DOCSLIB.ORG

DRS ASSISTING UMPIRE USING COMPUTER VISION Ms

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
DRS ASSISTING UMPIRE USING COMPUTER VISION Ms International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology, 2021 Vol. 5, Issue 11, ISSN No. 2455-2143, Pages 262-266 Published Online March 2021 in IJEAST (http://www.ijeast.com) DRS ASSISTING UMPIRE USING COMPUTER VISION Ms. Kajal Shirke, Ms. Varsha Warise, Ms. Pooja Waykule Student, Information Technology Engineering, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Engineering, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Prof. S.N. Mhatre Assistant Professor, Dept. of Information Technology, Bharati Vidyapeeth College of Engineering, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India Abstract - A fair decision is crucial in any of the game to give of the decisions. If this can be achieved with the help of technology, justice to the game. Any wrong decision due to human then the game will be more fair and enjoyable. Previously proposed misperception may fate the result of the game. Computer vision researches regarding this field have tried to solve the problem, but and Image processing techniques have been mentioned in the these are infeasible, costly and prone to error because of the usage of literature review which used multiple cameras for sensors on field and bowlers. On the other hand, we have proposed demonstration. This paper focuses on a system which helps in computer vision based approach in this paper which does not need making the decisions to assist the umpire in taking the extra infrastructure because it will get video feed from broadcasting decisions such as no-ball, LBW i.e. Leg before wicket, Run out, cameras. Our proposed method is expected to perform better and low stump out, etc with the help of smartphone camera of good cost in operating due to no infield sensor and other devices. quality. The Decision review system (DRS) aims to give decisions like The remaining portion of the paper is organized as Section II run-out and stump-out. Tkinter is used to develop the GUI of includes brief picture about the Related Work and Proposed system. DRS. Object classification and object recognition is Section III includes Working methodology and Implementation. implemented using Histogram of Gradients (HOG) and Section IV includes Results which discuss briefly about the the Support Vector Machine (SVM). To detect the cricket ball decisions got from using the various computer vision algorithms. from the video we optimized and used frame subtraction, Finally, Section V includes conclusion and future scope that lay contour detection and minimum enclosing circle algorithms down the outcomes of proposed work. using OpenCV library. Linear regression and quadratic regression are used to track and predict the motion of the ball Section II from video source. VPython is used for the visual representation. II. LITERATURE SURVEY Section I 2.1 Related work In the past few technologies was developed, one of the prominent I. INTRODUCTION ones being “Application of Computer Vision in Cricket: Foot 1.1 Background: Overstep No-ball Detection” proposed by AZM Ehtesham Chowdhury, Md Shamsur Rahim, Md Asif Ur Rahman [2] where [1] In every cricket match, umpires are responsible for deciding image subtraction is used and this system works on only the bowler’s the approval of a ball bowled by a bowler. There are many front foot and bowling end popping crease. scenarios when a delivery is disapproved by umpires. Decisions like LBW, no ball, run out and stump out requires some minutes “Cricket umpire assistance and ball tracking system using a single in certain cases using television replay. So umpires make their smartphone camera” by Udit Arora, Sohit Verma, Sarthak Sahni, and decisions on their perception, but human perception cannot be Tushar Sharma [3] proposed a system that involved computer vision accurate all the time. Besides, it is not always possible to algorithms to detect, identify and track the cricket ball and machine conclude the accurate judgment because of the limitations of learning techniques to optimize and further predict various results and existing technology and this creates mass confusion and debates decisions. among the viewers and cricket lovers. The on-field umpire at the bowler’s end signals a square mime of a TV screen to prompt the In another research paper, B.L.Velammal, P. Anandha Kumar third umpire to review the decision. The third umpire initially proposed “An Efficient Ball Detection Framework for Cricket” [4]. In checks if it’s a legal delivery before proceeding to watch the that non-ball objects and ball objects are identified. Region Growing replays to make an lbw or other decisions. segmentation is chosen for segmentation. After performing segmentation, the ball and non-ball objects are differentiate based on 1.2 Aim and Objective: shape