NSWINJURY INJURY RISK RISK MANAGEMENT MANAGEMENT RESEARCHRESEARCH CENTRE CENTRE IRMRC 2005 REPORT ANNUAL

Contents DIRECTOR'S FOREWORD 1

BACKGROUND 3

IRMRC ORGANISATIONAL CHART 4

IRMRC STAFF 5

BUILDING CAPACITY IN RESEARCH 6

IRMRC MANAGEMENT COMMITTEES 8

BOARD OF MANAGEMENT 8

QUARTERLY REVIEW COMMITTEE 8

RESEARCH ADVISORY COMMITTEE 9

DATA LINKAGE PROJECT ADVISORY COMMITTEE 9

CENTRE ACTIVITIES 10

DATA SYSTEMS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS 10

EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INJURY SURVEILLANCE 12

ROAD SAFETY 15

SPORTS AND RECREATIONAL INJURY 22

WORK-RELATED INJURY 29

TRAINING AND CAPACITY BUILDING 33

TEACHING AND SEMINAR 34

TRANSLATING RESEARCH INTO POLICY AND PRACTICE 35

Government and Policy Forums Attended 35

Invited Presentation at Policy Forums 35

Staff Membership of Committees, Panels and Working Parties 36

Letters/Editorials/Other Articles 37

LIST OF MAJOR COLLABORATORS 38

VISITORS TO THE CENTRES 39

PUBLICATIONS 40

PEER-REVIEW JOURNAL PAPERS 40

RESEARCH REPORTS 40

CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS 41

PRESENTATIONS 42

CONFERENCES 42

OTHER PRESENTATIONS 44

LECTURES 44

Advancing risk management through the conduct of high quality of research capacity Advancing risk management through the conduct of high quality research AWARDS 45

ISSN 0-9580633-5-4

Published by: NSW INJURY RISK MANAGEMENT RESEARCH CENTRE

and the translation of research into policy and practice. and the translation of research UNSW, SYDNEY NSW 2052, AUSTRALIA Telephone: +61 (2) 9385 4207 Facsimile: +61 (2) 9385 6040 http://www.irmrc.unsw.edu.au

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Director’s Foreword the NSW Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention Symposium held at the NSW Parliament House in November. Led by the IRMRC, this symposium culminated in a consensus resolution that "Trauma is the most significant health issue affecting the life expectancy, physical wellbeing and quality of life of all children/adolescents. Our It is becoming increasingly apparent that children/adolescents have a fundamental right conducting high quality research, alone, is not not be exposed to risks that could kill or sufficient to ensure large scale injury seriously maim them. Furthermore, all prevention gains. Whilst leading-edge Australians have a duty of care to protect our research, such as that conducted by the NSW children from fatal harm, irrespective of its Injury Risk Management Research Centre in intent. It's about time the Government spared 2005, is critical to inform prevention efforts, it no expense to prevent trauma as a matter of is also necessary that such research is actively priority." translated into safety policy and Partnerships with other agencies are also implementation efforts by practitioners. important for injury prevention research In 2005, the IRMRC maintained its major translation. The Centre was pleased to sign a efforts in data mining and injury surveillance joint Memorandum of Understanding with of the State's injury data sources. Through its Youthsafe, an advocacy and injury prevention strong relationships with its funding partners, body focussing on adolescent and youth it is uniquely placed to provide an evidence injury, to ensure that our two groups would provision service to the NSW government and work closely together. As with any research the broader injury prevention community. We endeavour, our partnerships with research have largely focussed on two major areas of collaborators from both within the University concern - understanding road crashes better of New South Wales and other universities, and also identifying factors associated with has also ensured high quality research outputs falls in older people. We have developed in 2005. data linkage approaches that now mean that We have invested significant amounts of our NSW has a valuable source of linked police time and effort in disseminating the results of crash records and hospitalisations for road our research throughout the year. A large crashes that occur throughout the State. We number of IRMRC staff were keynote or have also developed key indicators against invited speakers at international scientific which the NSW Falls Policy can be evaluated. meetings such as the First World Congress on A further example is our work on the cost of Sports Injury Prevention (in Oslo, Norway), work related injuries and illness for the NSW the Transportation Research Board (in WorkCover Authority. Washington, USA), the International The Centre's data informing activities, such as Conference on Fatigue Management in these, directly feed into policy development Transportation Operations (in Seattle, USA), a processes because they are critical as the basis meeting of noise experts in Utrecht of informed policy decision making. The (Netherlands) and the 6th Annual meeting of Centre's relationship with government the Japanese Society for Clinical Pathways agencies is a two way process and we have (Nigata, Japan). We have found that giving also engaged the relevant bodies in our work presentations is a powerful means of by including them in our project advisory promoting our research and its real-world committees, alongside other stakeholders and implications and an increasing number of our research experts. staff have presented in a range of forums Other research conducted by the Centre staff during 2005. has been aimed at understanding determinants The IRMRC is moving its research activities, of safety or, in some cases, risk taking and dissemination of findings, towards more behaviours. Most notable have been our of an outcome focus. Our research studies into fatigue issues in the trucking publication approach, participation and industry, young driver attitudes and presentation in appropriate forums, behaviours, risk factors for injury in cricketers partnerships with government agencies and fast bowlers and safety performance measures other key injury groups, and mentoring and in the mining industry. This knowledge is training of young researchers will ensure that necessary to inform the development of our research continues to have maximal effective implementation strategies for safety. impact and injury prevention benefit for all in A major initiative in 2005, was the bringing years to come. together of researchers and policy makers to contribute to futures planning for injury

prevention, as part of a larger planning DIRECTOR: Professor Caroline Finch process undertaken by NSW Health. The IRMRC hosted a discussion forum at the University of New South Wales and

‘It is becoming increasingly apparent that conducting high quality research, alone, is not ‘It is becoming increasingly apparent that conducting high quality research, subsequently wrote a background paper for inclusion in the NSW Health Futures Planning Documentation. Our policy-informing efforts extended even further to an IRMRC submission to the Productivity Commission's forum on the Review of the Australian Consumer Product

sufficient to ensure large scale injury prevention gains...it is also necessary that such research is actively scale injury prevention gains...it is also necessary that such research sufficient to ensure large translated into safety policy and implementation efforts by practitioners.” Safety System and two invited presentations at 01 IRMRCANNUAL Report 2005

CAPACITY OF THE CENTRE In 2005, there were three senior researchers at the Centre, six other full time research staff and six part-time researchers, fifteen postgraduate research scholars and approximately ten casual research assistants. NHMRC Research Fellowships were held by all senior researchers and two of the other research staff. In addition, the IRMRC also hosted placements for biostatistical trainees and public health officers from NSW Health. There were three full time equivalent administrative staff. A Research Manager was appointed in 2005 to provide policy and planning support to the Director as well as to streamline administrative process and implement a comprehensive project management approach to support the research effort.

02 Background OBJECTIVES AND MISSION OF THE CENTRE

The Centre's mission is to contribute to a "whole of government" approach to examining injury risk in the community and to provide research services to the core funding and other agencies concerned with injury risk management. The Centre's core The New South Wales (NSW) Injury Risk research project reflect the focus of the core Management Research Centre (IRMRC, The funding agencies, NSW Health, MAA and Centre) is an independent research centre of RTA, whilst broader research program the University of New South Wales (UNSW) supplements these areas. and has strong collaborative and administrative links with the Faculties of The IRMRC plays a leading role in research Science, Medicine and Engineering. It was on injury risk, prevention and intervention established in 1999/2000 in a partnership through the: between UNSW, NSW Health, the Motor > Provision of innovative research leadership Accidents Authority (MAA) and the Roads > Building of risk management research and Traffic Authority (RTA). capacity and the mentoring of early career researchers and other trainees The IRMRC receives core funding from NSW > Dissemination of the results of sound Health, MAA and RTA. Other research research in peer reviewed publications as activities are supported by Australian well as other mediums of communication, Research Council (ARC) grants, National ranging from conference presentations and Health and Medical Research Council workshops to editorial pieces for the (NHMRC) grants and other industry sources mainstream media. as identified in the section in the Report > Co-ordination of relevant expertise, entitled 'Centre Activities', beginning on page nationally and internationally, to develop 15. Some staff support is also provided by solutions to injury risk management fellowships and scholarships from the problems identified by the Centre's own NHMRC or UNSW. In 2005, the IRMRC research, its funding partners or other continued to be the lead agency in a external agencies partnership that was awarded a $2.5 million NHMRC Capacity Building Grant for the > Data mining and analysis of the data sets period 2005-2009 held securely at the Centre which include: the Inpatient Statistical Collection of NSW The core funding partners have significant Health, the NSW Traffic Accident Database investments in injury prevention in NSW: System, the MAA Claims Register and > The Injury Prevention and Policy Branch Statistical Database. of NSW Health is responsible for > Translation of research findings into policy developing policy and program initiatives and practice though involvement in policy which reduce the burden of death and forums and working parties, as well as the serious injury in NSW. communication of this activity through > The MAA is a statutory corporation that various media. regulates the NSW Motor Accidents > Nurturing and development of partnerships Scheme, the Compulsory Third Party with government agencies and other personal injury scheme for motor vehicles stakeholders. registered in New South Wales. > The RTA is the NSW State Government agency responsible for providing road planning, construction and maintenance solutions for the NSW community, with an emphasis on meeting, community, environmental, regulatory and economic needs and in so doing, for improving road “In 2005, the IRMRC continued to be lead agency in a partnership that was awarded safety through better road user behaviour, vehicles and roads to save lives and reduce injuries.

$2.5 million NHMRC Capacity Building Grant for the period 2005-2009” 03 IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005 IRMRC Organisational Chart

04 IRMRC Staff Director and NHMRC Principal Research RESEARCH ASSISTANTS/OFFICERS Fellow Rebecca Dennis - B HlthSci (Hons) Prof Caroline Finch - PhD, MSc, BSc (Hons) Wei Du - MBBS, MSc & Tech, MPH Deputy Director and NHMRC Senior Ralston Fernandes - BSc (Hons) Research Fellow Maria Romiti - BSpSc Associate Prof Ann Williamson - PhD, BSc Marcia Schmertmann - MPH, BSc (Hons) Naomi Dunn - BSc (Hons) Research Manager and Research Officer Rebecca Mitchell - BA (Psych), MA (Psych), Mary Potter Forbes - MCom, BHA, RN MOHS

NHMRC RESEARCH FELLOWS PUBLIC HEALTH OFFICERS NHMRC Capacity Building Grant Research Dr Andrew Marich - MBBS, BSc (Hons) Fellow Melissa Irwin - MPH, B.App.Sc Dr Julie Hatfield - PhD, BA (Hons) (Physiotherapy) Dr Shauna Sherker - PhD, MSc, BSc (Jan- Aug) BIOSTATISTICAL TRAINEE NHMRC Public Health (Australia) Sanja Lujic - MStat, BSc (Hons) Fellowship Dr Robin Turner - PhD, BSc (Hons) Dr Shauna Sherker - PhD, MSc, BSc (Aug 2005 onwards) CASUAL RESEARCH ASSISTANTS RESEARCH FELLOWS Timothy Chamberlain Marcus Haines Dr Andrew Hayen - PhD, MBiostat, BA Linda Hayes (Hons) Eugene Queh Annaliese Dowling - MSc(Hons), BSc(Hons) Danny Redrup Dr Susanne Murphy - PhD, BSc (Hons) Irina Roman Dr Elizabeth Roediger - PhD, BSc (Hons) Daniel Scherly Patrick Shun ADJUNCT SENIOR RESEARCH FELLOW Justin Shute Dr John Orchard - FASCP, FACSM, FASMF, Alex Whiteside PhD, MD, MBBS, BA Adam Zinman

VISITING RESEARCH FELLOW ADMINISTRATIVE STAFF Helen Moore - Grad Dip App Epi, MPH, BSc Administration and Finance Manager - Gina (Hons) Lam - MBA, BA (Hons) Executive Assistant to the Director - Henny SENIOR RESEARCH OFFICERS Oentojo - MBA, B.Bus Administrative Officer - Patricia Villaroel - Soufiane Boufous - MPH (Hons), BH (Hons) B.Music, TAFE Music Cert II Rena Friswell - BA (Hons) Finance Officer - Teresa Wong - B.Acc

Photo: IRMRC staff in 2005 Back Row: Wei Du, Soufiane Boufous, Andrew Hayen, Henny Oentojo, Julie Hatfield, Susanne Du, Soufiane Boufous, Photo: IRMRC staff in 2005 Back Row: Wei Mary Ann Williamson, Maria Romiti, Rena Friswell, Caroline Finch. Front Row: Chamberlain, Robyn Turner, Tim Murphy, PotterForbes, Naomi Dunn, Rebecca Mitchell, Melissa Irwin, Patricia Villaroel. 05 IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005

IRMRC is committed to furthering capacity in injury risk management research. To this end, we supervised and mentored 15 postgraduate research students in 2005. All UNSW-based IRMRC students are formally enrolled in other UNSW schools for administrative purposes

PhD STUDENTS

Troy Baker Rena Friswell Degree enrolled: PhD Degree enrolled: PhD School of enrolment: School of Psychology School of enrolment: School of Public Main supervisor: A/Prof Ann Williamson Health and Community Medicine Project/thesis title: Error in skilled Main supervisor: A/Prof Ann Williamson behaviour Co-supervisor: A/Prof Deborah Black (School of Public Health and Community Medicine, UNSW) Project/thesis title: Driver Fatigue

