Planning of New Municipal Bus Terminal, Pandalam
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Published by : International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) http://www.ijert.org ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 9 Issue 02, February-2020 Planning of New Municipal Bus Terminal, Pandalam Bismi M Buhari1, Alan Varghese2, Bibin Babu3, Gokulkrishnan R4, Raveena R Nair5 1Asst. Professor, 2345 Student Civil Department, Musaliar College of Engineering & Technology, Pathanamthitta. Abstract-Pandalam being a fastly growing town, faces serious V. STUDY OF PRESENT SITUATION AT traffic congestion problems. The present scenario at the EXISTING BUS STATION existing bus station at Pandalam faces lack of basic amenities ,traffic congestion problems, lack of proper parking facilities A General for passenger vehicles,improper parking of buses etc . Inorder Pandalam is a fastly growing town located at Adoor Taluk to overcome this situation, it is required to suggest a new location for the bus terminal based on the studies.This study of Pathanamthitta district, Kerala. As per census 2011, aims at the implementation of modern facilities and proposing Pandalam town has a population of 49099 and a population a best way to tackle the present traffic congestion. density of 1700 per sq.km. Keywords: Bus count survey, Reconnaissance survey, Traffic volume survey, Pedestrian survey. I. INTRODUCTION The present study at Pandalam bus station focuses on the planning of new bus terminal at proposed site. The existing bus station lacks basic facilities and poses serious traffic congestion problems due to the entry and exit of buses, which accelerate the traffic block in road. By taking these problems into consideration ,it has been decided to shift the bus stand to a new proposed site.For this purpose various traffic surveys are conducted and new plans are proposed. II. OBJECTIVES ➢ Identification and studying the present scenario at Pandalam bus station and planning a new one. ➢ Conduct traffic survey. ➢ Collect necessary datas required for the planning. Fig 1. Location and congestion infront of present bus stand. ➢ Tackle the problem of traffic congestion, to increase the easiness of passengers, to provide B Bus Count Survey better platform facilities, to make the passenger The bus count survey is conducted at the present bus stand movement safe and better. on 16/09/2019. It is conducted to find out the no. of buses passing per hour. The survey started from 6am-6pm. It is III. LIMITATIONS found that an average of 30 buses passing per hour. The traffic surveys conducted at the site was during the peak hours of the day due to heavy crowd and traffic. Thus Bus count study accurate datas may be lacking. 40 30 IV. SCOPE 20 10 To conduct necessary studies regarding the planning of 0 No. of buses new bus terminal and thereby reducing the problem of passing per traffic congestion and providing sufficient basic facilities. buses of No. hour This also helps in improving the overall efficiency of the 12-01pm 02-03pm 04-05pm 08-09am 10-11am area adjoining the bus stand. 06-07am Timing Fig.2 Timing v/s No. of buses IJERTV9IS020395 www.ijert.org 690 (This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.) Published by : International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) http://www.ijert.org ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 9 Issue 02, February-2020 C Condition of Present Bus 20/07/2019 a holiday. No. of vehicles in each hour are There is a traffic congestion in front of the bus stand due to estimated. Vehicles are categorized as one wheeler, two the entry and exit of buses, which affects the whole traffic wheeler, three wheeler, four wheeler and heavy vehicles. system. Due to this the safe movement of the passengers Average no. of vehicles are calculated. The average peak were restricted. The entrance and exit for passengers are hours were identified as 9-10 am and 3-4 pm. not separately provided, so the possibilities of accident is more. Lack of toilet facilities is another major problem. TABLE I. AVERAGE TRAFFIC VOLUME The platform facilities are not present now. Total Two Three Four Heavy Timings no. of wheeler wheeler wheeler vehicles vehicles. 06-07am 102 67 66 28 263 07-08am 232 105 85 52 473 08-09am 537 277 265 105 1183 09-10am 510 319 314 142 1273 10-11am 493 306 317 123 1239 11-12pm 470 322 324 120 1235 12-01pm 451 282 260 102 1094 01-02pm 472 310 342 98 1220 02-03pm 503 299 326 128 1255 03-04pm 534 322 346 112 1313 04-05pm 537 307 322 100 1265 05-06pm 331 255 272 87 944 Average traffic volume 1400 Fig.3 Entrance and exit of buses. 1200 1000 VI. STUDY FOR PROPOSED BUS TERMINAL 800 A Reconnaissance Survey 600 The location of new bus stand was identified. Location is 400 average near KSRTC bus station Pandalam. Reconnaissance survey 200 traffic volume at the proposed site is conducted. The area was identified to 0 be marshy. The approximate area was estimated to be 1.2 passing vehicles of No. acres. The boundary points were also identified. The new plot is facing towards newly proposed bypass road. Timing Fig.5 Average Traffic Volume C Parked Vehicle Survey. The parked vehicle survey is conducted on different days. The vehicles are categorized as 2-wheelers, 3-wheelers and 4-wheelers. Parking of vehicles at each hour is taken and an average no. of parked vehicles is showed in TABLE 2. TABLE 2. AVERAGE NO. OF PARKED VEHICLES Type of vehicles Average no. of vehicles parked. 2-Wheeler 85 3-Wheeler 27 4-Wheeler 7 Fig.4 Plot for proposed bus terminal. B Traffic Volume Study It is to determine the volume of traffic moving on roadways. This study was conducted infront of present bus stand. It was conducted on 17/ 07/2019 a working day and IJERTV9IS020395 www.ijert.org 691 (This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.) Published by : International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) http://www.ijert.org ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 9 Issue 02, February-2020 ➢ The max gradient of ramp provided should not be Percentage more than 1 in 12 and min width should be 120cm. ➢ The roof adopted for terminal building and toilet complex is concrete roof. 6% ➢ Roof for bus terminal platform is shell type roof. 23% 2- wheelers 3- wheelers 4- wheelers 71% Fig.6 Percentage of vehicles parked. D Pedestrian Survey The pedestrian survey is conducted at the entry and exit of present bus stand. The survey is conducted in different days. The average value obtained is shown in Table 3. TABLE 3. AVERAGE PEDESTRIAN FLOW Timing No. Of pedestrians 8-9 am 92 9-10 am 312 10-11am 340 Fig.7 Plan of proposed bus terminal 11-12am 300 12-1 pm 224 VIII. CONCLUSION 1-2pm 172 2-3 pm 116 ➢ The present situation at the existing bus station is 3-4 pm 348 thoroughly studied and the problems causing the 4-5pm 288 traffic congestion at Pandalam junction is 5-6 pm 256 identified. ➢ The surveys conducted are traffic volume study, VII. PREPARATION OF PLAN pedestrian survey, bus count analysis and parked vehicle survey. The plan is prepared on the basis of the Kerala Municipal ➢ The solutions to tackle this situation is to shift Building Rule. According to it the following are planned. the present bus station to a new site and planning ➢ Minimum side clearance for the building as per it accordingly in an efficient manner. KMBR is 1m and 1.5m . ➢ Minimum distance between plot boundary and REFERENCES road is 3m for NH, SH, district roads and 2m for other roads. 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