properties. The non-ball objects are eliminated and resulting It is necessary to eradicate the debate to increase the acceptability frames consists of only ball object. The ball objects are used further to 262 International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology, 2021 Vol. 5, Issue 11, ISSN No. 2455-2143, Pages 262-266 Published Online March 2021 in IJEAST (http://www.ijeast.com) detect the ball. “Implementation of Augmented Reality in Cricket for Ball Tracking and Automated Decision Making for No ball” by Nikhil Batra, Harsh Gupta, Nakul Yadav, Anshika Gupta, Amita Yadav [5] proposed a system that determines whether a ball is a no-ball or wide ball. The system applies different techniques like canny edge detector, Hough line transform algorithms, Douglas Peucker algorithm contour. No More Third Umpires” by Alex Joseph, Alistar Fernandez, Jasir Ahamed P.A., Treesa Joseph [6] proposed a system that uses image and video processing techniques, which automates the role of the third umpire. 2.2 Problem statement In India, everyone is enthusiastic about cricket. Many training academies, competitions, and even though gully cricket restricts Figure 3:Proposed System the use of decision review system for making a decision because of its high cost. Because of that many unfair decision was given 3.1 Ball Detection by the umpire which is not good for both the teams, as a result, many controversies have happened. Our project aims to develop a Frame differencing technique is used to extract frames which further computer system that helps the umpire for making a decision in converted into grayscale. These frames are then used extract HOG cricket at a low cost and can be used at various competitions, features which then fed to SVM model which is built using OpenCV academies and even in gully cricket. SVM library is then used to detect the ball by using frame subtraction method. Positive and negative data samples are collected III. PROPOSED SYSTEM which are also used to extract HOG features. 3.2 Ball Tracking Our project “DRS assisting umpire using computer vision” is implemented using Python and Tkinter. GUI of our project i.e. SVM model is used to detect the exact presence of the ball where DRS gives options to choose from to the user which contains the ball is detected in the particular frame. A separate file is created Stump out, Run out, No ball and LBW decisions. Stump out and to store the coordinates of the ball which are obtains as ‘x’ and ‘y’ Run out can be decided by playing the source video in slow or coordinates. fast motion. Further decisions like LBW and No Ball can be implemented by extracting frames through the source video. Ball 3.3 Batsman Detection and Tracking detection and Batsman height detection is done from the extracted OpenCV ‘s built-in People Detector SVM models are used to detect frames. The detected ball coordinates are further used for ball the batsman from the provided video. The batsman movement is tracking. 3D coordinates are mapped into 3D coordinates and tracked by limiting the search window to the neighborhood of the smoothen using regression techniques. Visualization is first detection which is displayed on the frame. implemented through Vpython which shows results for all these decisions. 3.4 Mapping 2D coordinates to 3D world coordinates The 2D coordinates of the tracked ball which are obtained after series of transformation using Minimum Enclosing Circle algorithm are then mapped into 3D world coordinates according to the cricket pitch dimensions. The z-coordinates i.e. depth is obtained by comparing it with the radius which is obtained at the beginning vs. Obtained at the end of the pitch. It is then scaled the ratio to the length of the pitch. 3.5 3D Visualization of Tracked ball and Cricket Pitch The obtained x,y and z coordinates are used to visualize the objects in 3D using VPython visualization library. For better visualization, linear and quadratic regression is applied over various dimensions. 263 International Journal of Engineering Applied Sciences and Technology, 2021 Vol. 5, Issue 11, ISSN No. 2455-2143, Pages 262-266 Published Online March 2021 in IJEAST (http://www.ijeast.com) batsmen fails to make his ground while running between the Section III wickets, the batsman is determined as a run-out. The batsmen must have something behind the line to be safe except they are on the IV. WORKING METHODOLOGY same side, in that case, the batsman further away from the stumps determines as run-out. A fielder must touch the ball before it hits the We developed a system that helps the third umpire to make a wicket for the run-out to be genuine. If the batsman hits the ball and decision on various calls on the field. it strikes the stumps on the other end while the other side batsman or non-striker is out of the crease and the bowler has touched the ball 4.1 DRS Gui before it hits the wicket then it will be determined as run-out. It Provides facilities to give any decision like No-ball, Stump- out, LBW and Run out.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Playing Conditionsappendices Appendicies