Lara Harvey Soufiane Boufous Degree enrolled: PhD Degree enrolled: PhD Building capacity in Research School of enrolment: School of Public School of enrolment: School of Public Health and Community Medicine Health and Community Medicine Main supervisor: Prof Caroline Finch Main supervisor: Prof Caroline Finch Co-supervisor: Dr Shauna Sherker Co-supervisor: A/Prof Stephen Lord (Prince Project/Thesis title: The epidemiology and of Wales Medical Research Institute) prevention of burns and scalds in NSW Project/thesis title: Reporting injury on older people: Epidemiological profile and knowledge gains from data linkage

Rebecca Dennis Rebecca Mitchell Degree enrolled: PhD Degree enrolled: PhD School of enrolment: School of Public School of enrolment: School of Safety Health and Community Medicine Science Main supervisor: Prof Caroline Finch Main supervisor: Prof Caroline Finch Co-supervisor: Dr Andrew Hayen, Prof Rod Co-supervisors: Dr Andrew McIntosh McClure (Griffith University), Dr Tim (School of Safety Science, UNSW), Prof Driscoll (University of Sydney) Bruce Elliott (UWA) Project/Thesis title: Injury surveillance in Project/thesis title: Risk factors for NSW: systematic review and future repetitive microtrauma injury to adolescent opportunities and adult cricket fast bowlers

Basema Saddik Wei Du Degree enrolled: PhD School of enrolment: School of Public Degree enrolled: PhD Health and Community Medicine School of enrolment: School of Public Main supervisor: A/Prof Ann Williamson Health and Community Medicine Co-supervisor: A/Prof Deborah Black Main supervisor: Prof Caroline Finch (School of Public Health and Community Co-supervisor: Dr Julie Hatfield Medicine, UNSW) Project/Thesis title: Population based Project/Thesis title: Assessing neurotoxicity evaluation of the role of child restraints in in working children in Lebanon preventing child road trauma

Marcia Schmertmann Ralston Fernandes Degree enrolled: PhD School of enrolment: School of Public Degree enrolled: PhD Health and Community Medicine School of enrolment: School of Psychology Main supervisor: A/Prof Ann Williamson Main supervisor: Dr Julie Hatfield Co-supervisor: A/Prof Deborah Black Co-supervisor: Dr Soames Job (RTA) (School of Public Health and Community Project/thesis title: Risk taking attitudes of Medicine, UNSW) young NSW drivers Project/thesis title: Predictive value of identified environmental, socio- 06 demographic and behavioural factors for unintentional poisonings in young children but are supervised or co-supervised by full-time academics of the IRMRC. In 2005, IRMRC Building capacity in Research students were enrolled in the UNSW Faculties of Science and Medicine.

MASTERS STUDENTS - RESEARCH STUDENTS

Maria Romiti Louise Shaw Degree enrolled: Master of Safety Science Degree enrolled: Masters of Public Health (Research) School of enrolment: School of Public School of enrolment: School of Safety Health and Community Medicine Science Main supervisor: Prof Caroline Finch Main supervisor: Prof Caroline Finch Project/Thesis title: Injuries in junior Co-supervisor: Dr Andrew McIntosh cricket (School of Safety Science, UNSW) Project/thesis title: The Junior Australian Football Safety Study (JAFSS)

Kiwami Tori Degree enrolled: Master of Organisational Psychology School of enrolment: School of Psychology Main supervisor: A/Prof Ann Williamson Project/thesis title: Work satisfaction, organisational commitment and psychological contract of temporary employees

MASTER STUDENTS - MINOR RESEARCH PROJECT

John Quinn Degree enrolled: Master of Occupational Health and Safety School of enrolment: School of Safety Science Main supervisor: Prof Caroline Finch Project/thesis title: Hydration status and injuries in Australian football

AUSTRALIAN COLLEGE OF SPORTS PHYSICIANS TRAINEE (RESEARCH PROJECT)

Katherine Rae Degree enrolled: Australian College of Sports Physicians Fellowship Training Main supervisor: Prof Caroline Finch Project/thesis title: Classifying sports medicine diagnoses: A comparison of the International classification of diseases 10- Australian modification (ICD-10AM) and the Orchard sports injury classification system (OSICS-8)

“IRMRC is committed to furthering capacity in injury risk management research. ” “IRMRC is committed to furthering capacity in injury risk management research. 07 IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005 The activities of the IRMRC are guided by three management committees: the Board of Management, the Quarterly Review Committee and the Research Advisory Committee.

BOARD OF MANAGEMENT

The Board of Management oversees the Centre's strategic directions and financial management. During 2005, the Board of Management comprised the following members:

PROFESSOR ELSPETH MCLACHLAN Chair, Pro Vice- Chancellor, Research, UNSW (February and May) MR GRAEME COUCH Chair, Managing Director- Couch & Associates Pty Ltd (August and November) PROFESSOR MIKE ARCHER Dean, Faculty of Science, UNSW MS PAM ALBANY Manager, Injury Prevention and Policy Branch, NSW Health MR DAVID BOWEN General Manager, Motor Accidents Authority PROFESSOR CAROLINE FINCH Director, IRMRC MR CHRIS RISSELL Health Promotion Coordinator, Illawara Area Health (February, May and August) IRMRC Management Committees DR SOAMES JOB General Manager, Road Safety Strategy, Roads and Traffic Authority PROFESSOR BRENDON PARKER Dean, Faculty of Engineering, UNSW Members of the Board of Management PROFESSOR TERENCE CAMPBELL Representative of the From left to right: Prof Brendon Parker (Engineering), Prof Jean Cross (Safety Science), Prof Caroline Finch (IRMRC), Mr Graeme Couch (Chair) and Dean, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW Ms Pam Albany (NSW Health)

QUARTERLY REVIEW COMMITTEE

The Quarterly Review Committee sets policy and guidelines for the management of, and access to, the Centre's data resources. During 2005, the Committee comprised the following members:

DR ANDREW HAYEN, Chair, Biostatistician, IRMRC PROFESSOR CAROLINE FINCH, Director, IRMRC MR KWAME ATSU, Principal Officer, Statistics - Insurance Division, Motor Accidents Authority MR SOUFIANE BOUFOUS, Data Manager, IRMRC MR BILL PINK, Manager Trend Analysis, Road Safety Strategy, Roads and Traffic Authority MR ANDREW GRAHAM, Manager Trend Analysis, Road Safety Strategy, Roads and Traffic Authority MS PAM ALBANY, Manager, Injury Prevention and Members of the Quarterly Review Committee Policy Branch, NSW Health From left to right: Mr Kwame Atsu (MAA), Prof Caroline Finch (IRMRC), Mr Soufiane Boufous (IRMRC)

08 IRMRC Management Committees

RESEARCH ADVISORY COMMITTEE The Research Advisory Committee provides advice to the Board about the research directions of the Centre. In 2005, the Committee comprised the following members:

A/PROFESSOR STEPHEN LORD Chair, Prince of Wales Medical Research Institute, UNSW PROFESSOR RICHARD BRYANT School of Psychology, UNSW PROFESSOR JEAN CROSS School of Safety Science, UNSW PROFESSOR WILLIAM DUNSMUIR School of Mathematics, UNSW PROFESSOR CAROLINE FINCH Director, IRMRC DR SOAMES JOB General Manager, Road Safety Strategy, Roads and Traffic Authority DR BERMAN KAYIS School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, UNSW PROFESSOR JOHN LANGLEY Injury Prevention Members of the Research Advisory Committee Research Unit, University of Otago, New Zealand From left to right: Front Row: Prof Caroline Finch, Dr Berman Kayis, A/Prof Ann Williamson, Dr Karen Zwi Back Row: Dr Soames Job, Prof William Dunsmuir, A/PROFESSOR ANN WILLIAMSON Deputy Director, A/Prof Stephen Lord (Chair), Prof John Langley, Prof Jean Cross. IRMRC, UNSW DR KAREN ZWI School of Women's and Children's Health, Faculty of Medicine, UNSW

DATA LINKAGE PROJECT ADVISORY COMMITTEE In addition to the Management Committees, the IRMRC established a Project Advisory Committee for its major data project. This Project Advisory Committee provided expert advice on issues relating to data linkage of hospital admissions records and police crash records. In 2005, the Committee comprised the following members:

PROFESSOR CAROLINE FINCH Chair, Director, IRMRC MR KWAME ATSU Principal Officer, Statistics - Insurance Division, Motor Accidents Authority (May) MS AARTHI AYYAR Biostatisticial Trainee, IRMRC (February and May) MR SOUFIANE BOUFOUS Data Manager, IRMRC PROFESSOR WILLIAM DUNSMUIR School of Mathematics, UNSW MS PAM ALBANY Manager, Injury Prevention and Policy Branch, NSW Health MR ANDREW GRAHAM Manager, Trend Analysis, Road Safety Strategy, Roads and Traffic Authority PROFESSOR MARK STEVENSON Director, Injury Prevention and Trauma Care Program, The George Members of the Data Linkage Project Advisory Committee Institute for International Health From left to right: Prof William Dunsmuir, Mr Kwame Atsu, Prof Caroline Finch, Mr Soufiane Boufous, Ms Aarthi Ayyar, Prof Mark Stevenson, A/Prof Ann Williamson A/PROFESSOR ANN WILLIAMSON Deputy Director, IRMRC MS SANJA LUJIC Biostatistical Trainee, IRMRC (May) “The activities of the IRMRC are guided by three management committees ”

09 IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005

DATA SYSTEMS AND STATISTICAL ANALYSIS A major role of the IRMRC is to analyse and report on population-level data relating to injury occurrence and injury risk management in New South Wales. It does this through its own research activities, as well as through providing a data service for interested agencies. The IRMRC provides a free "data analysis and advice" service to its funding partners and their approved agencies. This service is also available to other agencies on a fee for service basis. This service includes the analysis of various datasets, provision of research advice, provision of data quality advice, review of documents, and conduct of literature reviews. Information can be provided on a wide range of issues including different mechanisms of injury (e.g. road traffic crashes, falls, violence, etc), various population groups (e.g. children, older people and those from non-English background, etc) and different locations of occurrence (e.g. on the road, at home and in the workplace, etc). The Centre has a stringent policy on data confidentiality and privacy, a policy in line with the legislative requirements, UNSW policy and the demands of the owners of the datasets. In particular, where the information from the NSW Health Inpatient Statistical Collection is sought, access is coordinated through the Injury Prevention and Policy Branch of NSW Health. 10 Centre Activities Translating Research into Policy and Practice Researchers at the Centre are actively involved in the policy development process and the translation of research into policy. Staff participated in a number of key policy forums in 2005, such as the Elderly Falls Forum and the Productivity Commission's Forum on the Data Systems and Statistical Analysis Review of the Australian Consumer Product Safety System. The IRMRC was the lead agency The Centre has custodianship of a number of in articulating the injury perspective for NSW NSW population databases, including the NSW Health's Futures Planning process, commenced Inpatient Statistical Collection, NSW Traffic in 2005. In March, the Centre conducted a Accident Database System, MAA Claims Register workshop on Injury Futures Planning which and Statistical Database and claims data from included representatives from a number of NSW WorkCover NSW. The Centre undertakes data government agencies (RTA, MAA, WorkCover, mining and statistical analysis of these secure Fair Trading and Tourism, Sport and Recreation), data for the core funding partners, the Centre's as well as relevant interstate agencies. An issue own research program and as a service for paper based on the work of the forum was then approved agencies on approved matters. prepared and submitted to NSW Health for use Research Streams in the Department's futures planning process. The other research activities of the NSW Injury The Centre was also represented on the Social Risk Management Research Centre are organised Determinants of Health Futures Planning Forum. into four Project Streams and cover the areas of: There were also a number of other opportunities Epidemiology and Injury Surveillance in 2005 for Centre researchers to promote the Road Safety inclusion of their research findings in a variety Sport and Active Recreation Injury of policy development contexts. Staff were Work Related Injury. invited to speak at forums as diverse as the NSW Injury Prevention Network, the NSW Child and Training and Capacity Building Adolescent Injury Prevention Symposium held at the NSW Parliament House, and the launch of a Not only does the Centre mentor and supervise road safety advertising campaign for young post-graduate research students, it also provides drivers by Bankstown Team Phoenix. work placements for NSW Health public health and biostatistical trainees for periods of up to The effort to move sound research findings into twelve months. These placements are quite policy and practice was furthered by the sought after and the program is to be expanded. publication of letters and editorials as well as In 2005 there were four placements at the active membership of committee, panels, Centre. working parties within the injury prevention Teaching and Seminars area. Although the Centre's primary purpose is to conduct research, the Centre also conducts a course in injury risk management that is offered through the School of Safety Science. As the courses are multidisciplinary in focus and involve lecturers from Engineering, Medicine and Science, students are attracted from a wide range of disciplines. From time to time, the Centre also offers short and continuing education courses on a range of issues relevant to injury risk management. The Centre has hosted guest speakers and is represented in the organising committee of the 2006 Australian Injury Prevention Network conference, to be held at UNSW. It is

“Not only does the Centre mentor and supervise post-graduate research students, it also provides work “Not only does the Centre mentor and supervise post-graduate research anticipated that the Centre will increase its activities in this area over the next few years.

