: Shelter.

32 Groups of homeless people

*Rugg, J. (1999) Young people, housing and social housing needs; overview; young people policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

Save the Children (1995) Lives of the young and emergency shelters; experiences; young people homeless in Humberside: A report on young people’s experience of homelessness from the perspective of the winter shelter, Hull, Hull: Save the Children.

*Shelter Scotland (1991) Living on the borderline: characteristics of homeless people; migration/ Homeless young Scots in London, Edinburgh: mobility; young people Shelter Scotland.

Shelter (1992) The Foyer Project: A collection of foyers; young people background papers, London: Shelter.

Shelter (Scotland) (1995) When the bright lights go experiences; migration; mobility; young people out: Young homeless Scots in London 1995, Edinburgh: Shelter (Scotland).

*Shelter (Scotland) and Scottish Council for Single care leavers; characteristics of homeless people; Homeless (1994) No place called home: Young emergency accommodation; runaways; social work people and homelessness in Scotland, services; young people Edinburgh: Shelter (Scotland).

*Smith, J., Gilford, S., Kirby, P., O’Reilly, A. and Ing, housing needs; migration; mobility; young people P. (1996) Bright lights and homelessness: Family and single homelessness among young people in our cities, London: National Council of YMCAs (England).

Smith, J. and Gilford, S. (1998) ‘Not only street ethnicity; gender; research methods; rough sleepers are homeless: issues of gender and sleepers ethnicity in researching youth homelessness’, Youth and Policy, vol 59, pp 70-86.

*Smith, J., Gilford, S. and O’Sullivan, A. (1998) The family relationships; young people family background of homeless young people, York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.

Snape, V.B. (1992) ‘Foyers’: What young people foyers; young people think, London: London and Quadrant Housing Trust.

Social Work Services Inspectorate (1996) Working Children Acts; responses; social work services; with young homeless people Part A, Part B, statutory initiatives; young people Edinburgh: HMSO.

Strathclyde Poverty Alliance (1992) Youth benefits; poverty; social exclusion; unemployment; destitution in Strathclyde, Glasgow: young people Strathclyde Poverty Alliance.

Strathdee, R. (1992) No way back: Homeless 16 and benefits; family relationships; young people 17 year olds in the ‘90s, London: Centrepoint.

33 A bibliography of single homelessness research

Strathdee, R. and Coster, D. (1996) ‘They don’t benefits; family relationships; young people want me back’: Benefit changes and homeless 16 and 17 year olds, London: Centrepoint Soho.

Stronge, J.H. (1992) ‘The background: history and children; education; young people problems of schooling for the homeless’, in J.H. Stronge (ed) Educating homeless children and adolescents: Evaluating policy and practice, London: Sage Publications.

Subhra, G. (1997) Strategies for survival: Poverty experiences; poverty; young people and homeless young people in Derby, Derby: University of Derby.

Thain, M. (1996) Homelessness and the Children Children Acts; law/legal issues; statutory initiatives; (Scotland) Act 1995, Edinburgh: Shelter young people (Scotland).

*Thornton, R. (1990) The new homeless: The crisis of local authorities; young people youth homelessness and the response of local housing authorities, London: SHAC.

*van der Arend, J. (1998) One step closer to home, direct access accommodation; emergency shelters; London: Centrepoint. young people

*van der Ploeg, J. and Scholte, E. (1997) Homeless alcohol; drugs; family relationships; mental health; youth, London: Sage Publications. prevention; support services; young people

*Ward, C. (1997) Havens and springboards: The employment; foyers; international comparison; foyer movement in context, London: Calouste project funding; social inclusion; training; young Gulbenkian Foundation. people

*Watson, L. (1999) Not mad, bad or young enough: mental health; young people Helping young homeless people with mental health problems, Bristol: The Policy Press.

Youth Homelessness Working Party (1993) rural homelessness; young people ‘Nowhere to go’: A report on youth homelessness in West Lancashire, West Lancashire: Youth Homelessness Working Party.

*Wyler, S. (1999) New Deal, big deal?: The benefits; economic activity; employment; young experience of homeless young people in the first people year of the government’s New Deal, London: Crisis.

34 5 Aspects of life affected by homelessness

Health Keywords

Health (general)

Barry, A.E., Carr-Hill, R. and Glanville, J. (1991) health Homelessness and health: What do we know? What should be done?, York: University of York.

*Bines, W. (1994) The health of single homeless access to healthcare; health; mental health; multi- people, York: Centre for Housing Policy, agency working; multiple needs; physical health; University of York. rough sleepers; support needs; supported accommodation

Bines, W. (1997) ‘The health of single homeless access to healthcare; health; mental health; people’, in R. Burrows, N. Pleace and D. physical health Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

CHAR (1993) Homing in on health: Resource pack health; healthcare on health and homelessness, London: CHAR.

*Connelly, J. and Crown, J. (1994) Homelessness access to housing; alcohol; Bed & Breakfast; and ill health, London: Royal College of causes; community care definitions; direct access Physicians in London. accommodation; drugs; employment; health; healthcare; HIV infection; housing needs; law/legal issues; mental health; physical health; priority need; research methods; rough sleepers; social work services

Connelly, J., Kelleher, C., Morton, S., St George, D. health; physical health and Roderick, P. (1991) Housing or homelessness: A public health perspective: a report from the Working Group on Housing and Health of the Committee on Health Promotion (2nd edn), London: Faculty of Public Health Medicine, Royal College of Physicians.

35 A bibliography of single homelessness research

*Grenier, P. (1996) Still dying for a home: An update drugs; health; healthcare; mental health; multiple of Crisis’ 1992 investigation into the links needs; physical health; rough sleepers; suicide between homelessness, health and mortality, London: Crisis.

Hinton, T. (1992) Health and homelessness in health; physical health Hackney, London: The Medical Campaign Project.

Keyes, S. and Kennedy, M. (1992) Sick to death of health; mental health; suicide homelessness, London: Crisis.

*Knight, M. (1994) Housing, homelessness and definitions; health; healthcare; HMII; housing health: A report of the Standing Conference on needs; housing stock; local authorities; multiple Public Health, London: Nuffield Provincial needs; RSI; support services; temporary Hospitals Trust. accommodation

*Pleace, N. and Quilgars, D. (1996) Health and access to healthcare; asylum seekers; community homelessness in London: A review, London: care; definitions; ethnic minorities; extent of King’s Fund. homelessness; funding mechanisms; health; law/ legal issues; mental health; multi-agency working; physical health; rough sleepers; strategic working

Pleace, N. (1997) ‘Health, homelessness and access access to services; health; healthcare to health care services in London’, in R. Burrows, N. Pleace and D. Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

Power, R., French, R., Connelly, J., George, S., health; interventions Hawes, D., Hinton, T., Klee, H., Robinson, D., Senior, J., Timms, P. and Warner, D. (1999) ‘Health, health promotion and homelessness’, British Medical Journal, no 318, pp 590-92.

Quick, A. (1991) Unequal risks, London: Socialist health Health Association.

Shanks, N.J., George, S.L., Westlake, L. and health; theory Al-Kalai, D. (1994) ‘Who are the homeless?’, Public Health, vol 108, pp 11-19.

Shelter (1997) Homelessness and health, London: health; mental health; physical health Shelter.

*Walley, K. (1994) Health and social needs of single health; support needs homeless people in Derby City, Derby: Department of Public Health.

36 Aspects of life affected by homelessness

Physical health

*Connelly, J. and Crown, J. (1994) Homelessness access to housing; alcohol; Bed & Breakfast; and ill health, London: Royal College of causes; community care definitions; direct access Physicians in London. accommodation; drugs; employment; health; healthcare; HIV/Aids; housing needs; law/legal issues; mental health; physical health; priority need; research methods; rough sleepers; social work services

Connelly, J., Kelleher, C., Morton, S., St. George, D. health; physical health and Roderick, P. (1991) Housing or homelessness: A public health perspective: a report from the Working Group on Housing and Health of the Committee on Health Promotion (2nd edn), London: Faculty of Public Health Medicine, Royal College of Physicians.

*Citron, K.M., Southern, A. and Dixon, M. (1995) access to healthcare; alcohol; health; men; multi- Out of the shadow: Detecting and treating agency working; physical health; poverty; research tuberculosis among single homeless people, methods; rough sleepers London: Crisis.

Hinton, T. (1992) Health and homelessness in health; physical health Hackney, London: The Medical Campaign Project.

Klee, H. (1991) ‘Homelessness among injecting drugs; health; HIV/Aids; physical health drug users: implications for the spread of AIDS’, Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, vol 1, pp 143-54.

