The Tech He Would Win the Nobel Prize This Year, Riess Knew That If He Had Earned the Prize, He Would Get a Phone Call That Morning

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Volume 131, Number 46 tech.mit.edu Friday, October 21, 2011 Riess ’92 A look into the future wins Nobel EmTech conference highlights future tech

By Robert McQueen demonstrate how un- nologies (EmTech) Con- in physics news editor tapped industries could ference. Throughout the radically shape our future. conference, more than 60 Found Universe’s It’s now official: the Dozens of compa- presentations were given, information age will dras- nies flocked to MIT’s addressing a wide range expansion is tically change the world. Media Lab last Tuesday of topics including selec- Emerging technologies and Wednesday for MIT tive genetics, open source accelerating converged at MIT this Technology Review’s 11th week in a showcase to annual Emerging Tech- EmTech, Page 9 By Leo Zhou associate news editor

On Oct. 4, Adam G. Riess ’92 woke up to a 5 a.m. phone call from Swe- den. The professor of astronomy and physics at John Hopkins University was told that he had won the 2011 Nobel Prize in physics. Two others shared the prize: Saul Perlmutter of the Lawrence Berkeley National Lab- oratory, and Brian P. Schmidt of the Australian National University. Though he didn’t know whether Jaswanth Madhavan—The Tech he would win the Nobel Prize this year, Riess knew that if he had earned the prize, he would get a phone call that morning. “It was definitely on Course 7 head Kaiser MISTI, HASS changes in my mind when I went to sleep the night before,” said Riess. Faculty Newsletter An accomplished cosmologist, picked to run NIGMS Riess has won just about every pres- The September/October Faculty Newsletter (FNL) is out, tigious prize in his field: the Shaw opening with an editorial calling for the scientific community Prize in Astronomy in 2006, the Ma- Kaiser will oversee $2bn research budget to speak “more clearly, more loudly, and more effectively” cArthur “genius” grant in 2008, and to counteract the “deeply disturbing” scientific skepticism of the Einstein Medal earlier this year. By Ethan A. Solomon vides foundations for understanding and some presidential candidates. editor in Chief curing disease, says Kaiser. Unlike other The newsletter also contains responses to President Su- Science at universal parts of the NIH, the NIGMS supports san J. Hockfield’s New York Times op-ed on “Manufacturing proportions Biology Department Head Chris A. researchers at other institutions — like a Recovery” and perspectives on the divide between faculty Riess began the work that would Kaiser PhD ’88 has been selected to run MIT — but does not hire its own. and administration in higher education. Closer to home, win him the Nobel Prize in 1998, the National Institute of General Medi- “Dr. Kaiser has tremendous energy the FNL addresses Institute programs like MISTI and HASS when he and Schmidt led a team cal Sciences (NIGMS) beginning next and enthusiasm for research and train- Exploration. that observed surprising evidence year, the MIT News Office reported on ing — two key components of the NIGMS In 2010, MISTI received 112 requests for funding and that the expansion of the universe is Tuesday. Kaiser will oversee NIGMS’s $2 mission — that make him ideal for this awarded a total of $903,912 to 46 projects, and decided to ex- accelerating. billion budget for funding basic life sci- position,” said Francis S. Collins, director pand its faculty seed funds. MISTI also launched the new MIT- At the time, the team, as well as ences research. of the NIH, in a statement on the NIGMS Chile program, making Chile MISTI’s 11th partner country. the greater scientific community, NIGMS, the fourth largest institute of website. The newly established MIT-Chile Seed Fund provides funding believed that the universe’s expan- the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Kaiser, who has been a faculty mem- for projects through any Chilean institution, with two funds sion was actually decelerating. Riess supports over 4,500 research grants in ber since 1991, studies protein folding specifically designated for projects at the Pontifical Catholic and Schmidt used this common as- areas like cell biology, biophysics, genet- and intracellular transport using yeast as University of Chile and at Adolfo Ibáñez University. sumption and set out to determine ics, physiology, and computational biol- a model organism. In 1999 , Kaiser was The HASS Exploration (HEX) program is also entering a the mass of the universe by measur- ogy. The NIGMS funds research that pro- named a MacVicar Fellow in recognition new phase, according to Dean for Curriculum and Faculty ing the luminosity of supernovae and of the 7.03 (Genetics) course he taught Support Diana Henderson. The Subcommittee on the HASS fitting the data to an appropriate cos- from 1992 to 2011. Requirement, chaired by Political Science Associate Professor mological model. As head of the NIGMS, Kaiser will Andrea L. Campbell, is looking to expand its roster of “foun- However, their fit yielded a non- take the reins of a large federal research dational subjects” that would fulfill HASS requirements, seek- sensical negative mass of the uni- budget amidst economic uncertainty ing existing subjects and encouraging faculty to create and verse and a positive acceleration of and congressional pressure to cut back teach new subjects. expansion. To explain these results, on government spending. Basic life sci- The newsletter also reprinted an article, “Faculty Fallout,” the team concluded not only that the ences research, which is usually not im- by Johns Hopkins University Professor of Political Science universe expansion rate had to be mediately applicable to disease-related Benjamin Ginsberg that originally appeared in the August accelerating, but a nonzero cosmo- research, has come under fire from some issue of The Scientist. Lambasting the imbalance between logical constant in Einstein’s theory conservative groups. Forty-one percent faculty and administration in higher education, Ginsberg’s of general relativity was also need- of Tea Party Republicans in the House of statements — such as, “Administrators have taken over U.S. ed. This positive constant means Representatives support cutting federal universities, and they’re steering institutions of higher learn- that vacuum must have an intrinsic spending for scientific research, according away from the goal of serving as beacons of knowledge” — energy density, which generates a ing to Pew Research. serve as a counterpoint to Faculty Chair Samuel M. Allen PhD pressure in space that should be the “A lot of politicians are trying to take ’75’s note, which says that MIT faculty have not been taking cause of the acceleration. advantage of misconceptions that the full advantage of opportunities to communicate their views to The inclusion of the cosmologi- public has,” said Kaiser about the impor- the administration. cal constant has been debated be- —Anne Cai fore. Einstein originally used the NIGMS, Page 8 constant to explain what he thought source:NIGMS was a static universe. Later, Edwin Hubble discovered that the galaxy was expanding but believed it to be decelerating. This discovery made The MIT Police will auction off Sign up for senior portraits with place this Saturday and Sunday In Short the cosmological constant zero, and abandoned bicycles on Oct. 31. Technique, the MIT yearbook, along the Charles River. It is the Einstein called his original use of the Proposals are due at noon to- The auction will be held at 290 Al- next week. You can schedule an world’s second largest two-day row- constant his “biggest blunder.” Now, day for PSC Fellowships and bany St. (behind Simmons Hall, appointment online today at http:// ing event. because the expansion of the uni- Internships. Visit http://web. near Fort Washington Park), with photoappointment.com/. verse is accelerating, a positive cos- mit.edu/mitpsc/whatwedo/ a preview at 11:30 a.m. and bidding Send news information and tips to mological constant is needed again. internshipsandfellowships/. beginning at noon. The Head of the Charles will take [email protected]. Physics prize, Page 8

Colonel Gadhafi Youtuber go home Dude, we’re in Born to be pink SECTIONS World & Nation ��2 The government can afford to lay off Betsey Johnson, a is dead the tech Opinion ��4 workers. OPINION, p. 4 cancer survivor herself, Dictator met a violent Uh-oh. My head hurts. Arts ��6 tackles breast cancer end, begging for his life. tread cautiously FUN, p. 11 Fun Pages ��10 WORLD AND NATION, with fashion. Sports ��12 p. 2 Iran must be diplomatically engaged. ARTS, p. 7 OPINION, p. 4 2 The Tech Friday, October 21, 2011 Preserve owner was bitten by D big cat, authorities say An erratic leader, Gadhafi The owner of the Ohio wildlife preserve, who authorities say set dozens of lions, tigers, bears, and other animals free, was bitten by one of his large cats, apparently after he fatally shot him- was brutal to the end self, officials said Thursday. The head wound to the man, Terry Thompson, 62, was “consistent with a tiger bite,” Sheriff Matt Lutz By Neil Macfarquhar on the world stage. coup that deposed Libya’s monarch

worl of Muskingum County said, referring to results from Thompson’s The New York Times He embraced a string of titles: in 1969. Soon afterward, he began autopsy report. “the brother leader,” “the guide to the styling himself a desert nomad phi-

n Officials in Zanesville, where the wildlife preserve is located, Moammar Gadhafi, the erratic, era of the masses,” “the king of kings losopher, publishing from 1976 to said that Tuesday, Thompson cut open the wire cages of the ex- provocative dictator who ruled Lib- of Africa” and — his most preferred 1979 the three volumes of his Green otic animals he kept on his 73-acre private preserve and left open ya for 42 years, crushing opponents — “the leader of the revolution.” Book, which offered his “third uni- a gate before killing himself in the driveway of his house. at home while cultivating the ward- But the labels pinned on him by versal theory” to improve on capi- Of the 56 exotic creatures that fled, 49 were hunted down and robe and looks befitting an aging others tended to stick the most. For- talism and socialism. He received killed by sheriff’s deputies and other law enforcement officers, rock star, met a vengeful and violent mer President Ronald Reagan called dignitaries in his signature sprawl- and six others were tranquilized and taken to the Columbus Zoo death Thursday at the hands of the him “the mad dog of the Middle ing white tent, which he erected atio and Aquarium. Libyan forces that drove him from East.” Former President Anwar Sadat wherever he went: Rome, Paris and, The only animal unaccounted for, a monkey, has not been power. of neighboring Egypt pronounced after much controversy, New York, found and was likely eaten by one of the large cats, officials said. In death, as in life, his circum- Gadhafi “the crazy Libyan.” in 2009. The other dead animals were buried Wednesday in a mass stances proved startling, with jerky Even as his dominion over Libya Inside, its quilted walls might be grave on the preserve at the request of Thompson’s wife, Marian video images showing him cap- crumbled with surprising speed, printed with traditional motifs like Thompson, officials said. tured, bloody, and disheveled, but he refused to countenance the fact palm trees and camels or embroi- Ohio is one of a handful of states that do not have laws regulat- alive. A separate clip showed his that most Libyans despised him. He dered with his own sayings. ing the ownership of exotic species. half-naked upper body, with eyes placed blame for the uprising on Gadhafi declared that his politi-