11 placements for NSW Health public health and biostatistical trainees periods of up to twelve months. ” IRMRC ANNUALReport 2005 During 2005, the IRMRC staff were involved in a range of other research projects across the following broad areas: > Epidemiology and Injury Surveillance > Road Safety > Sports and Recreational Injury ANALYSIS OF TRENDS IN HOSPITALISED > Work-related Injury PELVIC FRACTURES IN OLDER PERSONS In this section we provide a brief summary of each IN NSW OVER THE PAST DECADE project, including the research collaborators and funding received during 2005. CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Soufiane Boufous, Caroline Finch COLLABORATORS EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INJURY Stephen Lord (Prince of Wales Medical SURVEILLANCE Research Institute), Jacqueline Close (Prince of Wales Medical Research Institute) UNDERSTANDING ROAD CRASH DATA FUNDING BETTER - FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE 2004-2005, Core funding THE LIKELIHOOD OF HOSPITALISATION SUMMARY RECORDS MATCHING POLICE CRASH Despite their significant health burden, REPORTS epidemiological information regarding pelvic fractures is scarce. This study examined trends CENTRE INVESTIGATORS in admission for pelvic fractures to acute Soufiane Boufous, Sanja Lujic (NSW Health hospitals in New South Wales, Australia, Biostatistical Trainee), Caroline Finch, between July 1998 and June 2000. Over this Epidemiology and Injury Surveillance Andrew Hayen period, both the number of admissions and COLLABORATORS age-specific rates of admissions, for pelvic fracture among those aged 50+ aged years William Dunsmuir (School of Mathematics, were found to have increased in both men UNSW) and women. Whilst the number and FUNDING proportion of transport related pelvic fractures 2004-2005, Core funding declined, those associated with falls increased SUMMARY significantly over the 12-year-period. Falls are It has become increasingly common to link increasingly becoming the single most complementary data sources to enhance the important cause of pelvic injuries in older value of motor transport injury databases. people, suggesting that preventive measures The aims of the project were to examine the aimed at reducing the risk of falls need to be Research project streams - extent to which a linkage of hospital pursued. discharge data with police crash records is useful for describing road crashes; to determine how well "true" matched cases are correctly linked; and to identify factors associated with an increased likelihood of being matched. Hospital separation records for the period 1 July 2000-30 June 2001, inclusive, were linked to police crash records for the same period using probabilistic record linkage techniques. Multivariate logistic regression techniques were used to identify factors independently associated with linkage rates. The most significant factors contributing to the likelihood of linkage were found to be occupant type (eg motor vehicle controllers), payment status (eg cases entitled to financial compensation) and principal diagnosis of injury variables. Interpretation of resultant road crash analyses of linked data EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INJURY EPIDEMIOLOGY RESEARCH TEAM need to take into account potential biases From left to right: Dr Andrew Hayen, Mr Soufiane Boufous, Prof Caroline 12 associated with differential matching rates Finch, Ms Rebecca Mitchell, Ms Melissa Irwin, Ms Robyn Turner across variables of interest. Research project streams - THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF HOSPITALISED WRIST FRACTURES IN OLDER PEOPLE, NEW SOUTH WALES, AUSTRALIA ESTIMATING THE INCIDENCE OF HOSPITALISED INJURIOUS FALLS: IMPACT OF VARYING CASE DEFINITIONS CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Soufiane Boufous, Caroline Finch CENTRE INVESTIGATORS COLLABORATORS Soufiane Boufous, Caroline Finch Stephen Lord (Prince of Wales Medical FUNDING Research Institute), Jacqueline Close (Prince of Wales Medical Research Institute); Todd 2004-2005, Core funding Gothelf (Prince of Wales Hospital); Bill Walsh

SUMMARY (Surgical Training and Orthopaedic Research Epidemiology and Injury Surveillance In the absence of unique personal identifiers Laboratory, Prince of Wales Hospital) in hospital admissions datasets, previous FUNDING studies have used different approaches to 2005, Core funding identifying incident cases (first admissions) of hospitalised injurious falls. These approaches SUMMARY have included the exclusion of "readmission Wrist fractures are a common injury in older within 28 days" cases, "transfers" admissions people. The epidemiology and trends in wrist to "non-acute hospitals" and "day only" fracture admissions to public and private admissions. The aim of this study was to acute hospitals in New South Wales, examine the validity, as well as the impact, of Australia, between July 1993 and June 2003, different approaches on incidence estimates were examined using routinely collected of hospitalised falls. When comparing the hospital separations statistics. Over the study performance of different approaches to period, the number of hospital separations for identifying first admissions, to that of the data wrist fractures increase in both men and linkage "gold standard", the "transfer from" women. A significant increase in age-specific variable performed best in identifying first and age-standardised hospitalisation rates for admissions in terms of sensitivity and wrist fractures was also observed. While the specificity. However, all the approaches have majority of wrist fractures were due to falls, relatively low specificity raising questions the proportion of falls-related wrist fractures about their use. The introduction of a Unique decreased significantly over time. This Patient Identifier and the data of injury in decrease was more pronounced in males and hospital discharge datasets would provide a was accompanied by a rise in proportion of more accurate picture of incident cases of wrist fractures resulting from high energy fall-related hospitalisations. mechanisms such as transport, violence and machinery-related incidents. The difference in RECORD LINKAGE: A TOOL FOR INJURY hospitalised wrist fracture rates between men PREVENTION RESEARCH and women could not be explained solely on the basis of the role played by osteoporosis, indicating the need for more research to CENTRE INVESTIGATORS improve our understanding of the underlying Soufiane Boufous, Caroline Finch factors of this type of fracture in older people. FUNDING 2004-2005, Core funding SUMMARY Traditionally, much record linkage has focused on cancer research before being gradually applied to various areas of public health. Application of record linkage techniques to injury prevention research has only been a fairly recent development. The study assessed the importance of record linkage for injury research and reviewed previous applications in this area. It also

“The introduction of a Unique Patient Identifier and the date injury in hospital discharge examined some of the specific practical and privacy issues that present challenges to the linkage of data for injury prevention and control. Suggestions regarding steps that need to be taken to improve the quality and ease of undertaking data linkage for injury 13

datasets would provide a more accurate picture of incident cases fall-related hospitalsiations.” research were developed. IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005 EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INJURY PUBLIC HEALTH AND VIOLENCE SURVEILLANCE continued CENTRE INVESTIGATORS THE TRIAGE INJURY SURVEILLANCE Caroline Finch PROJECT COLLABORATORS

CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Anthony Zwi (School of Public Health and Community Medicine, UNSW), Alison Rutherford Andrew Marich (NSW Public Health Officer (School of Public Health and Community Training Program), Caroline Finch Medicine). The project was directed by Prof Zwi FUNDING and his team at the School of Public Health and 2004-2005, NSW Health (Total budget: $ 78,000. Community Medicine. Funding received in 2005: $16,513) FUNDING SUMMARY 2004-2005, NSW Health (Total budget: $50,000. This project developed and trialled an injury No funding received in 2005) surveillance system for use in hospital emergency SUMMARY departments. A particular focus was on the This project explored possibilities for linking work assessment of the utility of the routine collection of population health with other sectors involved of narrative by triage nurses in Emergency in the prevention, management and monitoring of Departments. Feedback from the triage injury violence and crime. In doing so, it described surveillance system was also fed back to the future initiatives aimed at improving quality of developers of NSW Health's Public Health Real- health data and recommended a future work Time Emergency Department Surveillance System, program for the NSW Health Injury Policy to assist in its ongoing application in the injury Branch. This involved mapping current actors, setting. activities and gaps in violence prevention; identifying data sources, trends and gaps; and INVESTIGATION OF CORONIAL DATA identifying the role of the health sector in violence prevention. Twenty-two interviews were Epidemiology and Injury Surveillance CENTRE INVESTIGATORS conducted with thirty-one key stakeholders in Melissa Irwin (NSW Public Health Officer government and non-government organisations in Training Program), Andrew Hayen, Caroline Finch the health, community, criminology, police and other sectors; nine custodians of routine data FUNDING collections managed within NSW Health were 2005-2006, NSW Health (same budget as the also surveyed. Triage project above) SUMMARY DEVELOPMENT OF FALLS INJURY RISK Coronial data have the potential to provide a rich PROJECTION, INDICATORS AND AN source of information about fatal injury. The aims EVALUATION PLAN of this project were to assess the usefulness of the National Coroners Information System, for CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Research project streams - contributing information to the epidemiological Caroline Finch, Annaliese Dowling profile on injuries in the state, as well as more detailed information about mechanism of injury. FUNDING 2005, NSW Health (Total budget: $87,000. NSW INJURY HOSPITALISATION PROFILE Funding received in 2005: $87,000) SUMMARY CENTRE INVESTIGATORS The aim of this project was to provide falls injury Andrew Hayen, Rebecca Mitchell risk projection estimates and other indicators FUNDING against which NSW Health could monitor the 2005-2006, Core funding impact of its Falls Policy. An update of falls research occurring in Australia and a five year SUMMARY Australian literature review was prepared and Almost all serious non-fatal injuries lead to disseminated. A three-year research strategy hospitalisation. A review of injury hospitalisations highlighting research priorities was also of NSW residents in the period of 1989-1990 to developed for NSW Health. NSW Fall Injury 2003-04 was undertaken. The aims of this project Indicators were developed to track the trends in were to examine the leading cause of injury the incidence of fall injuries in people over 65 hospitalisation and to describe trends in years of age. These indicators have been designed hospitalised injury in NSW. Data analysis and to be used at the Area Health Service and State writing of the report was conducted in 2005. The levels. 14 report would be launched in 2006. Research project streams - Road Saftey “Early results of the surveys suggest that driver fatigue is

15 indeed a safety issue in the light and short haul transport sector that workplace follow-up studies are warranted.” IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005

these exploratory findings in the workplace. In Phase One of the project which was carried Road Saftey out in 2005, light truck and van drivers and representatives of companies engaged in light transport across NSW were surveyed. Results of the surveys suggest that driver fatigue is indeed a safety issue in the light and short haul transport sector and that workplace follow-up studies are warranted. ROAD SAFETY RESEARCH TEAM From left to right: Ms Rena Friswell, A/Prof Ann Williamson, Ms Naomi Dunn, Dr Susanne Murphy, Mr Tim Chamberlain, Dr Julie Hatfield, Dr Wei Du RISK PERCEPTIONS, ATTITUDES AND BEHAVIOURS REGARDING DRIVER FATIGUE IN NSW YOUTH: THE ROAD SAFETY DEVELOPMENT OF AN EVIDENCE-BASED Research project streams - DRIVER FATIGUE EDUCATIONAL FATIGUE IN THE LIGHT TRUCKING INTERVENTION STRATEGY SECTOR CENTRE INVESTIGATORS CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Julie Hatfield, Susanne Murphy Ann Williamson, Rena Friswell COLLABORATORS COLLABORATORS Nadine Kasparian (Prince of Wales Hospital and Westmead Institute for Cancer Research), Anne-Marie Feyer (Pricewaterhouse Coopers) RF Soames Job (Roads and Traffic Authority) FUNDING FUNDING 2003-2006, Australian Research Council 2004-2006, Motor Accidents Authority (Total Linkage grant (funding partners: Motor budget: $33,516. Funding received in 2005: Accidents Authority, National Road Transport $14,093) Commission, Australian Transport Safety Bureau, the National Occupational Health SUMMARY and Safety Commission) (Total budget: Driver fatigue is a major contributor to road $285,585. Funding received in 2005: trauma, and young drivers are over- $72,436) represented in fatigue-related crashes. SUMMARY Nonetheless the evidence-base for targeted interventions is lacking. The aims of this Although there is a substantial body of project were to collect information from research investigating driver fatigue as an young drivers regarding their beliefs, attitudes, occupational safety issue for long distance and behaviours in relation to driving whilst heavy vehicle drivers, virtually no fatigued; design anti-fatigue messages information is available about fatigue specifically targeting young drivers; and experiences of light truck and short haul evaluate these anti-fatigue messages in terms drivers. Because light commercial vehicles of beliefs, attitudes, and intended behaviour. comprise about 15% of the motorised fleet in In 2005, we completed the field survey data NSW and because driver fatigue is thought to collection, and submitted draft and final be involved in a similar proportion of light reports. The pamphlet that was developed truck and heavy vehicle crashes, empirical during this research program is an important data on the extent and causes of fatigue outcome of this work. among light truck drivers is sorely needed. The aims of this project were to gather exploratory self-report data on work practices, fatigue and other occupational health and safety hazards confronting light truck and van drivers in NSW and to validate 16 Research project streams - DATA MATCHING PROJECT OF WORK RELATED DRIVER FATIGUE TIME OF DAY, TIME AWAKE AND ALCOHOL: THE EFFECTS ON FATIGUE CENTRE INVESTIGATORS AND PERFORMANCE Ann Williamson, Soufiane Boufous FUNDING CENTRE INVESTIGATORS 2004-2005, Roads Traffic Authority (Total Ann Williamson budget: $38,260. Funding received in 2005: FUNDING $22,956) 2005-2006, ARC Discovery Grant (Total SUMMARY budget: $117,415. Funding received in 2005: The aim of this project was to examine the Road Saftey $117,415) characteristics of work-related traffic crashes SUMMARY involving drivers in New South Wales (NSW), Australia and to investigate fatigue Previous studies have shown that around 18 involvement in these types of crashes. hours without sleep produces performance Probabilistic data record linkage was used to deficits equivalent to a blood alcohol at the merge police crash records and workers legal limit for driving (0.05% blood alcohol compensation data for the period 1998-2002. content). All these studies, however, were The findings indicated that fatigue involved confounded time awake and time of day so crashes were more likely to result in fatality that the sleep deprivation effects occurred in and incur higher costs than crashes not the midnight to 6am period which coincides involving fatigue, especially if the crash with the lowest point in the body clock when occurred on country roads. The study shows performance capacity is low anyway. This no significant difference in the proportion of project will attempt to disentangle the effects fatigue-related cases between on-duty and of time of day and time awake and validate commuting crashes and highlighted the need these effects using doses of alcohol, up to to further investigate the factors associated twice the legal limit for driving. with fatigue in commuters. This project demonstrated the value of record linkage techniques in addressing some of the limitations of work-related data systems and in providing a more complete picture of the circumstances of occupational traffic crashes. “...around 18 hours without sleep produces performance deficits equivalent to a blood alcohol at the legal limit for driving (0.05%blood content).” 17 IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005