37 A bibliography of single homelessness research

*North, C., Moore, H. and Owens, C. (1996) Go health; hostels; housing needs; mental health; home and rest? The use of an Accident and physical health; support needs Emergency department by homeless people, London: Shelter.

Shelter (1997) Homelessness and health, London: health; mental health; physical health Shelter.

Winkleby, M.A. and White, R. (1992) ‘Homeless health; mental health; physical health adults without apparent medical and psychiatric impairment – the onset of morbidity over time’, Hospital and Community Psychiatry, vol 43, no 10, pp 1017-33.

Mental health

*Baker, L. (1997) Homelessness and suicide, characteristics of homeless people; experiences; London: Shelter. health; mental health; risk factors; self-harm; suicide; support needs

*Bhugra, D. (ed) Homelessness and mental health, crime; definitions; healthcare; hostels; international Cambridge: Cambridge University Press comparison; international material; mental health; migration/mobility; multiple needs; older people; resource material; theory; support services; unemployment; women; young people

Bines, W. (1997) ‘The health of single homeless access to healthcare; health; mental health; people’, in R. Burrows, N. Pleace, and D. physical health Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

*Blaire C. and Wrate, R.M. (1997) Feeling bad: The health; mental health; young people troubled lives and health of single young homeless people in Edinburgh, Edinburgh: The Young People’s Unit, Royal Edinburgh Hospital.

*Connelly, J. and Crown, J. (1994) Homelessness access to housing; alcohol; Bed & Breakfast; and ill health, London: Royal College of causes; community care definitions; direct access Physicians in London. accommodation; drugs; employment; health; healthcare; HIV/Aids; housing needs; law/legal issues; mental health; priority need; research methods; rough sleepers; social work services

38 Aspects of life affected by homelessness

*Craig, T., Bayliss, E., Klein, O., Manning, P. and health; HMII; mental health; outreach work; multi- Reader, L. (1995) The Homeless Mentally Ill agency working; Initiative: An evaluation of four clinical teams, London: Department of Health.

Craig, T. (1996) Off to a bad start, London: Mental health; mental health Health Foundation.

Crane, M. (1994) ‘The mental health problems of health; mental health; older people elderly people living on London’s streets’, International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatric, vol 9, pp 87-95.

Crane, M. (1998) ‘The associations between mental health; mental health; older people illness and homelessness among older people: an exploratory study’, Ageing and Mental Health, vol 2, no 3, pp 171-80.

*Dean, R. and Craig, T. (1999) Pressure points: Why characteristics of homeless people; community people with mental health problems become care; floating support; literature review; mental homeless, London: Crisis. health; risk factors

*Crockett, N. and Spicker, P. (1994) Discharged: community care; day centres; hostels; housing Homelessness among psychiatric patients in needs; mental health; prevention; support needs; Scotland, Edinburgh: Shelter (Scotland). support services

Fisher, N., Turner, S.W., Pugh, R. and Taylor, C. extent of homelessness; health; mental health; (1994) ‘Estimating numbers of homeless research methods people and homeless mentally ill people in North East Westminster by using capture- recapture analysis’, British Medical Journal, vol 308, pp 816-19.

Geddes, J., Newton, R. and Young G. et al (1994) health; hostels; mental health ‘Comparison of prevalence of schizophrenia among residents of hostel for homeless people in 1966 and 1992’, British Medical Journal, no 308, pp 27-30.

*Gill, B., Meltzer, H., Hinds, K. and Petticrew, M. alcohol; characteristics of homeless people; drugs; (1996) Psychiatric morbidity among homeless emergency accommodation; hostels; health; mental people, London: HMSO. health; poverty; rough sleepers; temporary accommodation

39 A bibliography of single homelessness research

Keyes, S. and Kennedy, M. (1992) Sick to death of health; mental health; suicide homelessness, London: Crisis.

Laing, I. (1994) Single homelessness and mental health; mental health health issues in Glasgow, Glasgow: Glasgow District Council Housing Department.

London Housing Unit (1990) Black single ethnic minorities; health; mental health homelessness and mental health seminar, Report of a seminar held on 29 March 1990, London: London Housing Unit.

Pleace, N. and Quilgars, D. (1997) ‘Health, access to services; health; healthcare homelessness and access to health care services in London’, in R. Burrows, N. Pleace and D. Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

Quick, A. (1991) Unequal risks, London: Socialist health Health Association.

Scott, J. (1993) ‘Homelessness and mental health’, health; mental health British Journal of Psychiatry, vol 162, pp 314- 24.

40 Aspects of life affected by homelessness

Shelter (1997) Mental health and homelessness, health; mental health London: Shelter.

Shelter (1997) Homelessness and health, London: health; mental health; physical health Shelter.

Taylor, I. (1992) Discharged with care: A report on leaving institutions; mental health; prevention practical arrangements for people leaving psychiatric hospitals in Scotland and the prevention of homelessness, Edinburgh: Royal Edinburgh Hospital/SCSH.

*Walley, K. (1994) Health and social needs of single health; mental health; support needs homeless people in Derby City, Derby: Department of Public Health.

*Watson, L. (1999) Not mad, bad or young enough: health; mental health; young people Helping young homeless people with mental health problems, Bristol: The Policy Press.

Williams, R. (1995) People who are homeless: A health; mental health place in mind, London: HMSO.

Winkleby, M.A. and White, R. (1992) ‘Homeless health; mental health; physical health adults without apparent medical and psychiatric impairment – the onset of mobidity over time’, Hospital and Community Psychiatry, vol 43, no 10, pp 1017-33.

Healthcare

Balazs, J. (1993) ‘Health care for single homeless health; access to healthcare people’, in K. Fisher and J. Collins (eds) Health care and welfare provision, London: Routledge.

*Collins, M (1997) Homeless people’s experience of experiences; health; access to healthcare health care services in Glasgow, Glasgow: GCSH.

Craig, C. and Silvera, M. (1990) Primary concerns: health; access to healthcare Housing workers guide to the health services for homeless single people, London: NFHA.

*Fisher, K. and Collins, J. (1993) Homelessness, access to healthcare; alcohol; characteristics of health care and welfare provision, London: homeless people; experiences; health; Routledge. international comparison; mental health; support needs; young people

Hinton, T. (1994) Battling through the barriers: A health; access to healthcare study of single homelessness in Newham and access to health care, London: Health Action for Homeless People and East London and the City FHSA.

41 A bibliography of single homelessness research

*North, C., Moore, H. and Owens, C. (1996) Go access to healthcare; health; hostels; housing home and rest? The use of an Accident and needs; mental health; physical health; support Emergency department by homeless people, needs London: Shelter.

Pleace, N. and Quilgars, D. (1997) ‘Health, access to healthcare; access to services; health homelessness and access to health care services in London’, in R. Burrows, N. Pleace and D. Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

Power, R., French, R., Connelly, J., George, S., access to healthcare; health; interventions Hawes, D., Hinton, T., Klee, H., Robinson, D., Senior, J., Timms, P. and Warner, D. (1999) ‘Health, health promotion and homelessness’, British Medical Journal, no 318, pp 590-2.

Royal College of General Practitioners (1993) access to healthcare; health Statement of homelessness and general practice, London: Royal College of General Practitioners.

Scheuer, M.A., Black, M., Victor, C., Benzeval, M., access to healthcare; health; mental health; Gill, M. and Judge, K. (1991) Homelessness physical health and the utilisation of acute hospital services in London, London: King’s Fund.

*The Big Issue in the North Trust (1998) A primary access to healthcare; health; The Big Issue health care study of vendors of The Big Issue in the North, Manchester: The Big Issue in the North Trust.

Alcohol

*Connelly, J. and Crown, J. (1994) Homelessness access to housing; alcohol; Bed & Breakfast; and ill health, London: Royal College of causes; community care definitions; direct access Physicians in London. accommodation; drugs; employment; health; healthcare; HIV/Aids; housing needs; law/legal issues; mental health; priority need; research methods; rough sleepers; social work services

42 Aspects of life affected by homelessness

*Gill, B., Meltzer, H., Hinds, K., and Petticrew, M. alcohol; characteristics of homeless people; drugs; (1996) Psychiatric morbidity among homeless emergency accommodation; hostels; health; mental people, London: HMSO. health; poverty; rough sleepers; temporary accommodation

Holman, C. (1994) The worst time is from dawn alcohol; health until dark, Sheffield: Sheffield Centre for Regional Economic and Social Research, Sheffield Hallam University.

*Mental Health Foundation Expert Working Group alcohol; health; mental health on Persistent Street Drinkers (1996) Too many for the road, London: The Mental Health Foundation.