& N —Timothy Williams, The New York Times staring vacantly and what appeared foreign intervention — a U.N. Secu- cal system of permanent revolution to be a gunshot wound to the head, rity Council resolution intended to would sweep away capitalism and Senate women could have as jubilant fighters fired into the air. defend civilians became the conten- socialism. But he hedged his bets by In a third video, posted on YouTube, tious basis for NATO airstrikes on his financing and arming a cornucopia banner year in 2012 — or not excited fighters hovered around his troops. of violent organizations, including lifeless-looking body, posing for “I tell the coward crusaders: I live the Irish Republican Army and Af- WASHINGTON — The 2012 elections are likely to mark it the photographs and yanking his limp in a place where you can’t get me,” rican guerrilla groups, and he be- new “year of the woman” in the Senate. 10 women — six of them head up and down by the hair. he taunted in one of many defiant came an international pariah after orld incumbents — are presumed Democratic Senate nominees this Throughout his rule, Gadhafi, speeches after the uprising against his government was linked to deadly year, and another is seriously considering a run. Republicans 69, sanctioned spasms of grisly vio- his rule started in February. “I live in terrorist attacks, particularly the have one female senator, Olympia J. Snowe of Maine, up for re- lence and frequent bedlam, even he the hearts of millions.” 1988 bombing of a Pan Am jet over election, and one presumed nominee, Linda Lingle of Hawaii, sought to leverage his nation’s im- W Gadhafi was a 27-year-old junior Lockerbie, Scotland, which killed that state’s former governor. Other women in both parties are mense oil wealth into an outsize role officer when he led the bloodless 270 people. engaged in primary fights. It is the greatest number of female incumbents ever up for re-election in the Senate and would be among the highest number of nominees ever, which could add up to a banner year for women in the deliberative — and testosterone-infused — leg- Obama’s jobs bill, now piecemeal, islative body. But, with Democrats endangered and Republicans lagging in recruitment of women — one of their own, Kay Bailey Hutchi- son of Texas, is retiring — it is also possible that in 2012, women nears Senate fight could lose ground in the Senate for the first time in a generation. —Jennifer Steinhauer, The New York Times By Robert Pear Obama to create jobs and revive for the benefit of the nation. The New York Times the economy. “The massive layoffs we have US officials deliver warning in Campaigning for his $447 bil- had in America today are rooted WASHINGTON — For the sec- lion jobs package this week in in the last administration,” said Pakistan over extremists ond time in 10 days, the Senate North Carolina and Virginia, the Senate majority leader, Harry moved Thursday toward a show- Obama suggested that Republi- Reid, D-Nev. “It is very clear that ISLAMABAD — An unusually powerful U.S. delegation ar- down over Democratic efforts to cans could not understand the private sector jobs have been rived here Thursday to deliver the starkest warning yet to Paki- take up a jobs bill championed by whole thing all at once, so he said doing fine. It is the public sec- stan, according to a senior U.S. official: The United States would President Barack Obama. “we’re going to chop it up into tor jobs where we have lost huge act unilaterally if necessary to attack extremist groups that use This time, the bill has been some bite-sized pieces.” numbers.” the country as a haven to kill Americans. narrowed to provide $35 billion The Senate last week blocked The Senate Republican leader, Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton; David H. Pe- to state and local governments to consideration of the larger bill, Mitch McConnell of Kentucky, de- traeus, the new director of the Central Intelligence Agency; and prevent layoffs of teachers, police which included a 5.6 percent sur- rided the Democrats’ proposal as Gen. Martin E. Dempsey, the new chairman of the Joint Chiefs officers and firefighters. To offset tax on income over $1 million. “a government jobs bill.” He said of Staff, planned to push their Pakistani counterparts to make the cost, the bill would impose a Republicans objected to the it would “impose a permanent tax a definitive choice between fighting terrorists or supporting surtax, to take effect in 2013, of 0.5 tax and said the bill would be no hike on about 300,000 U.S. busi- them, the administration official said. percent on income in excess of $1 more successful than the econom- ness owners and then use the “This is a time for clarity,” Clinton declared in Kabul, Af- million. ic stimulus law Obama signed in money to bail out cities and states ghanistan, where she met President Hamid Karzai before leav- Democrats acknowledged that February 2009. that cannot pay their bills.” ing for Islamabad, the Pakistani capital. “No one should be in they were likely to fall short of Both parties seized on the McConnell said Democrats’ any way mistaken about allowing this to continue without pay- the 60 votes needed to overcome smaller bill to draw contrasts in solicitude for government em- ing a very big price. a Republican filibuster. But they advance of the 2012 elections. ployees was misplaced. “It’s the “There’s no place to go any longer,” Clinton added, referring hoped to gain a political edge, by Democrats said the bill would private sector that’s been begging to Pakistan’s leaders, whom the administration has accused of forcing Republicans to vote on save or create jobs for nearly for mercy,” he said. “It’s the pri- equivocating by supporting the Afghan insurgency. this and other discrete parts of 400,000 teachers and force mil- vate sector that’s being crushed by —Steven Lee Myers, The New York Times broader legislation proposed by lionaires to make a small sacrifice regulators.”

Weather

130°W 125°W 120°W 115°W 110°W 105°W 100°W 95°W 90°W 85°W 80°W 75°W 70°W 65°W 60°W 40°N Tranquil weekend 999 weather expected

By Roman Kowch the South yesterday, the rain 1020 35°N STAFF METEorologist departed and the sun popped out. Well, the sunshine should Would the weather last stick around through this week- 1014 Wednesday or Thursday be end, with winds slowly dimin- your ideal weather for the week- ishing each day as a broad high 30°N end? Ponchos and umbrellas pressure approaches from the were common across campus southwest. Temperatures will on Wednesday as a tight low also remain normal for this 1021 pressure system moved north time of year, with highs in the across the Mid-Atlantic states. lower 60s (15°C) and lows in the The system brought heavy rain mid 40s (4°C). For the weather 1023 25°N (1.64” at Logan Airport) and enthusiasts, sorry you couldn’t high winds to many areas. Then, see Wednesday’s weather again as dryer air was pulled in from this weekend.

Extended Forecast Today: Mostly sunny. High 65°F (18°C). W wind at 15–20 mph, gusting to 30 mph at times. Situation for noon Eastern time, Friday, Oct. 21, 2011 Tonight: Partly cloudy. Low 46°F (8°C). W wind at 10–15 mph. Weather Systems Weather Fronts Precipitation Symbols Other Symbols Snow Rain Tomorrow: Mostly sunny. High 62°F (17°C). Fog High Pressure Trough Showers Sunday: Sunny. High near 61°F (16°C). Low near 43°F (6°C). Thunderstorm Warm Front Light NW wind at 10 mph. Low Pressure Haze Cold Front Monday: Mostly cloudy. High near 60°F (16°C). Low near Moderate Compiled by MIT Hurricane Meteorology Staff 45°F (7°C). Stationary Front Heavy and The Tech nation world & nation world & nation world & nation & nation world & nation world & nation world nation Friday, October 21, 2011 The Tech 3 Turkey deploys thousands of WORLD & Nati Governor moves to take fiscal troops against Kurdish rebels control of Penn. capital ISTANBUL — Turkey’s offensive against Kurdish militants this week is one of its largest military operation in years, with 10,000 troops backed by warplanes pursuing rebels in southeastern By Sabrina Tavernise ruptcy court, a move that Thompson dents, say Chapter 9, a special bank- Turkey and northern Iraq, the Turkish army said Thursday. The New York Times and Corbett immediately declared ruptcy statute for municipalities, The offensive began only hours after the Kurdistan Work- illegal. would give the city more leverage in ers’ Party, or PKK, mounted deadly attacks against the Turkish The fate of Pennsylvania’s finan- Kelli Roberts, a spokeswoman for dealing with its many creditors. military, killing 24 soldiers and wounding 18 early Wednesday in cially troubled capital city, Harris- the governor, said Corbett planned to But the state has strongly opposed Hakkari province. burg, took another twist in a long file a petition in state court to place bankruptcy, in part because it would In all, 22 battalions of elite commando and special-forces road Thursday, when Gov. Tom Cor- the city into receivership but would tarnish the reputation of the capital. troops were operating against the insurgents in five locations, bett signed a bill permitting him to probably not do so this week. It argues that the state has the author- supported by surveillance drones, helicopters and F-16 and F-4 place the city into receivership. The city’s troubles stem from a ity to sort out the city’s problems, and jets, the army said, adding that at least three militants had been on By signing Senate Bill 1151 into failed trash incinerator project that the bill signed by Corbett on Thursday killed so far and that explosives and other military equipment law, Corbett opened the way for him has saddled Harrisburg with $310 would be one of its tools. had been confiscated. to declare a fiscal emergency in Har- million in debt, more than quadruple At a news conference in Harris- The Iraqi government and the Kurdish regional administra- risburg. The governor is aiming to its annual budget. On Thursday, the burg, Thompson expressed regret tion in northern Iraq have expressed concerns about Turkish WORLD & Nati wrest control of the city’s finances city announced it would not have the that the state would most likely take crossborder military incursions in the past, but both of them from local government, which has funds to pay for a holiday parade this over the financial workings of the city. condemned the attacks by the PKK in strong terms and offered been stuck in a standoff for months. year. The bill allows one last chance for the to help prevent the group from operating in northern Iraq, ac- The City Council has repeatedly re- City Council members who have city to agree on its own financial res- cording to Turkish news outlets. jected efforts by Mayor Linda D. opposed Thompson’s plans have also cue plan, and she outlined steps she Turkey has demanded that the Iraqi Kurds support their ef- Thompson to impose a financial fought the bill, saying it robs Harris- would take to comply. If that fails, the forts to eliminate militant bases around the Qandil Mountains, a recovery plan, and last week, it filed burg of self-rule. The members, who state will be obliged to step in, she rugged section of northern Iraq. a Chapter 9 petition in federal bank- are supported by a group of local resi- said. —Sebnem Arsu, The New York Times China to allow some local governments to issue bonds

