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Edited with the trial version of Foxit Advanced PDF Editor To remove this notice, visit: www.foxitsoftware.com/shopping Introduction to Photography Study Material for Students : Introduction to Photography CAREER OPPORTUNITIES IN MEDIA WORLD Mass communication and Journalism is institutionalized and source specific. It functions through well-organized professionals and has an ever increasing interlace. Mass media has a global availability and it has converted the whole world in to a global village. A qualified journalism professional can take up a job of educating, entertaining, informing, persuading, interpreting, and guiding. Working in print media offers the opportunities to be a news reporter, news presenter, an editor, a feature writer, a photojournalist, etc. Electronic media offers great opportunities of being a news reporter, news Edited with the trial version of editor, newsreader, programme host, interviewer, cameraman,Foxit Advanced producer, PDF Editor To remove this notice, visit: director, etc. www.foxitsoftware.com/shopping Other titles of Mass Communication and Journalism professionals are script writer, production assistant, technical director, floor manager, lighting director, scenic director, coordinator, creative director, advertiser, media planner, media consultant, public relation officer, counselor, front office executive, event manager and others. 2 : Introduction to Photography INTRODUCTION The book will introduce the student to the techniques of photography. The book deals with the basic steps in photography. Students will also learn the different types of photography. The book also focuses of the various parts of a photographic camera and the various tools of photography. Students will learn the art of taking a good picture. The book also has introduction to photojournalism and the basic steps of film Edited with the trial version of development in photography. Foxit Advanced PDF Editor To remove this notice, visit: www.foxitsoftware.com/shopping 3 Introduction to Photography INDEX 402 Introduction to Photography I. INTRODUCTION 5 - 3 3 1.1 Photography; 1.2 Photographic Camera & Types of camera 1.3 Camera; Parts of a Camera 1.3.1 Shutter 1.4 Kinds of Photography, 1.4.1 Infrared Photography Edited with the trial version of Foxit Advanced PDF Editor 1.4.2 Ultraviolet Photography To remove this notice, visit: 1.4.3. High-speed Photography www.foxitsoftware.com/shopping 1.4.4. Aerial Photography 1.4.5 Digital Photography 1.4.6. The Invention of Photography 1.4.7. The Daguerreotype 1.4.8. The Calotype 1.4.9. The Collodion Process 1.4.10. The Impact of Early Photography 1.4.11. Further Developments 1.5 History & Development of Photography, 1.6 Tools of Photography, 1.6.1. Photography Styles UNIT 2. PHOTOJOURNALISM 33-57 2.1. Role of Photojournalism 2.2. Importance of Photojournalism 2.3. Elements of Photography 2.4. Point of Interest 2.5. Rule of Thirds 2.6. Role of Visualizations 2.7. Photographer’s jargon 2.8. Photographic equipment: Choice of Cameras 2.9. The Role Film and the Cut Film 2.10. Compositions 2.11. Cameras and Photo: 2.11.1. Shutter 2.11.2 Film Format 2.11.3 Basics of Film Speed 2.11.4 Processing your Photo 2.12. Photo editing 4 Introduction to Photography UNIT 3. TYPES OF PHOTOS 57-77 3.1. Portrait Photography 3.2. Still Photography 3.3. Wildlife Photography 3.4. Disaster Photography 3.5. Sports Photography 3.6. Political Photography 3.7. Weather & Environment Photography 3.8. War Photography 3.9. Advertising Photography 3.10. Landscape Photography Edited with the trial version of 3.11. Social Photography Foxit Advanced PDF Editor To remove this notice, visit: 3.12. News Photography www.foxitsoftware.com/shopping UNIT 4. NEWS VALUES FOR PICTURES: 7 7 - 9 5 4.1. PHOTO ESSAY 5.1 Photo Features 5.2 Picture Magazines 5.4 Color Photography 5.5 Impact Of Technology 5.6. Photography Lighting Techniques 5.7. Film Development 5.8. Photo Paper 5.9. Chemicals And Equipment Summery 9 5 Questions for practice 9 9 Suggested Readings 100 5 : Introduction to Photography SYLLABUS Introduction to Photography Edited with the trial version of Photography; Foxit Advanced PDF Editor To remove this notice, visit: Meaning, www.foxitsoftware.com/shopping Definition & History of Photography, Tools of Photography, Camera; Parts of a Camera Shutter, Apertures, Lens, Films, Types of Camera, Quality of Photograph, Role of Visualizations, Shots, Roles of Lightings, How to take a good picture, Role of Subject, Editing & Development of Photograph. Manual & Computerized Composition of Photograph, Photo Journalism, its Role & Importance 6 Introduction to Photography INTRODUCTION TO PHOTOGRAPHY OBJECTIVES Edited with the trial version of Foxit Advanced PDF Editor to introduce the student to the techniques of photography To remove this notice, visit: to deal with the basic steps in photography www.foxitsoftware.com/shopping learn the different types of photography to know the various parts of a photographic camera and the various tools of photography tolearn the art of taking a good picture. to introduce the students