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PLUS: LONDON TUNNELS, HEROES PYLON COMPETITION, WIN .HHSLQJWKHPHPRULHVDOLYHDWWKH 1DWLRQDO0HPRULDO$UERUHWXPLQ6WDIIRUGVKLUH A TWO-NIGHT HOTEL BREAK National Grid’s Land and Development Group The Land and Development Group is responsible for acquiring all rights and permissions from statutory authorities and landowners needed to install, operate and maintain National Grid’s electricity and gas transmission networks. The Group acts as the main interface for landowners who have gas and electricity equipment installed on their land. Your local contacts are listed below. Electricity and gas 12 O5VY[O^LZ[HUK:JV[SHUK 0161 776 0706 O:V\[OLHZ[01268 642 091 O:V\[O^LZ[01452 316 059 O,HZ[0113 290 8235. Wayleave payments Contents O-VYPUMVYTH[PVUVU^H`SLH]LWH`TLU[Z News [LSLWOVUL[OLWH`TLU[ZOLSWSPULVU 0800 389 5113. Going underground in London 14 Electricity emergency Hinkley power connection update O,TLYNLUJ`JHSSZ[VYLWVY[W`SVU KHTHNL[V5H[PVUHS.YPKJHUILTHKLVU Features 0800 404 090.5V[L[OL[V^LY»ZU\TILY ¶MV\UKQ\Z[ILSV^[OLWYVWLY[`WSH[L¶[V How National Grid is planning OLSWJYL^ZSVJH[LP[ to maintain the nation’s energy supplies Electric and in the face of inevitable climate change magnetic fields CASE STUDY O-VYPUMVYTH[PVUVULSLJ[YPJHUK Electric vehicles could help THNUL[PJÄLSKZJHSS[OL,4-PUMVYTH[PVU wean the UK off its addiction to 16 SPULVU08457 023 270SVJHSJHSSYH[L fossil fuel >LIZP[L!^^^LTMZPUMV ENVIRONMENT Gas emergency National Grid is supporting O0800 111 999. habitat improvement projects in Dial before you dig Wales and Yorkshire O)LMVYLJHYY`PUNV\[HU`^VYRPU[OL PROFILE ]PJPUP[`VMNHZWPWLSPULZV]LYOLHKWV^LY The National Memorial SPULZVY\UKLYNYV\UKLSLJ[YPJJHISLZ`V\ Arboretum in Staffordshire – a gas ZOV\SKJVU[HJ[7SHU[7YV[LJ[PVUVU grantor – celebrates its 10th anniversary 0800 688 588ZV[OH[ZLHYJOLZJHUIL this year as the UK’s centre for 08 THKL[VKL[LYTPUL[OLL_HJ[WVZP[PVUVM HU`5H[PVUHS.YPKHZZL[Z remembrance Customer comments O>YP[L[V3HUK +L]LSVWTLU[ Competition page 5H[PVUHS.YPK/V\ZL>HY^PJR ;LJOUVSVN`7HYR.HSSV^Z/PSS>HY^PJR Another chance to win a >HY^PJRZOPYL*= +(6YLTHPS two-night stay at The Belfry and SKJ\Z[VTLYJVTTLU[Z'\RUNYPKJVT a £150 Marks & Spencer giftcard
04 Gridline Welcome to
;\YU[VWHNLMVY[OLYLZ\S[VMSHZ[ PZZ\L»ZWOV[VJVTWL[P[PVU *ULGOLQH M&S giftcard With Christmas just a couple of weeks away, it’s my competition winner Congratulations to Staffordshire pleasure to wish all our readers a very happy holiday period electricity and gas grantor David and a peaceful new year Grove of Church Farm, Harlaston, near Tamworth, who is the winner of Gridline’s £150 M&S giftcard A huge thanks to the role that electric vehicles could play competition in the last issue. all of you who used in achieving the UK’s target of cutting
The 200-acre family farm is the pre-paid form CO2 emissions by 80 per cent by 2050. contract farmed by neighbouring in the last issue of Experts say that decarbonising transport landowners. Gridline to tell us is an essential step in this journey. “I’m now in semi-retirement, of your changes. On page 14, we follow two which means that I’ve got a bit more time to myself,” said David. We received such green initiatives being supported by “This is how I came to enter the an enthusiastic National Grid. The projects show how competition in Gridline. With response that we’re still processing the opportunities sometimes arise during Christmas coming up, it’s fantastic forms. So if your details are unchanged essential works to support local initiatives to win this prize and my wife as yet, please be patient with us. that benefit the local environment and Wenda and I will put the giftcard Our main feature on page 8 looks at community. to very good use.” how National Grid is taking ‘climate Our grantor profile on page 16 focuses adaptation’ measures to prepare for the on the National Memorial Arboretum warmer, wetter winters, hot summers, in Staffordshire, a wonderfully peaceful *HWLQWRXFK and more extreme weather events that haven dedicated to the memories of those 3OHDVHFRQWDFW*ULGOLQHLI scientists say will become the norm. who have given their lives, been injured, O@V\OH]LHU`UL^Z[OH[`V\[OPUR Going the extra mile now to make or served their country in peace and war. ^V\SKILVMPU[LYLZ[[VV[OLYNYHU[VYZ equipment climate-change resilient, O@V\[OPUR`V\YI\ZPULZZVYOVII` means that it will still be doing the job ^V\SKTHRLHNVVKHY[PJSL O@V\OH]LHU`Z\NNLZ[PVUZMVY[VWPJZ in 40 years’ time, and we won’t need to `V\^V\SKSPRL[VZLLPU.YPKSPUL come back to replace it. Dawn McCarroll Our case study on page 12 looks at Editor, Gridline .YPKSPULPZWYVK\JLK I`:\TTLYZH\S[ *VTT\UPJH[PVUZ >H[LYSVV7SHJL>HY^PJR :[YLL[3LHTPUN[VU:WH GOT A STORY? >HY^PJRZOPYL*= 3( TEL: 01926 656 325, email: [email protected] ;VJVU[HJ[.YPKSPUL or write to: Gridline, Summersault Communications, WOVUL LTHPSNYPKSPUL'\RUNYPKJVTVY^YP[L[V 23-25 Waterloo Place, Warwick Street, Leamington Spa, [OLHKKYLZZHIV]L Warwickshire CV32 5LA.