Debt plan is delayed over French- SHANGHAI — Amid worries that local governments in China may be running short of cash, Beijing gave approval Thursday to a trial program that will allow the authorities in four regions to

German disagreement issue bonds. on The cities of Shanghai and Shenzhen, in southern China, as By Jack Ewing, Stephen Castle ine proposals to strengthen Europe’s threatens the world economy. well as Zhejiang and Guangdong Provinces — all fast-growing and Liz Alderman banks, increase the clout of the euro “The politicians have been try- coastal areas — were selected to take part in the program, ac- The New York Times bailout fund, and better coordinate ing to solve the crisis, but a consis- cording to a statement issued by the Ministry of Finance. WORLD & Nati euro area economic policy, a spokes- tent effort has been missing,” An- The decision comes at a time when the Chinese government FRANKFURT, Germany — The man for Chancellor Angela Merkel of dreas Dombret, a member of the is tightening credit in the hopes of taming inflation and a prop- grand plan is on pause. Germany said. executive board of Bundesbank, the erty bubble, and easing growth in the world’s second largest Germany and France, still at odds But a comprehensive plan will German central bank, told an audi- economy after the United States. over a more forceful response to the not be decided until a second sum- ence in Berlin on Thursday. It was That policy has begun to sting property developers, local gov- sovereign debt crisis, postponed a mit meeting, set for no later than an unusually sharp criticism for an ernments that depend on land auctions for income and small- decision-making summit meeting Wednesday, the spokesman, Stef- official to make about his political and medium-sized businesses, which often rely on high interest for several days amid signs that the fen Seibert, said in a statement. The counterparts. loans from underground banks. complexities of European politics French government issued a nearly Market reaction to the postpone- There are also growing concerns that the Chinese banking may block an all-encompassing identical statement. ment, which was announced after system may be at risk because many local governments have resolution. The last-minute delay reinforced trading in Europe closed, was muted amassed huge debts over the past three years by using undevel- The meeting planned for this fears that European leaders were — the Standard & Poor’s 500-stock oped land as collateral. weekend will still be used to exam- still far from containing a crisis that index ended up nearly half a percent. —David Barboza, The New York Times on WORLD & Nati

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Fighting fire with fire pushwill Iran to more dangerousextremes diplomacy American-Iranian for road forward The eration should we apply orotherdeception, nians attempted such athing. asto why oftheories theIra allsorts - dering happened, theU.S. punditariat- isleftpon now, what as theFBIto discern tries exactly asitwasexecuted aspoorly conceived,and have counter run to Iranian interests. It was had successful, it been theoutcome would sador to theU.S. Even soil. onAmerican recent bomb plotagainst theSaudi ambas thelinesonIran’sing between closely too that transpired. shouldand little read else be into theevents adventurea doomed of their own choosing, inMexico.goal embarked They on foolishly rights or achieve devious geopolitical some grand Machiavellian plan to restrict U.S. gun werethey acting asconspirators insome to battlescheme trade, thedrug it’s unlikely inscrutable ofsome aspart cartels drug agentsguns to sell Mexican arm decided OPINION POLICY OPINION will not be accepted. The accepted. notbe will the right or to edit reserves Tech signatures, addresses, andphonenumbers. Unsigned letters are due by 4:30p.m. days two before thedate ofpublication. interdepartmental mail to Room W20-483. Allsubmissions P.O. Box 397029, Cambridge, Mass. 02139-7029, or sent by Hard copy submissions should addressedbe to The Tech, are encouraged and should sent be to [email protected]. thatnot necessarily ofthenewspaper. Electronic submissions bywritten individualsandrepresent theopinionofauthor, editorial. members choosing to publish theirdisagreement the with and OpinionEditors Nina Sinatra andRyan Normandin. Editor Connor Kirschbaum, EditorSchalck, Aislyn Executive Joseph Maurer, Managing Solomon, Editor inChief Ethan A. bywritten Board, theEditorial which consists ofChairman Assuming theplotwasflag notafalse op- In thesame should vein, we avoid read- U.S.When Alcohol,Tobacco, andFire- YouTuber home go g the fire, itfinally squared away itslong- and private had enterprise putits feet to non-productive. therecession When hit YouTubecruising orsomethingsimilarly work-hoursin ten American were spent that, to the recession, prior at least one increase. national statistics don’tshow any such human capital The into private industry? of. Was there amajor ofphysical swell or tentook to complete? Not that know we workers to dothework that formerly that suddenly allowednineAmerican and 2010 2008 adoption between nology statistics? Was there major some - tech the same. ProductDomestic remained essentially but no—Realing thesame Gross period, the privateto have sector dur declined mightOne have theoutput expected of layoffs or ofemployeereduction hours. percent of its workforce, either through 2010,ary theU.S. 9.8 privateshed sector ettin Letters, columns, must andcartoons the authors’ bear , editor Letters to the are board thesignedopinionsofeditorial Dissents areEditorials theofficialThe opinionof are. They Tech No, themore likely explanation is What istheway to interpret these andJanu JanuaryBetween 2008 - C orrections By NinaSinatra n Keith Yostand s aff co taff y Keith YostBy aff co aff St o g out l um l um n is n t s are are cartoons , and editorial columns is t