    APNDX 12 12 Appendicies Playing Conditions Appendices 12 12 Appendix 1 Restrictions on the Placement of Fielders APNDX Continuous 23m radius (WNCL, WT20) white line or dot 27.43m radius (One-Day Cup, KFC T20 BBL) 23m radius (WNCL, WBBL) 27.43m radius (One-Day Cup, KFC T20 BBL) Playing Handbook | 2016-17 233 12 Appendix 2 APNDX MBODC & WNCL Bonus Point System (a) 2 bonus points for any team that achieves victory with a run rate 2.00 times that of the opposition. NOTE: For the team batting second to gain 2 bonus points the victory must be achieved by the end of the 25th over (or in a reduced overs match 50% of the reduced number of deliveries, rounded up to the next delivery as required). (b) 1 bonus point for any team that achieves victory with a run rate 1.25 times that of the opposition. NOTE: For the team batting second to gain 1 bonus point, the victory must be achieved by the end of the 40th over (or in a reduced overs match 80% of the reduced number of deliveries, rounded up to the next delivery as required). (c) Where a side is all out, the number of overs to be used is the maximum number of overs that side was otherwise eligible to face. (d) Where matches are shortened and targets revised through the Duckworth/Lewis/Stern system, bonus run rates and bonus defensive targets are derived as a proportion of the revised target score and maximum overs. Team Team Team Batting First Batting Second Bowling Second 1 Bonus Point 2 Bonus Points 1 Bonus Point 2 Bonus Points Run Required Overs Required Overs Required Target Required Target Score
    [Show full text]
  • The Natwest Series 2001
    The NatWest Series 2001 CONTENTS Saturday23June 2 Match review – Australia v England 6 Regulations, umpires & 2002 fixtures 3&4 Final preview – Australia v Pakistan 7 2000 NatWest Series results & One day Final act of a 5 2001 fixtures, results & averages records thrilling series AUSTRALIA and Pakistan are both in superb form as they prepare to bring the curtain down on an eventful tournament having both won their last group games. Pakistan claimed the honours in the dress rehearsal for the final with a memo- rable victory over the world champions in a dramatic day/night encounter at Trent Bridge on Tuesday. The game lived up to its billing right from the onset as Saeed Anwar and Saleem Elahi tore into the Australia attack. Elahi was in particularly impressive form, blast- ing 79 from 91 balls as Pakistan plundered 290 from their 50 overs. But, never wanting to be outdone, the Australians responded in fine style with Adam Gilchrist attacking the Pakistan bowling with equal relish. The wicketkeep- er sensationally raced to his 20th one-day international half-century in just 29 balls on his way to a quick-fire 70. Once Saqlain Mushtaq had ended his 44-ball knock however, skipper Waqar Younis stepped up to take the game by the scruff of the neck. The pace star is bowling as well as he has done in years as his side come to the end of their tour of England and his figures of six for 59 fully deserved the man of the match award and to take his side to victory.
    [Show full text]
  • Indoor Cricket
    Indoor Cricket Administrative Rules and Information I. Prior to the game, players must check-in at the information table with the supervisor or University Recreation Assistant on duty. All University Recreation participants MUST have a Comet Card or the GET app to participate, no exceptions. II. All games will be played on campus unless otherwise mentioned. Check imleagues.com/utdallas for specific location. Teams are expected to report to their court/field 15 minutes before game time. III. NO ALCOHOL, TOBACCO, OR FOOD allowed in UREC facilities. Non-alcoholic beverages are allowed with a secure top. IV. Ejections: Any form of physical combat (pushing, punching, kicking, etc.) at any time during one’s use of the facility while at a University Recreation event is taking place will result in an immediate ejection with further action taken on an individual basis. The officials of each game or any other UREC staff may eject any player or bystander for inappropriate behavior at any time. Ejected players must be out of sight and sound within one minute or a forfeit may be declared. It is the responsibility of the team captain to make sure ejected players leave the area. An ejected player must schedule a meeting with the Assistant Director of Competitive Sports before he/she can play again in ANY intramural event. V. Sportsmanship: All team members, coaches, and spectators are subject to sportsmanship rules as stated in the University Recreation Guidelines. Each team’s sportsmanship (max of 4) will be evaluated by intramural officials, scorekeepers, or supervisors assigned to the game.