Gridline [ 03 For more information… Tel: 01926 656 325 email: [email protected] www.nationalgrid.com NewsSPUL ;OLSH[LZ[UL^ZMYVTNational GridHUKP[ZUH[PVU^PKLNYHU[VYUL[^VYR
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Cleopatra arrives in London A massive tunnel-boring machine is carving out a subterranean superhighway beneath London to ensure the capital continues to receive the power supplies it needs
THE STATE-OF-THE-ART MACHINE, up London’s road network, which 100 metres in length, will dig the first would risk major disruption,” said phase of the London Power Tunnels’ David Luetchford, National Grid project project tunnel from a site in Haringey. manager. “It also means we can easily The machine has officially been access the tunnels to carry out future christened Cleopatra after a Tottenham maintenance work.” Cub Scout Libby O’Shea, 9, won a The tunnels will be up to 60 metres National Grid competition to name it. deep to avoid existing infrastructure, Cleopatra was lowered into a specially and will travel both under and above prepared shaft earlier this autumn and the London Underground in places. tunnelling began soon afterwards. Once The future position of Crossrail (a up to full speed, Cleopatra will travel at a new railway linking Maidenhead and steady rate of 120 metres a week. Moving Heathrow in the west, to Shenfield and along a predetermined route, she will line Abbey Wood in the east) and Tideway the tunnel with pre-prepared concrete (London’s super sewer project) have also segments as she moves along, making it been taken into account. ready for the installation of 400kV high- London currently accounts for voltage cables. 20 per cent of the UK’s electricity usage The new cables will connect National and demand is growing by three to five Grid’s existing substations at Wimbledon, per cent a year. The 32km of new tunnels St John’s Wood, Willesden and Hackney. and their 400kV cables won’t be in place &+5,67(1,1* *\IZJV\[3PII`6»:OLH “By housing the cables deep and commissioned until 2018, but will ^OVZ\NNLZ[LK[OLUHTL*SLVWH[YH underground, we are avoiding digging have a lifespan of at least 50 years.
04 [ Gridline National Grid News to use barges in brief ENVIRONMENTALLY friendly barges will be used to SUPER GRID ship materials from a regeneration (YLWVY[I`47ZVU project at a former gas works site [OL*VTTVUZ,ULYN` &217$&7 in Tower Hamlets, London. HUK*SPTH[L*OHUNL 7\ISPJMLLKIHJR Paul Mantell, commercial :LSLJ[*VTTP[[LLOHZ OHZPUMVYTLK[OL property manager for National JVUJS\KLK[OH[HUL^ YV\[LWSHUZH[ Grid, explained: “The River ,\YVWLHUZ\WLYNYPK L]LY`Z[HNL Lea provides us with the perfect ^V\SKHSSV^5H[PVUHS opportunity to use barges to .YPK[VIHSHUJLZ\WWS` remove the materials from the HUKKLTHUKTVYL site, rather than adding to road LMMLJ[P]LS` Hinkley Point nuclear congestion with lorries.” (UPU[LNYH[LK Gas manufacturing at the site VMMZOVYLNYPK^V\SKIL connection update ceased in the 1960s, but gas ULLKLKMVY[OL<2[V holders remain in operation. JVUULJ[[OL [V NATIONAL GRID HAS Further detailed consultation Once the work is completed, ^PUKMHYTZPU[OL5VY[O promised to explore ways to will take place during 2012 National Grid will hand over :LHWSHUULKI` lessen the visual impact of a with regard to route options, part of the site to form the *\YYLU[WSHUZYLX\PYL new 400kV power connection the location of new substations backbone of the new Lea River HIV\[ ZLWHYH[L to Hinkley Point C nuclear and areas where the connection Park walkway between the SHUKPUNWVPU[ZMVY power station in Somerset. can be placed underground. Thames and the Olympic Park. [OL^PUKMHYTZI\[ The preferred route corridor “In their feedback, many 5H[PVUHS.YPKTHPU[HPUZ was announced after two people told us they wanted [OLU\TILYJV\SKIL years of consultations with the cables put underground OHS]LKPMHJVVYKPUH[LK the public and other interested and, as we continue our VMMZOVYLNYPK^LYL parties. Some 8,000 responses consultation, we anticipate HKVW[LK were analysed. that the fi nal plans will include The preferred route corridor some underground as well as involves replacing an existing overhead lines,” said senior 132kV overhead line between project manager Peter Bryant. Bridgewater and Avonmouth with a new 400kV overhead connection. As a direct result For more of feedback, elements of a information… second route corridor option go to: www.nationalgrid.com/ 5,9(5 7H\S4HU[LSS^P[OVUL were chosen for other sections. hinkleyconnection. VM[OLIHYNLZILPUNSVHKLK BE ONE IN A MILLION PZ[OL8\LLU»Z +PHTVUK1\IPSLLHUK [OYV\NOV\[[OPZOPZ[VYPJ [OHUUP]LYZHY``LHY One minute interview [OL>VVKSHUK;Y\Z[»Z Michael Dutton, lands offi cer south-east 1\IPSLL>VVKZWYVQLJ[ OHZ[OLVIQLJ[P]L[V Background: I joined Dream job: A top-fl ight architect, having the WSHU[ZP_TPSSPVU[YLLZ National Grid in July chance to say: ‘I designed that’, and knowing that ;OL;Y\Z[PZOVWPUN 2010 as part of the trainee it could be enjoyed by many for hundreds of years. H[SLHZ[VULTPSSPVU lands offi cer scheme, after Ideal dinner guest: Boxing legend Muhammad Ali WLVWSL^PSSNL[PU]VS]LK completing a four-year – the man who used to ‘fl oat like a butterfl y and PU[OLWYVQLJ[^OPJO^PSS building surveying degree sting like a bee’. PTWYV]L[OLLU]PYVUTLU[ at Coventry University. Favourite fi lm: Snatch, directed by Guy Ritchie, MVYWLVWSLHUK^PSKSPML Current focus: Working on a major overhead because it’s so full of humorous lines. 1\IPSLL[YLLWHJRZ refurbishment project in Norfolk – the largest If you won the lottery, what would you buy? HYLH]HPSHISLMVY being delivered in the region this year. Either a yacht or a helicopter – boys’ toys! JVTT\UP[PLZHUK What do you like about your job? No two days Pet hate: Extremely ‘slow’ over-cautious drivers ZJOVVSZ4VYL are the same, and each project has different and poor drivers who sit far too close to the PUMVYTH[PVUH[!^^^ challenges regardless of the size of the job. steering wheel. Q\IPSLL^VVKZVYN\R