*Morrish, P. (1993) Living in the shadows: The alcohol; health; housing needs; street culture; accommodation needs and preferences of support services; ‘wet’ provision homeless street drinkers, Leeds: Leeds Accommodation Forum.

*Morrish, P. (1996) Preventing homelessness: alcohol; experiences; health; prevention; support Supporting tenants with alcohol problems, needs; support services London: Shelter.

Wake, M. (1992) Homelessness and street drinking, alcohol; health; street culture Arlington: Arlington Housing Association.

Drugs

Johnson, T.P., Freeks, S.A., Parsons, J.A. and drugs; health; internal material Vangeest, J.B. (1997) ‘Substance abuse and homelessness: Social selection or social adaptation’, Addiction, vol 92, no 4, pp 437- 45.

43 A bibliography of single homelessness research

Klee, H. (1991) ‘Homelessness among injecting drugs; health; HIV/Aids; health; physical health drug users: implications for the spread of AIDS’, Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, vol 1, pp 143-54.

*Klee, H. and Reid, P. (1998) ‘Drug use among the drugs; health; young people young homeless: coping through self- medication’, Health, vol 2, no 2, pp 115-34.

*Klee, H. and Reid, P. (1998) ‘Drugs and youth drugs; health; young people homelessness: reducing the risk’, Drugs – Education prevention and policy, vol 5, no 3, pp 269-80.

Neale, J. (1997) ‘Housing and illicit drug use’, drugs; health Housing Review, vol 46, no 5, pp 104-6.

*The Big Issue in the North Trust (1999) Drugs at drugs; health; The Big Issue the sharp end, Manchester: The Big Issue in the North Trust.

Suicide/Self-harm

*Baker, L. (1997) Homelessness and suicide, characteristics of homeless people; experiences; London: Shelter. health; mental health; risk factors; self-harm; suicide; support needs

Keyes, S. and Kennedy, M. (1992) Sick to death of health; mental health; suicide homelessness, London: Crisis.

Housing

Anderson, I. (1993) ‘Housing policy and street housing needs; rough sleepers homelessness in Britain’, Housing Studies, vol 8, no 1, pp 17-28.

*Anderson, I. (1994) Access to housing for low access to housing; access to services; income single people: A review of recent accommodation preferences; advice services; research and current policy issues, York: housing aspirations; housing needs; housing Centre for Housing Policy, University of York. problems; housing stock; literature review; overview; support needs; support services

44 Aspects of life affected by homelessness

Anderson, I. and Morgan, J. (1997) Social housing housing needs; local authorities; statutory for single people? A study of local policy and initiatives; social housing practice, Stirling: Housing Policy and Practice Unit, University of Stirling.

Anderson, I. (1999) ‘Social housing or social access to housing; social exclusion; social housing exclusion: non-access to housing for single homeless people’, in S. Hutson and D. Clapham (eds) Homelessness: Public policies and private troubles, London and New York, NY: Cassell.

Anderson, I. (1999) ‘Young single people and access to housing; social housing; young people access to social housing’, in J. Rugg (ed) Young people, housing and social policy, London: and New York, NY: Routledge.

*Bramley, G. (1995) Too high a price: Homeless access to housing; homelessness law; housing households, housing benefit and the private associations; housing benefit; law/legal issues; rented sector, London: Shelter. private renting; rent

Butler, S. (1998) Access denied: The exclusion of access to housing; causes; local authorities; social people in need from social housing, London: housing Shelter.

Carlisle, B. (1993) Count me in! An investigation experiences; health; housing needs; local into the housing needs of single homeless authorities; support services people in Greater Manchester, Manchester: Reaching Out.

Collins, J. (1992) Growing demand: Single person housing needs; rural homelessness; support housing in three highland districts, Edinburgh: services; unemployment Scottish Council for Single Homeless.

Corbett, G. (1998) Housing, homelessness and land housing problems; law/legal issues reform, Edinburgh: Shelter (Scotland).

Deacon, A., Vincent, J. and Walker, R. (1995) direct access accommodation; hostels; housing ‘Whose choice, hostels or homes? Policies for needs single homeless people’, Housing Studies, vol 10, no 3, pp 345-63.

Department of the Environment (1994) Access to access to housing; local authorities; social housing local authority and housing association tenancies: A consultation paper, London: Department of the Environment.

Department of the Environment, Transport and the housing needs; rural homelessness Regions (1998) The nature of demand for housing in rural areas, London: DETR.

45 A bibliography of single homelessness research

Dix, J. (1993) Providing and managing furnished furnished accommodation; responses; support rented accommodation for single homeless services people: A report to housing for wales, Cardiff: Housing for Wales.

*Dix, J. (1995) Assessing the housing, health and characteristics of homeless people; definitions; support needs of single homeless people living experiences; hostels; move on accommodation; in hostel accommodation in Cardiff, Cardiff: resettlement work; support needs Cardiff City Council Housing Department.

*Drury, A. (1995) Street homelessness – A way out: access to housing; HMII; multi-agency working; the housing association contribution to the project evaluation; rough sleepers; RSI; strategic Rough Sleepers Initiative, London: London working; support services Federation of Housing Associations.

Garside, P.L. (1993) ‘Housing needs, family values access to housing; housing needs and single homeless people’, Policy & Politics, vol 21, no 4, pp 319-28.

*Gregory, S. and Brownill, S. (1995) The housing/ community care; housing management; support care divide: Community care and the needs management of single person housing in Oxford, Oxford: School of Planning, Oxford Brookes University.

*Hutson, S. (1999) ‘The experience of “homeless” Bed & Breakfast; foyers; hostels; support services; accommodation and support’, in S. Hutson supported accommodation; temporary and D. Clapham (eds) Homelessness: Public accommodation policies and private troubles, London and New York, NY: Cassell.

Institute of Housing (1991) Housing services for access to housing; support services homeless people, Coventry: Institute of Housing.

*Jones, G. (1993) Young people in and out of the access to housing; housing needs; young people housing market research rroject, Edinburgh: Centre for Educational Sociology, University of Edinburgh and SCSH.

46 Aspects of life affected by homelessness

Jones, G. (1995) Leaving home, Buckingham: Open access to housing; family relationships; housing University Press. needs; young people

London Borough of Greenwich (1995) Community community care; housing needs care planning: An analysis of housing needs, Woolwich: London Borough of Greenwich.

*Mina-Coull, A. (1997) Housing agreements in housing rights; law/legal issues; support needs; supported accommodation in Scotland, supported accommodation; tenancy rights Edinburgh: Shelter (Scotland).

*Morrish, P. (1993) Living in the shadows: The alcohol; housing needs; support services; ‘wet’ accommodation needs and preferences of provision homeless street drinkers, Leeds: Leeds Accommodation Forum.

*Munn, D. (1996) Out of the ordinary: Examining international comparison; supported models of supported accommodation for accommodation; young people homeless people, Edinburgh: SCSH.

National Association of Citizen Advice Bureaux housing needs; rural homelessness (1999) No place to turn: The shortage of affordable housing in non-metropolitan areas, London: NACB.

*Pleace, N. (1995) Housing vulnerable single access to housing; benefits; Children Acts; homeless people, York: University of York. community care; housing needs; local authorities; multiple needs; support needs; support services; strategic working; temporary accommodation

*Randall, G. and Brown S. (1994) Private renting access to housing; money problems; private for single homeless people: An evaluation of a renting; rent; rent deposits; rough sleepers pilot Rent Deposit Fund, London: HMSO.

47 A bibliography of single homelessness research

Rhodes, D. and Bevan, M. (1996) Can the private housing needs; private renting rented sector house the homeless?, York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.

Rugg, J. (1996) Opening doors: Helping people on access to housing; private renting; responses; low incomes secure private rented support services accommodation, York: Centre for Housing Policy, University of York.

Rugg, J. (1997) ‘Opening doors in the private access to housing; private renting; responses; rented sector: developments in assistance with support services access’, in R. Burrows, N. Pleace and D. Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

SCSH (1995) Homes for single people, Edinburgh: advice; housing needs SCSH.

Sexty, C. (1990) Women losing out: Access to access to housing; women housing in Britain today, London: Shelter.

Shelter (1996) Not an answer: Private renting for housing needs; private renting; temporary homeless households, London: Shelter. accommodation

Shelter (1999) ‘What if it’s raining?’: Fathers, housing needs; media briefing housing and their children, London: Shelter.

*The Big Issue in the North Trust (1999c) What resettlement work; tenancy breakdown; The Big makes a sustainable tenancy?, Manchester: Issue The Big Issue in the North Trust.