re f the - - error injudgment. That’s all. low intelligence, andmanic hubris, made an An Iranian supervision, poor planner with message similarly orsome complex effort. leadership. This is not a diplomaticnuanced Iran’sbetween civil,and theocratic military, to strike Iran. Thisevidenceof isnota divide occurred. Thisisnotabid to encourage us Occam’s razor to theexplanations forwhy it 2010), were we somewhat optimistic, noting state ofIran’s nuclear program (Sept. 14, has a source that isplain aswell. ic. Andthelatter condition,manic hubris, stupid creatures, andsuch traits are endem- nation. Governments, by theirnature, are sion andlow intelligence noexpla- —need current student, to graduate set thisspring. incorrectly reported that Sloan Cheung MBA MIT was student. aformer Cheung isa name incorrectly. It is“Mazen,” not“Mazem.” d of thesaying that should we pay people sources, thisargument istheequivalent But in the context of federal human re- for Keynesian demand-boosting efforts. wouldbe adisaster suchpolicy afiscal ofbelt-tightening,sort reasoning that government has fastidiously avoided any itsineptitude andabsenteeism.with dragging downtheaverage performance ernment grows alongside thecapable, Free from routine purgings, feckless gov are by imposed those itsown taxpayers. only lean timesagovernment must suffer lean times, are theweak eaten. same ascompetent businesses. In the incompetent businesses grow just the struggle.from In fat aDarwinian times, ment’s, but rather that business benefits zational DNA to beinggovern superior - of business’not the consequence organi- shows isthat thisproductivity gap is off” U.S. government. What the“Great Lay- U.S. business ismore productive than ties, anditisgenerally recognized that private of versusefficiency public enti- tolerated dead weight. de factonuclear power. asa counted be should Iran today elapsed: has for diplomacy estimated we time The When thispaperWhen last commented onthe - poor supervi two conditions— The first Tuesday’s Cheung’s onLeland article re-election bidforCambridge Council City A Tuesday ontheOccupy article Bostonprotests Mazen Nadeem spelled ’06’s A. Since therecession began, thefederal Government has nocompetition —the There is much talk about the relative TO REACH US REACH TO of the MIT orlocal community.of theMIT all theletters received. known.The becomes makesTech nocommitment to publish in any other format now ormedium knownorlater that onThe posted be ’sTech Web siteorpublished and/orprinted returned. notbe will Letters, columns, may andcartoons also submitted, allletterspropertyOnce become ofThe , andTech given be higher letters priority. will shorter letters; condense be foundbe ontheWorld Wide Web at http://tech.mit.edu. shouldthe editor sent be to [email protected] . The Tech can errors that call forcorrection to [email protected] to. Letters press releases, requests forcoverage, and information about inchief byeditor e-mailing [email protected]. Please send directed be will to theappropriate You person. can reach the whom to contact, mail send to [email protected], andit easiest way to reach any member ofour staff. If you are unsure are columns submitted by opinionarticles membersGuest The ’sTech telephone number is(617) 253-1541. E-mail isthe - four years. 10-year billion. : $500 savings 10 percent andfreeze growth for salary lunch. federal budget’s for a free opportunities but thisappears oneofthe toservices, be commensurateing some without drop in is rare toto cut find - opportunities spend in savings forthefederal government. It would producethey billion roughly $500 cal potatoes. aten-year Over window, four-year freeze salary are notsmall fis contractorboth and regular labor) and a same feat? why couldn’t thegovernment pull the workforce andafour-year freeze, salary output even after a10 percent cut inits sawIf private noreduction industry inits throw out itschaff just as business did? Why notpress theU.S. government to proposalsforward to helpfixthedeficit. multipliers aloneisathingruel. his continued employment, but just the multipliers might sufficient be to justify gaged inproductive labor, Keynesian the marginal government worker en- to dig ditches andfillthem back in. Were 6,800 SWU.6,800 They have kg a stockpile 4,543 them a yearly separative capacity of roughly centrifuge-year, per units (SWU) giving is approximatelyfuges 1.1 separable work The average productivity centri- ofthese centrifuges, ofwhich 6,184 are inoperation. ties, Iran has approximately installed 8,500 countedbe asadefacto nuclear power. has Iran elapsed. diplomacy today should cilities. Andthetimethat estimated we for cyber-attackpowerful onIran’s nuclear fa- what the cause was forIran’s a setback: but notmuch.diplomacy, that unknown events had bought ustimefor centrifuges. conclusion was Our summary coming more proficientwith its remaining its separative capacity bypercent 40 by- be setbacks, Iran had still managed to increase that despite its or martial action,observing anurgentmism with demand fordiplomatic previous year). However, mixed thisopti- we hadfuges fallenfrom 4,592 to 3,772 inthe program (theirnumber ofoperating centri- that Iran setbacks had intheir experienced Action: Cut thefederal workforce by A 10 percent workforce cut (applied to Thus comesoneofthemost straight Between its NatanzBetween and Fordo facili- Since our last report, ithas revealed been Friday, October 21,Friday, October 2011 Iran, Page 5 - - 5 OPINION OPINION OPINION OPINION OPINION OPINION OPINIOn OPinion opinion OPINIOn OpiNION - The Tech In short, American policy bothIn ac must . - situa The been in years. the tensest they’ve unnecessary to lead tion could if escalation lead it may — in particular, not addressed While potential. its nuclear realize to Iran is aggression of nuclear deployment Iranian an effort and unwise should an unlikely ploy, - contain up the failing back to bemade tacita least at establishing by strategy ment rapport. Iranian of a nuclear the potential knowledge change. effortsat internal to resistant regime, for a world a bel in which - prepare must We is a permanent Iran nuclear and ligerent Should scene. the international on feature - signifi fail to measures and other sanctions to which officials hard-line affect the cantly the diminishing (instead, targeted theyare - low middle- and quality of the Iranian of life - With plan. be a backup must there er-class), approach, diplomatic a straightforward out will Tehran and Washington in frustration benefit. De- neither side’s to build, steadily a by be actuated must this tension fusing inevitably that strategy and cautious cogent begins with communication. ! - -  In light of these facts, it would be prudent of these facts, light In on the attempt assassination week’s Last an regime should be considered to have large have to be considered should an regime risks. downside course a diplomatic pursuing recommend to nuclearization balance to in order with Tehran status nuclear facto de Iran’s with moderation. impor diplomacy all the more direct makes hedge its efforts should withU.S. a The tant. directly; of the regime engagement revived (albeit a without the option of conversation and seri- disagreements one), small strained the potential have alike situations conflict ous The alter and quickly. dangerously degrade to ties is a cold diplomatic establishing to native risk of conflict. withwar an intolerable within American terri ambassador - Saudi to relations tory will Iranian-American push - Cambridge

Sundays @ 6 p.m. and @ 6 p.m. Sundays p.m. 6:30 ursdays @ Th Come to our dinners our to on: Come It’s not hard to understand why an Iranian why understand to not hard It’s It is prudent to pursue a diplomatic course with Tehran course a diplomatic is prudent pursue to with Tehran It balance to in order nuclearization with moderation. direct diplomacy makes status nuclear de facto Iran’s important. all the more Write Opinion for for Opinion Write e T e c h - will approxi be at capacity separative Its kg. And the time to SWU 9,300 per year. mately enrich To weapon will be shorter. even will bomb take for a single material enough and six thirteen days, them approximately worthbombs months. six would take would think his countryplanner to immune an assess — such American counterattack for most is, Iran mark. is not far off the ment From power. a nuclear and purposes, intents - military Irani the out, on against options here trifuges at its Natanz site and further improve and further site improve trifuges its Natanz at SWUper 1.15 to its centrifuge productivity percent of 3.5 stockpile Its centrifuge-year. grown (LEU)low-enriched uranium will have of 20 stockpile 5,400 Its kg. approximately to 93 to grown enrichedUF6 will have percent Or, email [email protected], You’re Probably Liberal You’re This is Massachusetts

The picture six months from now now will be from six months The picture What does this mean, all told? It means does It all told? this mean, What

Iran to bring online an additional 2,000 bring to online an additional Iran cen- even grimmer. In that time, we might expect we might time, that In grimmer. even represent a credible deterrent. a credible represent velopment of enough additional weapons to additional of enough velopment time to react, and follow up with de- and follow the quick react, time to than our international diplomatic system has system diplomatic international our than pabilities to develop a nuclear weapon faster a nuclear develop to pabilities - the ca has in short, Iran But weeks. couple delay somewhere between a few days and a between a few days somewhere delay pletion might be marginally longer, giving a giving longer, be marginally pletion might - com its actual to bomb a nuclear create to erating capabilities, the time from a decision the time from capabilities, erating cillary centrifuge-op and - weapons-making and-a-half months. Depending on Iran’s an- Depending on Iran’s months. and-a-half enough material for six weapons for six within nine- material enough 22 days, and it has the capacity to produce produce to the capacity it has and days, 22 percent-enriched uranium in approximately in approximately uranium percent-enriched richment capabilities to produce 20 kg of 90 kg 20 produce to capabilities richment that Iran has the uranium stockpile and en- stockpile the uranium has Iran that hexafluoride. and 70.8 kg of 20 percent enriched uranium percent of 20 kg and 70.8 from Page 4 from Page Iran, dioxide, enriched uranium percent 3.5 of Small disagreements will lead to strained relations and could spark an intolerable cold war intolerable an disagreements could spark and lead relations Small will strained to US should directly Iran with should reengage US diplomacy 2011 OctoberFriday, 21, 6

Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts arts ArTS Tech The MIT Sloanstudent releaseshisdebutalbumLeaving A chat Philip with Cohen interview Joseph Gordon-Levitt plays anapathetic cancerpatientin50/50 V Hey, does this haircut make me look like review movie could only portray theextremes ofthe Days ofSummer, Iwas convinced that he on Saturday N watching asthehost his performances play anapathetic cancer patient. After to tone downaperformance don-Levitt imagining theexpressive Joseph Gor Rogen. Seth with cancer andhisfriendship with onhisown experience based — astory brilliantlyWill Reiser depicts thisstory his mind on gettin’ some. Screenwriter most eloquent character, andonly has cal pain. U Adam hisemotional deal with andphysi- tie (Anna their best to Kendrick)help try Kyle Ka Rogen) andnewgirlfriend (Seth - that hehas amalignant tumor, hisfriend learns Gordon-Levitt) Adam (Joseph throughfriendship hardship. When realm. it liesfaroutside thetraditional business odies, bass, smooth lyrics, and powerful new project itsoriginal mel- —andwith drummer, whohemetat a Dorsey, Chris its much ofhisprogress to hiscurrent tions have comealong way. Cohen cred- development, Cohen’s music produc about,”good Cohen said. dent now about putting out asongIfeel changed alot for me. more Ifeel confi- guitar. process songwriting has “The to himnow, andheisless reliant onhis nately, comemore melodies naturally studentsall MIT can relate with. Fortu- time forexperimentation —aproblem andlyrics.he wouldaddinamelody chord progression with, hewas pleased and hefound ariff Once tar everyday. from simply playing around onthegui- result. Cohen’s work initially stemmed again,songwriting andLeaving andcollege. high school between Academy, andplayed full-timehockey Academy, graduated from Force theAir boardingtended at school Vermont hiscreditsBesides at Sloan, Cohen at various otherendeavors.his timewith ly composing since then,hehas filled Although hehas continuous notbeen began songswhenhewas writing 15. tive ofthePhiladelphia suburbs, Cohen than just that ofanindiemusician. Ana- free. month andisavailable onhiswebsite for bywritten Cohen, was pre-released last laughter sorrow. and from both cry audience feat, making the animpressiveachieves as awriter, Reiser debutIn hisbig screen flatten it out.’ to lulls, you and just try there are big sometimes — curve is asinusoidal creative‘The process I have to admit I had a hard time isultimately50/50 a filmabout Sloan student Philip Cohen Ghas a In additionto hispersonal artistic Recently, Cohen has had less free Three years ago, Cohen picked up Cohen’s has many story more facets oldemort? Leaving By Adisa KruayatideeBy Adisa By Jaimie Chung nfortunately, Kyle isn’t the Staff Writer Staff ight andlead Live in500 , analbum of14 songs —Philip Cohen st uden t -mu isthe sician - - - - whole movie. the audience interested throughout the film until itreaches thispoint, keeping Luckily, the dialogue the witty carries builds is there a believable relationship. the romance Adam between andKatie at thebeginningoffilm. N who plays Adam’s despicable girlfriend Dallas Howard, ofBryce the performance and Rogen andLevitt between chemistry scenes. include the Othermediocrities that heisn’t given many weighty linesor although this could due be to the fact cre job of essentially playing himself, the filmallmore genuine. the movie sad ortoo makes serious too Rogen never wantedand Seth to make could experience. The fact that Resier emotionthat acancerence every patient in frustration makes —50/50 - you experi tion from Levitt’s character —screaming macaroons to thefirst sign ofraw emo- and sorrow. From themarijuana-laced froming the audience laughterboth cry Reiser achieves animpressive feat, mak logue. In hisbig screen debut asawriter, to conveysucceeded itsmessage. Kendrick did,but themovie nonetheless level ofveracity that and Gordon-Levitt thesame to bring in thefilmstruggled authenticity in50/50. The otheractors byantly surprised hisandKendrick’s ofemotions.spectrum But Iwas pleas his graduation from Sloan. Given his already has ambitious plans following lifeanddeath. between the boundary leaving and Afghanistan and the military, al explorations included onthesubject - ofhisperson some into allofhissongs; this themewas subconsciously woven hisalbum, writing finished herealized youthe person were before. After Cohen cal place, or changing and leaving behind or metaphorical: from departing a physi- oranother.form Leaving could literal be involvealso theidea ofleaving, insome this, that Cohen concluded stories good werestories about love. Meditating on lege, whooncecommented that allgood favorite creative professors writing incol- album titleactuallyoneofhis began with Inspiration andpoetry. forCohen’sries press through himself sto- short writing tion. Before songs, hefound ways to ex than lyrics inmusicalof writing composi- Cohen is more interested in the process that,” Cohen said. kind ofcrappy.— itsounded Iliked inmythis riff head, onthelow Estring tional, more organic approach. had “I ing inthelyrics, required anon-tradi- “Pawn andQueen,” mean - with loaded sic andlyrics. For example, asonglike mainly onfinding theright meshofmu- song isunique, andCohen isfocused genre. The process ofcompleting each orhissongsintohimself any specific fine-tune. and Queen,” required six months to His favorite songofthealbum, “Pawn adaytake between andayear to write. and proud nerd fashion).Cohen’s songs flatten itout,” Cohen remarked (intrue there are big lulls, to andyou just try — sometimesis like asinusoidal curve is always creative easy. “The process mean thatnecessarily producing work that push, that kick inthebutt.” times you to give just you someone need to thestudio phase,” Cohen said. “Some- project from thehomerecording phase duction studios. “He move helped my provides music software forlarge pro- engineer forAvid, acompany which was a softwarelocal Dorsey block party. Surprisingly,- Rogenamedio does owes much50/50 to itssharp dia- Speaking ofleaving places, Cohen to hisrootsTrue asanEnglish major, For sure, notcategorize Cohen does Being apassionate not does artist ot until - - - In hisdebutalbumLeaving, PhilipCohenexplores thelyricalqualitiesofmusic. effects ofothers.effects andthedramatic scenes ofcertain fects enhanced ef scenes thecomedic tween however, that transitions theabrupt - be your Make-A-Wish?!” Imust include, me. like Ilook Voldemort,” and“that’s from the film, like “no one wants to f*** er, most ofmy notes were direct quotes music andtransitions. selection, Howev ing to take notes onthecamera angles, The Tech, Iwent to thetheatre expect uation, andeventually, heisable to see him to confront hisemotions andhissit spair, andfinally anger. This anger forces as hischaracter elation, de- experiences the movie, is broken down little by little stare, which prevails throughout most of Joseph Gordon-Levitt’s haunting blank ual learns how to live lifeto thefullest. the message of how an apathetic individ- ones, onteam leadership. focused mid-size companies, military especially to launchhe hopes aconsultingfor firm whileworking Force,people fortheAir managingexperience large teams of and passions. Community Ice Project and hissongs, reflect they hisinterests nonprofits. Like hisbusiness plans projects, Cohen has founded two also options. has many also he other in hismusical career, success with thrilled be would he while Cohen’s And passion. Music has always been anger. despair, finally and elation, experiences little ashischaracter broken little down by haunting blank stare is Gordon-Levitt’sJoseph This being my first movie review for The most important thing, however, is In themeantime, amidst hismany Alb um art rk andwo de s ign b - - - - y dal experienced. conveyedGordon-Levitt andReiser how intensely Ifelteach emotionthat play, Gordon-Levitt’s performance, and and itleftmeamazed at Reiser’s screen- ness of50/50’s resolution was refreshing, the film up to interpretation, the direct ings that leave theultimate message of it yet). Although Iusually prefer end- ofyouspoil forthose whohaven’t seen the ensuing (which Idon’twant scene to ing, Isat incomplete infatuation with ending. When the credits roll started - message.this powerful insignificantings become realize aswe the value in his life.- Any othershortcom 25, p.m. 8:45 at T leaving be won’t anytime soon. lenge,” he said. nets. “I’m always looking forachal- because hewants hedoso does safety success inmany areas,” but by no means as“trudging alonghimself thepath to many otheroptions. Cohen describes success inhismusical career, has healso it.with And while hewouldthrilled be sion, which iswhy heinvests in himself veterans. and musical compositions by military nual journal ofwriting, illustrations, Modern Poet Soldier publishes a bian - Cohen’s neighborhood last winter, and andmaintained inopened anicerink and upcoming concert dates.and concert upcoming cohenmusic.com more, for information Central Square. Visit his website, philip- Now Playing R Anna Kendrick S Levitt, S Levine byDirected Jonathan 50/50 HHHH✩ My favorite thing about was the 50/50 Philip Cohen will be performing Oct. performing Philip be Cohen will And that’s one frame of mind he Music has always Cohen’s been pas ated R ated tarring Joseph Gordon- Joseph tarring e cra w f ord; image co Friday, October 21,Friday, October 2011 eth R eth . T . T ogen, and ogen, urte he Bear’s Place in s y of p hil ip cohen - - 7 Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts Arts ARTS ARTS Arts Arts ArtS The Tech

photos by kathryn Dere —Kathryn Dere —Kathryn Born to be pink to be Born cancer prevention in Boston cancer prevention Betsey Johnson promotes breast promotes Johnson Betsey

On Saturday, Oct. 15, Betsey Johnson presented her Fall Winter 2011/2012 Ready-to-Wear collection at the Ready-to-Wear Winter 2011/2012 Fall presented her Betsey Johnson Oct. 15, On Saturday,

Cyclorama at the Boston Center for the Arts. The models strutted down the runway in playful tartans, stripes, and in playful tartans, down the runway The models strutted Arts. Cyclorama at the Boston Center for the animal prints to “Run the World (Girls)” and “Sweet Caroline” (with the crowd singing along to the latter). After the After (with the crowd singing along to the latter). Caroline” “Sweet (Girls)” and World the “Run animal prints to show, Betsey performed her famous cartwheels and splits across the runway and danced around with the models, and splits across the runway Betsey performed her famous cartwheels show, who sported bright pink “We can do it!” tanks. The subject hits close to home for Betsey, who is a breast cancer survivor. who is a breast cancer survivor. The subject hits close to home for Betsey, can do it!” tanks. “We bright pink who sported Proceeds from the night went to the South End Community Health Center, of which her brother Bob (pictured) is president. of which End Community Health Center, from the night went to the South Proceeds 2011 OctoberFriday, 21, 8 The Tech Friday, October 21, 2011 MIT MEN’S Riess remembers J-lab, RUGBY Phi Delta Theta at MIT

MIT vs. Rutland @ Briggs Field

THIS SATURDAY!

st 1 team KO @ 1p Andrea Fabre nd Physics Nobel Prize winner Adam G. Riess ’92 gives a talk in 10-250 2 team KO @ 3p about his research in measuring the rate of expansion of the universe. The auditorium filled in the first three minutes.