Gridline [ 05 Newsline
Carrying power into the future A competition to unearth a 21st-century alternative to traditional designs of pylon has unveiled its winner
%2/'1(:9,6,21 ;OL^PUUPUN;7`SVULU[Y` ^HZJVUZPKLYLK[VTLYNLPU[V[OLSHUKZJHWL^LSS IT’S A FACT… AN INNOVATIVE T-SHAPED DESIGN designs, which both had ‘strong visual appeal has won a competition to find a new and characteristics that could work well in OThere are 22,000 towers on electricity pylon design, run by the different landscapes’. National Grid’s transmission Department of Energy and Climate Change A significant number of new transmission network in England and Wales. in conjunction with the Royal Institute of routes are needed in coming years to connect OThe traditional steel lattice British Architects and National Grid. new wind farms and nuclear power plants. tower stands some 165ft high The T-Pylon design from Danish company In September, National Grid announced and weighs 30 tonnes. Bystrup beat five finalists (below) in the a new approach to the design and routeing OBritain needs the equivalent of contest, which attracted 250 entries overall. of transmission towers. After concluding a 20 new power stations by 2020. Nick Winser, executive director of six-month consultation, the company said OThe present style of tower dates National Grid, said it would be working it would place more emphasis on mitigating from a 1927 competition. with Bystrup to develop the design further. their visual impact – in balance with the need ORunning cables underground “In the T-Pylon, we have a design that has to minimise household energy bills. costs from £15-£20 million a mile – the potential to be a real improvement on the A range of mitigation measures will be 10 times more than overhead lines. steel lattice tower. It’s shorter, lighter, and the considered on a case-by-case basis, such as OTo meet climate change simplicity of the design means it would fit undergrounding electricity cables, subsea targets, 30 per cent of electricity into the landscape more easily.” cables, rerouteing round sensitive areas of supplies must come from National Grid will also give further special landscape value, and alternative renewables by 2020. consideration to the Totem and Silhouette pylon designs.
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06 [ Gridline 3URMHFWZDWFK A round-up of current and forthcoming projects around the country
COTTAM TO WEST CELLARHEAD TO CARRINGTON 1 BURTON OVERHEAD 2 OVERHEAD POWER LINE LINE REFURBISHMENT REFURBISHMENT
WHEN: August to October 2011 WHEN: October 2011 to Summer 2012 WHY: Over the past two years, National WHY: National Grid needs to refurbish Grid has been upgrading the existing more than 180 spans of overhead line Cottam 400kV substation – an important between Cellarhead, Staffordshire and hub of the nation’s electricity transmission Carrington, south of Manchester, as well as system – to enable improved power fl ows another 20 towers that branch off towards in this part of the country. Macclesfi eld. WHAT: The 7km Cottam to West Burton WHAT: The line crosses three counties, section has been restrung with a new type including rural parts of Cheshire and of conductor, which relies on a carbon Staffordshire, as well as more built-up fi bre core, rather than steel, for its tensile areas near Manchester. National Grid will strength. All conductors heat and expand keep landowners and residents near to the when increased electrical load is carried, line updated about the project. Ecological giving rise to conductor sag. However, studies were conducted, to ensure any because carbon fi bre is less prone to heat impact on the local area is minimised. expansion than steel, it enables a line to Some tower steelwork replacement began run at a higher operating capacity without in October, with conductors, fi xtures and any danger of sag infringing safety fi ttings due to be replaced in the spring and clearances with the ground. summer of next year.
HUTTON SUBSTATION FAWLEY TO LOVEDEAN 3 EXPANSION 4 OVERHEAD LINE REFURBISHMENT
WHEN: Late summer 2012 (subject to planning permission) WHEN: March to July 2012 WHY: National Grid plans to install WHY: Full refurbishment is required on the 3 new equipment (‘series compensation’ 400kV overhead line. capacitor banks) at Hutton substation WHAT: The 22.4km route, with 65 towers, in Cumbria. The upgrade will enable passes over a mixture of residential, business an extra 1,000 megawatts (MW) of and rural land. The route crosses valuable electricity to pass through existing ecological sites, including Botley Wood, 1 overhead power lines – enough to power a Site of Special Scientifi c Interest, which around 800,000 homes. hosts National Grid’s substation. Vegetation WHAT: Raising the capacity will enable clearance is scheduled to be completed 2 an increased transfer of green renewable by February to avoid disturbance energy between Scotland and England, to nesting birds and dormice (a helping to meet climate change targets. protected species). Fittings-only Overhead power lines from Harker, near refurbishment is also planned on 62 Carlisle, to Hutton, and from Hutton to towers from Fawley to Nursling (October Heysham, on the west Lancashire coast, 2012), and on a single circuit from 4 will be refurbished in 2013 as part of the Nursling to Manningham, involving planned upgrade in the region. 115 towers (September 2012).
Gridline [ 07 Feature Climate change adaptation
Future-proofing for a changing world With climate change likely to cause increasingly challenging weather conditions in the future, how will National Grid ensure that homes continue to enjoy uninterrupted supplies of electricity and gas?