*Vincent, J., Deacon, A. and Walker, R. (1995) direct access accommodation; hostels; men; Homeless single men: Roads to resettlement?, resettlement work; temporary accommodation Aldershot: Avebury.

Walker, R. (1997) Bad for business: Company employment; housing problems employees and their housing problems, London: Shelter.

Wilcock, R. (1994) ‘Housing single people of housing needs working age: seminar report’, Housing Review, vol 43, no 3, pp 93-4.

48 Aspects of life affected by homelessness

Benefits

*Alexander, K. (1999) Homelessness factfile 1998/ access to housing; benefits; causes; characteristics 99, London: Crisis. of homeless people; definitions; employment; experiences; extent of homelessness; law/legal issues; mental health; overview; policing responses; resource material

Brody, S. (1998) ‘Youth homelessness: ways benefits; voluntary agencies; young people forward’, Youth and Policy, vol 59, pp 86-8.

*Carter, M. (1997) The last resort: Living in Bed and Bed & Breakfast; housing benefit; temporary Breakfast in the 1990s, London: Shelter. accommodation

Centrepoint (1999) Cut now – pay later!: The effect housing benefit; law/legal issues; young people of housing benefit changes on young people, London: Centrepoint.

CHAR (1994) Bare necessities: The experience of benefits; law/legal issues; poverty homeless people and the discretionary social fund, London: CHAR.

*Foord, M., Palmer, J. and Simpson, D. (1998) access to housing; funding mechanisms; housing Bricks without mortar: 30 years of single benefit; law/legal issues; overview; statutory homelessness, London: Crisis. initiatives; voluntary agencies; benefits

*Griffiths, S. (1997) Benefit shortfalls: The impact of housing benefit; law/legal issues; young people housing benefit cuts on young single people, London: Shelter.

*Kirk, D., Nelson, S., Sinfield, A. and Sinfield, D. benefits; housing needs; poverty; young people (1991) Excluding youth: Poverty among young people living away from home, Edinburgh: Bridges Project and Edinburgh Centre for Social Welfare Research, University of Edinburgh.

*Metcalf, H. and Christie, I. (1993) Employment benefits; business involvement; employment; initiatives for homeless people, London: support services; training Employment Department.

Oldman, J. (1997) ‘Beyond bricks and mortar’, in J. housing needs; young people; benefits Roche (ed) Youth in society, London: Sage Publications.

49 A bibliography of single homelessness research

Shelter (1997) The early impact of the Housing Act homelessness law; housing benefit; law/legal 1996 and housing benefit changes, London: issues Shelter.

Strathdee, R. and Coster, D. (1996) ‘They don’t benefits; family relationships; young people want me back’: Benefit changes and homeless 16 and 17 year olds, London: Centrepoint Soho.

Subhra, G. (1997) Strategies for survival: Poverty experiences; poverty; young people and homeless young people in Derby, Derby: University of Derby.

Employment/Training

*Foyer Federation (1998) Foyers and businesses business involvement; employment; foyers; multi- working together, London: Shelter. agency working; training young people

*Macdonald, D. and Jackson, A. (1998) Skills for life: voluntary agencies A good practice guide to training homeless people for resettlement and employment, London: Crisis.

*Metcalf, H. and Christie, I. (1993) Employment benefits; business involvement; employment; initiatives for homeless people, London: support services; training Employment Department.

Walker, R. (1997) Bad for business: Company employment; housing problems employees and their housing problems, London: Shelter.

50 Aspects of life affected by homelessness

*Wyler, S. (1999) New Deal, big deal?: The benefits; economic activity; employment; young experience of homeless young people in the first people year of the government’s New Deal, London: Crisis.

Education

*Hutson, S. (1997) Supported housing: The care leavers; education; supported experience of young care leavers, Barkingside: accommodation; young people Barnardo’s.

Power, S., Whitty, G. and Youdell, D. (1995) No children; education place to learn: Homelessness and education, London: Shelter.

Family relationships

Baker, L. (1996) Divided lives, split households and experiences; family relationships; local authorities; homelessness policy and practice, London: support needs Shelter.

Crane, M. (1993) Elderly people sleeping on the older people; rough sleepers streets of inner London: An exploratory study, London: Age Concern Institute of Gerontology, King’s College.

Jones, G. (1991) ‘The cost of living in the parental family relationships; young people home’, Youth and Policy, vol 32, pp 19-29.

51 A bibliography of single homelessness research

*Jones, G. (1993) Young people in and out of the housing needs; young people housing market research project, Edinburgh: Centre for Educational Sociology, University of Edinburgh and SCSH.

Jones, G. (1995) Leaving home, Buckingham: Open family relationships; housing needs; young people University Press.

Jones, G. (1995) Family support for young people, family relationships; young people London: Family Policy Studies Centre.

Lothian Regional Council (1990) Single family relationships; women homelessness and one parent families in Lothian, Edinburgh: Lothian Regional Council: Women’s Committee.

Moroney, L. and Harris, K. (1997) Relationship family relationships; housing needs; housing breakdown and housing: A practical guide, rights; law/legal issues; resource material London: Shelter.

Shelter (1999) ‘What if it’s raining?’: Fathers, family relationships; media briefing housing and their children, London: Shelter.

*Smith, J., Gilford, S. and O’Sullivan, A. (1998) The family relationships; young people family background of homeless young people, York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation.

Strathdee, R. and Coster, D. (1996) ‘They don’t benefits; family relationships; young people want me back’: Benefit changes and homeless 16 and 17 year olds, London: Centrepoint Soho.

Symon, P.W. (1990) Housing and divorce, Swindon: family relationships ESRC.

The Big Issue/Self-help

*Emmaus UK (1998) Off the streets and off benefits – benefits; causes; resettlement work; rough New beginnings for homeless people, sleepers; self-help schemes Cambridge: Emmaus UK.

52 Aspects of life affected by homelessness

*Stitt, S., Thomas, R. and Elliot, S. (1996) Helping campaigning; employment; mental health; support homeless people to help themselves: The Big needs; The Big Issue Issue, Liverpool: Liverpool John Moore’s University, Centre for Consumer Education and Research.

*The Big Issue in the North Trust (1998) A primary health; The Big Issue health care study of vendors of The Big Issue in the North, Manchester: The Big Issue in the North Trust.

*The Big Issue in the North Trust (1999) Annual causes; characteristics of homeless people; housing survey of The Big Issue in the North vendors needs; self-help; support services; The Big Issue 1999, Manchester: The Big Issue in the North Trust.

*The Big Issue in the North Trust (1999) Drugs at drugs; The Big Issue the sharp end, Manchester: The Big Issue in the North Trust.

*The Big Issue in the North Trust (1999) What resettlement work; tenancy breakdown; The Big makes a sustainable tenancy?, Manchester: Issue The Big Issue in the North Trust.

*Turner, R., McNamara, A. and Moores, J. (1997) business involvement; employment; experiences; Who are our vendors – And what would make housing aspirations; support needs; The Big Issue their lives better?, Manchester: The Big Issue in the North.

Begging

Dean, H. (1999) Begging questions: Street-level begging; economic activity; poverty; economic activity and social policy failure, stigmatisation; street culture Bristol: The Policy Press.

Murdoch, A. (1994) We are human too: A study of alcohol; begging; drugs; experiences; family people who beg, London: Crisis. relationships; health; poverty; street culture

Wardhaugh, J. (1996) ‘“Homeless in Chinatown”: begging; economic activity; police; policy deviance and social control in cardboard city’, responses; rough sleepers Sociology, vol 30, no 4, pp 701-16.

53 A bibliography of single homelessness research

Crime/Criminal justice system

*Carlisle, J. (1996) The housing needs of ex- access to housing; advice services; benefit; prisoners, York: Centre for Housing Policy, community care; employment; experiences; ex- University of York. prisoners; health; hostels; housing benefit; housing needs; resettlement work; unemployment

Moore, A. (1999) Housing and sex offenders in ex-prisoners; housing needs Scotland – Practice note, Edinburgh: Chartered Institute of Housing in Scotland.

*O’Leary, J. (1997) Beyond help?: Improving service alcohol; drugs; health; mental health; rough provision for street homeless people with sleepers; support services mental health and alcohol or drug dependency problems, London: National Homeless Alliance.

*Randall, G. and Brown, S. (1999) Prevention is causes; ex-prisoners; ex-services; family better than cure, London: Crisis. relationships; mental health; multi-agency working; prevention; resettlement work; risk factors; rough sleepers; young people

Reid, P., Klee, H. and Lewis, S. (1997) ‘Danger’, crime; victimisation; violence; rough sleepers Community Care, 16-22 January, pp 28-9.