PSYCHOSTIMULANT USE IN LONG DISTANCE ROAD TRANSPORT

CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Ann Williamson FUNDING 2004-2005, NSW Health (Total budget: $75,000. Funding received in 2005: $55,000) Road Saftey SUMMARY NEW SOUTH WALES YOUNG DRIVERS' Divergent claims about the extent of COHORT STUDY psychostimulant use among long distance heavy vehicle drivers have appeared in the scientific literature and popular press. The CENTRE INVESTIGATORS aims of this project were to survey long Ann Williamson distance heavy vehicle drivers directly about COLLABORATORS their experiences of drug use and to identify Robyn Norton (The George Institute for characteristics of drivers' work that are International Health), Mark Stevenson (The associated with drug use. Anonymous surveys George Institute for International Health), were distributed to drivers at truck stops on Mark Woodward (The George Institute for major highways in NSW in 2005. The results Research project streams - International Health), Maurice Eisenbruch indicate that work practices known to (School of Public Health and Community engender fatigue, including pay systems, Medicine, UNSW), Don Carseldine (Roads predict drug taking among drivers. The results and Traffic Authority). This project is led by have clear implications for policy and the George Institute for International Health. practice which aim to reduce occupational drug use and the health and safety risks it FUNDING poses for drivers and other road users. 2000-2006, NSW Roads and Traffic Authority (No funding received in 2005) RISK TAKING ATTITUDES OF YOUNG SUMMARY NSW DRIVERS Road safety statistics show that young drivers are over-represented in serious crashes. This CENTRE INVESTIGATORS collaborative study, being led by the George Julie Hatfield, Ralston Fernandes Institute aims to determine the specific risk factors for serious injury and death outcomes COLLABORATORS in young drivers. This is a prospective cohort Soames Job (Roads and Traffic Authority) study of young drivers aged 17 to 24, FUNDING involving mail-outs of invitations to complete 2003-2006, Motor Accidents Authority (Total a study questionnaire on-line or via a mailed budget: $39,931. No funding received in questionnaire. The baseline data collection 2005) involved a questionnaire covering driver training, risk perception, driver behaviour, SUMMARY sensation seeking behaviour and mental Risky driving is a major contributor to road health. Participants gave consent for trauma, particularly for young drivers, who prospective data linkage to their licensing, are over-represented in crash statistics. crash, and injury data held routinely Different risky driving behaviours have been collected databases. Just over 20,000 explained in terms of a range factors that individuals completed the baseline influence health-relevant behaviours, without questionnaire. A one-year follow-up any attempt to identify the profile of factors questionnaire was sent out to around one that are relevant to specific risky driving quarter of the baseline study sample. The behaviours. The aims of this project were to study should assist in obtaining a better identify factors which are relevant to understanding of the risk factors for young speeding, drink driving, driving while fatigued driver crashes and should lead to better and and non-use of restraint amongst young more targeted interventions to reduce young drivers; and to validate self-reported attitudes driver crash risk. against the Implicit Attitudes computer Task.

18 Research project streams - EVALUATION OF PROFILE LINE MARKING AS A ROAD SAFETY COUNTERMEASURE THE DEVELOPMENT OF MESSAGES AND EXPERIENCES TO REDUCE ROAD- CENTRE INVESTIGATORS RELATED ILLUSORY INVULNERABILITY Julie Hatfield, Susanne Murphy AND RISKY DRIVING, FOR SCHOOL COLLABORATORS AGED CHILDREN AND YOUNG DRIVERS Soames Job (Roads and Traffic Authority) FUNDING CENTRE INVESTIGATORS 2004-2006, Australian Research Council Julie Hatfield Linkage Grant (funding partner: Roads and COLLABORATORS Traffic Authority) (Total budget: $107,078. Road Saftey Soames Job (Roads and Traffic Authority), Funding received in 2005: $51,731) Beryl Hesketh (University of Sydney), Wendy SUMMARY Joung (University of Sydney) Profile Line-Marking (PLM) aims to reduce FUNDING fatigue-related crashes by alerting drivers 2001-2005, Motor Accidents Authority (Total when they begin veering off the road. budget: $51,094. Funding received in 2005: Substantial stretches are laid annually $30,844) Australia-wide, although evaluation of PLM SUMMARY has been unsophisticated or flawed. The aims of this project are to improve understanding The over representation of young people in of PLM impacts by investigating road crash statistics is likely to owe partly to beliefs/attitudes regarding PLM (e.g. "PLM misperception of risk and risky driving. This damages cars"); whether road-edge PLM project aimed to develop and evaluate increases head-on crashes; the efficacy of materials to improve risk perception, risky PLM with more widely spaced "ribs" with and driving, and road-trauma involvement without separate raised pavement markers; amongst young people. In 2005, we and underlying mechanisms (e.g. reducing completed data collection in a learner driver fatigue, increasing visibility during night/wet) sample. The pamphlet that was developed in order to improve the efficacy and efficiency during this research program is an important of PLM use. outcome of this work.

IMPLICIT ATTITUDES AND SIMULATED DRIVING BEHAVIOUR National Transport Commission Media Release, 17th February 2005. National Transport

CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Julie Hatfield, Ralston Fernandes COLLABORATORS Gavin Faunce (University of Sydney) FUNDING 2004-2005, Australian Transport Safety Bureau (Total budget: $22,342. No funding received in 2005) SUMMARY Speeding is a substantial contributor toward road trauma, and yet research regarding attitudes which influence speeding relies on self-report measures that may be subject to social desirability bias. The aims of this study were to assess implicit attitudes towards speeding (employing the computer-based Implicit Association Test) and their relationship to self-reported attitudes, self- reported behaviour, and simulated driving behaviour. In addition, the aim is to develop an intervention to improve speeding-related attitudes (both implicit and explicit) and simulated behaviour.

"...night driving may not have any clear differential effects on performance when compared to day in either permanent or rotating shift drivers." 19 IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005 EFFECTIVENESS AND APPROPRIATENESS OF CHILD RESTRAINTS

CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Wei Du, Julie Hatfield, Caroline Finch COLLABORATORS Lynne Bilston (Prince of Wales Medical

Road Saftey Research Institute) FUNDING 2005-2008, ARC, Motor Accidents Authority and Roads and Traffic Authority (Total budget: $73,950. Funding received in 2005: $24,650) SUMMARY Significant numbers of children in Australia are killed and injured each year as occupants of motor vehicles. There is a need to define the effectiveness of different forms of Australian restraint for children considering THE EFFECTS OF IN-VEHICLE the impact of non-use and misuse. The aims AUDIOVISUAL DISPLAY UNITS ON Research project streams - of this project are to develop a population- SIMULATED DRIVING level profile of road trauma in child occupants in NSW; characterise the types of CENTRE INVESTIGATORS restraints currently used in NSW; characterise Julie Hatfield, Timothy Chamberlain and quantify restraint misuse; determine the FUNDING size/weight deficiencies of existing dedicated child restraint and adult belt systems for 2004-2005, Roads and Traffic Authority (Total Australian children; assess the influence budget: $22,539. No funding received in deficiencies identified in crash protection; 2005) estimate the costs of injuries in children and SUMMARY the cost-benefit associated with correct Installation of in-car audiovisual displays is restraint use. Development of the population- increasing, yet there is no evidence-base for based profile of child road trauma has appropriate regulation. We investigated commenced, via analysis of the hospital whether drivers attend to audiovisual displays separations database. Data collection has in other cars, and the associated driving been completed for a telephone survey of impairments. 28 participants completed 3 restraint usage for children aged under 16, drives on a simulator while visual materials and data analysis is ongoing. A study to were presented on a display positioned as characterise the geometry of seatbelt and though in a neighbouring vehicle. A different child restraints on the market in Australia has instruction condition operated for each drive: commenced. Planning for the third study, ignore visual materials, attend, and no which involves an in-depth study of child instruction. Participants also completed one restraint misuse, is in its final stage. drive without visual material (control). Drivers evidenced impairment in the attend condition relative to the control condition. For example, they decelerated more slowly when confronted by pedestrian, and kept a lane position on a curvy road that was more variable and further to the left of centre. In a survey, 96% of participants reported that their simulator driving was at least "a little" impaired by the visual materials. 31% of participants reported having seen an entertainment display in another vehicle on the road, with 80% of these reporting that they had paid at least "a little" attention to the last sighted display. These findings suggest that audiovisual displays that are visible from another vehicle are likely to distract drivers 20 and impair their driving performance. Research project streams - DEVELOPMENT OF A TESTING PROGRAM TO CONDUCT ACOUSTIC SURVEY OF ENGINE BRAKE NOISE THE ROLE OF RISK PROPENSITY IN THE RISKY DRIVING OF OLDER AND YOUNGER DRIVERS CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Julie Hatfield CENTRE INVESTIGATORS FUNDING Julie Hatfield, Ralston Fernandes 2005-2006, Roads and Traffic Authority (Total FUNDING budget: $8,836. Funding received in 2005: $4,418) 2005, Australian Transport Safety Bureau (Total budget: $22,095. Funding received in SUMMARY 2005: $13,256) The RTA has been working with the National Road Saftey SUMMARY Transport Commission (NTC) in the development of a regulatory approach to Risky driving is a major contributor to road managing engine brake noise (EB) noise. trauma, particularly for young drivers, who There is a need to conduct a community- are over-represented in crash statistics. based survey to examine the association Investigation of limited experience and risk- between human reaction (including perception skills as crash contributors has annoyance) to record EB noise events and lacked appropriate consideration of risk- various acoustical indices calculated from propensity (willingness/desire to take risks). these events (employing NTC-developed The aims of this project are to investigate algorithms). The aim of this project was to interrelationships between aspects of risk- develop a research design and research propensity (measured using recently- materials for this purpose. The RTA was developed questionnaires), age, experience, provided with a report that detailed the risk-perception, and risky driving, in order to experimental design-e.g. sample size and inform improved road safety stratification, sampling techniques, stimuli countermeasures. selection (i.e. noise levels, noise impulsivity characteristics), methods for obtaining ratings, A REVIEW REGARDING THE EFFECTS OF inclusion of important modifiers (i.e. noise ADVERTISING INSTALMENTS ON ROAD sensitivity, attitudes to the noise source); SAFETY detailed data analysis and interpretation issues-e.g. selection of an appropriate CENTRE INVESTIGATORS standard based on " % highly annoyed "; and Julie Hatfield included survey materials-e.g. researcher instructions, questionnaires. FUNDING 2004-2005, Core funding SUMMARY Advertising instalments (e.g. advertising on stands, billboards, bus stands, buses, taxis, and other vehicles) may negatively impact road safety in several ways, primarily through obstruction of the driver's view of driving-relevant stimuli; visual clutter and reduced conspicuity of driving-relevant signs; and driver distraction. The aims of this project are to review the literature relevant to this issue and to provide the Roads and Traffic Authority with a report and recommendations. Dr Julie Hatfield, Driven to distraction? not the kids, other drivers, The Sydney Morning Herald, 7th March 2005. Dr Julie Hatfield, Driven to distraction? not the kids, other drivers, The Sydney Morning Herald, 7th March “If a driver can see [a movie playing] in another car, does that impair their driving? In most “If a driver can see [a movie playing] in another car,

cases, my guess is the answer yes.” 21 IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005 Sports and Recreational Injury Research project streams -

22 Research project streams -

SPORTS AND RECREATIONAL INJURY

RISK FACTORS FOR REPETITIVE MICROTRAUMA INJURY TO ADOLESCENT AND ADULT CRICKET FAST BOWLERS

CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Rebecca Dennis, Caroline Finch

COLLABORATORS Sports and Recreational Injury Bruce Elliott (School of Human Movement and Exercise Science, UWA), Andrew McIntosh (School of Safety Science, UNSW) FUNDING 2003-2005, Cricket Australia (Total budget: $40,145. No funding received in 2005) SUMMARY Cricket is one of Australia's most popular sports, both in terms of spectator interest and participation rates. However, participation in cricket can be associated with a risk of injury. Fast bowlers have consistently been identified as being at the greatest risk of injury, which clearly establishes them as the priority group for continued risk factor research. The aim of this project was to describe the epidemiology of repetitive microtrauma injuries and identify the risk factors for these injuries to male adolescent and adult fast bowlers. The project consisted of three prospective cohort Observing the bowling technique of a cricket fast bowler studies investigating bowling workload, technique and physical characteristics as risk factors for injury, with data being collected over the period 2000-04. Results of the project were presented to cricket administrators, policymakers, coaches and medical staff in a variety of forums throughout the year.