THE EARTH’S CLIMATE IS CHANGING, simply, dealing with the causes of climate “But at the same time, there is a need to and the overwhelming majority of scientists change is mitigation, dealing with the plan and adapt to the climate change that agree that this is largely due to rising consequences is adaptation.” we cannot avoid due to past greenhouse gas concentrations of heat-trapping greenhouse Mitigation efforts in the UK are focused emissions, so that we can reduce potential gases in the atmosphere as a result of on reducing greenhouse gases by 80 per cent disruption by making assets more resilient, human activities. by 2050, as required by the 2008 Climate and deal with the remaining consequences,” The burning of fossil fuels has contributed Change Act. added Steve. to a 37 per cent increase in carbon dioxide The British government is investing £200 entering the atmosphere since 1850. billion in new infrastructure over the next TRIED AND TESTED Rising global temperatures are already five years to decarbonise the economy, In February 2011, National Grid was altering weather patterns. According to the particularly in energy and transport, and among seven critical, national infrastructure authoritative UK Climate Projections 2009 introduce more renewable energy. organisations to produce climate change (UKCP09), the country will experience adaptation reports for the government, hotter and drier summers, and warmer and detailing how they are assessing and acting wetter winters over the coming decades, as on the risks from a changing climate. CARBON COST: well as long-term rises in sea levels. There The reports on the gas and electricity Burning fossil fuels will also be more flooding, faster coastal networks concluded that they have a high has contributed to erosion, more heatwaves, droughts and degree of resilience to climate change. climate change extreme weather events. “We have invested heavily in research and development over the past five years with CHANGES AND CHALLENGES climate scientists at the Met Office Hadley Certain areas, such as floodplains, estuaries Centre, The Environment Agency and and large urban areas, may face more energy network operators, to better pronounced changes and challenges. For understand and prepare for the impacts example, large urban areas are more of climate change,” said Gary Thornton, vulnerable to hot summer days and nights, asset strategy engineering manager, due to the urban heat island effect. electricity transmission, at National Grid. Responding to climate change requires “Our electricity infrastructure is designed two kinds of action, explained Steve to international standards, using equipment Wallace, head of climate change and tried and tested in climates around the world environment at National Grid. “To put it that are far more challenging than those
08 [ Gridline “There is a need to plan and adapt to the climate change that we cannot avoid due to past greenhouse gas emissions” Feature Climate change adaptation
that are projected for the UK in 2080.” Because they are underground, gas FLOOD RISK: Concentrated episodes pipelines are protected from many of the of rainfall pose a threat of flash flooding effects of climate change. National Grid chose to test its assets against the worst-case scenario for greenhouse gas levels by 2080, as modelled by climate change prediction data from UKCP09. In this ‘least-likely’ scenario, summer average temperatures rise by up to eight degrees, heavy rainfall more than triples, and sea levels rise by 43cm. Key climate change vulnerabilities for the energy sector were identified as higher summer temperatures, an increased intensity of rainfall, and higher flood risk. A need for more research was indicated for low wind speed (dead calm) events with high ambient temperatures, and an increased frequency and intensity of lightning, snow, sleet, blizzard, ice and freezing fog.
CASCADE FAILURE Another key focus for government is how “We are future-proofing climate change poses a risk to the so-called our equipment, so we ‘interdependencies’ between critical infrastructure organisations in the water, don’t have to redo it” energy, transport and information communications technology (ICT) sectors. remote substation control and protection. One concern is ‘cascade failure’ – where “In the rare event of an outage, the power the collapse of one aspect of infrastructure, cut tends to be localised, supplies are usually such as a substation, could lead to a power rerouted to maintain services, and there’s cut, which has a knock-on effect on, say, a normally no threat to the whole system.” water treatment plant. In turn, this could National Grid’s transmission networks CITY HEAT: Higher summer temperatures threaten water supplies. maintain world-class standards, with can create a heat-sink effect “The electricity transmission system has a reliability scores of 99.9999 per cent for high degree of independence,” said Gary. electricity and 100 per cent for gas. substation being inundated, National Grid “We have back-up battery systems at all This overall resilience was evident in the engineers ensured continued supplies to substations, diesel generators at all but the 2007 floods, some of the worst in living Gloucestershire and Worcestershire. smallest substations, and a completely memory, which affected the South Midlands Going forward, huge future investment in independent communications system for and Yorkshire. Despite part of Walham networks to connect new sources of energy and increase energy security are likely to provide ongoing opportunities to accommodate adaptation to climate change. HAZARD WATCH Pandemic human disease “The overall message is that we are Natural hazards are building the infrastructure of tomorrow, Costal flooding ranked high on the with a view to operating it for the next 40
government’s National Higher impact years, and being resilient to future climate Major industrial accidents Attacks on Risk Register, which Attacks on crowded places change,” said Steve. “We are future-proofing infrastructure monitors the most Major transport Attacks on our equipment, so we don’t have to redo it significant potential accidents Inland flooding transport all at a later date.” Cyber attacks: Severe weather emergencies that could infrastructure affect the country
over an immediate Cyber attacks: data For more information... five-year period. Animal disease confidentiality on National Grid’s Climate Change Adaptation reports see: www.nationalgrid. Source: Cabinet Office (2010) Lower impact Weather-related risks are coloured orange Lower likelihood Higher likelihood com/corporate/Our+Responsibility/News/ newsccadaptation.htm.
10 [ Gridline OUT OF HARM’S WAY The new Tilbury 400kV GIS substation is built in the River Thames floodplain. “The GIS switchroom is raised on 4-metre-high stilts, designed to protect against a worst-case tidal surge in the River Thames,” said site manager Nick Walsh. “Because of the soft floodplain deposits, the structure is supported by 500 piles, driven through silt and gravel layers into firmer chalk formations 26.5 metres below.” Whatever the weather National Grid’s climate adaptation MORE SEVERE AND reports detail the most likely impacts FREQUENT FLOODING on its infrastructure from ‘worst-case O Flood mitigation work is being prioritised scenario’ climate change in the at 11 existing substation sites that are at risk coming decades of a 1 in 100-year fluvial (river) and tidal flood event. Assessments are also under way HIGHER SUMMER TEMPERATURES on the risks posed from other sources of O Warmer air temperatures in summer flooding, including pluvial (extreme rainfall). EMERGENCY: Temporary flood may have the effect of limiting the load A 1.7km mobile flood defence system can be defences can be deployed at substations (current) that can be carried by overhead deployed to substations anywhere in the transmission lines, leading to a marginal country within 12-24 hours. All new lowering of overall system capacity. But substations and gas compressor stations are this will be more than compensated for by designed to be resilient to a 1 in 1,000-year the major upgrading and expansion of the flood event. grid over the coming years to enable a O Fifty-seven substations are potentially low-carbon future and a smarter grid. vulnerable to flooding, due to their O Increased demand (for air conditioning co-location with power stations. No etc) is likely to result in a flatter seasonal immediate threats are foreseen if the demand curve for electricity, making it Environment Agency maintains flood harder to take circuits out of service in defences to existing protection standards. summer for planned maintenance. O Gas pipelines may potentially be at Equipment improvements are being risk from coastal and river erosion, and targeted to deliver better fault rectification ground movements arising from increased and reduce maintenance requirements. rainfall and flash flooding. Older iron pipes IT’S A FACT… O Changing supply and demand flows on in gas distribution are being replaced OApril 2011 was the warmest on the gas transmission system (including gradually with polyethylene versions record (since 1910). increased east-west transfers) means that resistant to subsidence. More reliance will be OThe summer floods of 2007 cost some compressor stations not designed to placed on tunnelling and directional drilling the UK economy more than £4 billion. operate in summer months now do so. in construction projects at river crossings, as OSince the 1970s, average Improved cooling systems to handle hotter opposed to trenching. It is easier to bury temperatures for central England summer weather will be phased in as they pipelines in the ground by this method and have risen by 1˚C. are required. so river erosion is less likely.