Wardhaugh, J. (1996) ‘“Homeless in Chinatown”: begging; crime; economic activity; police; policing deviance and social control in cardboard city’, responses; rough sleepers Sociology, vol 30, no 4, pp 701-16.

54 Aspects of life affected by homelessness

Media representations

Liddiard, M. (1999) ‘Homelessness: the media, media representations public attitudes and policy making’, in S. Hutson and D. Clapham (eds) Homelessness: Public policies and private troubles, London and New York, NY: Cassell.

Liddiard, M. and Hutson, S. (1998) ‘Youth media representations; young people homelessness, the press and public attitudes’, Youth and Policy, vol 59, pp 57-69.

55 6 Responses to homelessness

Provision of accommodation Keywords

Bed & Breakfast

Carter, M. (1995) Out of sight: London’s continuing Bed & Breakfast; temporary accommodation B&B crisis, London: South Bank University London Homelessness Forum.

*Carter, M. (1997) The last resort: Living in Bed and Bed & Breakfast; housing benefit; temporary Breakfast in the 1990s, London: Shelter. accommodation

*Currie, H. and Pawson, H. (1996) Temporary access to housing; Bed & Breakfast; direct access accommodation for homeless households, accommodation; funding mechanisms; furnished Edinburgh: School of Planning and Housing, accommodation; good practice; hostels; local Edinburgh College of Art, Heriot Watt authorities; social housing; statutory homelessness; University. strategic working; supported accommodation; temporary accommodation

*Ivory, W. (1996) Moving on, moving forward: A Bed & Breakfast; hostels; housing aspirations; survey into move on accommodation, Derby: move on accommodation; resettlement work; CHAR. support needs; temporary accommodation

Emergency shelters

Centrepoint (1997) A foot in the door, London: direct access accommodation; good practice guide Centrepoint.

Christie, A. (1999) ‘“Refuges” for young “runaways”: emergency accommodation; runaways an extension of the care system or a response to youth homelessness’, Youth and Policy, vol 58, pp 17-28.

56 Responses to homelessness

CRASH (1998) Survey of users of winter shelters emergency shelters; extent of homelessness provided in London, Brighton, Bristol and Cambridge: December 1997–March 1998, London: CRASH.

*Resource Information Service (1996) Emergency emergency shelters; hostels hostels: Direct access accommodation in London 1996, London: SHil and LBGC.

*Thames Reach (1998) Closing the bullring, London: emergency accommodation Crisis.

*van der Arend, J. (1998) One step closer to home, direct access accommodation; emergency shelters; London: Centrepoint. young people

Foyers

Foyer Federation (1993) Good practice handbook foyers; good practice; good practice guide; young for foyers, London: Foyer Federation. people

*Foyer Federation (1998) Foyers and businesses business involvement; employment; foyers; multi- working together, London: Shelter. agency working; training; young people

*Gilchrist, R. and Jeffs, T. (1995) ‘Foyers: housing foyers; hostels; housing aspirations; housing solution or folly?’, Youth and Policy, vol 50, needs; young people pp 1-12.

57 A bibliography of single homelessness research

Shelter (1992) The Foyer Project: A collection of foyers; young people background papers, London: Shelter.

Snape, V.B. (1992) Foyers: What young people foyers; young people think, London: London and Quadrant Housing Trust.

Furnished flats

Dix, J. (1993) Providing and managing furnished furnished accommodation; responses; support rented accommodation for single homeless services people: A report to Housing for Wales, Cardiff: Housing for Wales.

*Key to the Door (1997) The bare essentials: benefits; furnished accommodation; furniture; Examining the need for the provision of housing aspirations; housing needs; poverty; furnished accommodation for young people in support needs; young people Oldham (Phase 2 Research Findings), Oldham: Key to the Door.

Rooney, B. (1997) An evaluation of furnished furnished accommodation; responses housing in mainstream practice, Bristol: The Policy Press.

Hostels

*Bacon, N., Lawton, G. and Levison, D. (1996) The access to housing; hostels; housing associations; provision and use of hostels by local authority local authorities; temporary accommodation; housing departments, London: HMSO. support services

Bennett, S. (1990) Lochgelly – Ten years on, experiences; hostels Edinburgh: Scottish Council for Single Homeless.

*Burrows, B. (1998) Living in a homeless hostel: You advice; hostels; money problems; poverty; self- wouldn’t credit it!, Glasgow: Money Advice help schemes; support services Scotland.

58 Responses to homelessness

*Carter, M. (1999) Falling off the first rung: Tackling access to housing; access to services; direct access exclusions from Birmingham’s direct access accommodation; good practice; hostels; multi- hostels, Birmingham: Birmingham’s Homeless agency working; RSI; strategic working and Roofless Partnership.

Evans, A. (1991) Alternatives to Bed and Breakfast: Bed & Breakfast; responses; temporary Temporary housing solutions for homeless accommodation; hostels people, London: National Housing and Town Planning Council.

*Garside, P.L., Grimshaw, R.W. and Ward, F.J. funding mechanisms; hostels; local authorities; (1990) No place like home: The hostels resettlement work; voluntary agencies experience, London: HMSO.

Geddes, J., Newton, R. and Young, G. et al (1994) hostels; mental health ‘Comparison of prevalence of schizophrenia among residents of hostels for homeless people in 1966 and 1992’, British Medical Journal, no 308, pp 27-30.

Glasgow Council for Single Homeless (1990) Single access to healthcare; access to housing; hostels; homelessness and housing need in Glasgow, housing needs; support services Glasgow: GCSH.

*Ham, J. (1996) Steps from the street: A report on direct access accommodation; hostels direct access hostel provision, London: CHAR.

*Neale, J. (1996) Supported hostels for homeless characteristics of homeless people; direct access people: A review, York: Centre for Housing accommodation; hostels overview; theory Policy, University of York.

*Neale, J. (1997) ‘Hostels: a useful policy and accommodation preferences; direct access practice response?’, in R. Burrows, N. Pleace accommodation; hostels; support needs and D. Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

Novas Ouvertures Group (1999) Back on the street, hostels London: Novas Ouvertures Group.

59 A bibliography of single homelessness research

*Resource Information Service (1996) Emergency emergency shelters; hostels hostels: Direct access accommodation in London 1996, London: SHil and LBGC.

Smith, N., Wright, C. and Dawson, T. (1992) hostels; resettlement work Customer perceptions of resettlement units, London: HMSO.

*Vincent, J., Deacon, A. and Walker, R. (1995) direct access accommodation; hostels; men; Homeless single men: Roads to resettlement?, resettlement work; temporary accommodation Aldershot: Avebury.

Temporary accommodation

Carter, M. (1995) Out of sight: London’s continuing Bed & Breakfast; temporary accommodation B&B crisis, London: South Bank University London Homelessness Forum.

*Carter, M. (1997) The last resort: Living in Bed and Bed & Breakfast; housing benefit; temporary Breakfast in the 1990s, London: Shelter. accommodation

Evans, A. (1991) Alternatives to Bed and Breakfast: Bed & Breakfast; hostels; responses; temporary Temporary housing solutions for homeless accommodation people, London: National Housing and Town Planning Council.

Murdoch, A. (1993) In from the cold – Guidance resource material; responses; temporary notes on setting up and running temporary accommodation accommodation schemes for homeless people, London: Crisis.

*Vincent, J., Deacon, A. and Walker, R. (1995) direct access accommodation; hostels; men; Homeless single men: Roads to resettlement?, resettlement work; temporary accommodation Aldershot: Avebury.

60 Responses to homelessness

Support services

Advice services

*Birch, J. (1998) We’d love to help but..., London: advice services; causes; housing rights; Shelter. homelessness law; housing problems

*Bunnin, A. and Paterson, A. (1994) Advice services access to housing; advice services; housing for single homeless people in London, London: associations; housing needs; housing problems; SHAC. housing rights; local authorities; multi-agency working; strategic working; voluntary agencies

*Reid, P. and Klee, H. (1999) ‘Young homeless access to housing; advice services; drugs; health; people and service provision’, Health and law/legal issues; support services; young people Social Care in the Community, vol 7, no 1, pp 17-24.

61 A bibliography of single homelessness research

Day centres

*Cooper, A. (1997) All in a day’s work: A guide to alcohol; day centres; drugs; good practice guide; good practice in day centres working with mental health; multi-agency working; physical homeless people, London: CHAR. health; resettlement work; resource material; support needs; user participation; volunteers

*Gordon, A. (1997) Pay-day or may-day: A guide to day centres; funding mechanisms; good practice day centres funding in England and Wales, guide; resource material London: National Homeless Alliance.