DOC Physics prize, from Page 1 Riess said MIT’s quantitative, NG K hands-on education prepared him DI SA Exceptional Egg Donor Needed A L These results ignited research in for his research career. He loved O E L dark energy, a generalized name for Junior Lab (8.13/8.14), a lab course Loving couple in search of attractive, well-rounded/highly 2 Days the energy source responsible for still required for physics majors. accomplished woman under 28 to help them become parents. an accelerating universe. Dark en- Most of his research is very much a ergy is thought to make up about 70 like a huge J-Lab experiment, says t Only! e Compensation exceeding $10,000 for the right donor & travel T r percent of the universe, and is still Riess. h to expenses paid. e s not well-understood. In fact, Riess’s first research ex- M ok IT Press Bo Riess says he was responsible for perience began at MIT. He had a Contact Dawn@ [email protected] or 858-391-8393 the analysis part of the study, so he UROP in the Center for Space Re- for more info on process & eligibility. was nervous about getting a result search (now known as the Kavli In- announcing: that contradicted most of the sci- stitute for Astrophysics and Space entific community’s expectations at Research) in his junior year. How- the time. ever, the experience did not excite The Fall 2011 “At first, I thought I just made a him about research — Riess thought mistake. Like the many experiences he didn’t have the necessary tools, SPERM DONORS LOADING DOCK I had with p-sets at MIT, I thought and the experience wasn’t that pro- I had simply made a mathematical ductive. Nevertheless, he’s glad that SALE! error,” said Riess. he stuck with research in graduate Earn up to Luckily, Perlmutter’s team at school. Berkeley independently found the While at MIT, Riess was a mem- per month Sat., Oct. 22nd, same results almost simultaneously ber of the fraternity Phi Delta Theta — this made it easier for the scien- and enjoyed living there starting 10:00am-6:00pm tific community to accept the unex- his freshman year. He was able to pected results so quickly. get help from a few brothers who Invest minimal time “No Dealers” Day* Riess’s current research consists were also physics majors. Today, Make a real difference in the lives of families of finding new techniques for mea- he says that his experience in Phi suring distances in the universe. Delta Theta and MIT has definitely Receive free health and genetic screenings Sun., Oct. 23rd, helped shape who he has become. Beginning at MIT Department of Physics Head Ed- APPLY ONLINE: 10:00am-6:00pm Riess made the discovery at the mund Bertschinger was Riess’ 8.05 age of 28, within a few years of get- (Quantum Physics II) professor at SPERMBANK.com “Open to All” Day* ting his PhD at Harvard in 1996. “I MIT. According to Bertschinger, - convenient Cambridge location was really lucky. Just in the right Riess was remarkably diligent, com- place at the right time,” said Riess. ing frequently to office hours until Books up to 95% off! Moving from the suburbs of New everything was clear to him. He Huge savings on: Jersey, Riess enrolled at MIT as an was impressed by Riess’s passion undergraduate in 1988, majoring for learning and his involvement • Shelfworn Books • in physics and minoring in history. in Phi Delta Theta. “I gained a lot He chose MIT over Brown, Cornell, of respect for fraternities after see- • Out-of-Print Books • and UPenn because he thought ing his commitment to them and @ Home • Journals Back-Issues • MIT would be a good place to do seeing how the fraternity helped Robotics competition • Overstock • physics, was unique, felt more like Adam organize his life at MIT,” said a community, and was in an urban Bertschinger. *see website for details: setting. Outside of cosmology research, web.mit.edu/bookstore/www/ Riess says his time at MIT was Riess enjoys listening to jazz, rock, probably the most difficult part and classical music. He’s also an of his life. “There was definitely a avid coin collector and a Baltimore wider gap between what I was ca- Ravens fan. When he’s not too busy “a feeding frenzy pable of and what was expected of taking care of his two children, me during my time at MIT than any Riess also likes to read up on history for the brain!” other period of my life,” said Riess. and keep up with politics. Big move for prof. The MIT Press Kaiser will miss teaching genetics NIGMS, from Page 1 entific advancement is viewed posi- Bookstore tively in the United States. 292 Main Street tance of basic research. “NIGMS Even in movies and TV shows, Kendall Sq., Cambridge has a particularly difficult sub- “whenever MIT is mentioned, it’s in problem: how do you justify basic a positive context. The technologi- (617) 253-5249 research that does not have an im- cal know-how of America is some- [email protected] mediate disease connection?” thing that people can connect with 9-7 M-F, 10-6 Sa, 12-6 Su Federal research budgets no even if they don’t understand the longer see the same kind of support details,” he said. from Congress that they enjoyed in Kaiser acknowledged that grant Solution to Crossword Solution to Techdoku Solution to Sudoku the late 1990s and early 2000s, but money will be “harder and harder” from page 10 from page 11 from page 11 Kaiser is optimistic. to get — and that federal research 1 4 9 5 7 2 3 8 6 “NIH is the R&D component budgets probably won’t see in- 2 6 5 3 4 1 6 8 5 3 1 9 2 7 4 that is developing technological creases soon — but funding will not know-how for making disease treat- dry up. 6 4 3 1 2 5 7 3 2 6 4 8 5 1 9 ment more efficient,” he said. Dis- “It’s not as if these endeavors are 4 9 7 1 5 3 6 2 8 ease research is a “relatively easy” going to go away,” he said. 1 5 4 2 3 6 5 2 8 7 9 6 4 3 1 sell to Congress, he added, because Kaiser, who start at the NIGMS the applicability of that research to spring of next year, says he will miss 4 2 1 5 6 3 3 6 1 2 8 4 9 5 7 a robust healthcare system is clear. teaching at MIT the most. 9 5 6 8 3 7 1 4 2 And though the connection be- “I’ve taught 7.03 for 20 years. It’s 3 1 6 4 5 2 tween disease treatment and the a really big part of my life — I love 8 1 4 9 2 5 7 6 3 NIGMS’s basic research is less clear- teaching genetics,” he said. “I got 5 3 2 6 1 4 2 7 3 4 6 1 8 9 5 cut, said Kaiser, he thinks the public such a kick out of teaching MIT will still support it, noting that sci- undergraduates.” Friday, October 21, 2011 The Tech 9