Gridline [ 11 Case study Electric vehicles
CHARGING AHEAD: After a slow start, electric vehicles are beginning to be seen on British streets
Plugging in to an ELECTRIC FUTURE
Holliday said there would eventually need to They’re quiet in operation, free from noxious be ‘a huge shift on to electric road transport exhaust fumes, and could play a key role in cutting to meet carbon reduction targets’. He added that there could potentially be a million EVs carbon emissions and tackling climate change on the road as early as 2020. Since January, subsidies of up to £5,000 NISSAN LEAF ELECTRIC VEHICLES are practical, and have low running costs.” have been available for purchasers of electric (EVs) are the perfect solution for National Electric vehicle is the umbrella term for or plug-in hybrid vehicles. Owners pay no Grid staff in London, who are working on vehicles powered, in part or in full, by a road tax or congestion charges (in London) an eight-year project to construct tunnels for battery plugged directly into mains electricity, and qualify for free parking in some areas. a new high-voltage cable network. such as pure-electric, plug-in hybrid and There are also plans to boost the number of Project inspectors are using five of the extended-range electric vehicles. plug-in charge points in London and other vehicles to travel between tunnel shaft sites in cities from about 1,000 to 11,000 by 2013. and around the capital. The vehicles are HUGE SHIFT Despite this, take-up has been sluggish, recharged at National Grid’s sites in Road transport contributes about 22 per with EVs currently accounting for just 2,000
Willesden and Hackney. cent of the UK’s CO2 emissions, and its of the 28.5 million vehicles on the roads. “They’re ideal for short trips on congested electrification (along with heating) is seen as Experts blame a lack of choice, high upfront streets,” said Paul de Jong, safety and an essential step in achieving an 80 per cent prices, as well as the limited range of vehicles sustainability manager at National Grid. cut in carbon emissions by 2050. and a relative scarcity of charging points. “They’re exempt from congestion charges, National Grid’s chief executive Steve EVs have zero tailpipe emissions when
12 [ Gridline “Further into the future, Vehicle-to-Grid or ‘reverse charging’ technology could become valuable”
emissions). And it would help accommodate the intermittent nature of renewable energy EFFICIENCY such as wind farms. A battery and electric motor is more CUTTING CARBON: Zero tailpipe Further into the future, Vehicle-to-Grid efficient than an internal combustion emissions, but take-up is slow (V2G) or ‘reverse charging’ technology could engine (ICE), with about 80 per cent of become valuable. In this scenario, the battery the stored energy driving the wheels in powered solely by their batteries, but are becomes an electricity storage mechanism, contrast to ICEs (20 per cent efficient). only as low-carbon as the electricity that acting as an energy buffer for balancing charges them. For that reason, some of the services, enabling energy to be transferred greenest diesel cars are currently comparable to the grid at times of peak demand. to EVs in their ‘well to wheel’ emissions. But if 40 per cent of electricity is sourced STORED POWER from low-carbon sources by 2020, as the Instead of disconnecting wind turbines when government hopes, significant emissions they risk overloading the grid, for example, savings over fossil fuel cars are likely. V2G systems could store that power in parked plug-in EVs and retrieve it when the CHALLENGES wind dies down. If in the 2020s there are up to 1.5 million A report produced by National Grid and EVs on the road, some experts believe the Ricardo earlier this year suggests that by RANGE increased demand for electricity could pose 2020, demand-side management alone could The range of EVs is limited to about challenges and opportunities for National provide up to 10 per cent of the UK’s daily 100 miles on a full charge. However, Grid and the distribution networks in balancing service requirements. the average daily distance travelled by balancing supply and demand. However, the upfront cost of the two-way British drivers is just 25 miles, and the Initially, the impact is expected to be more charging system needed for V2G would be length of a single journey 8.6 miles. significant for distribution networks as prohibitive in most cases, except for where clustering and hotspots of EVs emerge, there are fleets dedicated to industrial or causing local demand spikes. local deliveries, for example, where the costs RUNNING COSTS “Smart meters in the home (mass roll-out could be shared across many vehicles. The AA calculates EVs can be run for from 2014), in combination with intelligent “The speed at which EVs achieve mass about 2p a mile, against 14p a mile for charging systems, will be needed at that penetration in the UK is open to debate, but a similar size diesel or petrol car. time,” agreed Mike Edgar, business strategy it seems likely they will become an development manager at National Grid. increasingly important element in our “The smart meter and a smarter grid will low-carbon energy future,” said Mike. CHARGING enable local distribution networks and An EV battery energy suppliers to manage large numbers of that has a EVs by enabling demand-side response 100-mile range (DSR) of consumer behaviour – interrupting, takes 6-8 hours delaying or bringing forward recharging to to recharge from avoid grid imbalances.” a domestic 3kW For example, owners could be incentivised power supply, but through lower pricing tariffs to charge fast-charge posts vehicles overnight at times of lower demand. at service stations Smoothing out power demand and cut this to about generation also means that extra fossil fuel 30 minutes. The generation doesn’t have to be enlisted to POWER TO THE GRID: Electric vehicles typical cost to meet peaks in demand (saving carbon could even help to balance the grid recharge is around 3p per mile, compared For more information… with fuel costs of read Electric Vehicles: charged with potential (Royal Academy of Engineering May 2010) 16p per mile for at www.raeng.org.uk/news/publications/list/reports/Electric_Vehicles.pdf. Also see the Electric an ICE vehicle. Car Guide 2011 (The Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders) at www.smmt.co.uk/.