Analysing the physical characteristics of a cricket fast bowler “Cricket is one of Australia's most popular sports, both in terms of spectator interest and “Cricket is one of

SPORTS INJURY RESEARCH TEAM From left to right: Prof Caroline Finch, Ms Maria Romiti (not shown: Dr Shauna Sherker and Ms Rebecca Dennis)

participation rates. However, participation in cricket can be associated with a risk of injury. ” participation in cricket can be associated with a risk of injury. participation rates. However, 23 IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005

SUBSTANCE USE AND SNOW SPORT ACTIVITY: AN INVESTIGATION OF RISK PERCEPTIONS, ATTITUDES AND KNOWLEDGE

CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Caroline Finch, Shauna Sherker COLLABORATORS Prof Jim Kehoe (School of Psychology, MANAGING RETURN-TO-PLAY UNSW), Dr Mark Doverty (NSW Southern DECISIONS FOLLOWING MILD Area Health Services) TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY (MTBI): A COHORT STUDY FUNDING 2004-2005, NSW Southern Area Health CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Services (Total budget: $30,909. No funding received in 2005) Caroline Finch SUMMARY COLLABORATORS The aim of this project was to investigate Mark Stevenson (The George Institute for perceptions of snowfield resort visitors about International Health, University of Sydney), injury risk regarding alcohol, fatigue and Michael Collins and Mark Lovell (University recreational drug use. of Pittsburgh Medical Centre), Andy Lee (School of Population Health, University of Visitors to a resort village in a large Australian Sports and Recreational Injury Western Australia), Andrew McIntosh (School snowfield region completed a brief survey of Safety Science, UNSW). This project is led about fatigue, alcohol and recreational drug by the George Institute for International use and injury risk perception. Participants Health. stated their ability to ski or snowboard and drive safely following a lack of sleep, alcohol FUNDING and recreational drugs use. Intoxicated 2004-2008, USA Centre for Disease Control snowfield report visitors were compared with and Prevention Grant (No funding received non-intoxicated visitors. Safety beliefs across in 2005) snowsport and transport were compared. SUMMARY Most participants reported that they generally Contact sports, such as the football codes, slept less than usual and 30% reported both carry a high risk of mild traumatic head drinking alcohol and using drugs more than

Research project streams - injury (mTBI) and such injuries have the usual while visiting the snowfields. potential for adverse long-term sequelae. Participants perceived driving as a greater Despite the potential to significantly reduce injury risk than skiing/snowboarding the adverse outcomes of mTBI there are (p<0.001). Fatigue was perceived as a conflicting guidelines about when a player relatively weak injury risk factor, particularly should return to play. The aims of this project while skiing and snowboarding. are to estimate the incidence of rugby-related mTBI (also known as concussion), assess the role of protective factors (such as head gear and mouthguards), and develop guidelines for managing return-to play decision following mTBI. During the 2005 season, the study recruited 1276 males aged 16 and over who played high school or community level (non-elite) rugby within the Sydney metropolitan area. Demographic information, potential risk factors and recent concussion history were collected on all players at baseline. Selected school and club players undertook baseline neuropsychological testing and post-injury cognitive functioning was also assessed at four time intervals.

24 Research project streams - REVIEW AND EVALUATION OF VICTORIAN SPORT RISK MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES, POLICIES AND PROGRAMS

CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Caroline Finch COLLABORATORS Leonie Otago (School of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, University of Ballarat), Peter Swan (School of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, University of Ballarat),

Jennifer Blitvich (School of Human Movement Sports and Recreational Injury and Sports Sciences, University of Ballarat), Sue Brown (School of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, University of Ballarat). This project is led by the University of Ballarat researchers. FUNDING THE JUNIOR AUSTRALIAN FOOTBALL 2004-2005, Department for Victorian SAFETY STUDY (JAFSS) Communities (No funding received in 2005) SUMMARY CENTRE INVESTIGATORS This project has examined the extent to which Caroline Finch, Maria Romiti Victorian State Sporting Bodies have COLLABORATOR developed and implemented risk management Belinda Gabbe (Department of Epidemiology plans. The aims were to investigate how, and and Preventive Medicine, Monash University) to what extent, sport clubs and associations FUNDING adopted their State Sporting Association (SSA) 2004-2005, Australian Football League SIRM plan into their everyday operations. To Research Board, NSW Sporting Injuries adequately explore this, the project was Committee, Sports and Recreation Victoria conducted in five phases: a review of SSA (Total budget: $69,622. Funding received in SIRM policies for clubs, an interview with a 2005: $2,962) key SSA person; the development and implementation of a survey for clubs and SUMMARY associations, and development and

Prof Caroline Finch, You're never too old, The Sydney Morning Herald, 24th February 2005 You're Prof Caroline Finch, Continued growth of junior sports depends implementation of a survey for clubs and heavily upon the level of safety associated associations. Overall, the findings of the five with participation in any given activity. The phases support the need for a practical SIRM Junior Australian Football Safety Study (JAFSS) process at club level. Generic risk was designed to investigate the rates and management protocols have their place but patterns of injury among Australian football clubs need to know what is expected of them, participants spanning from the U9 level of and how they should implement SIRM and play through to the U18 level of play. what the benefits of undertaking the practices Additionally, comparisons were made to the are. only other comprehensive study of injuries in junior Australian football players, conducted over a decade ago. The project has identified priority areas for injury prevention and recommended specific game development strategies, related to level of play. “You have to introduce yourself to sport, very gently. People who did not get injured all sought have to introduce yourself sport, very gently. “You professional advice, had a lot of coaching for their activity and experience in the game. They participated in things like pre-season training, to get their bodies up a base level of physical fitness before they took up competitive sport.” 25 IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005 PARENTAL PERCEPTIONS OF SPORTS INJURY RISK

CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Caroline Finch COLLABORATORS Leonie Otago (School of Human Movement EVALUATION OF THE SAFECLUB and Sports Sciences, University of Ballarat), TRAINING INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE Michael Reynolds (School of Human COMMUNITY SPORTS SAFETY Movement and Sports Sciences, University of Ballarat), Michael Spittle (School of Human CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Movement and Sports Sciences, University of Shauna Sherker Ballarat), Warren Payne (School of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, University of COLLABORATORS Ballarat), Jack Harvey (School of Human Paul Klarenaar (Northern Sydney Central Movement and Sports Sciences, University of Coast Health), Kristy Abbott (YouthSafe), Alex Ballarat). This project is led by the University Donaldson (Port Phillip Community Health). of Ballarat researchers. This project is being coordinated by FUNDING YouthSafe. 2004-2005, Victorian Health Promotion FUNDING Foundation (No funding received in 2005) 2005-2006, NSW Sporting Injuries SUMMARY Committee, and Northern Sydney Central

Sports and Recreational Injury Coast Health for a 12 months follow-up of The project investigated parental perceptions soccer clubs (No funding received in 2005) of the risk of sports injury to their children in Victoria. The project aimed to investigate the SUMMARY influence and extent of parental perceptions Risk management plans have been identified of sports injury risk as a barrier to young as the 'best buy' in sports injury prevention people's participation in sport. To explore the however local research indicates that few influence of these perceptions, the project community sports clubs have such plans, nor was conducted in 2 phases: a quantitative the skills and infrastructure to develop them. survey of parents and a follow-up The SafeClub training program was quantitative phase where selected parents introduced to assist community sports clubs to were interviewed concerning their develop and implement sports safety plans perceptions of sports injury risk. Overall, the using a risk management approach and injury prevention concepts. The aim of this study is Research project streams - findings of both phases of the project supported that parents acknowledged and to evaluate the effectiveness of the SafeClub were aware of the injury risk of participation training program as a means of enabling in sport and between different sports. community soccer clubs to improve their However, parental perceptions of sport injury sports safety infrastructure, policies and risk did not appear to be strong influences of practices. Baseline and post-intervention parental actions regarding sports safety infrastructure and policies were participation. measured using a modified version of the Sports Safety Audit Tool. Preliminary results indicate that there was no significant difference at baseline between intervention and control soccer clubs regarding risk management policy and infrastructure. Post season results will be analysed in 2006. The findings of this innovative project will provide much needed evidence to guide the process of supporting community sporting organisations to adopt best practice in sports injury prevention.

26 Research project streams -

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF SEVERE AND CATASTROPHIC SPORTS INJURIES IN NSW

CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Sports and Recreational Injury Caroline Finch, Soufiane Boufous FUNDING 2005-2007, NSW Sporting Injuries Committee (Total budget: $59,125. Funding received in 2005: $39,190) SUMMARY BARRIERS AND FACILITATORS TO COMPLIANCE WITH PLAYGROUND The aim of this project is to examine secular SAFETY STANDARDS trends in severe and catastrophic sports injuries in New South Wales and to determine the nature and the circumstances of these CENTRE INVESTIGATORS cases. Results will be presented in the form of Shauna Sherker, Rebecca Dennis three annual reports. The objective of the first COLLABORATORS report is to present a baseline epidemiological Jan Ritchie (School of Public Health and profile of hospitalisations and deaths related Community Medicine, UNSW), David Eager to participation in sport and leisure activities (Dept of Engineering, UTS) in NSW. Data on sports-related injuries was extracted from the NSW Inpatient Statistical FUNDING Collection and the ABS death data based on 2004-2005, UNSW Faculty Research Grant- the International Classification Diseases (ICD- Early Career Researcher (Total budget: 10) activity coding indicating injury while $23,450. Funding received in 2005: $19,680) engaging in sports and leisure activities. Rates SUMMARY of catastrophic sports injuries will provided Playground related injury is a serious and based on ABS population data as well as common childhood event, resulting in participation data obtained from the substantial trauma and treatment costs. Participation in Exercise, Recreation and Sport Playground injury hospitalisation rates have Surveys run by the Australian Sports increased, despite stringent playground safety Commission and state and territory standards being introduced. This trend departments of sports and recreation. appears to be driven in part by a lack of compliance with playground safety standards. This study aims to identify how local government enforce regulations for playground safety. Further, will identify the barriers and facilitators to playground safety Soufiane Boufous, Battle of the Codes,The Sydney Morning Herald, 5th February 2005 standard compliance in local government, and to highlight examples of best practice. A telephone survey of key informants for playground safety in all 152 local government councils in New South Wales Australia was undertaken in 2005. The extent of playground safety compliance by metropolitan and non-metropolitan councils, council enforcement of regulations including inspection and maintenance processes and barriers and facilitators to compliance will be reported. “...the central message was not to stop playing sport but modify existing minimise injury” 27 IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005

SPORTS GROUND AND SURFACE STUDY AND DEVELOPMENT OF USER SAFETY GUIDELINES

CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Caroline Finch COLLABORATORS Leonie Otago (School of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, University of Ballarat), Peter Swan (School of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, University of Ballarat), Warren Payne (School of Human Movement and Sports Sciences, University of Ballarat), Ian Chivers Harvey (Racing Solutions,

Sports and Recreational Injury Victoria) and John Orchard (Sports Medicine Centre, NSW). This project is led by the University of Ballarat researchers. FUNDING 2005-2006, Department for Victorian Communities (No funding received in 2005) SUMMARY The aim of this project is to investigate the policies of Victorian Local Government Authorities along with the State Sporting Associations of Football, Cricket, Hockey and Soccer in relation to sports ground safety and

Research project streams - ground suitability for play. The methodology is a six stage process investigating current policies are being adopted, including methods and practices at club and association level across metropolitan, regional and rural settings and to establish normative data for conditions of ground surfaces for Australian Rules Football grounds at a representative number of metropolitan, regional and rural environments.

28 Research project streams - "The cost was estimated at $16.9 billion; an average per incident of $118,540." Work-related Injury

29 IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005

THE EFFECTS OF PRECARIOUS WORK ON OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Ann Williamson COLLABORATORS Prof Phillip Bohle and Prof Michael Quinlan (School of Organisation and Management, UNSW). This project is led by the School of

Work-related Injury Organisation and Management, UNSW. FUNDING

WORK-RELATED INJURY RESEARCH TEAM 2001-2005, Australian Research Council From left to right: Mr Tim Chamberlain, Ms Rena Friswell, A/Prof Ann Discovery Grant (No funding received in Williamson, Ms Naomi Dunn, Ms Mary Potter-Forbes 2005) SUMMARY Temporary, part time or casual work is WORK-RELATED INJURY increasing in Australian workplace. This type of work is often summarised as precarious ANALYSIS OF SAFETY PERFORMANCE work and much has been written about the MEASURES OF THE NEW SOUTH WALES potential impact of these types of work MINING INDUSTRY arrangements on occupational health and Research project streams - safety. The aim of this study is to examine the CENTRE INVESTIGATORS effects of precarious work on health and safety of workers in the hospitality, call centre Ann Williamson, Tim Chamberlain and road transport industries. A survey of road FUNDING transport workers was conducted and the 2001-2005, The NSW Department of Mineral results analysed. Comparison of short haul Resources (Total budget: $19,578. Funding truck drivers in permanent employee, casual received in 2005: $19,578) employee and owner driver work SUMMARY arrangements showed that short haul drivers worked very long hours that were similar to In addition to information on injury-related long haul drivers, under arguably more incidents, the NSW mining industry collects continuously trying condition of congested incident information that is relevant to urban roads. Work-related injuries (mainly occupational safety and health. Unlike other related to lifting and loading and unloading) industry sectors where workplace health and were quite common among employee drivers safety information is based exclusively on and over a third of permanent employee fatality and severe injury data, this additional drivers reported a chronic illness (mainly back information is based on Notifiable Incidents problems and deafness) or having made a that are required to be reported to the workers' compensation claim in the past five government regulatory agency under a range years. These findings with regard to the long of mine safety acts and regulations. The aim hours and pressures on short haul drivers raise of this project is to provide an annual report important policy issues. In the past, the on the reportable incidents collected by the working conditions of long haul truck drivers Department of Primary Industry-Minerals. were seen as rather unique, requiring The report describes the nature of incidents particular forms of regulatory intervention (to and circumstances in which they occur. This combat fatigue etc). Our study found that gap analysis provides a broader view of incidents between employment and working conditions that have both actual and potential impact on of long haul and short haul drivers was less safety and are leading to the development of than previously imagined. This suggests that more informed strategies to address the major existing policy interventions for short haul problems in mine safety in NSW. drivers may need to be reconsidered.