Some of the TR35 Innovators focus on open data platforms EmTech addresses big data, personalized healthcare, and social technology EmTech was not only about what technologies currently exist, but also about EmTech, from Page 1 ute [to our health]. You’re just not when someone should take med- New media meets old the technologies that would come to be. aware of them,” Holove said. icine based on what genes they Deb K. Roy PhD ’99, co-found- Technology Review has picked 35 of the platforms, cloud technology in- Holove says that when he do and don’t express. er and CEO of Bluefin Labs, is us- top innovators under the age of 35 (also tegration, mobile healthcare, and started wearing the device, he Greg Sorenson, former Profes- ing social media in a different known as the TR35) that will likely change more. became more conscious of his sor of Radiology at MIT and cur- context: television. Roy describes the world in the future. All of them were Steven B. Johnson, author activity level, whether it was go- rent CEO of Siemens, is oversee- the technology they are inventing invited to the conference to give a 4-min- of the best-selling book Where ing for a run or taking out the ing the development of new MRI at Bluefin as the “TV Genome.” ute elevator pitch about the technologies Good Ideas Come From, kicked trash. By taking all types of ex- scanning technologies, including Bluefin Labs is currently working they were developing. Their work targets off the conference with a talk that ercise into account, the Basis innovations in cross-sectional on a technology that will mea- up-and-coming and new industries rang- set the central theme of the con- B1 band will allow people to scanning. According to Soren- sure what people watch on TV by ing from ubiquitous computing, to cloud ference: community innovation. monitor the number of calories son, cross-sectional technology analyzing what people are talking technologies, to personalized healthcare Johnson says that he has been burned, sleep patterns, and over- was ranked by physicians as the about online. and beyond. studying the science behind all physical activity. According to number one innovation that they “People talk about what they what makes environments in- Holove, even small chores that couldn’t live without. The tech- watch on TV, … impressions drive Gert Lanckriet, an associate pro- novative for most of his life. What require physical activity can add nology enables doctors to look social expressions,” Roy said. fessor at UC San Diego, is developing he learned was that while large- up and appear as exercise on the inside the body of patients. According to Roy, TV is alive a technology that will automate music market companies like Microsoft Basis monitor. During his talk, Sorenson and well. Pundits declared TV to recommendations — a task that the com- and Apple have conquered the passed around a brain made out be dead, but Roy says the content pany Pandora was forced to do manually. technology landscape, they are Emerging life science of ABS plastic that was construct- of TV has adapted by moving to Lanckriet’s technology, called “Herd it,” not hubs of innovation. Instead, Another central, recurring ed using a 3D printer and MRI the internet. uses advanced algorithms that intelli- the most innovative environ- theme that emerged at EmTech images. While such technologies Roy envisions that one day, gently tag music through waveform anal- ments are non-market commu- was advancements made in the are “cool,” Sorenson was more all TV impressions, or user views, ysis. Lanckriet envisions a future in which nities where ideas are continu- life sciences industry. concerned about making such will be semantically labeled and users will not choose music; instead, mu- ously shared. “It is more than Juan Enriquez, founding di- technologies profitable. measured. Not only can impres- sic will be chosen for users depending on just a technology space,” John- rector of the Life Science Proj- “I think [the critical challenge sions be measured, but they can their mood and activity level. The algo- son said. ect at Harvard Business School, of innovation is] figuring out how also be tracked by how people rithms will decide what you want to hear. This was no secret to the com- challenged the audience with an to take these kind of innovations share them on the internet. Ac- panies present at the conference. unnerving question: how many and translate them into some- cording to Roy, in the last 30 days, Brian Gerkey, director of Open Many are already using open data species of human live on Earth thing that really benefits people Bluefin has recorded impressions Source Development at Willow Garage, platforms for the purpose of en- today? According to Enriquez, ge- to the degree that someone will in 200,000 shows and 2,000,000 envisions a future of open-source ro- abling such communities. netic technologies have enabled pay for it … ideas are a dime a advertisements. botics. Just as open source software has Johnson concluded his speech propagated throughout the internet like with an important definition of wildfire, Gerkey wants to spread the avail- invention: it is a culmination of ability of tools and software that will en- quick innovations that, through able anyone to build and program their failure, evolve into highly tested own robots. His company has already and successful platforms for the started implementing his vision and has future. “It’s not a miracle, but it released an open-source platform called is nothing short of miraculous,” ROS — it’s already being used at institu- Johnson said. tions like MIT, UC Berkeley, and Stanford. Ford is one company working on building an open platform. Jesse Robbins, Opscode founder (and Dr. K. Venkatesh Prasad, Ford’s former firefighter) is developing a product “What’s Next Guy,” is designing that enables small companies to leverage next generation cars that will pro- the power of cloud infrastructure in or- vide an open platform for com- der to scale. The product, called Chef, is munity development of car ap- an open source platform that is currently plications. According to Prasad, used by over 6,000 organizations, includ- he is working on “more than just ing IGN, Admeld, and Cycle Computing. a car.” Modern vehicles are platforms that can be embedded with Jaswanth Madhavan—The Tech Umar Saif, who previously worked at around 30 sensors, 40 actuators, EmTech attendees heard about technologies which may come to define our world. MIT’s Computer Science and Artificial and up to 80 microprocessors. Intelligence Laboratory, has moved back One of the next forefronts for us to sequence enough human dozen,” Sorenson said. Shadman Zafar, Senior VP of to his native Pakistan to develop network automobile development is also genomes today to find genetic Sorenson says there needs to Product Development at Verizon, infrastructures for the “other four billion.” cloud connectivity. “[The] indus- patterns. By investigating such be more innovation in the health- describes how the experience of He said that today’s technologies make try is at an early stage of creating genetic patterns, it will be pos- care system to address inefficien- watching television has become assumptions that do not apply to the these reservoirs of data,” Prasad sible to identify common genetic cies. “Much of the costs of our more of an interactive experience developing world, including broadband said. patterns that may differentiate healthcare system are expended through the development of mo- communication and uninterrupted pow- For example, by using the sen- the human race into separate on very few people over a short bile phones. Recently, Verizon re- er. Saif could not personally attend Em- sors within the car, it will soon be segments. period of time. Something like a leased a mobile application that Tech, but he submitted a video in which possible to detect road potholes Enriquez said that today’s third to half of healthcare costs enables the user to control TV he briefly outlined his BitMate project, a all around the world by aggregat- technology is getting us closer to are spent in the last few months of media, lighting, security devices, peer-to-peer system that is compatible ing the data from travelling ve- answering such questions. life and on relatively small num- and personal media. with BitTorrent. Currently, it gives service hicles. Such data could be used Jonathan Rothberg, founder, ber of patients.” “It’s a personal remote con- to 30,000 users in 174 countries, and it has by city planners to help upkeep CEO, and Chairman of Ion Tor- Other companies are ap- trol; I got my own, my wife got her brought SMS to Pakistan, which Saif calls roads. rent, invented a technology that proaching healthcare through own,” Zafar said. “the Twitter of Pakistan.” According to Prasad, the op- aims to democratize and make the social realm. Technology Re- Instead of television ads portunities are limitless. By de- DNA sequencing a routine part view Humanitarian of the Year, reaching out to viewers, viewers Dan Berkenstock, co-founder and mocratizing the technology, new of medicine. Rothberg, who was Paul Wicks, is acting as the R&D can now pick and choose what chief product officer of Skybox Imag- platforms and applications will recently featured in Forbes Maga- Director at the company Patient- they want to watch as a result of ing, sees a problem in the current com- emerge from cloud connected zine, envisions a future in which sLikeMe, which provides an open the increased interaction. mercial satellite industry: “Satellites are cars. Prasad envisions a platform doctors will own their own DNA forum for asking and answering Overall, the barrier of entry to too big for their own good.” According to in which communities will build sequencing devices. According to questions about diseases and television watching has dramati- Berkenstock, each satellite costs about a apps for cars just like today devel- Forbes magazine, such an indus- conditions. cally decreased. “The best user billion dollars to build and launch into opers build apps for the iPhone try could “ignite the next $100 bil- “It’s the patients that do all the experience is the user experience space. Satellite imagery is also inefficient and Android. lion technology market.” work,” Wicks said. “The energy in where there is not user experi- — a single satellite can only see a small EmTech was not all about the Rothberg’s device, the Ion the system is created by the links ence; it disappears, it gets out of fraction of the earth’s surface at a given big companies, though, attracting PGM Sequencer, is the fastest- between these people.” the way,” Zafar said. time. Despite this, Berkenstock sees an a plethora of startups. selling DNA sequencer in the incredible potential for satellite imagery Basis, a startup from San Fran- world. It is currently on the mar- as a big data source. At Skybox Imaging, cisco, is working on a product ket for $49,000. he is working on reducing the complexity that they hope will revolutionize While the device does not of imaging satellites in order to “dramati- the mobile health industry. Their sequence the whole genome, cally reduce the price point to put these product, called the Basis B1 band, it does sequence genes that satellites in orbit.” Berkenstock also plans will be going on sale later this year are believed to be essential for to transform the collected data into struc- as the first continuous heart rate diagnosing critical diseases, tured content, making it accessible for and health tracker. The Basis B1 including 200 cancer genes. broader applications. No satellites are in band passively monitors a user’s According to Rothberg, the space yet, but the Skybox team is in the activity level throughout the day. current bottleneck for finding process of building their first. “You can’t improve things cures to diseases like cancer until you start measuring it,” said is finding the correlations be- Pieter Abbeel, assistant professor at Jef Holove, CEO of Basis. What tween genes and phenotypes. UC Berkeley, is teaching robots how to makes the Basis B1 band different However, Rothberg plans to learn. “When a robot sees the world it is that it uses optical technology publish open-source data to en- doesn’t see people or chairs, it sees pixels. to measure heart rate — a method able the community to join in When a robot acts in the world you can’t used in hospitals. on the effort for finding cures. ask it to throw a ball or pick up a mug, you Instead of outputting onto a “Over the next ten years, start- have to ask it to move its motors around.” monitor, however, the Basis B1 ing immediately, we will have a The technique through which Abbeel Band is connected to the cloud; more and more comprehensive teaches robots, called apprenticeship it will send data that it collects to view of how to treat people and learning, doesn’t teach the robots specific the cloud where it can later be ac- what the outcomes will be. But tasks. Instead, it teaches them general cessed, analyzed, and reviewed. it will be […] 20 years before we learning techniques. So far, Abbeel has According to Holove, continu- understand cancer at the same trained robots how to learn to perform ous monitoring enables people to level we understand HIV.” advanced helicopter aerobatics, laundry accurately quantify the amount of While gene sequencing will folding, and the arranging, sorting, and exercise they have done through- provide valuable information for Jaswanth Madhavan—The Tech bunching together of socks. out the day. “There are things in enabling personalized medicine, Ann Marie Sastry spoke at EmTech about doubling the range of our everyday life that do contrib- it will take time to determine electric vehicles with solid-state battery systems. 10