Gridline [ 13 Environment Green projects
CUTTING EDGE: Biodiversity ranger Ed Tucker is leading the clearance works
For the COMMON An overhead line project in West Glamorgan has provided an opportunity to restore an GOOD overgrown area of common land
14 [ Gridline NATIONAL GRID IS HELPING TO fund a three-year project to restore traditional grazing land and encourage biodiversity on the commons of Cefn Drum and Graig Fawr, a large open area of mixed upland heath and semi-improved grassland A HELPING HAND FOR habitat, above Pontarddulais, near Swansea. RARE TANSY BEETLE The Building Biodiversity project is being managed by PONT (a not-for-profit Engineers carrying out works on a organisation that promotes conservation gas pipeline in Yorkshire recently grazing), on behalf of the West Glamorgan joined forces with the Environment Commoners Association. CUTTING BACK: Ed gets to grips with Agency on a project to extend the The aim is to clear bracken, gorse, purple another clump of invasive rhododendron habitat of the tansy beetle moor grass, soft rush and invasive rhododendron from extensive areas of the added. “Many of them own land on other Excavations were needed on a high- 2,000-acre common, and restore sections of the route and so are grantors in pressure pipeline where it crossed the conservation grazing in its place. their own right.” River Ouse at Riccall, near York. National Grid’s funding contribution was Ed Tucker is the biodiversity ranger An ‘inline’ inspection – in which a key in triggering £250,000 of grants for the leading the project. “Our efforts this year device travels through the pipeline in the project from Waste Recycling Environmental are concentrated on clearing 70 acres of flow of gas to record potential problems (WREN), Environment Wales, the dense and scattered rhododendron, and – had indicated a possible surface dent. Countryside Council for Wales, the City and creating 20-metre buffer zones to stop the “In fact, the scarring was superficial, Council of Swansea, the Environment seed from spreading,” he said. and only required a reapplication of Agency Wales and the Gower Society. “After the clearance, feeding blocks protective paint,” said Iain McEwing, Major steelwork replacement works have encourage cattle and sheep to graze in the National Grid’s project supervisor. recently been completed on the area. They churn up the leaf litter with their Pembrokeshire to Swansea 400kV overhead hooves, enabling grass and other plants to PRIORITY SPECIES line, which crosses the commons. come through, which in turn encourages a The excavations took place in a strip of “Last year, we needed to clear diverse range of insects and mammals.” grazing marsh within the known range of rhododendron from around the base of four the tansy beetle. This beautiful iridescent towers to access the sites,” said Rob Miller, RESTORING GRAZING green beetle is confined to a 30-mile lands officer south west. “The opportunity Next year, the focus will be on foliage stretch of the River Ouse, and is a UK to support PONT in this project meant that spraying to prevent regrowth. Bracken will Biodiversity Action Plan priority species. we could address the vegetation also be rolled annually using a tractor-based The Environment Agency, which owns management issue, and help provide attachment, which crushes the plant, causing the land, has an ongoing project to something of lasting environmental value it to lose vigour over time and die back. increase the availability of the tansy and benefit to the local community. There are animal husbandry benefits to plant, which the beetle needs for its food “The commoners have grazed the land for the project, too. Ed said: “If a sheep and reproductive cycle. generations under licence from the becomes sick, its instinct is often to hide landowner, the Duke of Beaufort,” he away in the undergrowth. But the clearance CONSERVATION MANAGEMENT work will make it much easier to spot these “In mitigation for any negative impacts animals in the landscape.” on the habitat, we erected three “The project is helping to Restoring grazing will also help tackle the stockades at intervals along the site’s long history of antisocial activities, riverbank to protect clumps of tansy engender a real sense of including fly-tipping, fires, and the illegal use plant from cattle grazing,” said Ian. ownership and pride” of scrambling bikes and off-road vehicles. Martin Fuller, biodiversity officer for “Volunteers from the local community are the Environment Agency, said that it helping with the clear-up, and there is a was hoped new colonies of the beetle series of talks and walks planned to increase would establish on the floodplain. “The awareness about the project and encourage beetle prefers the water-logged more people to get involved,” said Ed. conditions of the riverbank, and the “The project is helping to engender a real stockades are 200 metres apart sense of ownership and pride in restoring because that’s the maximum distance the land’s natural habitat,” he added. they will walk,” he added. “The new 700-metre strip of protected habitat will make a significant For more information… contribution to the Yorkshire site’s NATURAL MANAGEMENT: Grazing go to: www.pontcymru.org/en/projects/ conservation management.” sheep help to keep vegetation in check building-our-biodiversity-project/.