*Llewellin, S. and Murdoch, A. (1996) Saving the day centres; support needs; support services day: The importance of day centres for homeless people, London: CHAR.

National Homeless Alliance (1997) Keeping it safe: day centres; good practice guide; resource material Safety in ‘open door’ day centres – a guide, London: National Homeless Alliance.

National Homeless Alliance (1999) Better by design: day centres; good practice guide; resource material A practical guide to day centre design, London: National Homeless Alliance.

Palframan, M. (1998) The NDP directory of day asylum seekers; day centres; ethnic minorities; centres in the UK for homeless people, London: refugees; resource material; support services National Homeless Alliance.

SHiL (1991) Report of the Conference of Day day centres Centres, 6 March, London: SHiL.

*Waters, J. (1992) Community or ghetto: An analysis day centres of day centre for single homeless people, London: CHAR.

Floating support

*Douglas, A., MacDonald, C. and Taylor, I. (1998) community care; experiences; floating support; Living independently with support: Service mental health; social isolation; support needs; user’s perspectives on ‘floating’ support, Bristol: support services; young people The Policy Press.

*England, J. (forthcoming) Evaluation of Capital floating support; resettlement work; support needs; Youth Link, London: Capital Housing Project. young people

Fitzpatrick, S. (2000, forthcoming) Young homeless benefits; causes; employment; family relationships; people, Basingstoke: Macmillan. floating support; hidden homelessness; overview; transitional accommodation; unemployment; young people

Matthews, B. (1994) Floating support information floating support; resource material; responses pack, London: SITRA.

*Morris, J. (1995) Housing and floating support, floating support; funding mechanisms; support York: Joseph Rowntree Foundation. needs

62 Responses to homelessness

Outreach work

*Craig, T., Bayliss, E., Klein, O., Manning, P. and HMII; mental health; multi-agency working; Reader, L. (1995) The Homeless Mentally Ill outreach work Initiative: An evaluation of four clinical teams, London: Department of Health.

*CRASH (1999) Survey of users of winter shelters benefits; emergency shelters; extent of provided in London, Brighton, Bristol and homelessness; health; outreach work; rough Cambridge: December 1998–March 1999. sleepers; RSI; statistics; support needs; support London: CRASH. services

Housing Services Agency (1997) The outreach extent of homelessness; outreach work; rough directory annual statistics 1996-97, London: sleepers; statistics Housing Services Agency and Homeless Network.

*Randall, G. and Brown, S. (1995) Outreach and outreach work; resettlement work; rough sleepers; resettlement work with people sleeping rough, RSI London: Department of the Environment.

Private sector access schemes

*Randall, G. and Brown S. (1994) Private renting access to housing; money problems; private rent; for single homeless people: An evaluation of a rent deposits; renting; rough sleepers pilot Rent Deposit Fund, London: HMSO.

Rugg, J. (1996) Opening doors: Helping people on access to housing; private renting; support low incomes secure private rented services; responses accommodation, York: Centre for Housing Policy, University of York

Rugg, J. (1997) ‘Opening doors in the private access to housing; private renting; support rented sector: developments in assistance with services; responses access’, in R. Burrows, N. Pleace and D. Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

Prevention

63 A bibliography of single homelessness research

*Evans, A. (1996) ‘We don’t choose to be homeless’: asylum seekers; benefits; care leavers; causes; Report of the National Enquiry into Preventing Children Acts; definitions; ethnic minorities; extent Youth Homelessness, London: CHAR. of homelessness; family relationships; gay and lesbian issues; health; homelessness law; housing needs; housing problems; housing stock; law/legal issues; multi-agency; overview; prevention; responses; statistics; strategic working; support needs; women; young people

Harvey, B. (1999) ‘Models of resettlement for the international comparison; resettlement work homeless in the European Union’, in P. Kennett and A. Marsh (eds) Homelessness: Exploring the new terrain, Bristol: The Policy Press.

Jenn, M. and Bauman, G. (1996) Homelessness: campaigning; overview; prevention; resettlement What can I do?, London: BIA Quaker Social work; resource book – action pack; rough Action. sleepers; support needs; support services; voluntary agencies

Lindblom, E.N. (1991) ‘Towards a comprehensive international material; prevention homelessness-prevention strategy’, Housing Policy Debate, vol 2, no 3, pp 957-1025.

*Moroney, L. (1992) Homelessness: A good practice good practice guide; homelessness law; guide, London: Shelter. intentionality; law/legal issues; local authorities; local connection; prevention; priority need; temporary accommodation

*Morrish, P. (1996) Preventing homelessness: alcohol; experiences; health; prevention; support Supporting tenants with alcohol problems, needs; support services London: Shelter.

64 Responses to homelessness

*Randall, G. and Brown, S. (1999) Prevention is causes; ex-services; family relationships; mental better than cure, London: Crisis. health; multi-agency working; prevention; resettlement work; risk factors; rough sleepers; young people

*Shinn, M. and Baumohl, J. (1999) ‘Rethinking the international material; intervention; prevention; prevention of homelessness’, in L.B. Fosburg project evaluation and D.L. Dennis (eds) Practical lessons: The 1998 National Symposium on Homelessness Research, Washington, DC: US Department of Housing and Urban Development and US Department of Health and Human Services.

*van der Ploeg, J. and Scholte, E. (1997) Homeless alcohol; drugs; family relationships; mental health; youth, London: Sage Publications. prevention; support services; young people

Resettlement work

*Bevan, P.F. (1998) The resettlement handbook, alcohol; drugs; good practice guide; hostels; London: National Homeless Alliance. mental health; project evaluation; resettlement work; resource material; support needs; support services

*Crane, M. (1999) Understanding older homeless family relationships; mental health; older people; people: Their circumstances, problems and support needs; theory needs, Buckingham: Open University Press.

65 A bibliography of single homelessness research

*Emmaus UK (1998) Off the streets and off benefit – benefits; causes; resettlement work; rough New beginnings for homeless people, sleepers; self-help schemes Cambridge: Emmaus UK.

*Macdonald, D. and Jackson, A. (1998) Skills for life: employment; good practice guide; resettlement A good practice guide to training homeless work; voluntary agencies people for resettlement and employment, London: Crisis.

McIvor, G. and Taylor, M. (1995) Supported ex-prisoners; resettlement work accommodation for ex-offenders: Identifying effective practice, Stirling: Department of Applied Social Science, University of Stirling.

Pleace, N. (1997) ‘Rehousing single homeless resettlement work people’, in R. Burrows, N. Pleace and D. Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy London and New York, NY: Routledge.

*Randall, G. and Brown, S. (1994) The move in experiences; furniture; good practice; housing experience: Research into good practice in needs; resettlement work; support needs; support resettlement of homeless people, London: Crisis. services

*Randall, G. and Brown, S. (1995) Outreach and outreach work; resettlement work; rough sleepers resettlement work with people sleeping rough, London: Department of the Environment.

Schofield, P. (1999) Resettlement works, London: alcohol; drugs; mental health; resettlement work; National Homeless Alliance. rough sleepers; RSI; social exclusion; support needs; training

66 Responses to homelessness

SHiL (1995) Building on initiatives: Move-on HMII; mental health; move on accommodation; housing for the Rough Sleepers and Homeless resettlement work; rough sleepers; RSI Mentally Ill Initiatives, London: SHiL.

SHiL (1995) Time to move on: A review of policies responses; support services; voluntary agencies and provision for single homeless people in London, London: SHiL.

*The Big Issue in the North Trust (1999) What resettlement work; tenancy breakdown; The Big makes a sustainable tenancy?, Manchester: Issue The Big Issue in the North Trust.

Vincent, J., Deacon, A. and Walker, R. (1993) experiences; resettlement work Security, variety and glorious uncertainty: The experiences of ex-Alvaston resettlement unit residents, Loughborough: Centre for Research in Social Policy, University of Loughborough.

*Vincent, J., Deacon, A. and Walker, R. (1995) direct access accommodation; hostels; men; Homeless single men: Roads to resettlement?, resettlement work; temporary accommodation Aldershot: Avebury.

Rough Sleepers Initiative (RSI)

Carter, M. (1995) Extending the Rough Sleepers rough sleepers; RSI Initiative: Will the London model work?, London: National Homeless Alliance and Crisis.

Department of the Environment (1996) Rough rough sleepers; RSI Sleepers Initiative – The next challenge, London: HMSO.