30 Research project streams - PILOT SURVEY ON EMPLOYMENT TYPE, HOURS OF WORK AND SAFETY IN NSW MINING 2003-2004

CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Ann Williamson FUNDING 2005, NSW Department of Primary Industry (Total budget: $15,834. Funding received in 2005: $15,834) SUMMARY Work-related Injury The main aims of this pilot study were to describe the ways people are employed in the COST OF WORK RELATED INJURIES AND NSW mining industry, and to set a precedent ILLNESS IN NSW for future research. Of key interest were the types of employment and areas of work, hours worked and safety outcomes for contractors in CENTRE INVESTIGATORS the NSW mining industry. The analysis of the Mary Potter Forbes characteristics of contractors working in the COLLABORATORS mines that returned surveys suggests a number Peter Abelson (Faculty of Economics and of important differences between contractors Business, University of Sydney), Tim Driscoll and employees that need to be validated in a (School of Public Health, University of larger survey. Further, the results identified Sydney) aspects that could be improved to make a FUNDING larger survey more successful. The IRMRC coordinated and hosted a Workshop on 2004-2005, WorkCover (Total budget: designing a study of employment type, hours $93,120. Funding received in 2005: $93,120) of work and safety in NSW mining which was SUMMARY attended by mining industry representatives of The objectives of this project were to employers, employees and government. estimate the cost of compensable work related injury and illness occurring in NSW in 2000-2001, and to develop a resource for use in ongoing economic evaluation of regulatory interventions. The cost was estimated at $16.9 billion; an average cost per incident of $118,540. The estimate included the costs of hospitalisation, the consumption of medical services and the administration of the claim as well as the cost of mortality and morbidity (net of productivity losses). A complex mapping between coding systems was necessary to derive the hospitalisation cost estimate. Excel spreadsheets were constructed for sensitivity analysis and supplied to WorkCover NSW for web-site implementation. The work was based on the methodology previously developed at the Centre but certain algorithms have been refined and parameter values updated. The approach is consistent with that adopted by Access Economics in its work for the National Occupation Health & Safety Commission in 2003. “Work-related injury is an important public health issue in NSW. The study describes information injury is an important public health issue in NSW. “Work-related

on self-reported work-related injuries collected as part of the 2002 NSW Health Survey Program. ” 31 IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005

RESEARCH ON FATIGUE MANAGEMENT IN THE RAIL INDUSTRY SELF REPORTED WORK-RELATED INJURY AND ILLNESS IN NSW CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Ann Williamson CENTRE INVESTIGATORS FUNDING Rebecca Mitchell, Soufiane Boufous 2005-2006, National Transport Commission FUNDING (Total budget: $14,500. Funding received in 2005: $9,500) 2005, Core funding SUMMARY SUMMARY Work-related Injury This project involved providing expert review Work-related injury is an important public and advice to the National Transport health issue in NSW. The study describes Commission on the development of a national information on self-reported work-related approach to managing the risks associated injuries collected as part of the 2002 NSW with fatigue in Rail Safety Workers. This Health Survey Program. A total of 15.6% of included attended meetings with stakeholders employed persons reported that they had leading and membership of a Fatigue Expert suffered an injury or illness related to work in Group which led to preparation of a number the last 12 months. Males and young workers of draft proposals for fatigue management that were more likely to report experiencing a form the basis for a national regulatory work-related injury/illness than females or framework to govern this area in rail safety. older workers. The most common injury- reported was sprains and strains of joints and Research project streams - adjacent muscles. Only one-quarter of respondents reported receiving workers' compensation for their injury/illness. Data sources from the health system are an important source of information for work- PROJECTS APPROVED FOR FUNDING IN related injury/illness. Health survey 2005 BUT FOR WHICH RESEARCH WORK information can complement other work- WILL NOT COMMENCE UNTIL 2006 related injury/illness data sources and contribute to the current knowledge IRMRC staff are listed in bold in the following regarding the magnitude, nature and severity list of work-related injury/illness in NSW. Finch C, Lloyd D, Elliott B. Can exercise training programs prevent knee injuries? NHMRC Project Grant. 2006-2009 (1,065,650) Hayen A, Sherker S. The spatial epidemiology of playground falls in New South Wales. UNSW Faculty of Science Early Career Research Grant. 2006 ($18,747) McIntosh A, Williamson A. Rail safety and reliability: a human factors and ergonomics approach. 2006-2008. ($ 381,207) (to be administered through the School of Safety Science). Poulos R, Rutherford A, Zwi A, Finch C, Hayen A, Moore H, Zwi K, Comino E. The spatial distribution of childhood injury morbidity and morality in NSW. UNSW Faculty of Medicine Research Grant. 2006 ($26,518) (to be administered through School of Public Health and Community Medicine)

32 Training and Capacity Building

PUBLIC HEALTH TRAINEE FELLOWSHIP ON CORONIAL AND EMERGENCY DATA

CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Caroline Finch FUNDING 2005-2006, NSW Health SUMMARY Melissa Irwin began a six month placement as a Public Health Officer at the IRMRC in December 2005. She is examining at the usefulness of the National Coroners Information System for injury surveillance. She will also negotiate access to NCIS on behalf of the Centre.

BIOSTATISTICAL APPROACHES FOR INJURY DATA

CENTRE INVESTIGATORS Caroline Finch COLLABORATORS William Dunsmuir (School of Mathematics, UNSW) FUNDING 2004-2007, NSW Health SUMMARY Our second Biostatistical Officer (Sanja Lujic) commenced her placement with the Centre in February. Sanja assessed the quality of the linkage hospitalisation separations with police crash records in terms of the matching rate and identifying groups that did/did not match well. Robin Turner has commenced as Biostatistical officer for a 12 month placement in September. Her work is focussing on developing methodologies to analyse spatio-temporal count data, with examples drawn from hip fractures in older people. “Sanja assessed the quality of linkage hospitalisation separations with police crash records

in terms of the matching rate and identifying groups that did/did not match well. ” 33 IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005

SHORT COURSE

In 2005, the IRMRC delivered an innovative course on injury prevention focusing on a broad multidisciplinary approach to risk Teaching and Seminar management. The objective of the course was to explore concepts in injury risk management with particular emphasis on understanding how injury occurs and how injury differs from other public health problems. The course covered:

> What is injury? The size of the problems and different ways of counting injury. > Introduction to the concepts of risk, risk assessment and risk management. Quality and safety, hazards and risks and the role of risk perception. > Theories and approaches to injury causation. Public health, road safety and risk management theories of injury causation. > Injury surveillance including sources of injury data, injury coding and SEMINAR classification and introduces ICD coding Dr Wendy Watson - Monash University of injury mechanism, nature and agency Accident Research Centre, November as well as the limitations of population 2005 "Are population-based burden of databases. injury measures valid for priority setting?" > Approaches to injury prevention policy and intervention and the role of Wendy completed her PhD on an regulation. investigation into population-based > Introduction to human factors and injury. measures of health status or health- related quality of life to establish whether > Injury risk management in the real world. current measures have concurrent and predictive validity when used to measure The course was conducted over five the burden of injury. She presented the consecutive days in July and 14 students methodology and results of her work to were enrolled in it. The course is university the IRMRC staff and invited guests. accredited, counting as six units of credit towards postgraduate qualifications. It was also offered as a non-award programme for non-UNSW students.

34 Translating Research into Policy and Practice DR REBECCA MITCHELL > Attended the National Coronial th GOVERNMENT AND POLICY FORUMS Information Advisory Group meeting on 9 ATTENDED June 2005. > Attended NSW Child and Adolescent PROF CAROLINE FINCH Injury Prevention Symposium 2005, Parliament House, 29th November 2005. > Attended Injury Futures Planning Forum on 14th March 2005. > Attended the Elderly Falls Forum meeting MARY POTTER FORBES on 4th May 2005. > Attended the Injury Futures Planning Forum on 14th March 2005. A/PROF ANN WILLIAMSON > Attended the Social Determinants of Health Futures Planning Forum on 14th > Ran workshop for Performance Measure March 2005. Task group of the NSW Mine Safety Advisory Committee meeting on 21st > Attended Productivity Commission Forum February, 6th May and 19th October 2005. on research issues relevant to the Review of Australian Consumer Product Safety > Attended Injury Futures Planning Forum System, Canberra, 14th October 2005. on 14th March 2005. > Attended the Child Fatalities and Injuries in Driveways Project Steering Committee INVITED PRESENTATIONS AT POLICY Meeting on 19th May 2005. FORUMS > Attended meeting at MAA on development PROF CAROLINE FINCH of Child Safety Strategy on 13th October 2005. > The Injury Risk Management Research Centre: its role in injury prevention > Attended Productivity Commission Forum leadership. NSW Injury Prevention on research issues relevant to the Review Network Meeting, 17-18th March 2005. of Australian Consumer Product Safety (Invited talk) System, Canberra, 14th October 2005. > A system approach to Child and > Attended workshop on development of Adolescent Injury Prevention. NSW Child child road safety policy for MAA on 23rd and Adolescent Injury Prevention November 2005. Symposium 2005, Parliament House, 29th

Prof Caroline Finch, Letter to Editor, Medical Journal of Australia, 15th August 2005 Australia, 15th Medical Journal of Prof Caroline Finch, Letter to Editor, November 2005. (Invited talk) ANNALIESE DOWLING > Attended the Elderly Falls Forum meeting on 4th May 2005. > Attended the 4th ANZAC Research Institute Symposium on Ageing-Nucleic Aids to National Policy on 4th November 2005.

DR ANDREW HAYEN > Attended the Injury Futures Planning Forum on 14th March 2005. “It is time for the health sector to properly recognise child injury as a critical issue

Injury Futures Planning Project Forum, UNSW, 14th March 2005 ongoing health of Australian children and to formally commit appropriate preventive actions” ongoing health of 35 IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005

A/PROF ANN WILLIAMSON > Payment by results, fatigue and drug use in the long distance road transport industry. Changing industries, Industrial Relations, Occupational Safety and Health and the Role of Work Organisation and Economic Competition at Labor and Employment Relations Associations Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, USA, 6-8th January 2005. (Invited talk) > Introduction to injury risk management. NSW Injury Prevention Network Meeting, NSW Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention Symposium 2005, 17-18th March 2005. (Invited talk) Parliament House, 29th November 2005 > Injury monitoring and prevention: Road safety research at the IRMRC. NSW Injury DR ANDREW HAYEN Prevention Network Meeting, 17-18th > Injury hospitalisation in NSW: a fourth March 2005. (Invited talk) injury profile for NSW. NSW Injury > Why are we worrying about young Prevention Network Meeting, 17-18th drivers? Launch of XRoads, a road safety March 2005. (Invited talk) advertisement for young drivers developed > A statistical overview to Child and by Bankstown Team Phoenix, Youth Adolescent Injury Prevention. NSW Child Advisory Group, 14th November 2005. and Adolescent Injury Prevention (Invited talk) Symposium 2005, Parliament House, 29th November 2005. (Invited talk) SOUFIANE BOUFOUS > Data linkage of road and Hospital data: Translating Research into Policy and Practice DR ANDREW MARICH what does it tell us? NSW Injury > The Triage Injury Surveillance Project. Prevention Network Meeting, 17-18th NSW Injury Prevention Network Meeting, March 2005. (Invited talk) 17-18th March 2005. (Invited talk)

DR JULIE HATFIELD DR SHAUNA SHERKER > Project for safer people and safer roads. > Slippery slopes: injury risk perceptions of NSW Injury Prevention Network Meeting, skiers and snowboarders regarding alcohol, 17-18th March 2005. (Invited talk) fatigue and drug use. NSW Injury Prevention Network Meeting, 17-18th March 2005. (Invited talk)