    [Show full text]
  • PCB Men's T20 Matches Playing Conditions for Domestic
    PCB Men’s T20 Matches Playing Conditions For Domestic Tournaments 2020/21 (Incorporating the 2017 Code of the MCC Laws of Cricket - 2ndEdition 2019) Effective 3oth September 2020 These Playing conditions shall be read with the PCB Almanac 2019-20 and will apply to all PCB Domestic tournaments with the exclusion of HBL PSL. All matches will be played under the Laws of Cricket 2017 Code (2nd Edition – 2019) and ICC Standard Playing Conditions as adopted hereunder. These Playing Conditions will operate based on the underlying principle that the PCB organized Domestic Tournaments will take precedence over any privately organized league(s) or competition(s). Preamble - The Spirit of Cricket Cricket owes much of its appeal and enjoyment to the fact that it should be played not only according to the Laws (which are incorporated within these Playing Conditions), but also within the Spirit of Cricket. The major responsibility for ensuring fair play rests with the captains, but extends to all players, match officials and, especially in junior cricket, teachers, coaches and parents. Respect is central to the Spirit of Cricket. Respect your captain, team-mates, opponents and the authority of the umpires. Play hard and play fair. Accept the umpire‟s decision. Create a positive atmosphere by your own conduct, and encourage others to do likewise. Show self-discipline, even when things go against you. Congratulate the opposition on their successes, and enjoy those of your own team. Thank the officials and your opposition at the end of the match, whatever the result. Cricket is an exciting game that encourages leadership, friendship and teamwork, which brings together people from different nationalities, cultures and religions, especially when played within the Spirit of Cricket.
    [Show full text]
  • Name – Nitin Kumar Class – 12Th 'B' Roll No. – 9752*** Teacher
    ON Name – Nitin Kumar Class – 12th ‘B’ Roll No. – 9752*** Teacher – Rajender Sir http://www.facebook.com/nitinkumarnik Govt. Boys Sr. Sec. School No. 3 INTRODUCTION Cricket is a bat-and-ball game played between two teams of 11 players on a field, at the centre of which is a rectangular 22-yard long pitch. One team bats, trying to score as many runs as possible while the other team bowls and fields, trying to dismiss the batsmen and thus limit the runs scored by the batting team. A run is scored by the striking batsman hitting the ball with his bat, running to the opposite end of the pitch and touching the crease there without being dismissed. The teams switch between batting and fielding at the end of an innings. In professional cricket the length of a game ranges from 20 overs of six bowling deliveries per side to Test cricket played over five days. The Laws of Cricket are maintained by the International Cricket Council (ICC) and the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) with additional Standard Playing Conditions for Test matches and One Day Internationals. Cricket was first played in southern England in the 16th century. By the end of the 18th century, it had developed into the national sport of England. The expansion of the British Empire led to cricket being played overseas and by the mid-19th century the first international matches were being held. The ICC, the game's governing body, has 10 full members. The game is most popular in Australasia, England, the Indian subcontinent, the West Indies and Southern Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • Playing Conditions Appendices
    11. Playing Conditions Appendices Conditions 11. Playing 11. PLAYING CONDITIONS APPENDICES Playing Handbook | 2015-16 1 Appendix 1 Restrictions on the Placement of Fielders r diu 11. Playing Conditions Appendices Conditions 11. Playing r diu n nu u h n r d r diu 2 Playing Handbook | 2015-16 Appendix 2 Bonus Point System • 1 bonus point for any team that achieves victory with a run rate Appendices Conditions 11. Playing • 1.25 times that of the opposition. • 1. additional bonus point for any team that achieves victory with a run rate 2.00 times that of the opposition; i.e. 2 bonus points are achieved –1 bonus point for victory with a run rate 1.25 times that • of the opposition and 1 additional bonus point for victory with a run rate 2.00 times that of the opposition. • A team’s run rate will be calculated by reference to the number of runs scored divided by the number of overs faced. • Where a side is all out, the number of overs to be used is the maximum number of overs that side was otherwise eligible to face. • Where matches are shortened and targets revised through the Duckworth/Lewis/Stern system, bonus run rates and bonus defensive targets are derived as a function of the revised target score and maximum overs. NB: • For the team batting second to gain 1 bonus point the victory must be achieved by the end of the 40th over (or in a reduced overs match the number of balls as set by the calculation of the total number of balls).