*Department of the Environment, Transport and the access to healthcare; benefits; business Regions (1999) Annual Report on Rough involvement; care leavers; employment; ex- Sleepers, London: DETR. prisoners; ex-services; overview; prevention; project evaluation; rough sleepers; RSI; social exclusion; strategic working; support services; training; young people

Foster, S. (1990) No new homes: The government’s HMII; responses; RSI homelessness initiatives, London: Shelter.

67 A bibliography of single homelessness research

*Randall, G. (1998) Rough sleeping: A review of the international comparison; overview; predictors; research, London: DETR. responses; rough sleepers; RSI

*Randall, G. and Brown, S. (1993) The Rough rough sleepers; RSI Sleepers Initiative: An evaluation, London: HMSO.

*Randall, G. and Brown, S. (1995) Outreach and outreach work; resettlement work; rough sleepers; resettlement work with people sleeping rough, RSI London: Department of the Environment.

Schofield, P. (1999) Resettlement works, London: alcohol; drugs; mental health; resettlement work; National Homeless Alliance. rough sleepers; RSI; social exclusion; support needs; training

SHiL (1995) Building on initiatives: Move-on HMII; mental health; move on accommodation; housing for the Rough Sleepers and Homeless rough sleepers; RSI Mentally Ill Initiatives, London: SHiL.

*Yanetta, A., Third, H. and Anderson, I. (1999) rough sleepers; RSI National evaluation of the Rough Sleepers Initiative in Scotland, Edinburgh: The Scottish Executive.

Homeless Mentally Ill Initiative (HMII)

*Craig, T., Bayliss, E., Klein, O., Manning, P. and HMII; mental health Reader, L. (1995) The Homeless Mentally Ill Initiative: An evaluation of four clinical teams, London: Department of Health.

Foster, S. (1990) No new homes: The government’s HMII; responses; RSI homelessness initiatives, London: Shelter.

SHiL (1995) Building on initiatives: Move-on HMII; mental health; move on accommodation; housing for the Rough Sleepers and Homeless rough sleepers; RSI Mentally Ill Initiatives, London: SHiL.

68 Responses to homelessness

Local authorities

Anderson, I. and Morgan, J. (1997) Social housing housing needs; local authorities; social housing for single people? A study of local policy and practice, Stirling: Housing Policy and Practice Unit, University of Stirling.

Butler, K., Carlisle, B. and Lloyd, R. (1994) local authorities Homelessness in the 1990s: Local authority practice, London: Shelter.

*Egan, K. (1994) Monitoring of Irish applicants for ethnic minorities; local authorities housing: A survey of London boroughs, London: Cara Irish Housing Association.

Caskie, K. (1990) Some chance: Local authorities local authorities; young people responses to homelessness and housing need among young people, Edinburgh: Shelter (Scotland).

*Caskie, K. (1993) Some change – some chance!: homelessness law; housing needs; local Scottish local authorities response to authorities; support needs; support services; young homelessness and housing need among young people people: how this has chanced since 1990, Edinburgh: Shelter (Scotland).

Cowan, D. (1997) Homelessness: The (in-) children; community care; ethnicity; law/legal appropriate applicant, Dartmouth: Ashgate. issues; local authorities; women

*Smith, P. (1995) Single homelessness and the good practice; good practice guide; local London boroughs: A good practice guide to authorities policies and initiatives developed by local authorities in the capital, London: SHiL.

*Thornton, R. (1990) The new homeless: The crisis of local authorities; young people youth homelessness and the response of local housing authorities, London: SHAC.

Tomlinson, K. (1998) Street homelessness outside local authorities; responses; rough sleepers London: English local authority responses, London: Crisis and Shelter.

69 A bibliography of single homelessness research

Business involvement

*Bain & Co (1998) Executive forum on homelessness: business involvement; campaigning; funding Research findings, London: Bain & Co. mechanisms; voluntary agencies

CRASH (1998) Survey of users of winter shelters business involvement; emergency shelters; extent provided in London, Brighton, Bristol and of homelessness Cambridge: December 1997–March 1998, London: CRASH.

*Foyer Federation (1998) Foyers and businesses business involvement; employment; foyers; multi- working together, London: Shelter. agency working; training; young people

*Metcalf, H. and Christie, I. (1993) Employment benefits; business involvement; employment; initiatives for homeless people, London: support services; training Employment Department.

Strategic/Multi-agency working

Department of the Environment (1997) Housing community care; housing needs; strategic working and community care: Establishing a strategic framework, London: Department of the Environment.

Foster, S. (1990) No new homes: The government’s HMII; responses; RSI homelessness initiatives, London: Shelter.

Lane, D. (1998) Keeping the focus on youth rural homelessness; strategic working; young homelessness: A progress report and future people strategy, Leamington Spa: Centrepoint Warwickshire.

*McCluskey, J. (1997) Where there’s a will: A guide local authorities; multi-agency working; strategic to developing single homelessness strategies, working London: CHAR.

Oldman, C. (1997) ‘Working together to help multi-agency working; support services homeless people: an examination of inter- agency themes’, in R. Burrows, N. Pleace and D. Quilgars (eds) Homelessness and social policy, London and New York, NY: Routledge.

70 Responses to homelessness

*Pannell, J. and Parry, S. (1999) ‘Implementing multi-agency working; strategic working; support “joined-up thinking”: multiagency services for needs; support services single homeless people in Bristol’, in P. Kennett and A. Marsh (eds) Homelessness: Exploring the new terrain, Bristol: The Policy Press.

Rugg, J. (1999) Making connections: Tackling youth multi-agency working; strategic working; young homelessness through multi-agency strategies, people London: Shelter.

Vincent, J., Trinder, P. and Unell, I. (1994) Single extent of homelessness; housing needs; strategic homelessness – Towards a strategy for working Nottingham, Nottingham: Nottingham Hostels Liaison Group.

Resource material/ Good practice guides

Centrepoint (1997) A foot in the door, London: direct access accommodation; good practice guide Centrepoint.

CHAR (1993) Homing in on health: Resource pack health; healthcare; resource material on health and homelessness, London: CHAR.

CHAR (1994) Single homelessness: A short guide to research methods; resource material local research, London: CHAR.

Foyer Federation (1993) Good practice handbook foyers; good practice; good practice guide; young for foyers, London: Foyer Federation. people

*Gordon, A. (1997) Pay-day or may-day: A guide to day centres; funding mechanism day centres funding in England and Wales, London: National Homeless Alliance.

Jenn, M. and Bauman, G. (1996) Homelessness: campaigning; overview; prevention; resettlement What can I do?, London: BIA Quaker Social work; resource book– action pack; rough sleepers; Action. support needs; support services; voluntary agencies

71 A bibliography of single homelessness research

*Leigh, C. (1993) Right to care: Good practice in community care; good practice; good practice community care planning for single homeless guide; responses people, London: CHAR.

Leigh, C. (1995) Community care, housing and community care; resource material homelessness: A quick reference guide, London: CHAR.

MacDermott, T. and Swallow, J. (1998) One person’s housing needs; law/legal issues; resource material; ceiling is another person’s floor: A teacher’s young people guide to housing, homelessness and young people, London: Shelter.

*Macdonald, D. and Jackson, A. (1998) Skills for life: good practice guide; voluntary agencies A good practice guide to training homeless people for resettlement and employment, London: Crisis.

McRobbie, D. (1993) Learning to respond, London: resource material; sexual abuse; women National Homeless Alliance.

Matthews, B. (1994) Floating support information floating support; resource material; responses pack, London: SITRA.

Moroney, L. and Harris, K. (1997) Relationship family relationships; housing needs; housing breakdown and housing: A practical guide, rights; law/legal issues; resource material London: Shelter.

*Munn, D. (1996) Leaving institutions: Project pack, care leavers; resource material; young people Edinburgh: SCSH.

National Homeless Alliance (1997) Keeping it safe: day centres; good practice guide; resource material Safety in ‘open door’ day centres – a guide, London: National Homeless Alliance.

National Homeless Alliance (1999) Better by design: day centres; good practice guide; resource material A practical guide to day centre design, London: National Homeless Alliance.

72 Responses to homelessness

*Smith, P. (1995) Single homelessness and the good practice; good practice guide; local London boroughs: A good practice guide to authorities; statutory initiatives policies and initiatives developed by local authorities in the capital, London: SHiL

*Yanetta, A. and Third, H. (1999) Homelessness in advice services; family relationships; good practice; Scotland: A good practice note, Edinburgh: good practice guide; housing aid; law/legal issues; Chartered Institute of Housing. local authorities; multi-agency working; overview; owner-occupiers; prevention; private renting; social work services

73 7 Research methods

Research methods Keywords

Blackman, S. (ed) (1998) Youth homelessness and benefits; ethnic minorities; extent of homelessness; social exclusion, Special edition of Youth and gender; hidden homelessness; research methods; Policy, vol 59, pp 1-111. rural homelessness; social exclusion; theory; young people

CHAR (1994) Single homelessness: A short guide to research methods; resource material local research, London: CHAR.