STAFF MEMBERSHIP OF COMMITTEES, PANELS AND WORKING PARTIES

PROF CAROLINE FINCH > Deputy Convenor, NSW Child Death Review Team. > Chair, 2006 AIPN Conference Organising Committee. > Member of International Scientific Conference Committee, 8th World Conference on Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion, Durban, South Africa, 36 2nd-5th April 2006. Other research project streams - > Member, Research Management Committee, Faculty of Science, UNSW. > Member, Cross Faculty Marketing Group, Faculty of Science, UNSW. A/PROF ANN WILLIAMSON > Member, Associate Professor Promotion Committee for Australian Defence Forces MARIA ROMITI Academy. > Student representative of the Australian > Member, National Rail Industry Reference Injury Prevention Network Executive group on fatigue. Committee. > Member, Performance Measures Taskgroup for NSW Mine Safety Advisory DR SHAUNA SHERKER Committee. > SMA (NSW) Board of Directors. > Member, Farm Machinery Safety > Member, AIPN Conference Scientific Reference group. Committee. Epidemiology and Injury Surveillance > Member, Expert Roundtable, Review of the > NSW IRMRC representative for the UNSW Australian Consumer Product Safety Faculty Management Research Committee System - Incidence and Cost of Consumer (Science) (until August 2005). Product Injury. > Chair, UNSW Human Research Ethics Advisory Panel-Social/Health Research LETTERS/EDITORIALS/OTHER ARTICLES

DR JULIE HATFIELD Finch C. A picture of Australia's children. > Member, NSW Road Safety Task Force. Medical Journal of Australia. 2005; 183(4): 223. > Member, AIPN Conference Organising Committee. Finch C. Why good science is synonymous with quality and integrity. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 2005; 8(4): iv-vi. DR ANDREW HAYEN Finch C. Taking the JSMS to 2005 and beyond > Member, AIPN Conference Scientific - our performance and some key changes to Committee. the editorial process. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. 2005; 8(1): iv-v. DR ANDREW MARICH Finch C. Informing public policy: the role of > NSW Public Health Officer Training the Journal. Journal of Science and Medicine program - Trainee representative. in Sport. 2005; 8(3): iv. > Australasian Faculty of Public Health Finch C. JSAMS-Moving On. Sports Health. Medicine - Public Health Officer Trainee 2005; 23(3):23 representative. Finch C. The Journal of Science and Medicine

A/Prof Ann Williamson, Alarm at low use of helmets by cyclist, The Sun Herald, 6th February 2005 Ann Williamson, A/Prof in Sport is to enter fully into the electronic age! Journal of Science and Medicine in REBECCA MITCHELL Sport. 2005; 8(3): vi.

“Helmet use needs to be encouraged“ > Chair, Scientific Committee, 2006 Laptops in the workplace. OHS National Playground Safety Conference. Mitchell R. Alert. 2005; 6: 4-6. > Member, Scientific Committee, Human Defining cricket injury. Factors and Ergonomics Society of Mitchell R, Hayen A. British Journal of Sports Medicine Australia 2006 Conference. . (electronic letter. October 2005) > National General Secretary and Board Defining cricket injury. Member, Human Factors and Ergonomics Mitchell R, Hayen A. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. Society of Australia. 2005; 8(3): 357-359 > Member, National Coronial Information Are current Advisory Group. Sherker S, Ozanne-Smith J. playground safety standards adequate for preventing arm fractures? Medical Journal of MARY POTTER FORBES Australia. 2005; 182(1): 47. > Member, Expert Roundtable, Review of the Australian Consumer Product Safety System - Incidence and Cost of Consumer Product Injury, Productivity Commission. 37 IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005 MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING

The NSW Injury Risk Management Research PROFESSOR IAN CAMERON Rehabilitation Centre and Youthsafe have signed a Studies Memorandum of Understanding on 19th MS MARGARET CAVANAGH Kidsafe October 2005. DR JACQUELINE CLOSE Prince of Wales Medical Research Institute A/PROFESSOR JEAN CROSS School of Safety Science, UNSW LIST OF MAJOR COLLABORATORS DR LESLEY DAY Monash University Accidents Research Centre MR ALEX DONALDSON Northern Area During 2005, the Centre had major research Health Services collaborations with a number of people DR TIM DRISCOLL School of Public Health, across UNSW and external to it. University of Sydney

MS KRISTY ABBOTT Youthsafe PROFESSOR WILLIAM DUNSMUIR School of Mathematics, UNSW PROFESSOR PETER ABELSON Macquarie University MR DAVID EAGER Faculty of Engineering, List of Major Collaborators University of Technology Sydney A/PROFESSOR LYNNE BILSTON Prince of Wales Medical Research Institute, UNSW DR ROCHELLE EIME School of Human Movement and Sport Science, University of A/PROF DEBORAH BLACK School of Public Ballarat Health and Community Medicine, UNSW PROFESSOR BRUCE ELLIOTT School of PROFESSOR PHILIP BOHLE School of Human Movement and Exercise Science, Organisation and Management, UNSW University of Western Australia DR ROB BRANDER School of Biological, DR ANNE-MARIE FEYER Pricewaterhouse Earth and Environmental Sciences, UNSW Coopers/NEOH, University of Otago MS JULIE BROWN Prince of Wales Medical PROFESSOR IAN FORBES, Group for Health Research Institute, UNSW Architecture and Planning (GHAAP), Faculty of the Built Environment, University of Technology Sydney (UTS) DR BELINDA GABBE Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University MR MAX HEALEY Safety Science Associates DR REBECCA IVERS The George Institute for International Health PROFESSOR JIM KEHOE School of Psychology, UNSW DR TIM LAMBERT School of Computer Science and Engineering, UNSW DR DAVID LLOYD School of Human Movement and Exercise Science, University of Western Australia A/PROFESSOR STEPHEN LORD Prince of

Signing of the MOU between Youthsafe and IRMRC on 19th October 2005 Wales Medical Research Institute DR ANDREW MCINTOSH School of Safety Science, UNSW PROFESSOR ROBYN NORTON George Institute of International Health, University of Sydney A/PROFESSOR LEONIE OTAGO School of Human Movement and Sport Science, University of Ballarat 38 List of Major Collaborators

DR ROSLYN POULOS School of Public Health and Community Medicine, UNSW PROFESSOR MICHAEL QUINLAN School of Organisation and Management, UNSW DR DANIEL RAMP School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Science, UNSW A/PROFESSOR JAN RITCHIE School of Public Health and Community Medicine, UNSW

IRMRC Staff meeting with Prof Joseph Lai and his team member at ADFA, Canberra on 15th September 2005

DR ALISON RUTHERFORD School of Public VISITORS TO THE CENTRES Health and Community Medicine, UNSW DR STEPHEN SHORROCK School of MRS MARION BURGESS Australia Defence Aviation, UNSW Force Academy MS REBECCA STELLATO RIVM, Bilthoven, DR TONY CARTER School of Public Health Netherlands and Tropical Medicine, James Cook University PROFESSOR MARK STEVENSON George DR LESLEY DAY Monash University Accident Institute of International Health, University of Research Centre Sydney MR ROBERT FITZGERALD Productivity DR DAINA STURNIEKS Prince of Wales Commission Medical Research Institute DR RAPHAEL GRZEBIETA Department of DR IRENE VAN KAMP RIVM, Bilthoven, Civil Engineering, Monash University Netherlands MR MLADEN KOVAC WorkCover, NSW PROFESSOR BILL WALSH Department of PROF JOHN LANGLEY Injury Prevention Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital Research Unit, University of Otago, Dunedin, PROFESSOR ANTHONY ZWI School of New Zealand Public Health and Community Medicine, A/PROF REINHOLD MULLER School of UNSW Public Health and Tropical Medical, James DR KAREN ZWI Sydney Children's Hospital “the Centre had major research collaborations with a number of people across “the Centre had major research Cook University DR WENDY WATSON Monash University Accident Research Centre UNSW and external to it. ”

39 IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005

PUBLICATIONS All IRMRC authors are listed in bold in the following lists

PEER-REVIEW JOURNAL PAPERS Boufous S, Finch C. Epidemiology of scalds Gabbe BJ, Finch CF, Cameron PA, Williamson in vulnerable groups in New South Wales, OD. Incidence of serious injury and death

Publications Australia, 1998/1999 to 2002/2003. Journal during sport and activities in Victoria, of Burn, Care and Rehabilitation. 2005; Australia. British Journal of Sports Medicine. 26(4): 320-326. 2005; 39: 573-577. Boufous S, Finch C. Estimating the incidence Mitchell R, Boufous S. Self reported work- of hospitalised injurious falls: impact of related injury in NSW. Journal of varying case definitions. Injury Prevention. Occupational Health and Safety. 2005; 2005; 11; 334-336. 21(3): 229-236. Boufous S, Finch C, Lord S, Close J. The Rae K, Britt H, Orchard J, Finch C. Classifying increasing burden of pelvic fractures in sports medicine diagnoses: A comparison of older people, New South Wales, Australia. the International Classification of Diseases Injury. 2005; 36: 1323-1329. (ICD-10-AM) and the Orchard Sports Injury Cameron A, Gabbe B, McNeil J, Finch C, Classification System (OSICS). British Journal Smith K, Cooper J, Judson R, Wissman T. of Sports Medicine. 2005; 39: 907-911. The trauma registry as a state wide quality Saddik B, Williamson A, Nuyahid I, Black D. improvement tool. Journal of Trauma. 2005; The effects of solvent exposure on memory 59(6): 1469-1476. and motor dexterity in working children. Dennis R, Finch C, Farhart PJ. Is bowling Public Health Reports. 2005; 120(6): 657- workload a risk factor for injury to 664. Australian junior cricket fast bowlers? British Sherker S, Ozanne-Smith J, Rechitzer G, Journal of Sports Medicine. 2005; 39: 843- Grzebieta R. Out on a limb: risk factors for 846. arm fracture in playground equipment falls. Driscoll T, Marsh S, McNoe B, Langley J, Injury Prevention. 2005; 11: 120-124. Stout N, Feyer A-M, Williamson A. Sherker S, Short A, Ozanne-Smith J. The in- Comparison of fatalities from work related situ performance of playground surfacing: motor vehicle traffic incidents in Australia, implications for maintenance and injury New Zealand, and United States. Injury prevention. International Journal Injury Prevention. 2005; 11: 294-299. Control and Safety Promotion. 2005; 12(1): Eime R, Finch C, Owen N, McCarty C. Do 63-66. squash players accurately report use of Taylor D, Bennett D, Carter M, Gareval D, appropriate protective eyewear? Journal of Finch C. Perceptions of surfboard riders Science and Medicine in Sport. 2005; 8(3): regarding the need for protective headgear. 352-356. Wilderness and Environmental Medicine. Eime R, Finch C, Wolfe R, Owen N, McCarty 2005; 16: 75-80. N. The effectiveness of a squash eyewear Valuri G, Stevenson M, Finch C, Hamer P, promotion strategy. British Journal of Sports Elliott B. The validity of a four week self- Medicine. 2005; 39: 681-685. recall of sports injuries. Injury Prevention. Eime R, McCarty C, Finch C, Owen N. 2005; 11:135-137. Unprotected eyes in squash: not seeing the Watson L, Balster SM, Finch C, Dalziel R. risk of injury. Journal of Science and Measurement of scapula upward rotation: a Medicine in Sport. 2005; 8(1): 92-100. reliable clinical procedure. British Journal of Finch C, Braham R, McIntosh A, McCrory P, Sports Medicine. 2005; 39: 599-603. Wolfe R. Should football players wear Williamson A. Fatigue and coping with driver custom fitted mouthguards? Results from a distraction. Journal of the Australasian randomised controlled trial. Injury College of Road Safety. 2005: 19-21. Prevention. 2005; 11: 242-246. Gabbe B, Finch C, Bennell K, Wajswelener RESEARCH REPORTS H. Risk factors for hamstring injuries in Finch C, Mahoney M, Babic Z, Townsend M, community-level Australian football. British Otago L. Fostering the delivery of safe Journal of Sports Medicine. 2005; 39: 106- physical activity environments: The role of 110. risk management plans. Victorian 40 Department of Human Services. December 2005. Publications