    [Show full text]
  • Page 01 May 16.Indd
    ISO 9001:2008 CERTIFIED NEWSPAPER Thursday 16 May 2013 6 Rajab 1434 - Volume 18 Number 5701 Price: QR2 QE keen to take Chelsea win part in region’s Europa activities: CEO League Business | 22 Sport | 32 www.thepeninsulaqatar.com [email protected] | [email protected] Editorial: 4455 7741 | Advertising: 4455 7837 / 4455 7780 Sheikh Tamim meets UN official Rate of inflation QR360bn fund 3.7pc in a year DOHA: The rate of inflation in Qatar was 3.7 percent in a year until last April, according to the soon for health latest Consumer Price Index released by Qatar Statistics Authority yesterday. The CPI for April 2013 reached and education 114, showing an increase of 0.1 percent compared to March this year and an increase of 3.7 per- cent compared to April 2012. Biggest fund for any sector in Qatar The highest price increase — 8.2pc — was recorded in the cat- DOHA: Qatar has immedi- Al Thani. “It’s the Emir’s initia- egory “entertainment, recreation ate plans to set up a QR360bn tive,” Qatar News Agency said and culture” followed by “rent, ($98.9bn) fund for sustainable yesterday. The corpus is to be set fuel and energy’’ which was 6.2 financing of health and educa- up vide a law whose draft was percent. Furniture, textiles and tion projects and make these approved by the State Cabinet home appliances saw an increase sectors and services world class. at its weekly meeting yesterday. of 3.1pc. Price increases have been This is the biggest corpus The draft is to be referred to recorded in all the categories announced for any targeted sec- the Advisory Council, QNA said.
    [Show full text]
  • Rules & Regulations of Cricket Switzerland Twenty20 Competitions
    Rules & Regulations of Cricket Switzerland Twenty20 Competitions Rules & Regulations of Cricket Switzerland Twenty20 Competitions Rules & Regulations of Cricket Switzerland Twenty20 Competitions Page | 1 Rules & Regulations of Cricket Switzerland Twenty20 Competitions Table of Contents 1 TWENTY20 CRICKET ................................................................................................................. 3 1.1 Application of Rules .....................................................................................................................................................................3 1.2 Form of Twenty20 Competitions..............................................................................................................................................3 1.3 Match Arrangements....................................................................................................................................................................3 2 SUPERVISION OF TWENTY20 COMPETITIONS ...................................................................... 3 2.1 Management ...................................................................................................................................................................................3 2.2 The League Committee ...............................................................................................................................................................3 2.3 Duties of the League Committee .............................................................................................................................................3
    [Show full text]
  • Leg Before Wicket Douglas Miller Starts to Look at the Most Controversial Form of Dismissal
    Leg Before Wicket Douglas Miller starts to look at the most controversial form of dismissal Of the 40 wickets that fell in the match between Gloucestershire and Glamorgan at Cheltenham that ended on 1st August 2010 as many as 18 of the victims were dismissed lbw. Was this, I wondered, a possible world record? Asking Philip Bailey to interrogate the files of Cricket Archive, I discovered that it was not: back in 1953/54 a match between Patiala and Delhi had seen 19 batsmen lose their wickets in this way. However, until the start of the 2010 season the record in English first-class cricket had stood at 17, but, barely credibly, Cheltenham had provided the third instance of a match with 18 lbws in the course of the summer. Gloucestershire had already been involved in one of these, against Sussex at Bristol, while the third occasion was the Sussex-Middlesex match at Hove. Was this startling statistic for 2010 an indication that leg before decisions are more freely given nowadays? It seemed to correlate with an impression that modern technology has given umpires a better feel for when a ball is likely to hit the wicket and that the days when batsmen could push forward and feel safe were now over. I determined to dig deeper and examine trends over time. This article confines itself to matches played in the County Championship since World War I. I propose looking at Tests in a future issue. The table below shows how the incidence of lbw dismissals has fluctuated over time.