to photojournalism and the basic steps of film development in photography INTRODUCTION Photography is the process of forming stable or permanent visible images directly or indirectly by the action of light or other forms of radiation on sensitive surfaces. Traditional photography uses the action of light to cause changes in a film of silver halide crystals in which development converts exposed silver halide to non -sensitive) metallic silver. Following exposure in a camera or other device, the film or plate is developed, fixed in a solution that dissolves the undeveloped silver halide, washed to remove the soluble salts, and dried. Printing from the original, if required, is done by contact or optical projection onto a second emulsion-coated material, and a similar sequence of processing steps is followed. Digital photography captures images directly with an electronic photo sensor. 1.1. Photography isthe process of making pictures by means of capturing light on a light-sensitive medium, such as a sensor orfilm. Light patterns reflected or emitted from objects are recorded onto a sensitive medium or storage chip through a timed exposure. The most common process is done through mechanical, chemical o r digital devices known as cameras. 7 : Introduction to Photography Theword comes from the Greek words phos "light", and graphis "stylus", "paintbrush" or "representation by means of lines" or "drawing", together meaning "drawing with light." Traditionally the product of photography has been called a photograph. The term photo is an abbreviation; many people also call them pictures. In digital photography, the term image has begun to replace photograph the term image is traditional in geometric optics. 1.2.Photographic Cameras Thecamera is the image-forming device, and photographic film is the recording medium.Edited with the trialA version camera of Foxit Advanced PDF Editor works somewhat likeTo remove thisthe notice, visit:human eye, capturing reflectedwww.foxitsoftware.com/shopping light from objects and through a camera lens and focusing those light rays into an image. Traditionally cameras recorded the image onto film. More recently through the development of computer chips, many cameras capture their images on a computer chip. The computer chip then allows the conversion of the image to digital data. Regardless of whether the photography is film or digital-based, the images can be made permanent and seen by an unlimited number of people. Photographers control the camera and lens to "expose" the light recording material usually film or a charge-coupled device; a complementary metal-oxide- semiconductor may also be used to the required amount of light. After processing, this produces an image. Types of Camera SLR Single Lens Reflex : The viewfinder sees the same image as the main lens, i.e. what you see is what you get. SLRs also allow you to change lenses for different purposes. This is a hugely popular type of camera, pretty much the standard for enthusiasts and professionals. 8 ntroduction to Photography Viewfinder or range f inder): In this type of camera the viewfinder is separate to the lens. This is common in cheap cameras, although some professional cameras also use this configuration. The main problem with a separate viewfinder is that the image you see may not be quite the same as the image that gets recorded. This limitation is overcome in professional cameras by using viewfinders that compensate for the different positions. Viewfinder cameras do have some advantages; for example, lower noise and higher light levels to the viewfinder. Twin reflex: The camera has two lenses — one for the photograph and one for the viewfinder. This type of camera has certain advantages in some professional situations. Edited with the trial version of Foxit Advanced PDF Editor V i e w : A flexible bellows joins two standards — one with theTo remove lens this notice, and visit: the other with the viewfinder or film. This allows for unusualwww.foxitsoftware.com/shopping types of composition; for example, distorting the shape of the image by skewing the film plane. Pinhole: A very simple camera without a lens. The controls usually include but are not limited to the following: Focus of the lens Aperture of the lens – adjustment of the iris, measured as f-number, which controls the amount of light entering the lens. Aperture also has an effect on focus and depth of field, namely, the smaller the opening aperture), the less light but the greater the depth of field--that is, the greater the range within which objects appear to be sharply focused. Shutter speed – adjustment of the speed often expressed either as fractions of seconds or as an angle, with mechanical shutters of the shutter to control the amount of time during which the imaging medium is exposed to light for each exposure. Shutter speed may be used to control the amount of light striking the image plane; 'faster' shutter speeds that is, those of shorter duration decrease both the amount of light and the amount of image blurring from subject motion or camera motion.
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