Hatfield J. Literature review regarding the 22nd-26th June 2005. British Journal of effects of advertising instalments on road Sports Medicine. 2005; 39(6):376-377. safety. Report to the Roads and Traffic Cameron P, Gabbe B, Finch C, Williamson O. Authority of NSW. 2005 The incidence of serious injury and death Hatfield J, Chamberlain T. The effects of in- during sport and recreation activities in vehicle audiovisual display units on Victoria, Australia. 1st World Congress on simulated driving. Report to the Roads and Sports Injury Prevention, Oslo, Norway, Traffic Authority of NSW. 2005. 22nd-26th June 2005. British Journal of Hatfield J, Job RFS, Hesketh B, Joung W. The Sports Medicine. 2005; 39(6):378. development of messages and experiences Eime R, Finch C, Wolfe R, Owen N, McCarty to reduce road-related illusory C. A controlled evaluation of a squash invulnerability and risky driving, for young eyewear promotion strategy. 2005 Australian drivers. Report to the Motor Accidents Conference of Science and Medicine in Authority. 2005. Sport, Melbourne, 13-16th October 2005. Hatfield J, Murphy S, Kasparian N, Job RFS. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. Risk perceptions, attitudes and behaviours 8(4):221 regarding driver fatigue in NSW youth: The Gabbe BJ, Finch CF, Bennell KL, Wajswelner developmental of an evidence-based driver H, Orchard JW. Risk factors for hamstring fatigue educational intervention strategy. injuries in Australian football. 1st World Report to the Motor Accidents Authority. Congress on Sports Injury Prevention, Oslo, 2005. Norway, 22nd-26th June 2005. British Journal McIntosh A, McCrory P, Finch C, Best J, of Sports Medicine. 2005; 39(6):385. Chalmers D. Rugby headgear study. School McManus A, Stevenson M, Finch C. Time- of Safety Science, UNSW. 2005. motion analysis: non-elite Australian football. Potter Forbes M, Abelson P, Driscoll T. The 2005 Australian Conference of Science and cost of work related injury and illness in Medicine in Sport, Melbourne, 13-16th New South Wales 2000-2001. Report to the October 2005. Journal of Science and NSW Workcover Authority. 2005. Medicine in Sport. 2005; 8(4):67. McManus A, Stevenson M, Finch C. Time- CONFERENCE ABSTRACTS motion analysis: non-elite field hockey. 2005 Abbott K, Klarenaar P, Sherker S, Donaldson Australian Conference of Science and A, Cross G. Measuring the success of "Safe Medicine in Sport, Melbourne, 13-16th Club": Can risk management training October 2005. Journal of Science and improve community sports safety? 2005 Medicine in Sport. 2005; 8(4):68. Australian Conference of Science and McManus A, Stevenson M, Finch C. Time- Medicine in Sport, Melbourne, 13-16th motion analysis: non-elite netball. 2005 October 2005. Journal of Science and Australian Conference of Science and Medicine in Sport. 2005; 8(4): 221. Medicine in Sport, Melbourne, 13-16th Boufous S. Determining incident cases for October 2005. Journal of Science and hospitalised injurious falls in older people: a Medicine in Sport. 2005; 8(4):68. data linkage study. School of Public Health Otago L, Garnham J, Reynolds M, Spittle M, and Community Medicine postgraduate Payne W, Finch C, Maher S. Parental research student conference, 9th September perceptions of sports injury risk. 2005 2005. SPHCM Postgraduate Research Australian Conference of Science and Student Conference Program and Abstracts Medicine in Sport, Melbourne, 13-16th p.38. October 2005. Journal of Science and Braham R, Finch C, McIntosh A, McCrory P. Medicine in Sport. 2005; 8(4):205. Community football players' attitude Romiti M, Finch C, Gabbe B. The Junior towards protective equipment. 1st World Australian Football Safety Study (JAFSS): Congress on Sports Injury Prevention, Oslo, injury patterns and future suggestions for Norway, 22nd-26th June 2005. British injury prevention. 2005 Australian Journal of Sports Medicine. 2005; Conference of Science and Medicine in 39(6):376. Sport, Melbourne, 13-16th October 2005. Braham R, Zazryn T, Finch C. Challenges of Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport. conducting sports injury research at 2005; 8(4):220. community level. 1st World Congress on Sports Injury Prevention, Oslo, Norway, 41 IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005 PRESENTATIONS

IRMRC co-authors listed in bold

CONFERENCES

PROF CAROLINE FINCH A/PROF ANN WILLIAMSON Finch C. Research methods in sports injury Williamson A. Payment by results, fatigue and prevention. 1st World Congress on Sports drug use in the long distance road Injury Prevention, Oslo, Norway, 22nd-26th transport industry. Changing Industries,

Presentations June 2005. (Invited keynote address) Industrial Relations, Occupational Safety Finch C. Community sports injury prevention. and Health, and the Role of Work 1st World Congress on Sports Injury Organisation and Economic Competition at Prevention, Oslo, Norway, 22nd-26th June Labor and Employment Relations 2005. (Invited talk) Association Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, 6-8th January 2005. (Invited talk) Finch C. Surveillance in different populations. 1st World Congress on Sports Injury Williamson A. Fatigue and quality of life in Prevention, Oslo, Norway, 22nd-26th June the long distance road transport industry. 2005. (Invited talk) Maximising Safety, Efficiency and Quality of Life: Linking the work and off-work Finch C. Injury prevention at the community conditions for transportation workers level. 1st World Congress on Sports Injury through the application of behavioural Prevention, Oslo, Norway, 22nd-26th June science, Transportation Research Board 2005. (Invited Chair) 84th Annual Meeting, Washington DC, 9- Finch C. Methodology of sport injury 13th January 2005. (Invited talk) registration: What are the key pieces of the Williamson A. Payment by results, fatigue and puzzle? 1st World Congress on Sports drug use in the long distance road Injury Prevention, Oslo, Norway, 22nd-26th transport industry. Health and Safety Effects June 2005. (Invited Co-Chair) of Intense Competition on Transport Finch C. What are the potential problems in Workers, Transportation Research Board st introducing protective equipment?. 1 84th Annual Meeting, Washington DC, 9- World Congress on Sports Injury 13th January 2005. (Invited talk) Prevention, Oslo, Norway, 22nd-26th June Williamson A. Analysis of the causes of 2005. (Invited talk) reportable incidents in the mining industry. Finch C. The interface between sports injury Fourth National OHS Regulatory Research th prevention and public health. The 10 Colloquium, Canberra, 9-10th February Annual Stampede Sport Medicine 2005. (Proferred paper) Conference, University of Calgary, Williamson A. Drug use and incentive Canada, 9th July 2005. (Invited talk) payments for truck drivers. Fourth National OHS Regulatory Research Colloquium, Canberra, 9-10th February 2005. (Proferred paper) Williamson A. Fatigue and coping with driver distraction. International conference on Driver Distraction, Sydney, 2-3rd June 2005. (Invited talk) Williamson A. The role of the human factor in mine safety. Annual Mine Safety Seminar for NSW Inspectors of mines, 1st August 2005. (Invited talk) Williamson A. Fatigue in transportation. 2005 International Conference on Fatigue Management in Transportation Operations, Seattle, USA, 11-15th September 2005. (Invited panellist)

42 1st World Congress on Sports Injury Prevention, Oslo, Norway, 22nd-26th June 2005 Presentations Williamson A. A data-matching study of the role of fatigue in work-related crashes. 2005 International Conference on Fatigue Management in Transportation Operations, Seattle, USA, 11-15th September 2005. (Proferred paper) MARY POTTER FORBES Williamson A. Developing effective measures Potter Forbes M. Multi-method approach to of fatigue for use in the real-world. 2005 quality and safety in patient care: the International Conference on Fatigue components of a comprehensive clinical Management in Transportation risk management system in health care. 6th Operations, Seattle, USA, 11-15th Annual meeting of the Japanese Society for September 2005. (Proferred paper) Clinical Pathways, Nigata, Japan, 2nd Williamson A. Using self-report measures in December 2005 (Invited keynote address) occupational and environmental health: can they be trusted? 9th International Conference on Neurobehavioural Methods and Effects in Occupational Health, 28th September 2005. (Invited keynote address)

SOUFIANE BOUFOUS Boufous S. Determining incident cases for hospitalised injurious falls in older people: a data linkage study. SPHCM postgraduate research student conference, 9th September 2005. (Proferred paper)

REBECCA DENNIS Dennis R. Bowling workload as a risk factor for injury to elite cricket fast bowlers. Cricket Australia Sports Science Medicine Forum, Brisbane, 4-5th April 2005. (Invited talk)

RENA FRISWELL 6th Annual Meeing of the Japanese Society of Clinical Friswell R. Evaluating fatigue management Pathways, Nigata, Japan, 2nd December 2005 strategies for long distance road transport. 2005 International Conference on Fatigue MARIA ROMITI Management in Transportation Romiti M. The Junior Australian Football Safety th Operations, Seattle, USA, 11-15 Study (JAFSS): injury patterns and future September 2005. (Proferred paper) suggestions for injury prevention. 2005 Australian Conference of Science and th Prof Caroline Finch - Editorial Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, September 2005 DR JULIE HATFIELD Medicine in Sport, Melbourne, 13-16 Hatfield J. Noise sensitivity: background and October 2005. (Proferred paper) proposal for laboratory study. A meeting of noise experts, Utrechts, Netherlands, DR SHAUNA SHERKER 20th April 2005. (Invited talk) Sherker S. Drunk, drowsy, doped: Injury risk Hatfield J. Transparent communication of perceptions of skiers and snowboarders noise information. RIVM (National Institute regarding alcohol fatigue and drug use. of Public Health and the Environment, Sports Medicine Australia-NSW Conference Netherlands), Bilthoven, Netherlands, 21st of Science and Medicine in Sport, Sydney, “sports injuries are....a major public health burden” April 2005. (Invited talk) 30th April 2005. (Invited talk) Hatfield J. Transparent communication of Sherker S. Slippery slopes: injury risk noise information. Ministry for Housing perceptions of skiers and snowboarders in Spatial Planning and the Environmental relation to fatigue, alcohol and drug use. office, Den Haag, Netherlands, 27th April 2005 Australian Conference of Science and 2005. (Invited talk) Medicine in Sport, Melbourne, 13-16th October 2005. (Proferred paper) 43 IRMRC ANNUAL Report 2005 REBECCA DENNIS > Establishing a national tracking system for fast bowlers. Cricket Australia National Pace Bowling Program meeting, Brisbane, 6th April 2005. (Invited talk) OTHER PRESENTATIONS > Research into practice: Workload as a risk factor for injury to cricket fast bowlers - PROF CAROLINE FINCH information for coaches. Level 3 Coaching > Sports Injury in Australia. Direction de la Course, Australian Institute of Sport, 31st promotion de la securite, Ministere de July 2005. (Invited talk) l'Education, du Loisir et du Sport, Trois- th Rivieres, Quebec, 12 April 2005. (Invited DR JULIE HATFIELD talk) > Engineering in practice and research > Should we be concerned for the safety of relating to risky driving. Research our children in sport? Direction de la Workshop, Managing Injury Risk-The Role promotion de la securite, Ministere de of Engineering, 22nd July 2005. (Invited l'Education, du Loisir et du Sport, Trois- talk) Rivieres, Quebec, 12th April 2005. (Invited talk) > The NSW Injury Risk Management DR ANDREW HAYEN Research Centre. National Public Health > Logistic regression. Odds ratio workshop, Institute of Quebec, Montreal, 20th April UNSW, 14th September 2005. (Invited talk) 2005. (Invited talk) > Data linkage. Presentation at Motor > Protective equipment and sports - Accidents Authority, 20th October 2005. perceived injury risk and safety (Invited talk) behaviours. Clinical Research Rounds, Montreal Children's Hospital, 22nd April Further Presentations and Lectures LECTURES 2005. (Invited talk) > The NSW Injury Risk Management A/PROF ANN WILLIAMSON Research Centre. Public Health Agency of > Introduction to human factors and injury Canada, Ottawa, 22nd April 2005. (Invited behavioural aspects. NSW IRMRC Short talk) Course, 14th July 2005. > The Injury Risk Management Research Centre. Injury Prevention Research Unit, SOUFIANE BOUFOUS Otago University, Dunedin, 6th October > Injury Surveillance. NSW IRMRC Short 2005. (Invited talk) Course, 12th July 2005. > A new framework for research leading to sports injury prevention. Injury Prevention ANNALIESE DOWLING Research Unit, Otago University, > Falls in the older people. NSW IRMRC th Dunedin, 6 October 2005. (Invited talk) Short Course, 13th July 2005.

A/PROF ANN WILLIAMSON DR ANDREW HAYEN > Human factors. Master of Occupational > Injury surveillance and documenting the Psychology, Macquarie University, 8th May burden of injury in NSW. University of 2005. (Invited talk) Sydney, Master of Public Health Lecture, 27th May 2005. > Fatigue, arousal and performance: Current theory and implications for practice. > Documenting the burden of injury in NSW. th Jocelyn Wales Seminar series, James Cook NSW IRMRC Short Course, 14 July 2005. University, Cairns, 29th May 2005. (Invited talk) DR SHAUNA SHERKER > Injury risk management in the real world - SOUFIANE BOUFOUS Practical exercise in playground injury prevention. NSW IRMRC Short Course, 14th > Epidemiology of Falls. Elderly Falls Forum July 2005. meeting, 4th May 2005 (Invited talk) > Data linkage. Presentation at Motor Accidents Authority, 20th October 2005. (Invited talk) 44 Awards

AWARDS

In 2005, IRMRC staff received the following awards:

PROF CAROLINE FINCH > Visiting Lecturer Award from the Alberta Heritage Foundation for Medical Research, June 2005. > NSW Sporting Injuries Committee Award for Best Young Investigator (Co-author): Injury Prevention. 2005 Australian Conference of Science and Medicine in Sport, Melbourne, 13-16th October 2005: Eime R, Finch C, Wolfe R, Owen N, McCarty N. A controlled evaluation of a squash eyewear promotion strategy.

SOUFIANE BOUFOUS > UNSW Bookshop Award for Excellence in Research - Research Student.

DR JULIE HATFIELD > Visiting Scholar Bursary from the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research > Visiting Scholar Bursary from the National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Netherlands.

DR SHAUNA SHERKER > 2004 Mollie Holman Doctorate medal for outstanding PhD thesis, Monash University.

NSW Sporting Injuries Committee Award for Best Young Investigator Young for Best Award NSW Sporting Injuries Committee > NHMRC Public Health Research Fellowship for 2005-2008. UNSW Bookshop Award for Excellence in Research - Research Student - Research for Excellence in Research Award UNSW Bookshop Mollie Holman Doctorate Medal for Outstanding PhD Thesis, Monash University

Shauna - 2004 Mollie Holman Doctorate medal award at Monash University.

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