Gridline [ 15 Grantor profile National Memorial Arboretum LEST WE FORGET In the space of just a decade the National Memorial Arboretum in Staffordshire has become a national focus for remembrance, drawing thousands of visitors
AS THE NUMBER OF WORLD are also mass plantings – including 2,535 oaks War veterans diminishes with each representing the same number of flagged merchant passing year, it becomes ever more navy vessels lost to enemy action in World War II. important that there are reminders A large proportion of the memorials is to the armed about the personal sacrifices made forces, including those dedicated to veterans of on the nation’s behalf to preserve its particular campaigns or battles (Gallipoli, Normandy, freedoms and way of life. Burma, etc), or marking the comradeship within a Those reminders are everywhere group or unit. you turn at the National Memorial But they are joined by others for the police, fire Arboretum, at Alrewas, near brigade, ambulance services, civilian victims of war, Lichfield, which this year marks its charities, and local and overseas organisations. 10th anniversary. The sheer variety of memorials is impressive, The Arboretum, a National Grid ranging, for example, from the International Military gas grantor, is the UK’s centre for Music Society to the Women’s Institute, Royal remembering and paying tribute to National Lifeboat Institution, Stillbirth and Neonatal all those who have served their Death Society and The Boy’s Brigade. TRIBUTE: Charlie country in peace and war. A registered charity, it Bagot Jewitt, CEO opened to the public in 2001 and has been managed ADDED POIGNANCY of the National by The Royal British Legion since 2003. New memorials are added almost weekly, including, Memorial Arboretum Set in 150 acres of tranquil wooded parkland on the in July, one dedicated to the Bevin Boys – the 48,000 banks of the River Tame, on land previously used for young men, many of them conscripts, who joined gravel workings, it’s a peaceful and emotive spot with regular miners down the pits in the dangerous, but 50,000 maturing trees and 200 memorials. vital, work to keep supplies of coal flowing in WW2. “People come here to pay their respects to loved In the centre of the park on a raised mound stands ones, learn about the past and reflect on the human the striking Armed Forces Memorial, completed in cost of war,” said Charlie Bagot Jewitt, who is the 2007. The massive white walls, clad in Portland stone, Arboretum’s chief executive. bear the engraved names of 16,000 servicemen and “The memorials are both deeply moving and servicewomen killed on duty or as a result of terrorist spiritually uplifting. The Arboretum importantly also activity in more than 50 operations and conflicts since celebrates the achievements of so many through the 1945. Added poignancy is provided by the blank years who have made the country what it is.” panels waiting to be filled. The concept of the Arboretum is very much that of The memorial is particularly important for the a living memorial, set in a beautiful mosaic of many families and friends who have no grave to visit, woodland glades, wetland areas and wide-open spaces or who remember those in graves in far-off places. with a variety of habitats for wildlife. Names are added annually to the giant walls. Because it’s an arboretum, trees, plants, gardens, “Behind each inscribed name there are people who walkways and planted avenues also act as tributes, loved them and who live with the pain and along with the familiar sculptures and memorials. consequences of their loss every day,” said Charlie. There is, for example, a Garden of the Innocents, “The memorial provides a tranquil setting where for children affected by conflict, which includes a tree families and friends can be at one with their thoughts. dedicated to Anne Frank. “Many more people today survive attacks or While some trees are individually dedicated, there bombs, although often with lifelong injuries. So it’s just as important to remember these individuals as it is to remember those that did not return,” he added. “The memorial provides a tranquil setting where Another landmark structure is the Millennium families… can be at one with their thoughts” Chapel of Peace and Forgiveness – the only place in
16 [ Gridline REMEMBERING THEM: (Clockwise from top left) The Bevin Boys Memorial; adding another name; the Royal Corps of Signals memorial; the Auxiliary Territorial Service Statue; honouring their names on Remembrance Day; the Royal Air Force Association Remembrance Garden; the approaches to the Armed Forces Memorial MEMORIAL: The Shot at Dawn memorial (left); each stake is dedicated to a soldier (above); saluting fallen comrades (below) “One of our aims… is to SHOT AT communicate the meaning and DAWN importance of remembrance” One of the most moving the UK where a two-minute silence is observed every memorials at the day of the year. At 11 o’clock each day, a light shines Arboretum on to the altar from the bearing and elevation of the is dedicated to sun at 11am on 11 November, Armistice Day. the 306 soldiers who were shot for £8 MILLION APPEAL cowardice or Two years ago, the Arboretum launched an £8 million desertion during Future Foundations Appeal to fund new public WWI. Many of facilities, including a larger function room, additional these men – some exhibition space and a world-class remembrance as young as 17 learning centre. The improvements will enable the – would today be Arboretum to accommodate an expected rise in the considered to be number of visitors from the current fi gure of around suffering from 300,000 a year to more than 500,000. post-traumatic “One of our aims is that the Remembrance stress disorder. Learning Centre will help to communicate the The memorial, by meaning and importance of remembrance to the Andy De Comyn, public in a way that is fresh and contemporary for the depicts a young Facebook and Twitter generation,” said Charlie. soldier blindfolded, The Arboretum has been working with more than modelled on the IT’S A FACT… 40 academics, including historians, architects, art likeness of Private historians and psychologists, to consider all aspects of Henry Burden, who OThe Royal British Legion meets a third of remembrance from a multidisciplined perspective. lied about his age the annual £1.5 million running costs and “The research will be fed back into the learning to enlist and was another third is provided by Ministry of centre, helping people to explore what remembrance shot for desertion. Defence grants. means, why it is important, and how it has changed in Nearby are 306 OThe National Memorial Arboretum raises meaning for each generation.” stakes with the the remaining £600,000 by hosting up to 200 One thing is certain, while memories fade over time, names and ages of events a year and generating income from the memorials at the National Memorial Arboretum those executed. its shop, restaurant and visitor donations. will ensure that the exploits and sacrifi ces of countless The monument O In addition to 50 permanent staff, the brave men and women will continue to be recalled by stands at the most Arboretum relies heavily on about 150 future generations. easterly point of dedicated volunteers, aged from 14 to 90. the Arboretum, OThe Arboretum has plans to more than where it is the fi rst double in size to 300,000 acres by 2026, For more information… to be touched by using land released by the phased The National Memorial Arboretum and its the morning sun. completion of gravel and sand extraction visitor centre are open daily throughout the year and operations in the vicinity. there is no admission fee. Go to: www.thenma.org.uk.