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SPorts Sports Sports Sports Sports Sports Sports Sports Sports Sports Sports Sports Tech The against theRays, andNelson hit three inonegame homeruns today Adrian Beltre, with who hittersmost inbaseball powerful gers. Texassome ofthe showedoff Gamethem win 6against theTi- field advantage, which helped the regular to earn home- season won their last six They games of muchpostseason differently. runs. by theirability to crank out home went onto beat theBrewers in6 pitching by Carpenter, Chris and Phillies in5thanks to incredibly takento be lightly.beat They the playoff opponents, are they not dominating theirNational League asmiraculous. described be After long shot that can their run only end ofAugust, andwere such a games theBraves behind at the pions. The Cardinalswere 10 Cham League American - against thedefending “Team ofDestiny” matchesries the accurate picks? making in- horribly our reputation for able be we shed to will and adinner ontheline, low). With bragging rights theTech’s by made be- Staff Sports (Even, perhaps, thepredictions series. insuch can ashort happen offs have already shown, anything remain.games Asthis year’s play- only seven months baseball, of Cardinals. After six-and-a-half Texas and Rangers theSt. Louis the are season,MLB only two left: the2011 begin the30teamsto Of After an exciting season, Rangers take on Louis Rangers Cardinals the take St. an season, exciting in the WorldAfter Series Rangers vs. win? the take Cardinals Who will Bobby Weber balances frisbee, school, and fun school, WeberBobby frisbee, balances glue social Ultimate The At generally does,” Bobby said. which he the team to victory, Isaac Entz single-handedly leads let alltheladies know about how sure Ialways out go ofmy way to it,team needs but just to make man. Idon’tthinkanyone onthe is probably that- ofteam wing most important ontheteam job ple. That was pretty funny! My players onour team were acou - ourvinced coach that ofthe two jokes. For instance, Ioncecon- lotsofinside and comeupwith Most ofwhat Idoismess around the younger players ontheteam. point] andgive of adviceto some [decide who isplaying onwhat barbecues. helpcall Ialso lines team like orteam team parties up different events social for our Conn [’13] [C.] Brian with to set roles,special onthefieldandoff. the team. In fact, hefills many mentor.”to allofusandatrue Isaacbe Entz. He isaninspiration our words, team intwo itwould siderably. Ihad “If to describe ’11, whomBobby admires con- UltimateMIT star Isaac T. Entz taken offormer underthewing row. to MIT, hegot When hewas at state ina competitions twice team that place achievedsecond andlaterschool played ona Ultimate club inhishigh frisbee his early years, Bobby an started Passionate aboutsince thesport Men’sfor theMIT Ultimate team. a junior inCourse 15, plays cutter The Rangers came into this This Se- World Editor’s Note: The FallClassic. When When asked about life on the “On team, thefrisbee Iwork Bobby isn’t only aplayer on “Bobby” Weber A. Robert ’13, lete of t of hlete Sports staff By Nidharshan By Nidharshan Anandasivam s p S orts taff h e week: Robe e week: equivalent in almost every area.equivalent inalmost every pulled early from agame. to be need if ibility their starters games. Thisgives Texas more flex relievers allfour history, won son - timeinpostsea only thesecond bullpen inbaseball.deepest For bullpen, which isarguably the ting in13 inasingle series. runs by hitting andbat six home runs record apostseason whoset Cruz, and high-scoring. shutwill themdown. show off the Rangers’ thatbullpen Cardinals, gameslikely these will With thepower hittingcy. ofthe beforeseries entering free agen- since thisishislastlent series pitcher Wilson to have an excel- against Detroit’s Miguel Cabrera. handle strong hitters after aseries but theRangers how learned to Pujols isthebesthitter coming in, bat was to starting heat up. Albert and inGame 6Michael Young’s shown how potent can they be, the Rangers. Beltre have andCruz postseason. but has unimpressive been inthe C.J. Wilson is the Rangers’ ace, work ormessing around.” is typically spent “either doing other day. The rest ofhistime days, team workouts with every team onMondays andThurs close.” get people some is Isaac Entzninebowls but with endless pasta. The current leader whocan eatden andsee themost day, Gar typically to we Olive go out foratournamentSun- every going competition. go After we remarked,also “We have anon- playfulness oftheteam, Bobby it should pretty go well.” actually to asawholeteam go so the firstbe tournament thatwe of week the first November. will It tournament isat Brown during thatsee out onthefield.Thenext alongget really and you well can camaraderie that have. we We all enjoy most about our team isthe team, Bobby said,thinkwhat “I I Robert A. “Bobby” Weber ’13(left). The Cardinals and Rangers are Texas relied heavily ontheir Prediction: Rangers in7 each game close to be Expect theRangers’Expect starting Overall, belongs theedge to inconsistent inrecent starts. Bobby practices the with Not hesitating to mention the Both teams haveBoth incredible the game but hehas been depth intheirbatting and best pitcher coming into everyone isathreateveryone to Chris CarpenterChris isthe hit a home run. Both Both hit ahomerun. have reliable bullpens. starting pitchers,starting but their with struggle —Nicholas Myers r t a . ‘ B - - obby’ W obby’ - - I am just trying out everything.”I amjust trying what Iwant to dointhefuture, so side. actually “I amunsure asto takes premed courses on the dent Ambassador to MIT. friends. Stu He- aGoogle is also and likes sports to hang out with Bobby plays also intramural that itto me,” isworth hesaid. night abad grade orget onatest, then ifIhave to stay uplate one ance isthat comefirst and sports mitment hiscoursework. with manages to balance this com- Ultimate schedule, but hestill Bobby. purple paint and glitter,” says onesIcustom madewith with replacing thehubcaps onhiscar my with room,messed Iam so people. In thisoneguy particular offensive firepower of Texas, they chance at competing against the St. Cardinals Louis want to have a pitcher Carpenter. like Chris Ifthe on the board,runs even against a as should nothave trouble putting shown thus farintheplayoffs, Tex age inbaseball. From what they’ve bestslugging percentthe second thebestbattingposted average and the regular theRangers season, should. —andthey During Series to dobetter inthisyear’s World co Giants, theTexas Rangers hope all last year against theSan Francis traitor …). (*cough*, be *cough*, pier Iwill Lance Berkman performs, thehap- baseball, know that theworse if you know anything about Texas holding thetrophy by theend.Also, fortheRangershis own,look to be this series, and if Wilson can hold games high forsome scoring look completelyson moot. In any case, points about to render Wil worries - offense may scorejust enough theotherhand, theRangers On hitters Pujols andLanceBerkman. the Cardinals offense, led by big- to stop work cut out forhimtrying have subpar. been Wilson has his Wilson’s performances postseason last year’s World team, Series and Rangers bullpen lack thedepthof Carpenter.Chris Wilson andthe versus that ofCardinals pitcher of Rangers pitcher C.J. Wilson ally comesdowntheperformance this year. That said, the matchup re- highest teams in baseball scoring ers andtheCardinals are ofthe two a battle asthe Rang oftheoffenses - Along with Course 15,Along with Bobby Outside ofclass and Ultimate, “My of method finding a bal - Bobby is kept busy his with love“I playing pranks on After falling short of winning it it ofwinning After falling short Prediction: Rangers in7 The going is be to Series World ebe —Carlos Greaves r ’13 - - - less in early September, when sim- - hope him.without seemed They —butsurvived they for theseason lost ace they Adam Wainwright training,hopeless inspring when The aboveCardsseemed .500). after finishing only fiveries games ago, the World won when they - Se St. demonstrated Louis five years records don’tmatter (as inOctober playingbe now, but regular season nals shouldn’t really still whiletheCardiseason - ter team intheregular the Rangers were abet Cardinals here. It’s true I’ll biased, not be argue forthe Texas andthus may ormay areother writers all from come out ontop. fought games, but theRangers will markeding series by close, hard- road. It should stillanexcit be theirhotbats,with onthe win will field advantage, but the Rangers, Series. ter going through last year’s World thebig stage with af comfortable C.J. Wilson, whoshould now be of hisrecent slump andadominant improved to break Colby out Lewis opportunities. But watch out foran cal andgive onbase themRBI get cially whenhitters like Rafael Fur problems for the Rangers, espe - day?” These Cardinal pose sluggers Lance Berkman, andMatt Holli- pitching against be Pujols, Albert “How theRangers will good tion is: Octavio Dotel. Octavio Dotel. quality pitching from relievers like to rely need will a lot more on some Sailing —Oberg Trophy Crew —Headof theCharles Sunday, Oct. 23 Women’s Volleyball vs.UMassBoston Men’s Fencing— Alumni Event Women’s Soccervs.CoastGuard Sailing —ObergTrophy Sport Taekwondo —MITTournament Crew —HeadoftheCharles Sat., Oct. 22 Upcoming Home E Considering thatConsidering thethree Prediction: Rangers in6 The Cardinalswill have home- On thedefensive side,On theques weather. week T T evis W. Nichols ’12, skipper, prepares for thethird Mid- —Nidharshan Anandasivam ech Regatta oftheyear on Wednesday intumultuous - - - - - will pitch past thefifthinningwill … staff isthe number who of starters better prediction forour sports teams’ bullpens, deep perhaps a Combining both factors with these to make unconventional decisions. ered and offenses managerswilling ing. teams Both have high-pow- Classic should highly be entertain - to stop.to be hot hitting,will hard thisoffense MVP,the NLCS can continue his day, andBerkman; ifDavid Freese, elite power-hitters inPujols, Holli- ter. The Cards, however, have three asafull-timedesignatedwell hit homeruns,and hissix ALCS as most motivated. test team intheplayoffs, andthe nals simply were, andare, thehot todogs theRangers, but theCardi- advance again. They’re still under of thethree games at Miller Park to out at two home—butwon they team that was next to unbeatable aMilwaukee faced they Brewers in theChampionship Series, when hopeless seemed They won. they starting rotation — but in history the Phillies andperhaps thebest Divisional Series,faced whenthey hopelessinthe seemed it. They ing theplayoffs — but they made percenta two chance ofeven mak ulations predicted had they under advantage, thanks theNational vents League’s in the All-Star victory Prediction: Cardinals in7 The Rangers have Cruz Nelson The Cardinals have home-field Friday, October 21,Friday, October 2011 1 p.m.,SteinbrennerStadium Game inJuly; want also they’ll to make themost- ofpoten tially their last games with tially theirlast games with 9:30 a.m.,Charles River 9:30 a.m.,CharlesRiver 2 p.m.,RockwellCage 9 a.m.,JohnsonTrack Albert Pujols in the Pujols inthe Albert parts in free agency. infreeparts agency. lineup before he de- 9 a.m.,CharlesRiver 9 a.m.,CharlesRiver Regardless, this Fall 1 p.m.,duPontGym J ared —David Zhu —David W ong - - - -