    [Show full text]
  • ICC Annual Report 2003-04 3 2003-04 Annual Report
    2003-2004 Annual Report & Accounts Mission Statement ‘As the international governing body for cricket, the International Cricket Council will lead by promoting the game as a global sport, protecting the spirit of cricket and optimising commercial opportunities for the benefit of the game.’ ICC Annual Report 2003-04 3 2003-04 Annual Report & Accounts Contents 2 President’s Report 32 Integrity, Ethical Standards and Ehsan Mani Anti-Corruption 6 Chief Executive’s Review Malcolm Speed 36 Cricket Operations 9 Governance and 41 Development Organisational Effectiveness 47 Communication and Stakeholders 17 International Cricket 18 ICC Test Championship 51 Business of Cricket 20 ICC ODI Championship 57 Directors’ Report and Consolidated 22 ICC U/19 Cricket World Cup Financial Statements Bangladesh 2004 26 ICC Six Nations Challenge UAE 2004 28 Cricket Milestones 35 28 21 23 42 ICC Annual Report 2003-04 1 President’s Report Ehsan Mani My association with the ICC began in 1989 Cricket is an international game with a Cricket Development and over the last 15 years, I have seen the multi-national character. The Board of the ICC The sport’s horizons continue to expand with organisation evolve from being a small, is comprised of the Chairmen and Presidents China expected to be one of the countries under-resourced and reactive body to one of our Full Member countries as well as applying to take our total membership above that is properly resourced with a full-time representatives of our Associate Members. 90 countries in June. professional administration that leads the This allows for the views of all Members to We are conscious that the expansion of game in an authoritative manner for the be considered in the decision-making process.
    [Show full text]
  • ICC Men's Twenty20 International Playing Conditions
    ICC Men’s Twenty20 International Playing Conditions (incorporating the 2017 Code of the MCC Laws of Cricket) Effective 28th September 2017 Contents 1 THE PLAYERS ...................................................................................................................................................... 1 2 THE UMPIRES ...................................................................................................................................................... 2 3 THE SCORERS .................................................................................................................................................... 6 4 THE BALL ............................................................................................................................................................. 7 5 THE BAT ............................................................................................................................................................... 7 6 THE PITCH ........................................................................................................................................................... 9 7 THE CREASES ................................................................................................................................................... 10 8 THE WICKETS .................................................................................................................................................... 11 9 PREPARATION AND MAINTENANCE OF THE PLAYING AREA .....................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The 60-Second Cricket Knowledge Test
    The 60-second Cricket Knowledge Test Aim: Give as many correct answers as you can to the questions in 60 seconds. You will need a stop watch, and someone to read you the questions and keep score. If you don’t know an answer, say ‘pass’. The reader can ask the questions in any order, and should keep note of how many are answered correctly. Record your results and then check your knowledge out against the scale below: 10 correct answers: Outstanding Cricket knowledge 8-9 correct answers: Very Good Cricket knowledge 7 correct answers: Good Cricket knowledge 5-6 correct answers: Average Cricket knowledge 3-4 correct answers: Poor Cricket knowledge 1-2 correct answers: Very Poor Cricket knowledge 0 correct answers: You are a total novice and know nothing about cricket. Play some Flickit Cricket now to start learning about the great game! Test A Questions Answers 1. How many legal balls are there in an over? 6 2. How long is a standard cricket pitch in yards? 22 3. What colours do players wear when in a Test Match? White 4. What are the first two batsmen in a team collectively called? The Opening Batsmen, or The Openers 5. What are the fielders standing alongside the wicket keeper called? The Slips 6. What is the name of the crease the bowlers must bowl from called? The Popping Crease 7. How many runs does the batsman get if he hits a six off a No Ball? 6 (The No Ball is counted as an Extra) 8. What does LBW stand for? Leg Before Wicket 9.
    [Show full text]