18 [ Gridline Out&About ;OLSH[LZ[UL^ZMYVTNational GridHUKP[ZUH[PVU^PKLNYHU[VYUL[^VYR )LUVWLQKLVÀHOG NATIONAL GRID GAS GRANTOR Colin McGregor from Coldstream Mains, in Berwickshire, has been named UK arable farmer of the year by judges at the prestigious Farmers Weekly Awards. Colin and his team manage eight farms set in 7,000 acres in the Scottish Borders, growing wheat, oilseed rape, spring beans, vining peas, barley and potatoes. FLEECE ALERT Despite the size of the operation, the .YHU[VYZHYLHZRLK[V judges were impressed by the attention to LUZ\YLJYVWWYV[LJ[PVU detail and consistently high standards. ZOLL[PUNPZÄYTS` Colin was an early adopter of Precision ZLJ\YLK[V[OLNYV\UK Farming techniques. Using Global HUK[VJVU[PU\HSS` Positioning Satellite technology, fields TVUP[VYP[ZJVUKP[PVU are monitored and analysed to enable ¸0UHYLJLU[PUJPKLU[ the variable application of inputs, such HIV]LHOVY[PJ\S[\YHS as seed, fertiliser and lime, to maximise ÅLLJLHIV\[ TL[YLZ yield, while minimising waste and cost. SVUNISL^PU[VR= Automatic machine steering and control V]LYOLHKWV^LYSPULZ systems are also used. HUK^YHWWLKP[ZLSM Caring for the environment is another HYV\UK[OLIV[[VT priority – the farms include wildlife WOHZLVMHJPYJ\P[¹ margins in many of the fields. The ZHPK+V\N3VJR^VVK judges also praised Colin’s work with KLSP]LY`THUHNLY schools and farmer groups, and his active OUTSTANDING: V]LYOLHKSPULZ involvement in the community – helping Colin McGregor, ¸;OLTH[LYPHS[YHPSLK out as required, for example, moving the UK arable IHJRHJYVZZ[OLÄLSK snow from local roads and erecting farmer of the year JYLH[PUNHKHUNLYVM Christmas lights. LSLJ[YPJP[`JVUK\J[PUN 7OV[VNYHWO!1PT=HYUL`-> [V[OLNYV\UK^P[O WV[LU[PHSS`OHaHYKV\Z YLZ\S[ZPMHU`IVK`JHTL EARLY Inspiring the ‘live wires’ of tomorrow PU[VJVU[HJ[^P[OP[¹ LEARNING: Getting to A UK government estimate forecasts activities, including a ‘design a pylon’ REMEMBER grips with that 58 per cent of all new jobs in the competition – with prizes for the If you see anything tower design next 10 years will require a STEM top 10 entries. They were also able hanging from an (science, technology, engineering or to explore a working model grid overhead line: mathematical) background. system, complete with towers and OHSLY[V[OLYZPU[OL Inspiring the technologists and houses that lit up. ]PJPUP[`VM[OLKHUNLY engineers of the future is what the Employee volunteers and members OJHSS[OLOY Imagineering Fair is all about. This of National Grid’s graduate scheme, LTLYNLUJ`U\TILY year’s event was held at AIRBASE, together with year-in-industry HUK Coventry airport. students and university students PMZHML[VKVZVNP]L Visitors to the National Grid stand on the Power Academy scheme (an [OLULHYLZ[[V^LY0+ were able to immerse themselves eight-week summer placement) were U\TILYMV\UKVU[OL in a variety of fun, hands-on on hand to guide the young visitors. [V^LY»ZWYVWLY[`WSH[L
Gridline [ 19 Contact details Tel: 01926 656 325 Email: [email protected] LastWord Website: www.nationalgrid.com @V\YJOHUJL[VLU[LY[^VNYLH[JVTWL[P[PVUZ
Win a Marks & Spencer Photo giftcard competition ;OLS\JR`^PUULYVM [OPZPZZ\L»ZJVTWL[P[PVU A friendship ^PSSYLJLP]LH4HYRZ sealed :WLUJLYNPM[JHYK WYLSVHKLK^P[O *VUNYH[\SH[PVUZ[V :PTPSHY[VHJYLKP[JHYK LSLJ[YPJP[`NYHU[VY1VHU PUZPaL4 :NPM[JHYKZJHU @H[LZVM(UZ[`3LPJLZ[LY ILZWLU[H[TVYL[OHU ¶[OL^PUULYVMSHZ[ 4 :Z[VYLZPU[OL<2VY PZZ\L»ZWOV[VJVTWL[P[PVU VUSPULVUMHZOPVUMVVK VU[OL[OLTLVMº^PSKSPML» LU[LY[HPUTLU[OVTL MVY[OPZZ[\UUPUNWOV[V HJJLZZVYPLZHUKTVYL [HRLUH[HSVJH[PVUULHY .PM[JHYKZHYL]HSPK *YVTLY5VYMVSR MVYTVU[OZMYVT[OL SHZ[[YHUZHJ[PVUHUK [OLIHSHUJLJHUUV[IL JVU]LY[LKIHJRPU[VJHZO ;OL`JHUUV[ILHJJLW[LK MVYTHKL[VTLHZ\YL :LQDOX[XU\KRWHOEUHDN ZOPY[ZVYSHYNLHWWSPHUJLZ ;VILPU^P[OHJOHUJL Enter Gridline’s VM^PUUPUNHU4 : NPM[JHYKZPTWS`HUZ^LY competition to win a two- [OLMVSSV^PUNX\LZ[PVU night stay at The Belfry JVYYLJ[S`!
GRIDLINE HAS TEAMED UP Q WHAT PERCENTAGE with The Belfry again to offer OF THE UK’S TOTAL
the winner of this month’s photo CO2 EMISSIONS ARE competition a fabulous two-night CONTRIBUTED BY hotel stay for two people. ROAD TRANSPORT? Set in 550 acres of beautiful West Midlands countryside, The Belfry :LUK`V\YHUZ^LY golf resort has 324 well-equipped INCLUDED IN THE PRIZE [V.YPKSPUL4 : bedrooms, as well as a leisure centre, s 4WO NIGHTS ACCOMMODATION IN A SUITE FOR TWO *VTWL[P[PVU and has hosted the prestigious Ryder s $INNER FOR TWO IN 4HE !TRIUM RESTAURANT ON >H[LYSVV7SHJL>HY^PJR Cup between Europe and the USA BOTH NIGHTS :[YLL[3LHTPUN[VU:WH on four occasions. s &ULL %NGLISH BREAKFAST IN 4HE !TRIUM BOTH MORNINGS >HY^PJRZOPYL*= 3( The theme for this issue’s s 5SE OF THE (EALTH AND 7ELLNESS FACILITIES 7SLHZLUV[L`V\T\Z[IL HNYHU[VY[VLU[LY*SVZPUN competition is ‘winter wonders’. 0LEASE NOTE USE OF THE GOLF FACILITIES IS NOT INCLUDED Send in your selected photo to AND WILL INCUR A CHARGE KH[LPZ -LIY\HY` Gridline Photo Competition, 23-25 4ERMS AND CONDITIONS Waterloo Place, Warwick Street, 4HE PRIZE MUST BE TAKEN BY !UGUST SUBJECT TO AVAILABILITY Leamington Spa, Warwickshire AND MUST BE TAKEN AS DETAILED THERE IS NO CASH ALTERNATIVE CV32 5LA, or email it to gridline@ !CCOMMODATION IS BASED ON TWO ADULTS SHARING A SUITE 4HE "ELFRY uk.ngrid.com. The closing date is RESERVES THE RIGHT TO WITHDRAW THE COMPETITION AT ANY TIME ANDOR CHANGE THE PRIZE DUE TO UNFORESEEN CIRCUMSTANCES 3TANDARD "ELFRY 08 February 2012. Only National TERMS AND CONDITIONS APPLY Grid grantors are eligible to enter.