CHAR (1993) The numbers game: Lessons from extent of homelessness; rough sleepers Birmingham – the failure of the 1991 Census to measure numbers of people sleeping rough, London: CHAR.

Cohen, E.H., Mowbray, C.T., Bybee, D., Yeich, S., international material; research methods Ribisl, K. and Freddolino, P.P. (1993) ‘Tracking and follow-up methods for research on homelessness’, Evaluation Review, vol 17, no 3, pp 331-53.

*Connelly, J. and Crown, J. (1994) Homelessness access to housing; alcohol; Bed & Breakfast; and ill health, London: Royal College of causes; community care definitions; direct access Physicians in London. accommodation; drugs; employment; health; healthcare; HIV/Aids; housing needs; law/legal issues; mental health; priority need; research methods; rough sleepers; social work services

Faugier, J. and Sargeant, M. (1997) ‘Sampling hard research methods to reach populations’, Journal of Advanced Nursing, vol 26, pp 79-797.

74 Research methods

Fisher, N., Turner, S.W., Pugh, R. and Taylor, C. extent of homelessness; mental health; research (1994) ‘Estimating numbers of homeless methods people and homeless mentally ill people in North East Westminster by using capture- recapture analysis’, British Medical Journal, no 308, pp 816-19.

Shaw, I., Bloor, M., Cormack, R. and Williamson, H. research methods; rough sleepers (1996) ‘Estimating the prevalence of hard-to- reach populations: the illustration of mark- recapture methods in the study of homelessness’, Social Policy and Administration, vol 30, no 1, pp 69-85.

75 8 Selected international literature

International comparison Keywords

*Avramov, D. (1995) Homelessness in the European access to housing; characteristics of homeless Union: Social and legal context of housing people; housing problems; international exclusion in the 1990s: Fourth Research Report comparison; law/legal issues; poverty; social of the European Observatory of Homelessness, exclusion Brussels: FEANTSA.

*Avramov, D. (1996) The invisible hand of the causes; extent of homelessness; good practice; housing market: A study of the effects of international comparison; international material; changes in the housing market on overview homelessness in European Union: Fifth Report of the European Observatory of Homelessness, Brussels: FEANTSA.

*Avramov, D. (ed) (1997) Youth homelessness in the causes; extent of homelessness; good practice; European Union, Brussels: FEANTSA. international comparison; international material; overview; young people

Daly, G.P. (1998) Homeless: policies, strategies and experiences; international comparison; responses lives on the streets, London: Routledge.

Daly, M. (1992) European homelessness – The rising international comparison tide: the First Report of the European Observatory on Homelessness, Brussels: FEANTSA.

Daly, M. (1993) Abandoned: Profile of Europe’s characteristics of homeless people; international homeless people: the Second Report of the comparison European Observatory on Homelessness, Brussels: FEANTSA.

76 Selected international literature

Daly, M. (1994) The right to a home, the right to a housing rights; international comparison future: Third Report of the European Observatory on Homelessness, Brussels: FEANTSA.

Drake, N. (1994) People in Europe and their rights, benefits; housing rights; international comparison; Brussels: FEANTSA. law/legal issues

*Edgar, B., Doherty, J. and Mina-Coull, A. (1999) good practice; international comparison; overview; Services for homeless people: Innovation and resettlement; social exclusion; social inclusion change in the European Union, Bristol: The Policy Press.

*Fitzpatrick, S. (1998) ‘Homelessness in the causes; characteristics of homeless people; European Union’, in M. Kleinman, W. definitions; extent of homelessness; housing rights; Matznetter and M. Stephens (eds) European international comparison; law/legal issues integration and housing policy, London: Routledge.

*Harvey, B. (1999) ‘The problem of homelessness: international comparison a European perspective’, in S. Hutson and D. Clapham (eds) Homelessness: Public policies and private troubles, London and New York, NY: Cassell.

*Munn, D. (1996) Out of the ordinary: Examining international comparison; supported models of supported accommodation for accommodation; young people homeless people, Edinburgh: SCSH.

Passaro, J. (1996) The unequal homeless: Men on ethnicity; family relationships; gender; the street, women in their place, New York, international comparison; men; women NY: Routledge.

77 A bibliography of single homelessness research

*Randall, G. (1998) Rough sleeping: A review of the international comparison; overview; predictors; research, London: DETR. responses; rough sleepers; RSI

Scottish Council for Single Homeless (1996) international comparison European Observatory on Homelessness: UK National Report 1996, Brussels: FEANTSA.

International material

Cohen, E.H., Mowbray, C.T., Bybee, D., Yeich, S., research methods Ribisl, K. and Freddolino, P.P. (1993) ‘Tracking and follow-up methods for research on homelessness’, Evaluation Review, vol 17, no 3, pp 331-53.

*Forst, M.L. (1994) ‘A substance abuse profile of drugs; health; international material; young people delinquent and homeless youth’, Journal of Drug Education, vol 24, no 3, pp 79-89.

*Glasser, N. (1999) ‘Giving voice to homeless good practice; international material; literature people in policy, practice and research’, in review; user participation L.B. Fosburg and D.L. Dennis (eds) Practical lessons: The 1998 National Symposium on Homelessness Research, Washington, DC: US Department of Housing and Urban Development and US Department of Health and Human Services.

Johnson, T.P., Freeks, S.A., Parsons, J.A. and drugs; health; internal material Vangeest, J.B. (1997) ‘Substance abuse and homelessness: social selection or social adaptation’, Addiction, vol 92, no 4, pp 437- 45.

Lindblom, E.N. (1991) ‘Towards a comprehensive international material; prevention homelessness-prevention strategy’, Housing Policy Debate, vol 2, no 3, pp 957-1025.

Passaro, J. (1996) The unequal homeless: Men on ethnicity; family relationships; gender; the street, women in their place, New York, international material; women NY: Routledge.

78 Selected international literature

*Rog, D.J. and Holupka, C.S. (1999) ‘Reconnecting resettlement work; social exclusion; social homeless individuals and families to the inclusion; family relationships; employment; social community’, in L.B. Fosburg and D.L. Dennis isolation; international material (eds) Practical lessons: The 1998 National Symposium on Homelessness Research, Washington, DC: US Department of Housing and Urban Development and US Department of Health and Human Services.

79 Appendix: Organisations to contact

Centrepoint Homeless Network Bewlay House Alliance House 2 Swallow Place 12 Caxton Street London London W1R 7AA SW1H OQS Tel 020 7544 5000 Tel 020 7700 2404 Fax 020 7544 5001 Fax 020 7976 7248

CRASH JRF 10 Barley Mow Passage The Homestead London 40 Water End W4 4PH York YO3 6LP Tel 020 8742 0717 Fax 020 8747 3154 Tel 01904 629241 Fax 01904 620072 Crisis Challenger House National Homeless Alliance 42 Adler Street 5-15 Cromer Street London London E1 1EE WC1H 8LS Tel 020 7377 0489 Tel 020 7713 2840 Fax 020 7247 1525 Fax 020 7713 2848

DETR Scottish Executive Eland House Central Research Unit Bressenden Place Victoria Quay London Edinburgh SW1E 5DU EH6 6QQ Tel 020 7890 3000 Tel 0131 244 7565 Fax 0131 244 7573

80 Appendix: Organisations to contact

Scottish Homes The Foyer Federation Thistle House Humatt House 91 Haymarket Terrace 146-148 Clerkenwell Road Edinburgh London EH12 5HE EC1R 5DP Tel 0131 313 0044 Tel 020 7833 8616 Fax 0131 313 2680 Fax 020 7833 8717

SCSH Welsh Office Wellgate House Cathays Park 200 Cowgate Cardiff Edinburgh CF1 2DB EH1 1NQ Tel 029 2082 5111 Tel 0131 226 4382 Fax 0131 225 4382

Shelter 88 Old Street London EC1V 9HU Tel 020 7505 2000 Fax 020 7500 2169

Shelter Cymru 25 Walter Road Swansea West Glamorgan SA1 5NN Tel 01792 469 400 Fax 01792 460 050

Shelter Scotland Scotiabank House 6 South Charlotte Street Edinburgh EH2 4AW Tel 0131 473 7170 Fax 0131 473 7199

Tai Cymru 15 Watling Street Llanawst Gwynedd LL26 OLS Tel 01492 641 797